CN1501871A - 车辆的透明车顶构件 - Google Patents

车辆的透明车顶构件 Download PDF

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CN1501871A
CN1501871A CNA028066243A CN02806624A CN1501871A CN 1501871 A CN1501871 A CN 1501871A CN A028066243 A CNA028066243 A CN A028066243A CN 02806624 A CN02806624 A CN 02806624A CN 1501871 A CN1501871 A CN 1501871A
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CN1270933C (zh
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全永一
全相郁
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10055Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10366Reinforcements of the laminated safety glass or glazing against impact or intrusion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10376Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
    • B32B17/10412Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires for reinforcement
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10486Variable transmission photochromic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B32B17/10504Liquid crystal layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60JWINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J3/00Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
    • B60J3/04Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles adjustable in transparency
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/06Fixed roofs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41HARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/013Mounting or securing armour plates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41HARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02Plate construction
    • F41H5/04Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41HARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/26Peepholes; Windows; Loopholes
    • F41H5/263Mounting of transparent armoured panels, e.g. bulletproof windows on vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用在车辆上的透明车顶构件,其包括:一车顶玻璃(100),该车顶玻璃包括一强化网层(112)和一夹网玻璃层(110),夹网玻璃层是由分别被制在强化网层上表面和下表面上的一第一玻璃层(114)和一第二玻璃层(116)构成的;一立柱玻璃(200),其是由夹网玻璃层(110)构成的,并从车顶玻璃(100)的前端拐角处斜向下延伸;一风挡(300),其是由透明玻璃制成的,并从车顶玻璃(100)的前端、以及立柱玻璃(200)的内侧端延伸出;一支撑体(500),其包括一具有一玻璃接合槽(512)的支固部分(510),风挡(300)的下部接合到该接合槽中,并包括一接合部分(520),其从支固部分(510)延伸出。

Description

车辆的透明车顶构件
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆的一种结构,更具体来讲,本发明涉及一种不带有前柱或后柱的车辆结构。
背景技术
通常,车辆是由一底盘和一车身构成的。“底盘”这一概念通常是指除车辆车身之外的那些部件,其包括车架、发动机、驱动力传动装置、悬挂装置、转向装置以及制动装置。车身是指车辆的基本构架。在乘用轿车、双门小汽车等的大多数车辆类型中,采用了硬壳式承载车身,在这样的车身中,车顶构架、立柱、主构架等部分被制成一体。
如图10所示,车顶围柱由三对立柱支撑着,所述的三对立柱例如为A柱、B柱、以及C柱。在两A柱之间安装着风挡玻璃,在两C柱之间则安装了一个后窗。
此处,由于A柱和C柱分别被制在驾驶座的两侧和乘员座的两侧,从而如图11所示,就会形成一些盲区。因而,当驾驶员将车辆向某一特定方向转向时、或者在泊车时,由于存在盲区,所以不可能具有开阔的视野,从而,车辆可能发生事故,由此使车辆的事故发生率提高。
另外,近些年来出现了增强车辆外观运动感、并降低空气阻力的趋势。人们采用了减小A柱宽度和角度的设计方案。在此情况下,是不可能提高驾驶座和乘员座的乘坐舒适感的。因而,当发生撞车事故或翻车事故时,不可能在驾驶座和乘员座的环周形成令人满意的保护***。
发明内容
因而,本发明的第一个目的是提供一种用于车辆的透明车顶构件,其可解决现有技术所存在的问题。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种用于车辆的透明车顶构件,其通过在车辆的前向和后向形成开阔的视野而提高了驾驶的安全性。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种用于车辆的透明车顶构件,其通过增大车顶的支撑力而满足乘坐舒适感和环周保护***的要求。
本发明的第四个目的是提供一种用于车辆的透明车顶构件,其可简化车辆的车身制造过程,从而提高生产率,并使对被分隔为环框的车顶构件进行的维护工作更为简单。
本发明的第五个目的是提供一种用于车辆的透明车顶构件,其具有良好的耐久性、抗热性、隔热性以及隔音性。
本发明的第六个目的是提供一种用于车辆的透明车顶构件,其利用自然光而获得自然的内部照明,从而可营造良好的驾乘环境。
为了实现上述目的,本文提供了一种用在车辆上的透明车顶构件,其包括:一车顶玻璃,该车顶玻璃包括一强化网层和一夹网玻璃层,夹网玻璃层是由一第一玻璃层和一第二玻璃层构成的,两玻璃层分别被制在强化网层的上表面和下表面上;一立柱玻璃,其是由夹网玻璃层构成的,并从车顶玻璃的前端拐角处斜向下延伸;一风挡,其是由透明玻璃制成的,并从车顶玻璃的前端、以及立柱玻璃的内侧端延伸出;一支撑体,其包括一具有一玻璃接合槽的支固部分,风挡的下部接合到该接合槽中,并包括一接合部分,其从支固部分延伸出,且具有多个支撑体接合孔,它们被制在接合部分的宽度方向上;以及环框,其分别被安装到车顶玻璃、立柱玻璃、风挡以及后车窗的各个侧边中。
附图说明
参照附图可更好地理解本发明,其中的附图仅是示例性的,并不对本发明进行限定,其中:
图1是一轴测图,表示了根据本发明第一实施方式的、用在车辆上的透明车顶构件;
图2是一侧视图,表示了一个车辆,在该车辆上带有根据本发明第一实施方式的透明车顶构件;
图3是一个已分解开的轴测图,表示了根据本发明第一实施方式的透明车顶构件的前部接合状态;
图4是一剖面图,表示了根据本发明第一实施方式的透明车顶构件;
图5表示了根据本发明第一实施方式的车顶玻璃与B柱处于接合状态时的结构;
图6是一车辆的前视轴测图,该车辆上安装有根据本发明第一实施方式的透明车顶构件;
图7是一车辆的后视轴测图,其带有根据本发明第一实施方式的透明车顶构件;
图8是一透明车顶构件的剖面图,该车顶构件是基于本发明的实施例而设计的;
图9是一车辆的轴测图,该车辆上带有根据本发明第二实施例的透明车顶构件;
图10中的侧视图表示了一种常规车辆的结构;以及
图11中的视图表示了由A柱和C柱形成的驾驶员盲区。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图对发明的优选实施例进行描述。
图1是一轴测视图,表示了一种根据本发明第一实施例的、用在车辆上的透明车顶构件,图2是一侧视图,表示了带有根据本发明第一实施例的透明车顶构件的车辆,图3是一个分解开的轴测图,表示了根据本发明第一实施例的透明车顶构件的前部接合状态,图4是根据本发明第一实施方式的透明车顶构件的剖视图。
如图所示,根据本发明第一实施例的透明车顶构件包括一车顶玻璃100、一立柱玻璃200、一风挡300、一后车窗400、一支撑体500以及一环框600。
车顶玻璃100被制成透明的结构,其作为车辆的车顶。车顶玻璃100包括一强化网层112、以及一夹网玻璃层113,其中的夹网玻璃层是由第一玻璃层114和第二玻璃层116构成的,两玻璃层分别位于强化网层112的上表面和下表面上。强化网层112是以这样的方式制出的:按照一定的间隔将金属丝线或增强纤维线交织到一起而形成网状的结构,从而强化网层112将不会影响驾驶员的视野,并能支撑着车顶玻璃100的构架。另外,在车顶玻璃100两侧端部的中央部分上制有多个接合孔102。当车顶玻璃与B柱接合时,一个要被接合的元件穿过这些接合孔102。
第一玻璃层114和第二玻璃层116是由从如下材料组中选出的一种材料制成的:苯乙烯玻璃、聚碳酸酯、强化塑料、以及钢化玻璃。优选地是,第一玻璃层114和第二玻璃层116是由苯乙烯玻璃制成的。相比于钢化玻璃,苯乙烯玻璃的强度是其强度的150倍,与压克力(Acryl)材料相比,其强度也有其40倍,且苯乙烯玻璃具有优异的机械拉伸强度和弯曲强度,并具有很高的耐热性和透光率,其适于制造根据本发明的弯曲表面和车顶玻璃。除了夹网玻璃层112之外,还可在车顶玻璃100上增设多个功能层。下文将参照附图8对车顶玻璃100的叠层结构作详细描述。
立柱玻璃200是由可支承车顶玻璃100垂向重量的透明部件制成的。立柱玻璃200是由夹网玻璃层制成的,在该玻璃层中,与车顶玻璃100类似,在两玻璃层之间制有强化网层,立柱玻璃从车顶玻璃100的各个拐角向下延伸。立柱玻璃200包括一强化网层,与车顶玻璃100类似,该强化网层是通过按一定间隔将丝线交织起来而形成的结构,其用于提高玻璃的内部强度,且不会影响到驾驶员的视野。
风挡300是一透明的玻璃,其被安装在车辆的前表面上,并从车顶玻璃100的前端、以及立柱玻璃200的内侧端延伸出。风挡300不带有强化网层,以便于使所获得的视野状况不同于车顶玻璃100和立柱玻璃200的视野。也就是说,风挡是仅由透明的玻璃制成的。风挡300最好是用苯乙烯玻璃制得的。风挡300可支承着车顶玻璃100前侧的重量。
后车窗400是由透明的玻璃制成的,其被安装到车辆的后侧中,并从车顶玻璃的后端、以及立柱玻璃的内侧端延伸出。后车窗400不带有强化网层,以使得驾驶员的后向视野不同于车顶玻璃100和立柱玻璃200的视野。后车窗400最好是用苯乙烯玻璃制得的。后车窗400支承着车顶玻璃100后侧的重量。
支撑体500是由环框600的一个接合支撑件构成的,该支撑件作为一个与环框600相连接的接合部件,用于将透明的车顶构件接合到车辆的车身上。支撑体500包括:一支固部分510,其具有一玻璃接合槽512,风挡300和后车窗400的下部接合到该接合槽512中;一接合部分520,其从支固部分510延伸出;以及多个支撑体接合孔530,它们被制在接合部分520的宽度方向上。利用接合元件550将支撑体500接合到车身中制出的下构架700上,其中的接合元件550接合到接合部分520的支撑体接合孔530中。
支撑体500优选地是用金属材料制成的。可在玻璃接合槽512中插置一密封条540,以便于在与风挡300和后车窗400接合时可实现密封。支撑体500通过接合元件550与制在车身上的下构架700相接合,接合元件550接合到接合部分520的支撑体接合孔530中。下构架700包括一下方弯折部分710,这一部分的上部被制成台阶形状,在该下弯折部分710的宽度方向上制有多个接合孔720。用于将支撑体500固定到下构架700上的接合元件550可以是螺钉或螺栓。在本发明的其它实施例中,也可采用铆钉或焊接的方法。
环框600是一增强部件,其被安装在车顶玻璃100和立柱玻璃200的各个侧端中,并被安装在风挡300和后车窗400的下部中,用于增强一透明玻璃的外部结构,其中的透明玻璃是指根据本发明的透明车顶构件。环框600可保持车顶玻璃100和立柱玻璃200的基本结构,并保护它们的边沿,以防止车顶玻璃100和立柱玻璃200与门框等相邻构架直接接触。环框600为沟道的形状,其环绕着车顶玻璃100和立柱玻璃200侧向端部的外侧部分,并环绕着风挡300和后车窗400下端的外侧部分,由此而支撑着透明车顶构件的外周部分。环框600优选地是用金属材料制成的,用于保持着透明车顶玻璃的基础结构,并保护车顶玻璃的侧边部分,以防止边缘由于受到外界冲击而损坏。可在环框600的内侧中***一橡胶密封条540,用于在金属环框与玻璃之间实现密封状态,并增大缓冲效果。还可在环框600侧面的两外侧设置橡胶密封条或型条,它们环绕着风挡300、立柱玻璃200以及车顶玻璃100,从而防止与门框等相邻构架直接接触,并实现了密封状态。
下构架700包括一个下弯折部分710,其上部被制成台阶形状,并在该下弯折部分710的宽度方向上制有多个接合孔720。
图5中的视图表示了根据本发明第一实施例的车顶玻璃与B柱在处于接合状态时的结构。如图所示,在垂直方向上,根据本发明第一实施例的车顶玻璃100是由制在各个拐角处的立柱玻璃、以及B柱170(中间立柱)支撑着的。在车顶玻璃100侧面端的中间部分上安装一沟道状的型条180。可用螺栓190和螺帽192等某些接合元件来将型条180、车顶玻璃100和B柱170接合到一起。在本发明的另一实施例中,也可用焊接的方法将上述的各个元件接合到一起。
图6中的前视轴测图表示了一辆汽车,其带有根据本发明第一实施例的透明车顶构件,且图7中的后视轴测图表示了一辆汽车,其带有根据本发明第一实施例的透明车顶构件。
如图所示,在带有根据本发明第一实施例的透明车顶构件的车辆上,风挡、后车窗、以及车顶和立柱都是用透明部件制成的。因而,在车辆的前向、后向、侧向以及向上的方向上,不存在由常规的非透明立柱和车顶造成的盲区,因而,本发明能实现开阔的视野。
图8中的剖面图表示了根据本发明一应用实例的透明车顶结构。如图所示,根据本发明的透明车顶结构包括:一第一玻璃层114、一第二玻璃层116、以及一夹网玻璃层110,其中的夹网玻璃层是由一强化网层112构成的,其被制在第一玻璃层114与第二玻璃层116之间。
强化网层112具有将结构增强的作用,用于维持根据本发明的透明车顶构件的基本功能,其是用金属丝或增强纤维制成的,金属丝或增强纤维在受到外界冲击时不会发生变形,从而可承受外界冲击作用。
在第一玻璃层114的上表面上制有一空气层120和一第三玻璃层130。空气层120提高了驾乘舒适性,且当受到外界冲击时,还具有防弹层的作用。
还可在第三玻璃层130的上表面上制有一感光玻璃层140,还可在感光玻璃层140的上表面设置一红外线反射玻璃层150。通过在玻璃上涂敷一种氧化物,使得感光玻璃层140的颜色可根据光线的强度而变化。也就是说,当紫外线被透入时,该玻璃层会变为紫色、且变暗。如果紫外线未透入,则玻璃层的颜色就会变为原始的透明状态。红外线反射玻璃层150通过对太阳光线进行反射来影响红外线,从而可提高对车内进行加温和制冷的效率。红外线反射玻璃层150的功效是利用一种薄膜的干涉现象、以及构成该薄膜的金属的反射率特性而实现的,其中的薄膜被贴接到玻璃的表面上。可通过在玻璃的表面上喷涂一种溶液而制成该红外线反射玻璃层150,其中的溶液内含有金属氧化物、钛、锡等材料。
还可在第二玻璃层116的底面上设置一液晶玻璃层160。该液晶玻璃层160可根据是否向其通电而变为透明或不透明的,该液晶玻璃层是由一玻璃层构成的,该玻璃层中密封了液晶分子。通过将一液晶薄膜贴接到一导电的透明薄膜上、并将一玻璃板粘接到外层上,就可制出该液晶玻璃层160。液晶薄膜可防止玻璃的裂溅。
图9中的轴测图表示了一台车辆,该车辆上安装有根据本发明第二实施方式的透明车顶构件。如图所示,根据本发明的透明车顶构件也适用于公共汽车等车辆。
在用于公共汽车的情况中,透明的车顶构件是由一车顶玻璃、一风挡以及一前立柱玻璃构成的,而不带有后车窗。另外,利用中间的立柱支撑着车顶玻璃的垂向重量。
在本发明的应用实例中,只有风挡和前立柱是由整体的透明部件制成的。也就是说,风挡和前立柱是用苯乙烯玻璃制成的,风挡的上部和下部、以及立柱的两横向端被环框环绕着,环框的上、下支撑体与车架相接合,这样,整体式的透明部件就支撑着车顶的前部,并具有前风挡的作用,且不带有矩形的支撑件。
如上所述,在根据本发明的、用于车辆的透明车顶构件中,由于使驾驶员具有开阔的前向视野、后向视野、以及上方视野,所以可防止在驾驶车辆时由于存在盲区而造成交通事故。
在根据本发明的透明车顶构件中,通过设置重量偏向支撑结构、并通过增强车顶的支撑力,可实现良好的驾乘舒适感,并满足环周保护***的要求。
在根据本发明的透明车顶构件中,可简化车身的制造过程,并减少制造步骤。因而,可降低车辆的制造成本。
在根据本发明的透明车顶构件中,可减轻车辆的自重,从而可减小能量消耗,提高经济性。
在根据本发明的透明车顶构件中,可用自然光线进行车内照明,从而可提高驾乘的舒适性。
由于可在不悖离本发明主要设计思想的前提下利用多种方式来实施本发明,所以应当理解:除非特别指出,上述的实施例并不受具体结构和前叙内容的限制,而是在权利要求书限定的设计思想和保护范围内,可宽泛地进行实施,因而,所有落在权利要求书的要求和限定之内、或这些要求与限定等效形式之内的变型和改动都应当被权利要求书所涵盖。

Claims (5)

1.一种用在车辆上的透明车顶构件,其包括:
车顶玻璃,该车顶玻璃包括一强化网层和一夹网玻璃层,夹网玻璃层是由一第一玻璃层和一第二玻璃层构成的,两玻璃层分别被制在强化网层的上表面和下表面上;
立柱玻璃,其是由夹网玻璃层构成的,并从车顶玻璃的前端拐角处斜向下延伸;
风挡,其是由透明玻璃制成的,并从车顶玻璃的前端、以及立柱玻璃的内侧端延伸出;
支撑体,其包括:一具有一玻璃接合槽的支固部分,风挡的下部接合到该接合槽中;一接合部分,其从支固部分延伸出,且具有多个支撑体接合孔,它们被制在接合部分的宽度方向上;以及
环框,其分别被安装到车顶玻璃、立柱玻璃、风挡以及后车窗的各个侧边中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的结构,其特征在于:所述第一玻璃层和第二玻璃层是由从以下材料组中选出的一种材料制成的:苯乙烯玻璃、强化塑料、以及钢化玻璃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的结构,其特征在于:在车顶玻璃第一玻璃层的上表面上制有一空气层和一第三玻璃层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的结构,其特征在于:在第三玻璃层的上表面上制有一感光玻璃层,并在感光玻璃层的上表面上制有一红外线反射玻璃层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的结构,其特征在于:在第二玻璃层的底面上制有一液晶玻璃层,其可根据是否被通电而变为透明状态或非透明状态。
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DE60208002T2 (de) 2006-08-24
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CN1270933C (zh) 2006-08-23
ATE312748T1 (de) 2005-12-15
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DE60208002D1 (de) 2006-01-19
US6793277B2 (en) 2004-09-21
AU2002233796B2 (en) 2004-07-15
EP1370457B1 (en) 2005-12-14
WO2002072408A1 (en) 2002-09-19
RU2260537C2 (ru) 2005-09-20
CA2440959A1 (en) 2002-09-19
KR20020072839A (ko) 2002-09-19

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