CN1502965A - 热交换器 - Google Patents
热交换器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1502965A CN1502965A CNA2003101183393A CN200310118339A CN1502965A CN 1502965 A CN1502965 A CN 1502965A CN A2003101183393 A CNA2003101183393 A CN A2003101183393A CN 200310118339 A CN200310118339 A CN 200310118339A CN 1502965 A CN1502965 A CN 1502965A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14598—Coating tubular articles
- B29C45/14614—Joining tubular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14311—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles using means for bonding the coating to the articles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
- F28F21/067—Details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
- F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
- F28F9/162—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by using bonding or sealing substances, e.g. adhesives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
- F28F2255/14—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded
- F28F2255/143—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded injection molded
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种热交换器(2),它具有多个并排延伸的交换器管(3-6)。它们的端部段(7)密封地定位固定在作为一个散热和/或集热室(13)的间接组成部件的管基底(8)中。具有一个圆周方向的法兰(9)的管基底(8)由一种耐压和耐高温的塑料(24)制成。交换器管(3-6)配备有圆周方向的防拉件(17-20)且被浇铸在管基底(8)中。此外,在法兰(9)中固定有螺纹套筒(10)。管基底(8)和法兰(9)另外还配备有加固件(12)。端部段(7)在管基底(8)中的定位固定是在一个模型(21)中进行的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有如权利要求1的前序部分所述特征的热交换器。
背景技术
这样一种热交换器已知有不同的实施形式。交换器管可以由金属或塑料制成且做成至少部分加筋的。
为将交换器管的端部段定位固定在作为散热和/或集热室的至少为间接的组成部件的管基底上,可在管基底打上孔,从而将端部段密封地焊在或压折在这些孔中。这种将交换器管固定在管基底中的做法需要很高的费用。首先要求剪裁出一个管基底,然后对该管基底进行加工并在管基底上打上所需数量的孔。接着必须将交换器管的端部段固定在这些孔中。除了这种高额加工费用之外,还并非总是能确保在孔和交换器管的端部段之间的缝隙中没有缝隙腐蚀的产生。
当在上述情况中涉及的是并排延伸的交换器管时,那么它们可以相互平行延伸或者必要时相互成一角度延伸。另外,交换器管也可以至少部分地按波形曲线延伸。
散热和/或集热室通常如下地构造:它们通过可取下的盖子能够接近交换器管,从而能进行检查和清扫。
发明内容
从现有技术出发,本发明的任务是提供一种热交换器,它能在较短的时间内以较小的加工费用进行制造。
这一任务是通过权利要求1的特征部分所述的特征来实现的。
根据本发明,每个管基底现在只是由一种耐压和耐高温的塑料制成。这样的一种塑料能够经受一种最高约100℃的连续工作环境以及最高200℃的短时间工作环境。最高压力可升至约100bar。
交换器管的端部段可配备有圆周方向的防拉件,这样能使它们可靠地固定在管基底位置上。
与现有技术相比,本发明现在仅需要一个加工步骤,以将端部预加工好的交换器管固定在一个管基底上。此外,用本发明还能防止在管基底上产生缝隙腐蚀。另外也可以对位于端部的管基底间的交换器管实施一种防腐蚀措施,交换器管的形式可以比如采用镀锌层或一种双金属管。
交换器管可以采用由钢、钒、铜或黄铜材料制成的光滑的和加筋的金属管。也可以采用由聚丙烯、聚氨酯或PEX(交联聚乙烯)制成的塑料管。管基底采用的塑料可以是PU(聚氨酯)、PP(聚丙烯)、合成树脂、环氧树脂或一种交联PU(聚氨酯)。
管基底的构造是任意的且取决于所涉及的是何种热交换器。亦即管基底可以是圆形的或者是矩形的。
本发明为如下的目的提供前提条件,即得到较小的管束重量,从而能降低支架的费用。还能快速地制备备用件。
本发明用在气体/液体热交换器中是特别优越的,其中在交换器管中流入一种液体介质且交换器管在圆周方向上被冷却气体所环流。
根据权利要求2的特征,各管基底被做成槽形且分别设有一个圆周方向的法兰,其中浇铸或注塑有一些金属螺纹套筒。这一改进形式为如下的目的提供前提条件,即,除了到盖子外,能够以单件或多件的形式,必要时也带有隔离壁,将散热和/或集热室能与管基底加工成一体。盖子能经螺纹套筒和螺栓与圆周法兰密封连接。
因此,现在根据权利要求3,管基底可以设置有一些具有法兰的金属支撑管。亦即,用于不同介质的入流和出流装置同样能直接或间接地与管基底密封且无腐蚀间隙地连接在一起。
为了使管基底或者还有散热和/或集热室能经受一个高压,根据权利要求4的特征,管基底以及必要时还有法兰设置有加固件。该加固件可以由玻璃纤维、金属丝或碳纤维形成。
在权利要求5的特征中,提供了一种能将防拉件构筑在交换器管的端部段上的可能性。根据该特征,将防拉件通过圆周压槽来形成。
防拉件的另一种实施形式为权利要求6的内容。其中涉及漏斗形卷边。
根据权利要求7,防拉件由固接于交换器管的端部段圆周上的环形件组成。
最后根据权利要求8,也可以将交换器管的端部段进行表面打毛处理,以能将其位置确定地固定在塑料基底中。
权利要求9的特征描述了一种用于制造具有并排延伸的交换器管的热交换器的方法。根据该特征,首先,在交换器管的端部段圆周方向上设置防拉件。其次,将交换器管以其各自的结构在垂直位置上对准到一个浇铸或注塑模中,该浇铸或注塑模根据所需的管基底轮廓进行设计。在对准步骤之后,用耐压和/或耐高温的塑料对端部段进行浇铸或注塑。在塑料冷却后,可进行脱模。在浇铸或注塑之前或期间,可同时引入加固件和/或也可另外在管基底上安装圆周方向的法兰的情况下,在管基底中嵌入带法兰的支撑管以及螺纹套筒。
附图说明
以下根据附图中所示优选实施例来进一步描述本发明。附图中:
图1为一个采取4种不同实施形式的热交换器端部区域的垂直纵剖面图;
图2为图1的热交换器沿直线II-II的箭头IIa方向所看到的一个视图;
图3为用于制造一种热交换器的固定热交换管的管基底的装置的垂直剖面图。
具体实施方式
在图1中用数字1来表示一个在其他方面没有详细表示和叙述的热交换器2的端部段,它具有多个并排延伸的交换器管3-6,交换器管3-6的端部段7被定位固定地浇铸在一个塑料制成的管基底8中(还请参见图2)。各管基底8做成为槽形且设有一个圆周方向的法兰9,在其中浇铸有金属螺纹套筒10。此外在法兰9的端面上设有一环形定心凸缘11。
在管基底8和法兰9中延伸有稳定用加固件12。
通过管基底8和法兰9组成一个散热和/或集热室13,它可由一个盖子14密封关闭。为此在螺纹套筒10中使用可旋入的螺栓15,它们在图中仅仅用中心线来表示。
两个交换器管3的定位固定采取如下措施实现:交换器管3的外表面16设置有圆周方向的打毛层17。
在交换器管4中圆周上固定有一些环形件18,它们构成防拉件。
在交换器管5中,防拉件通过漏斗形卷边19形成在端部段7上。
在交换器管6的情况下,防拉件通过圆周方向压槽20形成。
为制造如图1和2所示的带法兰9的管基底8并且为了将交换器管3-6定位固定,采用一个图3所示的铸模21,它具有一个与待加工的带法兰9的管基底8相匹配的内轮廓25。
在将防拉件17-20制造在交换器管3-6的端部段7上之后,将它们在垂直方向上与位于铸模21中的端部段7对准。之后,将螺纹套筒10定位固定并装入防拉件12。条件可能的话,也可再将至少一个带法兰23的支撑管22进行定位固定。
紧接着在铸模中浇铸可固化的塑料24。在塑料固化后,交换器管3-6的端部段7定位固定在管基底8中,防拉件12定位固定在管基底8以及法兰9中,而螺纹套筒10以及支撑管22则定位固定在法兰9中。
数字标记列表
1- 2的端部段
2- 热交换器
3- 交换器管
4- 交换器管
5- 交换器管
6- 交换器管
7- 3-6的端部段
8- 管基底
9- 法兰
10- 9中的螺纹套筒
11- 定心凸缘
12- 防拉件
13- 散热/集热室
14- 盖子
15- 螺栓
16- 3的外表面
17- 16上的打毛层
18- 4上的环形件
19- 5上的卷边
20- 6上的压槽
21- 铸模
22- 支撑管
23- 21上的法兰
24- 塑料
25- 21的内轮廓
Claims (9)
1.一种热交换器,它具有多个并排延伸的交换器管(3-6),它们的端部段(7)密封地定位固定在作为至少是散热和/或集热室(13)的间接组成部件的管基底(8)中,其特征为:各管基底(8)由一种耐压和耐高温的塑料(24)制成,设有圆周方向防拉件(17-20)的交换器管(3-6)的端部段(7)浇铸或注塑在所述管基底中。
2.如权利要求1所述的热交换器,其特征为:各管基底(8)设计成槽形且分别设置有一个圆周方向的法兰(9),其中浇铸或注塑有金属螺纹套筒(10)。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的热交换器,其特征为:管基底(8)设置有具有法兰(23)的金属支撑管(22)。
4.如权利要求1-3之一所述的热交换器,其特征为:管基底(8)以及必要时还有法兰(9)设置有加固件(12)。
5.如权利要求1-4之一所述的热交换器,其特征为:防拉件(20)通过压槽形成在交换器管(6)的端部段(7)上。
6.如权利要求1-4之一所述的热交换器,其特征为:防拉件(19)通过漏斗形卷边形成在交换器管(5)的端部段(7)上。
7.如权利要求1-4之一所述的热交换器,其特征为:防拉件(18)通过圆周固定的环形件形成在交换器管(4)的端部段(7)上。
8.如权利要求1-4之一所述的热交换器,其特征为:防拉件(17)通过外表面(16)的圆周方向的打毛层(17)形成在交换器管(3)的端部段(7)上。
9.一种用来制造带有并排延伸的交换器管(3-6)的热交换器(2)的方法,交换器管(3-6)的端部段(7)定位固定在管基底(8)中,其特征为:在交换器管(3-6)的端部段(7)圆周方向上设置防拉件(17-20),然后将交换器管在垂直位置上对准在一个铸模或注塑模(21)中,此后再用一种耐压和耐高温的塑料(24)进行浇铸或注塑。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10254797A DE10254797B4 (de) | 2002-11-22 | 2002-11-22 | Wärmeaustauscher |
DE10254797.1 | 2002-11-22 |
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CN1502965A true CN1502965A (zh) | 2004-06-09 |
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CNA2003101183393A Pending CN1502965A (zh) | 2002-11-22 | 2003-11-21 | 热交换器 |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US6929060B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1422489A3 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20040045337A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1502965A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE10254797B4 (zh) |
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CN102985779A (zh) * | 2010-05-06 | 2013-03-20 | 热矩阵集团有限公司 | 热交换器管板、热交换器以及制造热交换器管板的方法 |
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DE102009050884A1 (de) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-04-28 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Abgaswärmetauscher |
US10094219B2 (en) | 2010-03-04 | 2018-10-09 | X Development Llc | Adiabatic salt energy storage |
US8819916B2 (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2014-09-02 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for making a tube bundle |
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US9039814B2 (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2015-05-26 | Saes Pure Gas, Inc. | System and method for welding a plurality of small diameter palladium alloy tubes to a common base plate in a space efficient manner |
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-
2003
- 2003-10-17 EP EP03023407A patent/EP1422489A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-11-18 US US10/717,200 patent/US6929060B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-21 KR KR1020030082814A patent/KR20040045337A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-11-21 CN CNA2003101183393A patent/CN1502965A/zh active Pending
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CN102985779A (zh) * | 2010-05-06 | 2013-03-20 | 热矩阵集团有限公司 | 热交换器管板、热交换器以及制造热交换器管板的方法 |
CN102985779B (zh) * | 2010-05-06 | 2016-02-17 | 热矩阵集团有限公司 | 热交换器管板、热交换器以及制造热交换器管板的方法 |
CN102607321A (zh) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-07-25 | 宁波久源润滑设备制造有限公司 | 换热器及其制作方法 |
CN106716037A (zh) * | 2014-09-17 | 2017-05-24 | 马勒国际公司 | 换热器和用于制造换热器的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1422489A3 (de) | 2010-03-31 |
US20050051314A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
DE10254797B4 (de) | 2004-11-18 |
KR20040045337A (ko) | 2004-06-01 |
US6929060B2 (en) | 2005-08-16 |
EP1422489A2 (de) | 2004-05-26 |
DE10254797A1 (de) | 2004-06-17 |
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