CN1348352A - 化妆品组合物 - Google Patents
化妆品组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1348352A CN1348352A CN99816572A CN99816572A CN1348352A CN 1348352 A CN1348352 A CN 1348352A CN 99816572 A CN99816572 A CN 99816572A CN 99816572 A CN99816572 A CN 99816572A CN 1348352 A CN1348352 A CN 1348352A
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- Prior art keywords
- sensation
- agent
- cool
- compositions
- nice
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- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
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- 239000001871 (1R,2R,5S)-5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexan-1-ol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- UJNOLBSYLSYIBM-WISYIIOYSA-N [(1r,2s,5r)-5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylcyclohexyl] (2r)-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@@H](C)O UJNOLBSYLSYIBM-WISYIIOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940095045 isopulegol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 26
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- HBTAOSGHCXUEKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-n,n-dimethyl-3-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 HBTAOSGHCXUEKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/37—Esters of carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/34—Alcohols
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/20—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of the composition as a whole
- A61K2800/24—Thermal properties
- A61K2800/244—Endothermic; Cooling; Cooling sensation
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种在皮肤上产生持久凉爽效应的感觉组合物。所述组合物是乳酸薄荷酯、异胡薄荷醇和氧基丙二醇的一种组合,后者提供凉爽增强效应。可以制备掺入所述感觉组合物的化妆品组合物。
Description
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及用神经感受器皮肤刺激萜烯混合物配制的化妆品组合物。
相关技术
躯体感觉使我们的身体能够感觉疼痛，并且对温度变化进行反应。当遍布全身的皮肤感受器由于机械、物理或化学接触而被刺激时，许多反应就发生了。不同的感受器负责不同的刺激；这些可被分为痛觉、压觉或温度变化。对于面部感觉存在特殊途径。三叉神经位于脸的右侧。它一直延伸到耳外、耳下并向面颊区分出。适当配制的化妆品组合物可以刺激所述感受器，产生非常确定的愉快效应。
最古老的刺激物之一是1-薄荷醇；它对皮肤产生一种凉爽感觉。薄荷醇和相关萜烯类并不通过潜冷(latent cool)效应真正地冷却。实际上它们加强皮肤内神经末梢对冷的知觉，使得皮肤表面“感觉冷”。使用薄荷醇的问题是超过一定浓度，它就引起烧灼感和瘙痒感。
澳大利亚专利申请81846/98描述了使皮肤产生凉爽/干燥感觉而无任何烧灼感或异味的清凉粉(coolant powders)。所述活性***基于一种或更多种包括乳酸薄荷酯和异胡薄荷醇在内的活性物的组合。
人们一直在设法获得表现出改良特性的新凉爽剂(coolingagent)。感兴趣的属性是无气味、无味、较低烧灼感和增强的凉爽效应。
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种感觉混合剂(sensatecocktail)，当将所述感觉混合剂掺入化妆品组合物中时，将增强皮肤的愉快感觉，而将皮肤不愉快感觉降至最低。
本发明的另一个目的是提供用改良的感觉混合剂配制的使得对皮肤产生快速而持久愉快感觉的化妆品组合物。
考虑下文概括说明和详细描述，本发明的这些目的和其它目的将更加显而易见。
发明概述
提供一种感觉组合物，它包括：
(i)作为凉爽剂的乳酸薄荷酯；
(ii)作为感觉延长剂(sensory extender)的异胡薄荷醇；和
(iii)作为凉爽强化剂(cooling enhancer)的氧基丙二醇(menthoxypropanediol)。发明详述
现在已经发现，用乳酸薄荷酯、异胡薄荷醇和氧基丙二醇的组合，可以以高度愉快方式刺激感觉意识。乳酸薄荷酯起凉爽剂作用、异胡薄荷醇作为感觉延长剂与其相互作用，而氧基丙二醇增强所述组合的凉爽感觉。可以将所述感觉组合物应用于各种各样的化妆品。最具体地说，它们适用于护肤膏和护肤蜜。然而，这些感觉组合物将对以下用品具有适用性：护齿用品(漱口剂、牙膏、牙线)、护发用品(香波、头发调理剂、美发胶和美发喷剂)、剃须用品(泡沫剃须膏、剃须后的护肤蜜)、腋下用品(抑汗剂和祛臭剂)、个人洗涤用品(香皂和洁身洗液)、香水和科隆香水、护唇用品(口红和唇香膏)，所有的所述实例仅是说明性的。
因此，按照本发明的感觉组合物中第一种必需组分是乳酸薄荷酯组分。所述物质的分子量为228，实验式为C13H24O3。它可得自Haarmann&Reimer Corporation，商标为Frescolot Type ML。
按照本发明的感觉组合物中第二种必需组分是异胡薄荷醇、尤其是1-异胡薄荷醇组分。该材料的化学名称为5-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙烯基)-环己醇，分子量为154，分子式为C10H18O。它可得自TakasagoInternational Corporation，Rockleigh，New Jersey，商标为Coolact P。
按照本发明的感觉组合物中第三种必需组分是氧基丙二醇组分。该材料在化学上鉴定为3-[[5-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙基)环己基]氧基]-1，2-丙二醇，分子量为230，实验式为C13H26O3。该物质可得自TakasakoInternational Corporation，商标Cooling Agent10。
异胡薄荷醇和乳酸薄荷酯每种的量范围可以为其中加入所述感觉组合物的化妆品组合物重量的0.0001-2％，优选为0.005-1％，更优选为0.01-0.5％，最优选为0.05-0.2％。在所述感觉组合物和化妆品组合物中乳酸薄荷酯和异胡薄荷醇的相对重量比的范围可以为1,000∶1至1∶100，优选为100∶1至1∶20，更优选为50∶1至1∶1，最优选为20∶1至2∶1。
氧基丙二醇的量范围可以为其中加入所述感觉组合物的化妆品组合物重量的0.0001-2％，优选为0.005-1％，更优选为0.01-0.5％，最优选为0.05-0.2％。在相对重量基础上，乳酸薄荷酯和异胡薄荷醇的组合相对于氧基丙二醇的相对重量比的范围可以为1,000∶1至1∶100，优选为100∶1至1∶20，更优选为50∶1至1∶1，最优选为20∶1至2∶1。
可以将本发明的感觉组合物配制到化妆品组合物中。感觉组合物和化妆品组合物将包含相当大量的化妆品可接受的载体以传递所述感觉组合物。所述载体的含量可以为10-99.99％，优选为50-99.9％，最优选为98-99％(重量)。因为迄今为止大多实验已在护肤用品上进行，所以下文将描述涉及这些用品的化妆品可接受的载体。然而，适于其它类型化妆品的许多载体对于化学工作者是熟知的，并且可以对所述感觉组合物进行适当地配制。
所谓“化妆品可接受的载体”是指选自水、多元醇、硅氧烷液体、酯类、烃类和无机粉末的物质的任一种或组合。
适用于本发明的多元醇可以包括丙二醇、一缩二丙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚乙二醇、山梨糖醇、羟丙基山梨糖醇、己二醇、1，3-丁二醇、1，2，6-己三醇、丙三醇、乙氧基化丙三醇、丙氧基化丙三醇、木糖醇及其混合物。
本发明的组合物中还可以包括作为载体的硅油。这些油类可以是不挥发油或挥发油。可用于本发明组合物中的不挥发硅油的实例是聚烷基硅氧烷、聚烷芳基硅氧烷和聚醚硅氧烷共聚物。可用于本文中的基本上不挥发的聚烷基硅氧烷包括例如在25℃下粘度为约5至约100,000厘沲的聚二甲基硅氧烷。这类聚烷基硅氧烷包括Viscasil系列(由General Electric Company销售)和Dow Corning 200系列(由DowCorning Corporation销售)。聚烷芳基硅氧烷包括在25℃下粘度为约15至约65厘沲的聚(甲基苯基)硅氧烷。这些聚(甲基-苯基)硅氧烷是可得到的，例如为SF-1075甲基苯基液体(由General Electric Company销售)和556化妆品级流体(Cometic Grade Fluid)(由Dow CorningCorporation销售)。有用的聚醚硅氧烷共聚物包括例如在25℃下粘度为约1200至1500厘沲的聚氧化烯基醚共聚物。这样的液体可作为SF-1066有机硅氧烷表面活性剂(由General Electric Company销售)得到。十六烷基聚二甲基硅氧烷共聚醇和十六烷基聚二甲基硅氧烷是特别优选的，因为这些材料也可作为乳化剂和润肤剂起作用。前一材料可得自Goldschmidt AG，商标为Abil EM-90。
还可以包括作为载体的交联硅氧烷高弹体。通常这些物质可以具有的平均分子量超过10,000，优选超过一百万，最优选的范围为10,000至二千万。所述高弹体可以由聚氧化烯单位构成，或者它们可以属于不含这些单位的“非乳化”种类。这些物质可得自Grant IndustriesInc.、Dow-Corning Corporation和General Electric Company。它们已知为CTFA名称的交联十八烷基甲基-二甲基硅氧烷共聚物、聚硅氧烷-11和乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷/聚甲基硅氧烷交联共聚物。
也可以使用不挥发的硅氧烷。该类硅氧烷的实例是分子式为(CH3)2SiO)x的环聚二甲基硅氧烷液体，其中x代表3-6的整数。该环硅氧烷的沸点将低于250℃，在25℃下的粘度低于10厘泊。环甲基硅酮是这类材料的常用名。四聚物和五聚物环甲基硅酮作为DC 244和DC 344可商业性得自Dow Corning Corporation。
还可将酯类掺入到所述化妆品组合物中作为药学上可接受的载体。其中所述酯类有：
(1)具有10-20个碳原子的脂肪酸的烷基酯。脂肪酸的甲酯、异丙酯和丁酯可用于此中。实例包括月桂酸己酯、月桂酸异己酯、棕榈酸异己酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、油酸癸酯、油酸异癸酯、硬脂酸十六烷基酯、硬脂酸癸酯、异硬脂酸异丙酯、己二酸二异丙酯、己二酸二异己酯、己二酸二己癸酯、癸二酸二异丙酯、乳酸月桂酯、乳酸肉豆蔻酯和乳酸鲸蜡酯。特别优选的是苯甲酸C12-C15醇酯。
(2)具有10-20个碳原子的脂肪酸的链烯酯。其实例包括肉豆蔻酸油酯、硬脂酸油酯和油酸油酯。
(3)醚-酯类，例如乙氧基化脂肪族醇的脂肪酸酯。
(4)多元醇酯类。乙二醇单脂肪酸酯和乙二醇双脂肪酸酯、二甘醇单脂肪酸酯和二甘醇双脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇(200-6000)单脂肪酸酯和聚乙二醇(200-6000)双脂肪酸酯、聚甘油多脂肪酸酯、乙氧基化单硬脂酸甘油酯、1，3-丁二醇单硬脂酸酯、1，3-丁二醇二硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯多元醇脂肪酸酯、失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯和聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯都是令人满意的多元醇酯。
(5)蜡酯，例如蜂蜡、鲸蜡、肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯、硬脂酸十八酯。
(6)甾醇类酯，其中胆甾醇脂肪酸酯是它们的实例。
烃类也可用作药学上可接受的载体。该类烃的实例是矿物油、聚α-烯烃类、凡士林异链烷烃、聚丁烯及其混合物。
无机粉末是实用的载体。实例包括粘土(例如蒙脱石、水辉石、Laponite和膨润土)、滑石粉、云母、硅石、氧化铝、沸石、硫酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、硫酸钙及其混合物。
所述载体可以是液体、半固体(例如蜡)、粉末和气溶胶的形式。蜡***可以基于硅氧烷化学、烃类和酯类。实例包括小烛树蜡、地蜡、山萮基硅氧烷、微晶聚乙烯及其混合物。
气溶胶喷射剂通常基于挥发性烃类，例如丙烷、丁烷、异丁烷、戊烷、异戊烷及其混合物。Phillips Petroleum Company是商标包括A31、A32和A51在内的这类喷射剂的一个来源。包括氟代烃的卤化碳和二甲醚是更广泛应用的喷射剂。
在本发明的化妆品组合物中还可以包括少量添加剂成分。这些成分可以选自防腐剂、香料、消泡剂、遮光剂、着色剂及其混合物，每种成分以其有效量完成其相应的功能。
以下实施例将更全面地说明本发明的实施方案。除非另有说明，所有此中以及所附权利要求书中所指的份数、百分比和比例按所述组合物的重量计。
实施例1
进行一系列感受试验(taste test)，以评价感觉物(sensates)在单纯(simple)化妆品雪花膏中的效应。基料配方概述于表I中。表I基料配方
表II加入到基料配方中的感觉成分(％)
表III感觉
| 成分 | 重量％ |
| 环甲基硅酮 | 36.0 |
| 环甲基硅酮中的交联硅氧烷高弹体(25％活性物) | 24.0 |
| 丙二醇 | 20.5 |
| 聚乙二醇200 | 10.5 |
| 二甲基异山梨醇 | 2.0 |
| 抗坏血酸 | 5.0 |
| 鲸蜡基聚二甲基硅氧烷共聚醇 | 0.8 |
| 水 | 余量 |
| 样品 | 感觉成分(重量％) | ||
| 异胡薄荷醇 | 乳酸薄荷酯 | 氧基丙二醇 | |
| A | 1.0 | -- | -- |
| B | 0.1 | 0.5 | -- |
| C | 0.3 | 0.5 | -- |
| D | 0.5 | 0.5 | -- |
| E | -- | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| F | -- | 0.5 | -- |
| G | -- | 0.75 | -- |
| H | -- | 1.0 | -- |
| I | -- | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| J | 0.02 | 0.1 | 0.08 |
| 样品 | 感觉 |
| A | 非常轻微的凉爽 |
| B | 凉爽 |
| C | 凉爽 |
| D | 凉爽 |
| E | 凉爽 |
| F | 凉爽 |
| G | 烧灼 |
| H | 烧灼 |
| I | 凉爽 |
| J | 持续凉爽 |
样品A中所示异胡薄荷醇仅为所述雪花膏基料配方提供非常轻微的凉爽效应。异胡薄荷醇与乳酸薄荷酯的组合在提供短暂凉爽时是有效的。参见样品D。当单独使用乳酸薄荷酯的水平增加直至0.75％时，产生烧灼感。参见样品G和H。用乳酸薄荷酯、异胡薄荷醇和氧基丙二醇的组合获得持续凉爽。参见样品J。
实施例2
进行临床试验以评价感觉物在概述于表I中的基料配方中的效应。所述试验包括50名一组的妇女(年龄35-65)。样品是盲法编号。一种样品在早晨试验，另一种样品在晚上试验。试验组成员将掺入感觉成分的基料配方涂抹在她们的脸上和/或颈部。涂抹后分别在10分钟和30分钟完成调查表。所述感觉成分组合物的成分见于表IV中，结果记录在表V中。表IV加入到基料配方中的感觉成分(％)
表V
| 感觉成分 | 样品(重量％) | |
| A | B | |
| 异胡薄荷醇 | -- | 0.02 |
| 乳酸薄荷酯 | 0.5 | 0.1 |
| 氧基丙二醇 | 0.1 | 0.08 |
| 10分钟感觉 | 30分钟感觉 | |||
| 样品A | 样品B | 样品A | 样品B | |
| 经历感觉的实验组成员％ | 100％(N＝26) | 75％(N＝24) | 100％(N＝26) | 79％(N＝24) |
| 愉快感觉％ | 57％ | 76％ | 55％ | 81％ |
| 不愉快感觉％ | 41％ | 21％ | 43％ | 16％ |
试验组成员使用样品B后有明显更愉快感觉以及明显较少不愉快感觉。在所述愉快感觉中有凉爽感觉和麻刺感觉。不愉快感觉包括烧灼感、刺痛感和发热感。试验组成员可能也感觉到极其高水平的麻刺感和凉爽感，为不愉快感觉。
上述描述和实施例说明本发明选定的实施方案。
Claims (8)
1.一种感觉组合物，它包含
(i)作为凉爽剂的乳酸薄荷酯；
(ii)作为感觉延长剂的异胡薄荷醇；和
(iii)作为凉爽强化剂的氧基丙二醇。
2.按照权利要求1的组合物，其中所述凉爽剂、感觉延长剂和凉爽强化剂每种的存在量为所述组合物重量的0.0001-2％。
3.按照权利要求2的组合物，其中所述凉爽剂、感觉延长剂和凉爽强化剂每种的存在量为所述组合物重量的0.01-0.5％。
4.按照任一前述权利要求的组合物，其中所述凉爽剂和感觉延长剂存在的重量比范围为1,000∶1至1∶100。
5.按照权利要求4的组合物，其中所述重量比为100∶1至1∶20。
6.按照任一前述权利要求的组合物，其中所述凉爽剂和感觉延长剂的组合相对于所述凉爽强化剂存在的相对重量比为1000∶1至1∶100。
7.按照权利要求6的组合物，其中所述相对重量比为50∶1至1∶1。
8.一种化妆品组合物，它包含：
(A)一种感觉组合物，它包含；
(i)作为凉爽剂的乳酸薄荷酯；
(ii)作为感觉延长剂的异胡薄荷醇；和
(iii)作为凉爽强化剂的氧基丙二醇；
(B)一种化妆品可接受的载体，用于传递所述感觉组合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12978299P | 1999-04-16 | 1999-04-16 | |
| US60/129,782 | 1999-04-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1348352A true CN1348352A (zh) | 2002-05-08 |
Family
ID=22441576
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99816572A Pending CN1348352A (zh) | 1999-04-16 | 1999-12-02 | 化妆品组合物 |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US6267974B1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1169011B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP4138257B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100634247B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1348352A (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR023453A1 (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE263541T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU752674B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9917261B1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2361845C (zh) |
| CZ (1) | CZ301698B6 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69916329T2 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2217858T3 (zh) |
| HK (1) | HK1042845B (zh) |
| ID (1) | ID30313A (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA01010344A (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL197857B1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2229282C2 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI224008B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2000062737A1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200106408B (zh) |
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| CN104274342A (zh) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-14 | 吴文兵 | 一种通过植物萃取的防治疲劳驾驶的精华露 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102036716A (zh) * | 2008-05-22 | 2011-04-27 | 奇华顿股份有限公司 | 清凉组合物 |
| CN102036716B (zh) * | 2008-05-22 | 2016-02-10 | 奇华顿股份有限公司 | 清凉组合物 |
| CN104274342A (zh) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-14 | 吴文兵 | 一种通过植物萃取的防治疲劳驾驶的精华露 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ20013724A3 (cs) | 2002-03-13 |
| DE69916329D1 (de) | 2004-05-13 |
| CA2361845A1 (en) | 2000-10-26 |
| PL197857B1 (pl) | 2008-05-30 |
| EP1169011B1 (en) | 2004-04-07 |
| ID30313A (id) | 2001-11-22 |
| ATE263541T1 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
| HK1042845B (zh) | 2004-12-03 |
| AU752674B2 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
| HK1042845A1 (en) | 2002-08-30 |
| KR20010114242A (ko) | 2001-12-31 |
| MXPA01010344A (es) | 2002-03-27 |
| EP1169011A1 (en) | 2002-01-09 |
| BR9917261A (pt) | 2002-01-08 |
| KR100634247B1 (ko) | 2006-10-17 |
| WO2000062737A1 (en) | 2000-10-26 |
| AR023453A1 (es) | 2002-09-04 |
| US6267974B1 (en) | 2001-07-31 |
| AU1863600A (en) | 2000-11-02 |
| ZA200106408B (en) | 2002-08-05 |
| RU2229282C2 (ru) | 2004-05-27 |
| TWI224008B (en) | 2004-11-21 |
| CZ301698B6 (cs) | 2010-05-26 |
| CA2361845C (en) | 2008-06-10 |
| ES2217858T3 (es) | 2004-11-01 |
| BR9917261B1 (pt) | 2010-12-28 |
| PL349282A1 (en) | 2002-07-15 |
| JP2002542176A (ja) | 2002-12-10 |
| JP4138257B2 (ja) | 2008-08-27 |
| DE69916329T2 (de) | 2004-08-26 |
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