CN1348013A - Multiple molten pool oxygen steel-making furnace for iron core reducing melting and its technological process - Google Patents
Multiple molten pool oxygen steel-making furnace for iron core reducing melting and its technological process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1348013A CN1348013A CN 00129770 CN00129770A CN1348013A CN 1348013 A CN1348013 A CN 1348013A CN 00129770 CN00129770 CN 00129770 CN 00129770 A CN00129770 A CN 00129770A CN 1348013 A CN1348013 A CN 1348013A
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Abstract
Pellet or natural ore is similar amount is first smelted into molten crude steel in sponge iron furnace and smelting furnace of the present invention and the molten crude steel is further smelted into steel in multiple molten pool oxygen furnace. High temperature gas produced during reduction smelting and steel making is used in a closed state for heating furnace material, roasting pellet and burning in afterheat boiler to produce high pressure steam for power generation. Finally, the hot fume is led to dedusting bin for dedusting and preheating furnace material before exhaustion. The present invention can obtain the effects of saving power and water, low cost, high yield and no pollution.
Description
The present invention is to be the metallurgical device of furnace charge large scale continuous prod steel with pellet or suitable natural ore deposit.
Now,, in prolonging usefulness and self-perfection process for a long time, developed into, the needs of steel and iron have been made major contribution for satisfying human society than proven technique based on the existing process for producing steel and iron of iron-smelting blast furnace, top-blown oxygen converter.
But top-blown oxygen converter relies on blast-melted steel-making; Blast-melted dependence coke is produced.And coke coking coal coking, coking coal is one of current coal that the property asked is the deficientest entirely, 10% of the not enough world of its reserves coal reserves, be in for a long time again in the excessive exploitation out of control, also have, coking, a large amount of obnoxious flavoures are discharged in ironmaking in process of production, environmental protection organization of United Nations has been to cause one of principal element of asking chamber warm in nature effect entirely with its example, that is to say that existing its survival and development of iron and steel technology are being faced with the puzzlement and row's war of serious resource and environmental issue, in addition, top-blown oxygen converter adopts mechanical smoke extraction for single stove fascinates periodically to produce, to making steel a large amount of high-temperature furnace gas that produced, can't accomplish that raw state shifts and utilization continuously, but also huge facility and the water of input that will spend huge sums carries out control emission, and prior art also has serious energy water waste problem except that above-mentioned resource environment protection problem in other words.
The objective of the invention is, provide a kind of without coking coal, without coke, also need not be blast-melted, and directly with making furnace charge in pellet or suitable natural ore deposit, be the new technology of the extensive reducing and smelting continuously of energy steel-making with self-produced waste heat: " many molten baths of reducing and smelting iron ore oxygen steelmaking stove and technology thereof ".
The scheme that adopts for above-mentioned purpose the present invention is: six significant combining of subsystem have been constituted " many molten baths of reducing and smelting iron ore oxygen steelmaking stove ".These six subsystems are respectively: " many molten baths oxygen steelmaking stove " abbreviation " many molten baths stove ", " waste heat hot metal mixer ", " oxygen melting furnace ", " sponge iron shaft furnace " abbreviation " sponge iron furnace ".And " the flue residue heat steam boiler " of fume exhaust system and " injection smoke evacuation dedusting feed bin " etc.
The logistics of " reducing and smelting iron ore oxygen steelmaking stove ", the hot-fluid flow process is: through the pellet of preheating and drying, be transported to the sponge iron shaft furnace by the dedusting feed bin, process preheating in the sponge iron furnace, roasting soaking and coal are bathed reduction and are produced the pelletizing sponge iron in enormous quantities, then screen out the dry linting material through combing down totally-enclosed, band heat is sent in the high temperature feed bin of melting furnace continuously, after strengthening heating, the high temperature furnace charge is pushed in the molten bath of oxygen melting furnace successively, with the rapid fusion of oxygen gun blowing, liquid slag is regularly discharged, liquid metal flows into the hot metal mixer molten bath by bath bottom reflection tap hole, in order to satisfy the needs of oxygen steelmaking, the melten iron in hot-metal mixer carbon content optionally adds high-carbon through arrangement and returns powder and carry out appropriateness adjustment.Steely iron water is put into the tundish that can fascinate by the reflection iron notch in advance, then stands the iron mouth and is blended into steel melting furnace and smelts into steel.
The high-temperature furnace gas that steel-making produces, by hot metal mixer water conservancy diversion flue stream to the hot metal mixer molten bath, prolong the molten bath surface current again to the other end burner, enter melting furnace top along uptake, enter the high temperature feed bin in the lump with the melting furnace high-temperature furnace gas, the coal gas of high temperature of sponge iron furnace generation is meanwhile also sent into the high temperature feed bin from discharge port one end by gas main, thereby three big energy hot-fluids converge and burn at this, together furnace charge is strengthened heating with the melting furnace oxygen blast flame that sucks, then enter waste heat boiler and proceed the property controlled burning from the high temperature feed bin, its temperature in is controlled at about 1600 ℃, temperature out is controlled at about 800 ℃, and all coal gas all will be burnt in boiler.Exhaust-heat boiler flue gas adopts constant voltage operation to be controlled automatically by the injection blower fan fully.At last, all flue gases enter the dedusting feed bin by the injection blower fan, see through the bed of material again and enter in the factory building of the totally enclosed stock ground of large space, by a large amount of cloth bags with ventilator or chimney emptying.From then on " many molten baths of reducing and smelting iron ore oxygen steelmaking stove " finally finished by the whole process of ore deposit to steel by the conversion of logistics hot-fluid.
Because the present invention is a totally enclosed high-temperature systems, its waste heat has obtained reclaiming to greatest extent and utilizing in transfer process, it not only is the oxidation of total system, reduction, fusion and steelmaking process provide the sufficient energy, and high-temperature furnace gas has obtained cooling and purification in shifting utilization, from then on a large amount of waters of Steel Plant and water pollution problems and drop into huge purification facility and power-equipment carries out the flue gas cool-down dedusting, and the hard nut to crack that environmental pollution still can not get solving all will become history, but need not be blast-melted without coke without coking coal, and with the technology that steel-making of iron ore and a spot of coal reducing and smelting and self-heating are generated electricity, also will become a reality very soon.The steel that also has the present invention to produce is full sponge iron steel, the good cost of high purity quality is low, according to the practice of reaction narrow-necked earthen jar method and the use sponge iron steel-making of electric furnace factory, by calculating, only make one in furnace charge than using blast-melted steel-making with iron ore, the furnace charge cost has reduced more than 30%.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, and Fig. 1 is technical process of the present invention and device structure form sectional view.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is connected by " many molten baths oxygen steelmaking stove " 1, " waste heat hot metal mixer " 2, " oxygen melting furnace " 3, " sponge iron shaft furnace " 4, " flue residue heat boiler " 5 and " injection smoke evacuation dedusting feed bin " 6 and forms.
Many molten baths oxygen furnace 1 among Fig. 1 is a steel melting furnace that two or more molten baths are arranged, and each molten bath can both independent operation steel-making.Many molten baths oxygen steelmaking stove 1 mainly is made of body of heater 11 furnace crowns 12 two portions, and body of heater 1 is the association of two or three single bodies of heater normally.Each single-unit furnace all has corresponding tapping, is subjected to iron and the closed handle hole slag notch etc. of holding concurrently.All there is corresponding oxygen rifle hole in each molten bath on furnace crown 12, diffusing shape material hole, furnace lining, stove shape, heat size oxygen rifle are selected for use identical substantially with equal top-blown oxygen converter with smelting operation, different is that single-unit furnace furnace shell top is square body, the middle and lower part is a garden shape, but furnace bottom has handle sturcture to be fixed on the tray of rectilinear translation, extensible in case of necessity substitute, furnace crown 12 is that a rectangular cell body button of suspension type vault is placed on the conjuncted stove fire door, furnace crown 12 1 ends and hot metal mixer 2 water conservancy diversion flue UNICOMs, all the other position sealings.Adopt the purpose of many molten baths steel melting furnace 1, be for utilizing molten steel to contain the feature of constant substantially and furnace gas CO content height 〉=86% of＞0.2% o'clock composition of fumes of [C] amount, adopted Oxygen Furnace Steel and tapping are handed in each molten bath, can carry the higher high-temperature furnace gas of CO content continuously to closed system, accelerated the tapping frequency simultaneously, help continuous casting and steel rolling continuously, help dwindling found the factory investment and equipment scale, change 30t three molten bath stoves into as hundred tons of stoves, the overhead traveling crane that is equipped with will narrow down to 60t by 200t, and mill construction basis and auxiliary equipment all dwindle corresponding, and also having many molten baths stove 1 is a closed system, a molten bath tapping, other molten bath is at Oxygen Furnace Steel.A large amount of waste heats that steel-making produces influence each other each other and utilize, and tapping back temperature of furnace lining maintains the condition of high temperature all the time, can enter reaction between carbon and oxygen very soon after molten iron is blended into, and nothing waits the iron phenomenon, and the no temperature raising time, no cold operation does not have big spray accident.
" waste heat hot metal mixer " 2 among Fig. 1 is actually the open hearth of an end heat supply, the burner two ends dissolve stove 3 with oxygen respectively and " many molten baths steel melting furnace " 1 perforation is connected, a large amount of high-temperature furnace gas that steel-making produces, suitable inclination water conservancy diversion flue stream is to the molten bath, prolong weld pool surface again and flow to the other end burner, enter " oxygen melting furnace " 3 through uptake and converge with the melting furnace furnace gas.Hot metal mixer 2 adopts the reflection iron notch, and molten iron is blended into steel melting furnace by tundish, and a closed handle hole is arranged before the hot metal mixer 2.The main effect of hot metal mixer is to store the modified insulation molten iron of soaking, adjustment balance context.
" oxygen melting furnace " 3 among Fig. 1 is made of high temperature feed bin 31 and melting furnace 32 two portions.High temperature feed bin 31 is that a high-temperature furnace gas is concentrated the big volume storing flue that passes through.One end connects with melting furnace 32 opening for feeds and is connected, and the other end is connected with one or many high-order sponge iron shaft furnace 4 blow tanks sealings with flue residue heat steam boiler 5.
The pelletizing sponge iron enters high temperature feed bin 31 backs and is slowly pushed to melting furnace 32 baths by reciprocal vaporization cooling pushing device 33, and with steel-making, dissolve the high-temperature furnace gas convection current that stove 32 is come, and the lid that flame is carried out that is produced by a large amount of incendiary shaft furnace coal gas and melting furnace 32 bath lancings.Almost concentrated all waste heats that furnace charge is strengthened heating here.
Melting furnace 32 its molten baths are bigger constant volume molten baths of thermal capacity, do not cause that for reinforced bath temperature has big fluctuation, make every effort to accomplish quick and stable material and temperature raising, require reinforced batch, reinforced number of times, coordinate to set with the warm bath temperature of material.Molten bath temperature drop after common every batch of material adds ≯ 100 ℃.
Melting furnace 32 tap holes communicate with hot metal mixer 2 and are positioned at slope, hot metal mixer 2 molten bath top, are the place that the steel-making high-temperature furnace gas passes through here, and the process that the overflow molten steel flows into the molten bath along the stove slope is also made steel the process of high-temperature furnace gas heating.Tap hole bottom ladle canal communicates with bottom, melting furnace molten bath, is " U " shape communicating vessels passage, and when bath surface raise, bottom, molten bath molten steel can prolong duct and rise, and overflows automatically from tap hole successively to flow into hot metal mixer 2 molten baths.Melting furnace 32 is quick continuously important device of fusion furnace charges in a large number.
Sponge iron shaft furnace 2 among Fig. 1 is to bathe reduction furnace 42 two portions by oxidizing roasting stove 41 and coal to constitute, enter the pellet of stoving oven 41, process preheating in roasting Shanghai 41, roasting and equal thermal process, can roasting in enormous quantities become high temperature, the Well-recovered high price ferriferous oxide pelletizing of high strength, stoving oven 41 every square meter sections can be produced 5m in one hour usually
3/ hm
2About acid pellet, it becomes about 1200 ℃ of bulb temperatures, balling-up intensity 〉=200Kg/p.Ferrous content can drop to below 0.5%, has created an extraordinary condition thereby produce the above pelletizing sponge iron of ZHT-2 in enormous quantities for coal bath reduction.Coal liquid furnace 42 is big splendid holding furnaces of volume adiabatic condition, its wall as wall with flues be by self-produced coal gas of high temperature from top to bottom exhaust channel institute curtain become.After the high temperature oxidation pelletizing enters coal liquid furnace 42, go back the raw coal thorough mixing with spiral stoker 43 adds.
Coal is bathed the ball reduction and is begun from outward appearance to inner essence to carry out from high temperature, does not need long slowly heat temperature raising process, and reduction reaction carries out in moving under positive pressure, and go back raw coal and coal gas sufficient touch opportunity is arranged, so reduction reaction makes much progress.Bury the coal simulation test according to the high temperature ball, in 120 minutes, pelletizing sponge iron degree of metalization can reach the above level of ZHT-4.For this reason, coal is bathed, and reduction not only needs necessary space, but also needs the regular hour.The output of sponge iron furnace 4 does not determine the volume of coal liquid furnace 42, but depends on the cross-sectional area of stoving oven 41, " 8m
2The sponge iron furnace " be meant that stoving oven 41 cross-sectional areas are 8m
2, be accompanied by the pelletizing coal in addition and bathe reduction, will there be a large amount of coal gas to produce.And the coal gas that is produced all will bathe the high temperature deficency district on about 1000 ℃ on upper strata by coal, almost do not have CO here
2The condition that exists mainly is CO so there is not air intervention composition of fumes again.This part coal gas, except that part (about 1/2) was supplied with stoving oven 41 roasting oxidation pelletizings, remaining advanced gas pipeline transportation service in the high temperature product storehouse 31 of " oxygen melting furnace " 3 by the water-cooled vacuum breaker, is used for strengthening the heating furnace charge.Pelletizing sponge iron furnace 4 is not only the device of large scale continuous prod sponge iron, but also is a large-scale producer gas generator, and its bigger meaning also is to have opened new way out-of-the-way for the processing and utilization of realizing pure furnace charge steel-making of extensive full sponge iron and low-grade iron ore.
" flue residue heat boiler " 5 among Fig. 1 promptly is that an exit flue is again a recovery fume afterheat, causes high pressure steam to be used as the boiler of power generation energy resource.The high-temperature flue gas and the coal gas of being come by high temperature feed bin 31 all will pass through " flue residue heat boiler " 5; here; all remaining coal gas all will be burnt before leaving boiler; so promptly having accomplished keeps the safety in production has also protected ecotope; have surplus heat simultaneously, also obtained reclaiming to greatest extent and utilizing.
Injection smoke evacuation dedusting feed bin 6 among Fig. 1 connects with waste heat boiler 5 and is connected, flue gas passes the bed of material after entering the dedusting feed bin by injection blower fan 61, make flue gas can obtain the dedusting of lowering the temperature, also make furnace charge obtain preheating, flue gas ash removal feed bin 6 is to be background with zinc ore pelletizing smoke evacuation dry technology, in conjunction with characteristics such as the iron ore pellets particle diameter are little, the fume extractor of the extensive dry furnace charge of a kind of dry method cooling dedusting that is provided with, its main practice is to be provided with fixed simple type reinforced rail cage in the low level feed bin, on the iron cage by reciprocating type conveying belt uniform distribution, smoke evacuation in the iron cage, at the bottom of can passing the iron cage and enter the storehouse less than the powder of 6mm, feed bin bottom extending direction has program control blowing funnel of multiple spot and conveying belt 67.Enter the flue gas in the iron cage 65, can see through the big area bed of material 64 and enter in the room, totally enclosed large space stock ground, again by a large amount of cloth bag 63 emptyings, thereby the pollution problem of Steel Plant has fundamentally obtained improvement.
Claims (6)
1, many molten baths of a kind of reducing and smelting iron ore oxygen steelmaking stove, drawing body smoke evacuation dedusting feed bin [6] perforation connection by many molten baths oxygen steelmaking stove [1] waste heat hot metal mixer [2] oxygen melting furnace [3] sponge iron shaft furnace [4] flue residue heat boiler [5] is constituted, it is characterized in that: dried iron ore mainly refers to pellet, be transported to sponge iron shaft furnace [4] by dedusting feed bin [6], bathe the reduction mass production by sponge iron shaft furnace [4] oxidizing roasting coal and go out the pelletizing sponge iron, strengthen heating at the totally-enclosed high-temperature flue feed bin [31] that enters oxygen melting furnace [3] down continuously, when material temperature reaches high temperature about 900 ℃, send into melting furnace [32] oxygen blasted melting successively, the fused liquid metal enters waste heat hot metal mixer [2] by reflection tap hole [32] and is blended into many molten baths oxygen steelmaking stove [1] with tundish again and smelts into steel, the high-temperature furnace gas that many molten baths oxygen steelmaking stove [1] produces all enters coal gas of high temperature that coal gas of high temperature that oxygen melting furnace [3] and oxygen melting furnace [3] produce and sponge iron shaft furnace [4] export by hot metal mixer [2] and converges in the lump and by high-temperature flue feed bin [31] and partial combustion furnace charge is heated after the hot metal mixer heat supply, then enter flue residue heat steam boiler [5] and all burn and cause high pressure steam generating, the flue collector [66] that last hot flue gas enters dedusting feed bin [6] by injection blower fan [61] enters branch flue iron cage [65] again and sees through the bed of material [64] and extract emptying by cloth bag [63] out with blower fan [62];
2, many molten baths oxygen steelmaking stove according to claim 1 [1], it is characterized in that: but the molten bath of independent operation more than two is arranged, improved steel-making tapping frequency, the constant equipment of output, investment diminishes easy to operate, between each molten bath and output furnace gas, the composition temperature, stability of flow, make the heat recovery coal gas of high temperature become possibility, the furnace shell in each molten bath [11], go up and be the side, the middle and lower part is the garden, but is placed on the tray of bottom translation, can extract substitute out in case of necessity, each furnace shell all has tap hole to be subjected to the Tie Kou and the handle hole that can the seal slag flow port of holding concurrently, furnace crown [12] is for being placed on the body of heater for inverted draw cut shape structure button, and an end opening and hot metal mixer [2] are communicated with, and furnace crown [12] is the suspension type liftable.
3, oxygen melting furnace according to claim 1 [3], it is characterized in that: constitute by constant volume molten bath fusion molten [32] and high-temperature flue feed bin [31] two main positions, flue high temperature feed bin [31] is a big volume storing flue, all high-temperature residual heat coal gas all will pass through and partial combustion thus, the furnace charge that persists is here strengthened heating, usually be heated to and send into melting furnace [32] about 900 ℃, melting furnace [32] is the smelting furnace of the molten ratio of a constant volume molten bath Da Rong, usually material is molten than being 1: 6, the bath temperature height, thermal capacity is big, furnace charge about 900 ℃ send into more than 1500 ℃ the molten bath in addition oxygen blast stir and the minimum temperature raising degree of 14 ℃/nim speed, furnace charge is understood rapid fusion and is returned to original bath temperature in the 6mm clock.Then liquid metal is along with the rising of bath surface enters the hot metal mixer molten bath by the gravity flow of reflection tap hole.
4, sponge iron shaft furnace according to claim 1 [4] is characterized in that: bathe reduction furnace [42] by oxidizing roasting stove [41] and coal and constitute, send into stoving oven [44] through the pellet of preheating by material distributing machine [46], every cube of pelletizing is with 150～200m
3The air of coal gas and supply combustion ratio 1.04; make pellet through the preheating and baking soaking; become high temperature, high strength; low ferrous; easy reductive high price acid pellet; mix with the coal that screw stoker [43] adds at the totally-enclosed coal bath reduction furnace [42] of sending into down, coal consumption is that about the 3 times a large amount of coal gas that produce with coal liquid furnace [42] of theoretical value are reduced into the pelletizing sponge iron on a large scale with the high temperature pelletizing, sieves band heat through sealing and sends into high-temperature flue feed bin [31].
5, injection according to claim 1 smoke evacuation dedusting feed bin [6] is characterized in that by injection blower fan [61] with 3～6Kg/cm
21/3～1/6 adjustable injection air quantity of adjustable pressure and exhaust smoke level, the main flue [66] of hot flue gas below 800 ℃ being sent into dedusting feed bin [6] by low-resistance damage aditus laryngis divides inflow iron cage branch flue [65] again, see through the bed of material [64] cooling dedusting, can be controlled in about 150 ℃ through the flue-gas temperature behind the bed of material according to relevant practice, then by cloth bag [63] with chimney or blower fan [61] emptying, the air draft ability is by 1.15 times of outfits of last total blast volume, and Air quality is much better than the standard in existing Steel Plant living quarters.
6, many molten baths oxygen steelmaking stove according to claim 1 [1], oxygen melting furnace [3], sponge iron shaft furnace [4] and injection smoke evacuation dedusting feed bin [6] are by its characteristics combination or establish one's own system and include big production application in, also can produce the effect of different repercussions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00129770 CN1184333C (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2000-10-12 | Multiple molten pool oxygen steel-making furnace for iron core reducing melting and its technological process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00129770 CN1184333C (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2000-10-12 | Multiple molten pool oxygen steel-making furnace for iron core reducing melting and its technological process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1348013A true CN1348013A (en) | 2002-05-08 |
| CN1184333C CN1184333C (en) | 2005-01-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 00129770 Expired - Fee Related CN1184333C (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2000-10-12 | Multiple molten pool oxygen steel-making furnace for iron core reducing melting and its technological process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103154652A (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2013-06-12 | 特诺恩股份公司 | Method and control and tracking system of the charge of material transported by a continuous supply conveyor of a metallurgical furnace, particularly an electric furnace for the production of steel |
-
2000
- 2000-10-12 CN CN 00129770 patent/CN1184333C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103154652A (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2013-06-12 | 特诺恩股份公司 | Method and control and tracking system of the charge of material transported by a continuous supply conveyor of a metallurgical furnace, particularly an electric furnace for the production of steel |
| CN103154652B (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2015-05-27 | 特诺恩股份公司 | Method and control and tracking system of the charge of material transported by a continuous supply conveyor of a metallurgical furnace |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1184333C (en) | 2005-01-12 |
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