CN1539258A - TRechnique for growing seedlings of American cross bred plummy apricot - Google Patents
TRechnique for growing seedlings of American cross bred plummy apricot Download PDFInfo
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- CN1539258A CN1539258A CNA2003101101321A CN200310110132A CN1539258A CN 1539258 A CN1539258 A CN 1539258A CN A2003101101321 A CNA2003101101321 A CN A2003101101321A CN 200310110132 A CN200310110132 A CN 200310110132A CN 1539258 A CN1539258 A CN 1539258A
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Abstract
A breeding technique for American hybrid apricot-type plum includes choosing peach stone as stock seed, storing it in sand for its dormant period, germinating, culturing stock seedling until it has 15 cm in height and 0.6-0.8 cm in thickness, and grafting American hybrid apricot-type plum. Its advantages are high survival rate (more than 98%), high speed (current year) and easy operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of U.S. hybridization apricot Lee seedling growing process.
Background technology
U.S. hybridization apricot Lee is the emerging fancy fruit new varieties of cultivating by many generation hybridization between apricot Lee kind, and kind is good, and the domestic and international market is very wide.Because market prospects are wide, need be in the rapid penetration and promotion in vast rural area, but adopt routine breed the grafting method need the time long, graft survival rate is low, reproduction speed is slow, needs to buy large number quipments, cost of investment height in addition, discomfort is easily promoted in vast rural area.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of U.S. hybridization apricot Lee seedling growing process, under the situation that does not need big investment, realize growing seedlings then, grafting then, go out garden Ding Yuan then.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is to have adopted a kind of U.S. hybridization apricot Lee seedling growing process, and the step of this seedling growing process is as follows:
(1) chooses peach-pit and do the anvil kind;
(2) the anvil kind is carried out husky Tibetan of resting stage;
When (3) treating that seed splits the mouth germination, cultivate the anvil seedling;
When (4) treating that garden, land for growing field crops anvil seedling ground 15cm eminence has on the ground slightly reached the formation of 0.6cm-0.8cm stock, promptly begin grafting U.S. hybridization apricot Lee.
The nuclear species of choosing can be Xinjiang wild peach, Henan west nectarine and Nanking cherry.
Described U.S. hybridization apricot Lee comprises that flavor is fragrant, dinosaurian eggs, taste rose, flavor king, local flavor queen, flavor Supreme Being, rich several kinds.
Described anvil seedling directly directly is seeded into ground, garden, land for growing field crops with chitting piece by the seeding row spacing of 0.12 * 0.35m, and the mode of last covering with plastic film is cultivated.
Described grafting method can be " double-pole square " grafting and " T " font grafting.
The cutter distance of described " double-pole square " grafting is at 0.8-1.0cm.
Seedling growing process of the present invention is tested through the test block, proves more advanced, a ripe achievement in research, has demonstrated the advantage of following several respects:
(1) selects suitable solid peach stake kind for use, early grow seedlings, grafting early, strengthen management, appliable plant growth regulator etc., average survival is more than 98%, on average go out the garden qualification rate then more than 95%, can realize growing seedlings then, grafting then, go out garden Ding Yuan then, realize the purpose of fast breeding.
(2) easy, easy of method is easy to apply.
(3) cost of investment is low, and the economic benefit height will produce huge economic benefit in case apply, and input-output ratio is about 1: 100.
(4) growing-seedling period is short, shortens to 1 year by 2 years of past.
(5) the interface healing is firm, the seedling growth stalwartness.
(6) nursery stock qualification rate height, the outplanting rate height, it is neat to go out the garden, grows seedlings then, rises stubble then.
Can make full use of time in slack season and rich labour, can accelerate improved seeds and breed, more good kind high quality seedling supply the market demand is provided, can keep good scion variety merit.
Embodiment
Table 1 is emerged and early growth situation contrast table for different peach anvil kinds
As can be seen from Table 1, different peach anvil kinds under the situation of same storage practice and time, emerge have have earlier after, under ground, same garden and the administrative situation, difference is apparent in view.The resting stage and the husky earthing of seeds of hiding that have also proved simultaneously different peach anvils need asynchronism(-nization) (about Xinjiang wild peach 50 days; Local wild peach is about 70 days, and Henan Western Hills peach is about 80 days; About Nanking cherry 130 days)
The result proves, from germinate early, the early growth gesture is strong, high growth is fast, grafting part increases the thick comprehensive favourable factor of growing seedlings such as very fast, best as the grafting anvil of growing seedlings with Xinjiang wild peach nuclear, local wild peach is examined and Henan Western Hills peach-pit takes second place.
Table 2 is that difference is urged the influence contrast table of seedling-growing method to the rootstock seedling growth
| Urge the seedling mode | Average yield per mu (strain) | Sample ground quantity | Sample area (m3) | Investigate the strain number altogether | Qualified | Average qualified strain number | Qualification rate (%) | |
| Highly | Rugosity | |||||||
| Hotbed | ??15000 | 33 | 99 | 2376 | 2010 | 1971 | 1990 | 83.75 |
| Plastic mulching | ??15000 | 33 | 99 | 2376 | 2258 | 2243 | 2251 | 94.74 |
| Contrast | ??15000 | 33 | 99 | 2376 | 1780 | 1332 | 1556 | 65.48 |
What table 2 showed is, for cultivating grafting then with the sturdy and fast stock of early growth, we have adopted two kinds of methods: the one, through the husky seed of hiding of a dormancy adjacent yaw (soil base frame of getting up on the spot on hotbed after germinateing February, the long 6-7m of frame thing, the wide 1.5m in north and south, the high 0.4m of southern wall, the high 0.6m of north wall,, before transplanting with 0.2% potassium permanganate liquid nursery bed disinfection), overlay film then.Hang a thermometer temperature control in the hotbed, when temperature surpasses 33 ℃, open both sides film cooling, prevent to burn seedling.Early March is transplanted to ground, garden, land for growing field crops by seeding row spacing 0.12 * 0.35m, continues to cultivate as graft stock; The 2nd, directly be seeded into ground, garden, land for growing field crops, covering with plastic film thereafter through sand plant chitting piece in February by 0.12 * 0.35m seeding row spacing. with conventional seedbed system, there is covering film to contrast.
In May 25 investigation, press 30 centimetres of plant heights, stock is average thick 0.6 centimetre of high 15 centimeters apart from ground, press 0.5 centimetre of " T " word grafting rugosity, thick 0.8 centimetre of double-pole square stock grafting.For enough grafting standards, compare the calculating qualification rate with per mu yield 15000 young plants, investigation method is pressed mechanical sampling method (each sample ground 3m
2), investigation result sees Table 2.
Can obviously find out from table, late May investigation, it is qualified that height and rugosity reach the grafting standard, with plastic mulching for the highest, average out to 94.74%; Hotbed germination hastening method qualification rate is 83.75%.。
Table 3 is the influence contrast table of different grafting methods to growing seedlings
(strain: cm)
| Grafting method | Grafting time | Grafting strain number | Survive the strain number | Survival rate (%) | Investigation on July 20 | Investigation on September 25 | Remarks | |||
| Slightly | High | Slightly | High | |||||||
| The double-pole square | Cutter is apart from 0.8～1.0 | June 20 | 1330 | 1328 | ??98.85 | ????55 | ??1.2 | ??125 | Look into entirely | |
| Cutter is apart from 1～1.5 | June 20 | 1330 | 1329 | ??99.9 | ????68 | ??1.3 | ??135 | Look into entirely | ||
| " T " font | June 19 | 1330 | 1315 | ??98.87 | ????49 | ??1.0 | ??104 | Look into entirely | ||
| " ⊥ " font | June 19 | 1330 | 1146 | ??86.17 | ????43 | ??1.0 | ??89 | Look into entirely | ||
What table 3 showed is the influence that different grafting methods is grown to graft survival rate and height:
In summer grafting, which kind of grafting method survival rate height, it is vigorous to grow, and helps realizing growing seedlings then, grafting then, goes out the purpose that garden Ding Yuan grows seedlings then.
" double-pole square " grafting has been adopted in this experimental study, " T " font grafting and three kinds of methods of " " font grafting.
" double-pole square " grafting has two kinds with cutter, and a kind of cutter is apart from 0.8-1cm; Two kinds of cuttves are apart from 1-1.5cm, evidence, and to graft survival rate, high growth all has certain influence.
As can be seen, the grafting survival height, growth is fast, and the outplanting rate height is best with " double-pole square " and two kinds of grafting methods of " T " font after autumn, and " " word grafting method is inadvisable.But preceding two kinds of methods also have excellent, shortcoming:
1, " double-pole square " grafting is best with cutter apart from 0.8-1cm, the availability height of must buddering; The 2nd, the survival rate height; Three is i.e. healings in 5 days, the growth that begins to sprout in 7 days.
2, " T " shaped budding though " double-pole square " bud grafting method is a bit weaker, can utilize the stock about thick 0.6cm, and we think and " double-pole square " grafting use that combines, are fairly perfect ways.
U.S. hybridization apricot Lee grows seedlings and does stock with the Xinjiang wild peach, adopts the technology that match such as double-pole square bud grafting, grows seedlings then, grafting then goes out garden Ding Yuan then, educates 12000 strains of peach anvil for every mu, can cultivate U.S. hybridization apricot Lee high-quality finished product seedling 10000-11000 strain, its technical essential is as follows:
(1) cultivates the peach anvil
1, nursery lot is selected to arrange, to irritate sandy loam easily, loam, and mu is executed the 4-5000 kilogram, and 50 kilograms of levelings of urea are waited to educate.
2, seed is selected Xinjiang wild peach seed for use.Through peach anvil peach variety trial, be suitable for U.S.'s hybridization apricot Lee fast breeding person that is used for the stock, have only the Xinjiang wild peach best, it is vigorous grow, and orthostatic is strong, and it is less branch, increases in the 30cm scope June slightly comparatively fast, utilizes early stage grafting.
3, resting stage husky the Tibetan: select full seed for use, do not have go rotten, the Xinjiang wild peach nuclear of no damage by disease and insect, in by the end of November with clear water immersion 2-3 days.In husky and seed with 2-4: 1 ratio fully mixes, and digging pit then, it is underground to imbed.Storage kind of the dark 40cm in hole, thing length is decided on seed amount, and the wide 150cm in north and south is suitable in order to being operating as.After the hole is dug, stack in proportion the mixing seed to the hole along 10cm, cover the thick river sand in the 15cm left and right sides at last, the upper cover stalk in order to moisture-heat preservation, rises with plastic film cover above last, to prevent the sleet water that infiltrates in storage kind of pond again.By the end of December or turn over kiln January 1 time, the cur is picked, carry out anti-plague of rats work.
4, carry out the preceding preparation of growing seedlings.About about 50 days of resting stage of Xinjiang wild peach, by the end of January or early Febuary, once turn over kiln, stir up and down once, in order to being wet, be subjected to temperature evenly, make sure to keep in mind to prevent that rainwater from flowing into or infiltrate in the storage kiln.
(2) handle peach anvil seedling and educate method.When treating that seed splits the mouth germination, can educate, educate to ground, garden, covering with plastic film then by seeding row spacing 12cm * 35cm on ground, off-the-shelf garden.
Take off film and management: in 3 months, the last ten-days period peach seedling be unearthed in succession, under the situation of no late frost, begin covering with plastic film is thrown off successively, weed with a hoe, erase the following rudiment of 25cm, the high pinching of 30cm, the attention control damage by disease and insect can impose quick-acting fertilizer one time, promotes to increase fast thick.
(3) grafting.In 5 months, when the last ten-days period, peach anvil seedling ground 15cm eminence slightly reached 0.6-0.8cm, promptly begin grafting, adopt " double-pole square " simple bud grafting, connect the back and use the plastic strip tighten, do not reveal bud, the benefit of taking over a job in the end connects, up to surviving.
Nursery bed management: in time loosen the soil, weeding, water, draining, anti-compaction and uncultivated; In time remove sprout, bud picking and prevention and elimination of disease and pests work, stop after early September watering, applying fertilizer, impel the abundant lignification of nursery stock.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of U.S. hybridization apricot Lee seedling growing process, it is characterized in that: the step of this seedling growing process is as follows:
(1) chooses peach-pit and do the anvil kind;
(2) the anvil kind is carried out husky Tibetan of resting stage;
When (3) treating that seed splits the mouth germination, cultivate the anvil seedling;
When (4) treating that garden, land for growing field crops anvil seedling ground 15cm eminence has on the ground slightly reached the formation of 0.6cm-0.8cm stock, promptly begin grafting U.S. hybridization apricot Lee.
2, seedling growing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the nuclear species of choosing can be Xinjiang wild peach, Henan west nectarine and Nanking cherry.
3, seedling growing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described U.S. hybridization apricot Lee comprises that flavor is fragrant, dinosaurian eggs, taste rose, flavor king, local flavor queen, flavor Supreme Being, rich several kinds.
4, seedling growing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described anvil seedling directly directly is seeded into ground, garden, land for growing field crops with chitting piece by the seeding row spacing of 0.12 * 0.35m, and the mode of last covering with plastic film is cultivated.
5, seedling growing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described grafting method can be " double-pole square " grafting and " T " font grafting.
6, seedling growing process according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the cutter distance of described " double-pole square " grafting is at 0.8-1.0cm.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102524010A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-04 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for sowing and raising seedlings of prunus tomentosa in summer |
| CN102939880A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-02-27 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Standardized planting method for black plum |
| CN103688763A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-04-02 | 王宁 | Method for grafting plumcot tree by taking wild peach tree as rootstock |
| CN104041313A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-09-17 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | Method for planting potted plum tree |
| CN104126422A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-05 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | Grafting method for Prunus salicina |
| CN104350934A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-18 | 遵义市石锐花卉种植园 | Method for culturing seedlings of rose |
| CN104381075A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-04 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Rapid seeding and strong seedling cultivation method for apricots |
| CN104429633A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Dwarf method for plumcot hybrid seeds |
| CN105075784A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽荣鸿农业开发股份有限公司 | Planting method and maintaining method of cerasus subhirtella var. pendula |
| CN108651036A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-10-16 | 铜陵美味经果林种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of peach stock grafting apricot seedling |
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2003
- 2003-10-27 CN CNA2003101101321A patent/CN1539258A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102524010A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-04 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for sowing and raising seedlings of prunus tomentosa in summer |
| CN102524010B (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2013-02-20 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for sowing and raising seedlings of prunus tomentosa in summer |
| CN102939880A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-02-27 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Standardized planting method for black plum |
| CN102939880B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-01-08 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Standardized planting method for black plum |
| CN103688763A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-04-02 | 王宁 | Method for grafting plumcot tree by taking wild peach tree as rootstock |
| CN104041313A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-09-17 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | Method for planting potted plum tree |
| CN104126422A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-05 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | Grafting method for Prunus salicina |
| CN104126422B (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-08-24 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of red crisp Lee |
| CN104381075A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-04 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Rapid seeding and strong seedling cultivation method for apricots |
| CN104429633A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Dwarf method for plumcot hybrid seeds |
| CN104429633B (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2017-02-15 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Dwarf method for plumcot hybrid seeds |
| CN104350934A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-18 | 遵义市石锐花卉种植园 | Method for culturing seedlings of rose |
| CN105075784A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽荣鸿农业开发股份有限公司 | Planting method and maintaining method of cerasus subhirtella var. pendula |
| CN108651036A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-10-16 | 铜陵美味经果林种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of peach stock grafting apricot seedling |
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