CN1503697A - Automatic crushnig and sorting equipment of garbage and method for sorting out foreign substance in the garbage - Google Patents
Automatic crushnig and sorting equipment of garbage and method for sorting out foreign substance in the garbage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1503697A CN1503697A CNA028085299A CN02808529A CN1503697A CN 1503697 A CN1503697 A CN 1503697A CN A028085299 A CNA028085299 A CN A028085299A CN 02808529 A CN02808529 A CN 02808529A CN 1503697 A CN1503697 A CN 1503697A
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- Prior art keywords
- shell
- rubbish
- cover plate
- hammer
- impurity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
- B02C13/284—Built-in screens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
- B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
- B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
- B02C13/095—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate with an adjustable anvil or impact plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/10—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and axial flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/13—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and combined with sifting devices, e.g. for making powdered fuel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/146—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with a rotor comprising a plurality of axially contiguous disc-like segments each having at least one radially extending cutting element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/18—Drum screens
- B07B1/20—Stationary drums with moving interior agitators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed are an automatic crushing and sorting equipment of garbage and a method for sorting foreign substances in the garbage. The equipment includes a case having a perforated base plate and a discharge outlet for sorting out and discharging organic matters and foreign substances in garbage charged through a hopper; a striking cover plate for letting the garbage carried from the case being collided and crushed; a vertical partition for isolating the perforated base plate from the discharge outlet; a drive shaft passing through the case in a longitudinal direction of the case such that both end parts thereof projecting from both sides of the case are rotated; and a plurality of hammer mill assemblies successively and fixedly installed on the drive shaft, and being sequentially titled while maintaining a predetermined deviation in angle between unit members so that the garbage is crushed into a micro-sized particles and carried by maintaining a minute gap between end parts of the hammer mill assemblies and the inner surface of the striking cover plate to collide the garbage with the striking cover plate. The present invention has an advantage of recreating available resources and minimizing environmental pollution since a huge volume of garbage dispensed from households, restaurants, etc. are crushed into a wanted size and at the same time foreign substances in the garbage are automatically sorted out and completely separated.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to automatic pulverizing of rubbish and screening installation and from rubbish, sub-elect impurity (foreign substance), more particularly, the method that relates to automatic pulverizing of the environment-friendly garbage that is with historically new significance and screening installation and from rubbish, sub-elect impurity, it be by will being ground into the impurity that needs size and comprise in the sorting rubbish automatically from a large amount of rubbish in family, restaurant etc. so that it is separated fully, thereby can create environment amenable resource again and reduce environmental pollution.
Background technology
Usually in order to handle the rubbish that contains moisture by generations such as family, restaurant, hospitals, we mainly depend on original processing method, such as burning method, landfill etc., also do not have other special alternative methods so far.The social concern that these conventional methods are brought need to be excessive cost.Being problematic in that of these conventional methods live in burn or the landfill around the resident directly be subjected to the harm of stink and environmental pollution, and these harm still are in ascendant trend at present.Specifically, the environmental pollution that burning method and landfill caused is serious day by day.
If sub-elect organic matter in the impurity that can comprise from rubbish, then they can be used as feed stripped or agricultural product fertilizer effectively, substitute annual fertilizer with the high price import and utilize thereby make them can be used as useful resources.But regrettably Yi Qian resource never is reused, because up to the present never develop suitable pulverizing and screening installation.
Since contain 85% or more the rubbish of high-moisture can't burn, so at present the technology that equipment adopted of exploitation just is used to the dehydration technique of burning away the refuse.But never propose from can be used as the organic matter that reclaims resource, to sub-elect the technology of various impurity such as bone, spoon, table fork, toothpick, mitten, the compound that contains vinyl, plastics, bottle stopper or the like.Therefore, comprise that the most as fertilizer sources of rubbish of various impurity utilizes again, because they are not suitable for feed stripped.
That is to say, above-mentioned refuse treatment plant can be carried out rubbish and pulverize function but can not carry out sorting function, and wherein sorting function is meant from rubbish in full-automatic mode and sub-elects impurity such as bone, spoon, table fork, toothpick, mitten, the compound that contains vinyl, plastics, bottle stopper or the like.Thus, there is defective aspect conventional method recycles as feed stripped at the protein that sub-elects useful component from rubbish and organic matter and with these materials basically.
This defective has caused the waste of useful resources, thereby causes serious economy loss.In addition, can not need abandon, thereby can produce a large amount of rubbish and cause serious environmental to be polluted as the rubbish that animal feed and vegetable fertilizer reclaim.
Other shortcomings of tradition refuse treatment plant are that various in the course of the work impurity rest on the equipment the inside, thereby equipment is often broken down owing to its fault of construction.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the method that the present invention relates to automatic pulverizing of a kind of rubbish and screening installation and sub-elect impurity from rubbish is from having avoided limitation and the not enough one or more problems that cause owing to prior art in essence.
The method that an object of the present invention is to provide automatic pulverizing of a kind of environment-friendly garbage that is with historically new significance and screening installation and from rubbish, sub-elect impurity, it needs size and sub-elect impurity simultaneously and it is separated fully from rubbish by being ground into from a large amount of rubbish in family, restaurant etc., thereby can create useful resources again and reduce environmental pollution.
The part of other advantages of the present invention, purpose and feature part in the following description provides, and other parts are for the person of ordinary skill of the art by reading hereinafter or put into practice clear that the present invention becomes.Can realize and obtain purpose of the present invention and other advantages by the concrete structure that provides in specification and claims and the accompanying drawing.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages, and according to here as embodiment and the intent of the present invention of describing in a large number, provide a kind of rubbish to pulverize automatically and screening installation, this equipment comprises: the sealing shell that is divided into the upper and lower, its upside is formed with funnel, be used to load the rubbish that contains various impurity, these rubbish at first are ground into pre-sizing by pulverizer, also be formed with Porous Base and floss hole on it, organic matter is separated from the impurity that is written into by funnel and discharge; Striking cover plate is installed to the part of the inner surface of shell upper, is used for clashing into the rubbish that is written into and with its pulverizing; Be formed on the vertical partition plate of enclosure one side, be used for Porous Base and floss hole are kept apart; Pass the driving shaft at shell center along the axial level of shell, the two end portions of this driving shaft reaches the both sides of shell and rotatably supports by bearing, and is connected with the drive source that can rotate this two end portions; With a plurality of hammer crushing parts, be fixedly mounted on the driving shaft successively, tilt in succession, and keep predetermined drift angle between each assembly of elements, so that rubbish is ground into molecule, and keep minim gap between the end of hammer crushing part and the striking cover plate inner surface, so that make rubbish and striking cover plate collision by stirring and rotating this end.
Herein, the overlapping width of striking cover plate equals the fillet width of the inner circumferential surface of shell upper, on the inner surface of striking cover plate, there are a plurality of grizzly bars outstanding, these grizzly bars are parallel to each other and be in line on whole length, and along cylindrical axially with respect to the angle of 0～45 ° of the axial maintenance of striking cover plate.
In addition, on the outer surface of striking cover plate, there are a plurality of gap adjustment connecting pieces outwards outstanding, this gap adjustment connecting piece passes shell and has screw thread, so as from the outside of shell regulate and the outer surface of the inner circumferential surface of fixed housing and striking cover plate between the gap.
Herein, the gap adjustment connecting piece comprises: the gap adjustment bolt that passes shell and striking cover plate, one end of each gap adjustment bolt is by the inner surface clamping of striking cover plate, and with the external peripheral surface of shell on outstanding locking nut thread connection, in order to regulate the position of striking cover plate; With the carrying bolt that passes shell, one end parts of each carrying bolt compresses the inner surface of striking cover plate, and with the external peripheral surface of shell on outstanding locking nut spiral marking connection, in order to the adjustment state of inside support striking cover plate and fixed support gap adjustment bolt.In this structure, the gap between the end of hammer crushing part and the grizzly bar of striking cover plate remains on 1～20mm usually.
In addition, vertical partition plate is crossed the side closure in the shell, but partially opens, and feasible top in the enclosure can be provided for forcing to discharge the floss hole of impurity, and the emissions adjustment plate is connected to a side of the floss hole of vertical partition plate, the size that is used to regulate floss hole.
In addition, the emissions adjustment plate forms in the following manner, and a plurality of projection correspondences are passed the vertical slotted hole that forms on the vertical partition plate, and is fixed to the position that needs by rising along these vertical slotted holes, and wherein vertical slotted hole is parallel with vertical partition plate; The inner surface of lever and emissions adjustment plate is hinged, and is projected into the outside of shell, so that the position of operator's manual adjustments emissions adjustment plate.
And, the hammer crushing part so forms: a plurality of have identical shaped hammer to pulverize the unit fixedly connected and keep predetermined drift angle, the heart is arranged with two block-shaped identical, that face with each other, the set squares that have driving shaft to pass in it in parallel with predetermined gap therein, between the angle point part of each set square, insert a pair of hammer that is essentially rectangle, connect by screw bolt and nut at relevant position, and be disposed radially respectively.
Herein, the hammer crushing part comprises three hammers pulverizing unit.These hammers are pulverized cell abutment and are coaxially arranged, and carry out overlapping and keep 40 ° drift angle between angle point with rotation status, and the angle point that makes each hammer pulverize the unit is arranged with uniform angle.The hammer crushing part is installed in the two end portions of driving shaft respectively, is used for rapid mobile rubbish.In a plurality of hammer crushing parts, each hammer pulverize unit evenly overlapping and adjacent rows be listed in coaxial on, be used for postponing to carry, so that garbage energy is fully pulverized at the core of shell.
In addition, the core of hammer crushing part is provided with the set square of predetermined thickness, inserts driving shaft in set square.Pulverize blade respectively with the bolted on connection of each the angle point part side that is positioned at set square.A plurality of slotted holes axially are formed on each and pulverize on blade along the set square side, are used for loose bolts and adjusting position.The hammer crushing part can in abutting connection with and be provided with regularly, form the predetermined drift angle on the driving shaft.
In addition, the hammer crushing part so forms, and the hammer that a plurality of shapes are identical is pulverized the fixedly connected and predetermined drift angle of maintenance, unit.Hammer is pulverized the unit and can so be formed, and is arranged with two block-shaped identical, that face with each other, the circular slabs that have driving shaft to pass in it in parallel with predetermined gap.A plurality of hammers are installed between the circular slab with predetermined space along circumference, and about the arranged in radial symmetry of driving shaft, connect by screw bolt and nut.
In addition, Porous Base preferably has the atresia flat part of close dividing plate in the end parts with preset width, makes the rebound floss hole of upside of impurity in grinding up the refuse.
In addition, preferably the end parts in the path of floss hole provides the dehydration pressafiner, sub-elects a spot of organic matter that discharges with impurity in order to disposable.
Simultaneously, in order to reach above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, a kind of method that sub-elects impurity from rubbish automatically is provided, comprise: when the rubbish that comprises impurity is loaded onto in the shell, carry, stir and grind up the refuse in a direction by rotating a plurality of hammer crushing parts, a plurality of hammers are installed in the end of hammer crushing part and have the drift angle, make the organic matter that comprises in the rubbish be ground into needs Porous Base big or small and that form by outer casing underpart and discharge; Simultaneously, the impurity of not pulverizing of will be not discharging by Porous Base is carried to a end parts in the shell continuously, arrive at the flat part of Porous Base up to not grinding up the refuse, make impurity and flat part and vertical partition plate bump, wherein only there is impurity to be sub-elected and be discharged into the outside automatically, this is because when the inwall of impurity and shell clashes into, and makes upwards bounce-back of impurity by the repulsive force that produces, and they are forced to discharge by the floss hole of the unique formation in top in the shell afterwards.
The generality that it should be understood that front of the present invention is described and specifying of back is exemplary with indicative, aims to provide as the desired further explanation of the present invention of claim.
Description of drawings
Read following detailed description in conjunction with the drawings and will be expressly understood other purposes of the present invention and advantage more, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, and the schematic structure of automatic pulverizing of rubbish according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention and screening installation is described;
Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view, illustrates according to the major part in the shell of automatic pulverizing of the rubbish of preferred implementation and screening installation;
Fig. 3 is a stereogram, and the structure according to the hammer crushing part of automatic pulverizing of the rubbish of preferred implementation and screening installation is described;
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view, and the internal structure according to automatic pulverizing of the rubbish of preferred implementation and screening installation is described;
Fig. 5 is a stereogram, and the external structure according to automatic pulverizing of rubbish of the present invention and screening installation is described;
Fig. 6 is a stereogram, and the another kind of embodiment according to the hammer crushing part of automatic pulverizing of rubbish of the present invention and screening installation is described;
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view, and the internal structure according to automatic pulverizing of the rubbish of embodiment among Fig. 6 and screening installation is described;
Fig. 8 is a stereogram, and the another kind of embodiment according to the hammer crushing part of automatic pulverizing of rubbish of the present invention and screening installation is described;
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view, and the internal structure according to automatic pulverizing of the rubbish of embodiment among Fig. 8 and screening installation is described;
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing and in conjunction with preferred implementation.For Reference numeral, identical Reference numeral is represented the counterpart in several secondary accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 to 5 is views of the structure of automatic pulverizing of the rubbish of explanation first kind of preferred implementation according to the present invention and screening installation.Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, illustrates that rubbish is pulverized automatically and the schematic structure of screening installation.Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view, illustrates that rubbish is automatically pulverized and major part that the shell of screening installation 10 is interior.Fig. 3 is a stereogram, illustrates that rubbish is pulverized automatically and the structure of the hammer crushing part 50 of screening installation.Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view, illustrates that rubbish is pulverized automatically and the internal structure of screening installation.Fig. 5 is a stereogram, illustrates that rubbish is pulverized automatically and the external structure of screening installation;
With reference to figure 1, rubbish of the present invention pulverizes automatically and screening installation comprises: shell 10, and it comprises funnel 11, is used to load the rubbish that comprises organic matter 1a and impurity 1b, with Porous Base 12 and floss hole 13, be used to discharge the organic matter 1a and the impurity 1b that sub-elect by pulverizing and sorting process; Striking cover plate 20 is used to clash into and pulverize the rubbish that is written into; Vertical partition plate 30 is used for Porous Base 12 and floss hole 13 are kept apart; Driving shaft 40 is rotatably fixed by passing shell 10 in the horizontal direction, is used for pulverizing the rubbish 1 that is written into sorting as driver; With a plurality of hammer crushing parts 50, be fixed on successively on the driving shaft 40, will be carried in the shell 10 by the rubbish 1 that funnel 11 is written into, be suitable for pulverizing with selectivity and carry the rubbish 1 that is written into.
That is to say that in automatic pulverizing of rubbish of the present invention and screening installation, shell 10 comprises: be positioned at the funnel 11 of its upside, be used to load the rubbish 1 that at first is ground into pre-sizing by the pulverizer (not shown) and contains various impurity; With Porous Base 12 and floss hole 13, be used for from the rubbish 1 that is written into by funnel 11 with organic matter 1a from impurity 1b from sub-electing.Striking cover plate 20 is installed to the part of the inner surface on shell 10 tops, is used to clash into and pulverize the rubbish 1 that is written into.Vertical partition plate 30 is installed to a side of shell 10 inside, is used for Porous Base 12 and floss hole 13 are kept apart.Driving shaft 40 passes shell 10 centers along the axial level of shell 10, and its two end portions reaches the both sides of shell 10 and rotatably supports by bearing 41, and is connected with the drive source (not shown) that can rotate this two end portions.A plurality of hammer crushing parts 50 are fixed on the driving shaft successively, tilt in succession, keep predetermined drift angle between unit block, so that rubbish 1 is ground into molecule, and keep minim gap between the end by making the hammer crushing part and the inner surface of striking cover plate 20, and the rotation end makes rubbish 1 and striking cover plate 20 bumps carry rubbish 1.
As shown in Figure 2, the striking cover plate 20 of hitting rubbish 1 is installed in the inside on shell 10 tops, so that will be loaded into the particle that shell 10 interior rubbish are ground into pre-sizing, and when driving shaft 40 rotations, it is carried by keeping the predetermined gap between hammer crushing part 50 and the striking cover plate 20.
Striking cover plate 20 overlapping width equal the predetermined fillet width of the inner circumferential surface on shell 10 tops.Be extruded with a plurality of grizzly bars 22 on the inner surface of striking cover plate body 21, these grizzly bars are parallel to each other, on whole length, be in line, and along cylindrical axial maintenance predetermined angular.
The angle that grizzly bar 22 is kept with respect to striking cover plate body 21 is between 0～45 °.On the outer surface of striking cover plate body 21, there are a plurality of gap adjustment connecting pieces 23 outwards outstanding, pass shell 10 and have screw thread, thereby make the gap between the outer surface of the inner circumferential surface of shell 10 and striking cover plate body 21 to regulate from the outside of shell.
When hammer crushing part 50 rotated with the rubbish in it, grizzly bar 22 was as the frictional resistance device.If grizzly bar 22 angles diminish, the load when then rotating increases, and the crushing effect that bump is produced is improved.
This gap adjustment connecting piece 23 can have arbitrary structures, in case as long as the inner wall surface that this structure can change shell 10 fix with the gap between the striking cover plate body 21 and this gap then can support this gap consistently.That is to say, as an example as shown in Figure 4, this gap adjustment hookup 23 comprises that a plurality of gap adjustment bolts 24 pass the center of striking cover plate 20 and shell 10, an end of each gap adjustment bolt is clamped in the inner surface of striking cover plate body 21, and tightens so that regulate the position of striking cover plate 20 by stop nut 24a outstanding on the external peripheral surface of shell 10; With a plurality of carrying bolts 25 that pass shell 10, an end of each carrying bolt is pressed on the outer surface of striking cover plate body 21, and tightens so that inwardly support the adjustment state of striking cover plate 20 and fixed support gap adjustment bolt 24 by stop nut 25a outstanding on the external peripheral surface of shell.As shown in Figure 5, a plurality of gap adjustment bolts 24 connect along the mid point longitudinally of striking cover plate 20, and a plurality of carrying bolt 25 connects with respect to the both sides longitudinally of gap adjustment bolt 24 along striking cover plate 20.
That is to say that a plurality of coupling nut 24b and 25b are placed on the precalculated position with even interval, make gap adjustment bolt 24 and carrying bolt 25 pass shell 10 and be fixed on the outer surface of shell 10. Stop nut 24a and 25a are arranged on the top of each coupling nut 24b and 25b, have spring washer 24c and 25c therebetween, and gap adjustment bolt 24 and carrying bolt 25 are therefrom passed through.
When long-time use equipment of the present invention, hammer crushing part 50 is promptly hammered 55 end wear into shape, thereby is difficult to keep the prescribed particle size of rubbish 1.At this moment, in order to keep predetermined gap, perhaps easily equipment is cleaned, perhaps because striking cover plate 20 wearing and tearing and the part that need update the equipment, gap adjustment connecting piece 22 is designed to tighten respectively or is loosening.
That is to say, promptly hammer 55 end wear into shape at hammer crushing part 50, thereby make hammer 55 end and the gap between the grizzly bar 22 than need big or small wide the time, when perhaps gap itself being regulated, will address this problem easily by rotary gap adjusting bolt 24 and carrying bolt 25 before and after the outside of shell 10 according to the characteristic needs of the rubbish 1 that is written into.That is, when needs dwindled the gap, the gap adjustment bolt 24 of center moved to the position of needs, thereby the position of striking cover plate 20 is moved inward.Then, the carrying bolt 25 of both sides rotates to predetermined space equably forward, so that support the outer surface of striking cover plate body 21.On the other hand, when needs enlarged the gap, the carrying bolt 25 of both sides rotated to the position that needs backward, so that keep suitable interval.Afterwards, the gap adjustment bolt 24 of center is rotation backward always, contacts with the fore-end of carrying bolt 25 up to the outer surface of striking cover plate body 21, fixes then.
In aforementioned structure, the grizzly bar 22 of striking cover plate 20 and the gap between the hammer crushing part 50 need be remained on 1～20mm.
In addition, a side of vertical partition plate 30 close shell 10 inside as shown in Figure 1, and partially open so that floss hole 13 can be set, this floss hole 13 can be to the top of shell 10 inside forced discharge impurity.Emissions adjustment plate 31 is connected so that regulate the size of floss hole 13 with a side of the floss hole 13 of vertical partition plate 30.
Have a plurality of projections 32 outstanding on the inner surface of emissions adjustment plate 31, and correspondence passes vertical slotted hole 31a, so that extend and be fixed to the position that needs along vertical slotted hole 31a, wherein slotted hole 31a is parallel is formed on the vertical partition plate 30.There is a lever 33 to be projected into the outside of shell 10 and is hinged to the outer surface of emissions adjustment plate 31, make the user can manually regulate the position of emissions adjustment plate 31.Being formed with screw thread and each nut (not shown) on the projection 32 connects.
According to said structure, can regulate the size of floss hole 13.In other words, the nut by the projection on loosening and the emissions adjustment plate 31 32 connects moves up and down emissions adjustment plate 31 along vertical slotted hole 31a, and then fastening nut, and makes the size that floss hole 13 has to be needed.
In addition, allow on the driving shaft 40 shown in Fig. 1 and 5 a plurality of hammer crushing parts 50 are installed, and be used for rotating these hammer crushing parts 50 at predetermined direction.Driving shaft 40 is rotatably supported by bearing 41, and its middle (center) bearing 41 overall fixed arrive the bottom of shell 10 and frame (not shown), and have flywheel 42 and pulley 43.The flywheel of making 42 has identical weight with pulley 43, to keep gravitational equilibrium, vibrates thereby prevent to move central appearance.The belt 43a that connects drive source (engine) is wrapped on the pulley 43, is used for transmitting power wherein.
Simultaneously, the hammer crushing part 50 shown in Fig. 1,2 and 3 so designs, and a plurality of hammers that shape is identical are pulverized unit 50a connections that be fixed, and keep being scheduled to the drift angle.In hammer is pulverized unit 50a, have two set squares 51 identical shaped and that face with each other and be arranged in parallel, have predetermined gap therebetween, and have driving shaft 40 to insert wherein.The a pair of hammer 55 that is substantially rectangular shape is inserted between each angle point part of set square 51, so that connect by the bolt 52 and the nut 53 of relevant position.Herein, each hammer 55 is with arranged radially.
Hammer crushing part 50 comprises three hammers and pulverizes unit 50a.Ideal situation be make hammer pulverize unit 50a with rotation status overlapping and on coaxial in abutting connection with arranging, and makes and keep 40 ° drift angle between each angle point, thereby the angle point that makes hammer pulverize unit 50a is arranged with homogeneous angular.Hammer crushing part 50 is installed in the two end portions of driving shaft 40 respectively, to guarantee that rubbish 1 is by the quick conveying of inside to floss hole.
In addition, the hammer crushing part comprises three hammers and pulverizes unit 50a, this hammer pulverize unit 50a evenly overlapping and adjacent rows be listed in coaxial on.This is in order to postpone the conveying of rubbish 1, fully to pulverize so that garbage energy is pulverized unit 50a at the core of shell 10 by hammer.Therefore, a plurality of hammers are pulverized the core that unit 50a is installed in driving shaft 40.
Simultaneously, Fig. 6 to 9 is the views that show other embodiments of the hammer crushing part 50 that adopts in automatic pulverizing of rubbish of the present invention and the screening installation.Fig. 6 and 7 shows that the stereogram of other embodiments with hammer crushing part of pulverizing blade 57 and the display application rubbish of embodiment in Fig. 6 is pulverized automatically and the cross-sectional view of the internal structure of screening installation.Fig. 8 and 9 be respectively show to use conventional plectane 51b hammer crushing part 50 another embodiment stereogram and show and the rubbish that is applied to embodiment among Fig. 8 is pulverized automatically and the cross-sectional view of the internal structure of screening installation.
At first, be provided with the set square 51a of predetermined thickness, insert driving shaft 40 in it according to the core of the hammer crushing part 50 of embodiment in Fig. 6 and 7.Pulverizing blade 57 connects with the bolt 52 of the side of each angle point that is positioned at set square 51a.A plurality of slotted holes 58 axially are formed on each and pulverize on blade 57 along set square 51a side, are used for loose bolts 52 and adjusting position.A plurality of hammer crushing parts 50 in abutting connection with and be arranged in regularly on the driving shaft 40, form predetermined drift angle.
The advantage of this embodiment is, because resistance is less when grinding up the refuse impurity in 1, to pulverize the energy that needs when blade 57 is pulverized very little so utilize.
And, form in the following manner according to the hammer crushing part 50 of embodiment in Fig. 8 and 9, having identical shaped a plurality of hammers, to pulverize unit 50b fixedly connected, keeps predetermined drift angle simultaneously.Pulverize among the unit 50b at hammer, two plectane 51b are set in parallel in the center that hammer is pulverized unit 50b, and it has identical shaped, face with each other, and keep predetermined gap between them, and insert driving shaft 40 in it.Each hammer 55 is installed between the plectane 51b along circumference with predetermined space.Each hammer 55 connects with bolt 52 and nut 53 radially with respect to driving shaft 40 symmetric arrays.
Do not limit aspect the drift angle that the hammer that aforementioned hammer crushing part 50 according to various embodiments connects in integral body is pulverized the quantitative aspects of unit and inter-module is provided with, can connect as required and have difform a plurality of unit.But at device interior set square 51 and 51a being set, to load and stir a large amount of rubbish be effective.
Simultaneously, Porous Base 12 has atresia flat part 12a, is formed on the end parts with preset width near vertical partition plate 30, thereby the feasible 1 interior impurity 1b that grinds up the refuse springs back to the floss hole 13 on top.This is in order to make bumps such as impurity 1b and flat part 12a, vertical partition plate 30, resilience then, thus be discharged to floss hole 13 reposefully.
As shown in Figure 1, at floss hole 13 paths, promptly the end portion of gathering sill 14 preferably provides the pressafiner 15 of dehydration usefulness so that disposablely sub-elect a small amount of organic matter 1a that discharges with impurity, and from impurity 1b with its separation.
Here, the mesh size of Porous Base 12, and have close relation between the gap length between the grizzly bar 22 of the hammer 55 of hammer crushing part 50 and striking cover plate 20.Specifically, along with reducing of gap between the grizzly bar 22 of the hammer 55 of hammer crushing part 50 and striking cover plate 20, the mesh size of Porous Base reduces with direct proportion.Because the size of pulverized particles is determined by the gap, Porous Base 12 should have minimum dimension so that pulverized particles is therefrom passed through.The gap length between the hammer 55 of hammer crushing part 50 and the grizzly bar 22 of striking cover plate 20 and the mesh size of Porous Base 12 are preferably between 1～20mm, and be as discussed previously.
Come the program of rubbish in automatic pulverizing of detailed interpretation process rubbish of the present invention and the screening installation and the method that from rubbish 1, sub-elects impurity automatically below with reference to Fig. 1.
In using refuse treatment plant of the present invention, need first treatment step, wherein the impurity 1b that comprises in rubbish 1 and the rubbish 1 at first is ground into the size of about 50mm by shredding machine.That is, the rubbish 1 that is ground into pre-sizing by shredding machine is stored in the storage tank (not shown).Next, predetermined quantity grind up the refuse 1 by unshowned constant feed appliance supply, and be loaded in the shell 10 by funnel 11 of the present invention.
The rubbish 1 that is loaded in the shell 10 by funnel falls to hammer crushing part 50, and this assembly is arranged on the end of driving shaft 40, keeps predetermined drift angle between each assembly, and driving shaft 40 rotates with predetermined direction, thereby rubbish 1 is transported in the shell 10 fast.Rubbish 1 is handled continuously with a kind of like this state, be rubbish at the hammer crushing part 50 of core and be arranged on to be ground between the striking cover plate 20 on shell 10 tops and need size that wherein hammer crushing part 50 is not to exist the drift angle between rotation and the parts at a high speed.Discharge by the Porous Base 12 that shell 10 bottoms form as the organic matter of rubbish 1 main component, protein etc., and fall in the holder (not having reference numerals) and pack.The various impurity 1b that do not pulverize in the rubbish 1 do not discharge by Porous Base 12, but be carried to the floss hole 13 on shell 10 tops by the hammer 55 of last hammer crushing part 50, wherein last hammer crushing part 50 is arranged on the other end of driving shaft 40, and keeps the drift angle between each parts.Subsequently, these impurity are forced to discharging by floss hole 13 along gathering sill, are discharged to the outside.
At this moment, a small amount of organic matter 1a that comprises among the impurity 1b carries out the pressure screening by pressafiner 15, makes organic matter 1a become coherent condition with impurity 1b, thereby they are separated each other fully.
Above-mentioned processing of the present invention can be summarized as follows.When the rubbish 1 that comprises among the impurity 1b is loaded in automatic pulverizing of rubbish and the screening installation by funnel 11, a plurality of hammer crushing parts 50 with a plurality of hammers 55 can rotate in its end, so that carry rubbish 1 and it is stirred and pulverizes at predetermined direction, a plurality of hammers 55 are arranged to have predetermined drift angle.Thus, the organic matter 1a that comprises in the rubbish 1 is ground into the needs size and discharges by the Porous Base 12 that shell 10 bottoms form.Remaining impurity 1b is not pulverized, so do not discharge by Porous Base 12.They are transported to the end of shell 10 inner sides continuously, arrive at the flat part 12a of Porous Base 12, then with flat part 12a and vertical partition plate 30 bumps.When the inwall of these impurity 1b and shell 10 bump, by the upwards bounce-back of repulsive force that produces, the floss hole of the unique setting in top by shell 10 inside is discharged afterwards.Based on this principle, only there is impurity to be sub-elected and be discharged into the outside automatically.
Industrial applicibility
As mentioned above, rubbish of the present invention is pulverized automatically and the advantage of screening installation is, because the processing of rubbish and equipment are that simplify and automatic, so can sharply reduce individual's cost and various processing and the maintenance cost that is used for the equipment operation.
Another advantage of the present invention is, owing to pulverize and assorting room is with the implementing with compulsory mode of physics, so can sharply shorten working hours by centrifugal force.
Another advantage of the present invention is, because organic matter crushing process and impurity assorting room carry out simultaneously, and organic matter and impurity discharge respectively, thus organic matter resource that can recycling preciousness, and can reduce the probability of makeing mistakes in the preprocessing process.
The present invention also has an advantage to be and since up to today still the garbage energy of intractable handled effectively, so the pollution that helps to control environment.
Though described the present invention with reference to the specific embodiment, the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of these embodiments, and is only limited by appended claims.What it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art is, can change and revises embodiment under the prerequisite that does not deviate from scope and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1, a kind of rubbish is pulverized and screening installation automatically, comprising:
The sealing shell that is divided into the upper and lower, its upside is formed with funnel, is used for loading the rubbish that comprises various impurity, and this rubbish at first is ground into pre-sizing by pulverizer; Be formed with Porous Base and floss hole on it, be used for that impurity in the rubbish sub-elects organic matter and with its discharge, this rubbish loads by funnel;
Striking cover plate is installed to the part of the inner surface of shell upper, is used to clash into the rubbish that is written into and with its pulverizing;
Be formed on the vertical partition plate of enclosure one side, be used for Porous Base and floss hole are kept apart;
Pass the driving shaft at shell center along the axial level of shell, its two ends are two side-prominent from shell, rotatably support by bearing, and are connected so that rotatable with drive source; With
A plurality of hammer crushing parts, these parts continuously and be fixedly mounted on the driving shaft, tilt in succession, keep predetermined drift angle between each assembly of elements, thereby rubbish is ground into molecule, and, stir and rotate described end and rubbish and striking cover plate are clashed into carry rubbish by between the inner surface of the end of hammer crushing part and striking cover plate, keeping minim gap.
2, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the overlapping width of striking cover plate is identical with the predetermined fillet width of the inner circumferential surface of shell upper, and a plurality of grizzly bars are set on the inner surface of striking cover plate, these grizzly bars are parallel to each other outstanding on whole length, and along cylindrical axial maintenance predetermined angular.
3, equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein grizzly bar is with respect to the angle of 0～45 ° of the axial formation of striking cover plate.
4, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein on the outer surface of striking cover plate, be formed with a plurality of outwards outstanding gap adjustment connecting pieces, these connecting pieces pass shell and regulate, in order to gap and the fixed interval (FI) between the inner circumferential surface of the outer surface of regulating striking cover plate from the outside of shell and shell.
5, equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the gap adjustment connecting piece comprises;
Pass the gap adjustment bolt of shell and striking cover plate, an end of each gap adjustment bolt is by the inner surface clamping of striking cover plate, and with the external peripheral surface of shell on outstanding locking nut thread connection, in order to regulate the position of striking cover plate; With
Pass the carrying bolt of shell, one end parts of each carrying bolt is pressed the inner surface of striking cover plate, and with the external peripheral surface of shell on outstanding locking nut spiral marking connection, be used for inwardly supporting the adjustment state of striking cover plate and fixed support gap adjustment bolt
Wherein the interval adjustable range between the end of grizzly bar and hammer crushing part is 1～20mm.
6, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein vertical partition plate is crossed the side closure in the shell, but partially opens, and feasible top in the enclosure is provided for the floss hole of forced discharge impurity; The emissions adjustment plate is connected to a side of the floss hole of vertical partition plate, the size that is used to regulate floss hole.
7, equipment as claimed in claim 6 wherein has a plurality of outstanding projections on the inner surface of emissions adjustment plate, these projection correspondences are passed the vertical slotted hole of parallel formation on the vertical partition plate, is fixed to the position that needs by rising along these vertical slotted holes; The inner surface of lever and emissions adjustment plate is hinged, makes lever be projected into the outside of shell, so that the position of operator's manual adjustments emissions adjustment plate.
8, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hammer crushing part so forms: a plurality of have identical shaped hammer to pulverize the unit fixedly connected and keep predetermined drift angle, the heart is arranged with two block-shaped identical, that face with each other, the set squares that have driving shaft to pass in it in parallel with predetermined gap therein, between the angle point part of each set square, insert a pair of hammer that is essentially rectangle, connect by screw bolt and nut at relevant position, and be disposed radially respectively.
9, equipment as claimed in claim 8, wherein the hammer crushing part comprises three hammers pulverizing unit, this hammer pulverize unit with rotation status overlapping and adjacent rows be listed in coaxial on, keep 40 ° drift angle between the angle point, the angle point that makes each hammer pulverize the unit is arranged with uniform angle.
10, equipment as claimed in claim 9, wherein the hammer crushing part is installed in the two end portions of driving shaft respectively, is used for carrying rapidly rubbish.
11, equipment as claimed in claim 8, wherein the hammer crushing part comprises that three hammers pulverize unit, each hammer pulverize unit evenly overlapping and adjacent rows be listed in coaxial on.
12, equipment as claimed in claim 11, wherein the core at driving shaft is equipped with a plurality of hammer crushing parts, realizes postponing to carry, and garbage energy is fully pulverized at the core of shell.
13, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the center of hammer crushing part has the set square of predetermined thickness, has driving shaft to insert in the set square; Have the pulverizing blade by bolted on connection in the side of each angle point part of set square, this pulverizing blade has a plurality of slotted holes along vertically therefrom the passing through of set square side, and is used for loose bolts and adjusting position; A plurality of hammer crushing part adjacent rows are listed on the driving shaft and form predetermined drift angle.
14, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hammer crushing part so forms: the hammer that a plurality of shapes are identical is pulverized the fixedly connected and predetermined drift angle of maintenance, unit, the heart is arranged with two block-shaped circular slabs identical, that face with each other, insertion driving shaft in it in parallel with predetermined gap therein, a plurality of hammers are installed between the circular slab with predetermined space along circumference, and, connect by screw bolt and nut about the arranged in radial symmetry of driving shaft.
15, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein Porous Base has the atresia flat part of close dividing plate in the end parts with preset width, makes the rebound floss hole on top of impurity in grinding up the refuse.
16, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the end parts in the path of floss hole also provides the dehydration pressafiner, sub-elects a spot of organic matter that discharges with impurity in order to disposable.
17, a kind of method that sub-elects impurity from rubbish automatically comprises:
When the rubbish that comprises impurity is loaded onto in the shell, carry, stir and grind up the refuse in a direction by rotating a plurality of hammer crushing parts, a plurality of hammers are installed in the end of hammer crushing part and have the drift angle, make the organic matter that comprises in the rubbish be ground into needs Porous Base big or small and that form by outer casing underpart and discharge; Simultaneously,
Will be not the impurity of not pulverizing by the Porous Base discharging be carried to a end parts in the shell continuously, arrive at the flat part of Porous Base up to the rubbish of not pulverizing, impurity and flat part and vertical partition plate are clashed into,
Wherein only have impurity to be sub-elected and be discharged into the outside automatically, this is because when the inwall of impurity and shell clashes into, and makes upwards bounce-back of impurity by the repulsive force that produces, and they are forced to discharge by the floss hole of the unique formation in top in the shell afterwards.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR2001/23223 | 2001-04-28 | ||
| KR10-2001-0023223A KR100441917B1 (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2001-04-28 | Automatic crushing and sorting equipment of garbage and method for sorting out foreign substance in the garbage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1503697A true CN1503697A (en) | 2004-06-09 |
| CN1275697C CN1275697C (en) | 2006-09-20 |
Family
ID=19708861
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB028085299A Expired - Fee Related CN1275697C (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2002-04-25 | Automatic crushnig and sorting equipment of garbage and method for sorting out foreign substance in the garbage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2004521736A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100441917B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1275697C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002087768A1 (en) |
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| CN115350768B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-09-15 | 北京市首发天人生态景观有限公司 | Portable gardens discarded object classification crushing apparatus |
| CN116020610A (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-04-28 | 河北速腾建筑工程有限公司 | Stone crushing device for building construction |
| CN117888860A (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-04-16 | 常州大学 | Polar region drilling abandonment detritus innocent treatment system and device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004521736A (en) | 2004-07-22 |
| CN1275697C (en) | 2006-09-20 |
| WO2002087768A8 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
| KR100441917B1 (en) | 2004-07-30 |
| WO2002087768A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
| KR20010068155A (en) | 2001-07-13 |
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