CN1332772A - 硅氧烷混合物改性的热塑性聚合物 - Google Patents
硅氧烷混合物改性的热塑性聚合物 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
- C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F2500/12—Melt flow index or melt flow ratio
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
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Abstract
本发明所涉及的组合物包括:(A)100份重量的热塑性树脂(A);(B)至少0.5份重量的硅氧烷混合物(B)。硅氧烷混合物的基本上50-99重量%是高分子量硅氧烷,其粘度大于60Pa.s;和硅氧烷混合物的1-50重量%是低分子量硅氧烷,其粘度在10-330Pa.s之间,其中所说高分子量硅氧烷的粘度大于所说低分子量硅氧烷的粘度。这些组合物表现出惊人地改善性能,如降低摩擦系数,降低随时间变化的相容摩擦系数,增强疏水性和提高耐磨性。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及热塑性组合物。尤其是指具有较低的摩擦系数,较低的随时间变化的相容摩擦系数,较强的疏水性,和较高的耐磨性的组合物。
发明背景
现有技术中常使用聚硅氧烷基加工助剂。例如,美国专利USP5,708,084和5,708,085提供的聚烯烃组合物可以用相对较高的速度挤出,并且得到的挤出物具有较高的疏水性,所说组合物包括(A)100份重量的热塑性树脂;(B)1-5份重量的能相互作用的二有机基团聚硅氧烷加工助剂,所说的二有机基团聚硅氧烷的数均分子量至少为10,000。
发明简介
发现在热塑性树脂中加入少量的硅氧烷混合物,可以明显地改善树脂的特性。
本发明所涉及的组合物包括:(A)100份重量的热塑性树脂;(B)至少0.5份重量的硅氧烷混合物。硅氧烷混合物(B)的基本上50-99重量%是高分子量硅氧烷,其粘度大于60Pa.s;和硅氧烷混合物(B)的1-50重量%是低分子量硅氧烷,其粘度在10-330Pa.s之间,其中所说高分子量硅氧烷的粘度大于所说低分子量硅氧烷的粘度。
这些组合物可以惊人地改善性能,如降低摩擦系数,降低随时间变化的相容摩擦系数,增强疏水性,和提高耐磨性。发明的详细描述
本发明的组份(A)包括热塑性树脂,优选聚烯烃,但也可使用其它热塑性树脂,特别是尼龙,聚酯,聚苯乙烯,聚氨酯和丙烯酸树脂。此处使用的术语“热塑性树脂”指受热软化,冷却到室温后恢复初始状态的聚合物。如果热塑性树脂是聚烯烃,其可以选自烯烃的均聚物,和一种或多种烯烃的之间的互聚物,和/或烯烃与高达40摩尔%的一种或多种单体的共聚物。适当的聚烯烃的实施例包括乙烯,丙烯,1-丁烯,异丁烯,己烯,1,4-甲基-1-戊烯,1-戊烯,1-辛烯,1-壬烯和1-癸烯等的均聚物。二种或多种上述烯烃的互聚物也可用作组份(A),并且它们可以与,例如乙烯基或二烯化合物或其它可以与烯烃共聚的化合物进行共聚。适当的互聚物的具体实例有乙烯基共聚物,如乙烯-丙烯共聚物,乙烯-1-丁烯共聚物,乙烯-1-己烯共聚物,乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物,乙烯-1-丁烯共聚物,和乙烯与二种或多种上述烯烃的互聚物。
组份(A)也可以是二种或多种上述均聚物或互聚物的混合物。例如,混合物可以是一种上述体系与以下一种或多种物质的均匀混合物:聚丙烯,高压低密度聚乙烯,高密度聚乙烯,聚1-丁烯,和含极性单体的烯烃共聚物如乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯/丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯酸/丙烯酸乙酯三元共聚物、乙烯/丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯三元共聚物等。
优选这些体系的密度为0.850-1.400克/毫升,更优选为0.875-0.960克/毫升,且重均分子量约为60,000-200,000。热塑性树脂(A)可以按照现有技术中的任意方法合成,如齐格勒-那塔催化剂和金属茂基催化剂,即单中心催化剂,或由缩聚反应得到。
上述聚合物在现有技术中为人熟知,无须进一步描述。
硅氧烷混合物(B)中高分子量硅氧烷占硅氧烷混合物的基本上50-99重量%,其粘度大于60Pa.s;和低分子量硅氧烷占硅氧烷混合物的1-50重量%,其粘度在10-330Pa.s之间,其中所说高分子量硅氧烷的粘度大于所说低分子量硅氧烷的粘度。
硅氧烷混合物中高分子量硅氧烷的数均分子量(Mn)至少为60,000,粘度至少为60Pa.s。优选,高分子量硅氧烷的数均分子量为75,000-2,000,000,更优选为250,000-550,000之间。优选高分子量硅氧烷的粘度为100-2×108Pa.s,更优选为1,100-30,000Pa.s。
硅氧烷混合物中低分子量硅氧烷的数均分子量(Mn)为40,000-105,000之间,粘度在10-330Pa.s之间。优选,低分子量硅氧烷的数均分子量为50,000-80,000,更优选为55,000-75,000之间。优选低分子量硅氧烷的粘度为15-125Pa.s,更优选为30-100Pa.s。
构成组份(B)的高分子量和低分子量硅氧烷可以是直链或支链的聚合物或共聚物,其中有机基团可独立地选自甲基或苯基。适当的硅氧烷包括聚二甲基硅氧烷的均聚物,主要含二甲基硅氧烷单元和甲基苯基硅氧烷单元的共聚物,主要含二甲基硅氧烷单元和二苯基硅氧烷单元的共聚物,主要含二苯基硅氧烷单元和甲基苯基硅氧烷单元的共聚物,甲基苯基硅氧烷单元的均聚物。二种或多种以上聚合物或共聚物的混合物可用作高分子量硅氧烷也可用作低分子量硅氧烷。
为达到本发明的目的,高分子量和低分子量硅氧烷的分子中至少含一种,优选含二种或多种相互作用的基团,如羟基、甲基、氟、羧酸、氮、链烯基。此处使用的“相互作用的基团”指易被如挤出模具等金属表面吸附的基团。最优选羟基基团。相互作用的基团可位于分子的末端,也可沿聚合物链分布,或同时位于分子的末端并沿聚合物链分布。优选相互作用的基团位于硅氧烷分子的末端,对于羟基而言,以二有机基团羟基甲硅烷氧基的形式存在,例如二甲基羟基甲硅烷氧基,二苯基羟基甲硅烷氧基或甲基苯基羟基甲硅烷氧基等。当相互作用的基团只沿聚合物链分布,二有机基团聚硅氧烷的端基可以是任意的非反应性部分,通常是二有机基团甲硅烷氧基或三有机基团甲硅烷氧基,如二甲基乙烯基甲硅烷氧基或三甲基甲硅烷氧基。
优选高分子量和低分子量硅氧烷(B)是直链的聚二甲基硅氧烷,其含高达50摩尔%的甲基基团。更优选它们是具有二甲基羟基甲硅烷氧基端基的聚二甲基硅氧烷的均聚物。
将至少0.5份重量的二有机基团聚烷氧烷完全地分散在100份重量的热塑体(A)中制备得到本发明的组合物。高含量(高达50份)的组分(B)可以先制成组合物的原批(或浓缩物),用于进一步的加工。对于最终产物,优选每100份重量的组分(A)使用约0.5-7份重量的组分(B)。更优选,每100份重量的组分(A)使用约1-4份重量的组分(B)。最优选,每100份重量的组分(A)使用约1-3份重量的组分(B)。此处使用的术语“摩擦系数”指下列等式中与法向力相乘的常数:
F=fN其中F等于在垂直于法向作用力的方向推动重量或法向力为N的物体所需要的力。润滑后的表面可以使“f”的值小于1。
因此,上述所引用的优选组成范围可以在好的摩擦系数与加工时较少的螺杆滑脱之间找到平衡点,尤其是在高的挤出出料速度下。
采用常见的高温下将添加剂加入热塑性树脂的手段可以将(B)分散在热塑性树脂(A)中。例如,两组分在双螺杆挤出机,Banbury搅拌器,双辊研磨机或单螺杆挤出机,有或没有混料头,进行混合。这些组分的混合设备没有特别的要求,只要能将(B)均匀地分散在(A)中。优选分散后的颗粒尺寸不大于40微米。
考虑本发明中许多组合物可以通过常见的挤出设备加工。当组合物挤出时,组分(B)的分子量会影响组合物的加工特性。当分子量低于10,000,组合物会发生螺杆滑脱,就是说对于单螺杆挤出机给定的每分钟转数,出料的速度要低于预期值。
除上述组分之外,本发明的组合物还可以含高达30重量%的下列每种物质:填料,固化剂,润滑剂,紫外光稳定剂,抗氧剂,催化剂稳定剂,阻燃剂和其它在聚烯烃改性中常用的加工助剂。此外,本发明组合物中的2重量%可以是防结块剂,阻燃剂可以占整个组合物的30重量%。上述辅助组分的特定的非限制性实例包括以下物质:硅藻土、3-(3,5-二-5-丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八烷酯,双(2-羟乙基)动物脂胺,硬脂酸钙,N,N-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-吡啶基)-1,6-己二胺与2,4,6-三氯-1,3,5-三嗪和2,4,4-三甲基-1,2-戊胺的聚合物,琥珀酸二甲酯与2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-吡啶基乙醇的聚合物,2,2-硫代双(4-叔辛基苯酚镍盐)正丁胺,亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯,双(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)五赤藓糖醇的二亚磷酸酯,亚磷酸三壬基苯酯,聚乙二醇,芥酸的酰胺,二氧化钛,二氧化钛,氧化铝,水合氧化铝,滑石粉,2-羟基-4-正辛氧基苯甲酮,二氧化硅,氧化锌,硫化锌和硬脂酸锌。
根据本发明的方法,上述硅氧烷混合物(B)加入热塑性树脂(A)中用作表面改性剂,因此当树脂在较高温度下加工,所得的挤出物相对于不含硅氧烷混合物(B)的膜层具有较低的摩擦系数,较低的随时间变化的相容摩擦系数,较强的疏水性,和较高的耐磨性。本方法特别适用于浇注薄膜和吹塑薄膜的生产,也适用于本领域所熟知的片状成型;挤坯吹塑;注坯拉伸吹塑;注塑成型;管,线,电缆挤塑;纤维产品;压延加工和任意类似的聚烯烃树脂的高剪切熔融加工过程。根据本发明的方法,上述硅氧烷混合物(B)加入树脂(A)中用作熔融添加剂,因而当树脂在较高温度下挤出得到成型的产品(就是指圆柱形的横断面,如膜,带,棒,环,纤维,薄片等)。所得挤出物相对于不含组分(B)的类似挤出物具有较低的摩擦系数和较强的疏水性。本方法特别适用于浇注薄膜或吹塑薄膜的生产,也适用于本领域所熟知的挤坯吹塑;注塑成型;管,线,电缆挤塑;纤维产品和任意类似的聚烯烃树脂的高剪切熔融加工过程。
尽管在聚烯烃颗粒从料斗加入时,将组分(B)注入挤出机的螺杆部分可以得到相对均匀的分散体,但是仍优选首先将组分(B)彻底均匀地分散在部分组分(A)中形成原批。该原批(或浓缩物)优选含0.5-50份重量的硅氧烷混合物,更优选含20-50份重量的硅氧烷混合物,其可以碾碎或造粒。所得颗粒与其它热塑体(基质)干混,随后这混合物挤出或注塑成型得到本发明的组合物。使用原批技术可以使硅氧烷混合物更均匀地分散在热塑性基质中。熟练的技术人员知道单独的高分子量和低分子量硅氧烷的原批可以在挤出机中混合或在加入挤出机之前预先混合,而使得高分子量硅氧烷和低分子量硅氧烷的比例适当。
在上述原批的制备中使用的热塑体可以与热塑性树脂基质相同或不同。优选两者是同一类型(例如,在原批和基质中都使用聚丙烯)。
本发明可以降低摩擦系数,降低随时间变化的相容摩擦系数,增强疏水性,和提高耐磨性。以下实施例用于说明其中一些改进后的特性。
实施例
以下实施例用于进一步说明本发明的组合物和方法,但并不打算限制由所附权利要求所描述的本发明的范围。实施例中所有的份和百分比都以重量计,所有测试都在25℃下得到,除非特别说明。原材料
LLDPE-线性低密度聚乙烯和己烯的共聚物,密度为0.918克/升,商品牌号为TF-0119-F,Nova化学(Lemester,Mass)。塑性体-Exact3125,密度为0.902,Exxon化学公司(Houston,TX)。塑性体-Affinity PF1140,密度为0.896,Dow化学公司(Midland,MI)。此处使用的“PDMS”指“聚二甲基硅氧烷”。
实施例1
在Killion(Ceder Grove,New Jersey)吹膜生产线上通过模具间隙为0.0381厘米的,6.35厘米无电镀镍镀层的模具生产得到有15.25厘米平折,厚度为0.00381厘米的膜。成膜的速度为25.5厘米/分钟。原材料通过含常见螺杆和Maddox搅拌器的Killion(Ceder Grove,NewJersey)KL100的2.54厘米挤出机加料。所加工的原材料是含1000ppm硅藻土防结块剂和以下描述的聚硅氧烷添加剂的LLDPE-Nova TF-0119-F。
硅藻土原批是Ampacet(Tarrytown,NY)10063,20%的硅藻土在熔体流动指数为8的线性低密度聚乙烯中。聚硅氧烷添加剂由两种原批提供。第一种原批为20%的聚硅氧烷A在密度为0.918,熔体流动指数为6的LLDPE中,其中聚硅氧烷A是由羟基终止的PDMS,其分子量为4.4×105(粘度为15,000Pa.s)。第二种原批为20%的聚硅氧烷B在密度为0.918,熔体流动指数为6的LLDPE中,其中聚硅氧烷B是由羟基终止的PDMS,其分子量为6×104(粘度为60Pa.s)。首先使用5%的聚硅氧烷A原批成膜,最终Nova TF-0119-F LLDPE中含有1重量%的聚硅氧烷A。然后再使用4.5%的聚硅氧烷A原批和0.5%的聚硅氧烷B原批成膜,最终LLDPE树脂中含有1重量%的有效添加剂量。所有原材料按适当的比例用手干混,然后加入挤出机的料斗。挤出机和模具的加热区域设置如下:
区域1:177℃区域2:180℃区域:183℃
夹环:186℃模具1:186℃模具2:1 88℃
每分钟转数设定为40,霜白线在5厘米处。
含硅氧烷混合物的膜的摩擦系数低于聚硅氧烷A的摩擦系数。摩擦系数在测试仪器上进行测试,包括按照ASTM D-1894的检测滑脱和摩擦的试验装置(Islandia,New York)。而且膜的加工中没有类似于聚硅氧烷B等加工物质加工时的螺杆滑脱问题。表1显示动膜与膜的摩擦系数的差异。
表1
聚硅氧烷A | 聚硅氧烷B | 动摩擦系数 |
0 | 0 | 1.047 |
1% | 0 | 0.454 |
0.9% | 0.1% | 0.250 |
含聚硅氧烷A和聚硅氧烷B的混合物相对于只含聚硅氧烷A作添加剂的膜在动摩擦系数方面有100%的提高。
实施例2
在Killion(Ceder Grove,New Jersey)吹膜生产线上通过模具间隙为0.0381厘米的,6.35厘米无电镀镍镀层的模具生产得到有15.25厘米平折,厚度为0.00381厘米的膜。成膜的速度为25.5厘米/分钟。原材料通过含常见螺杆和Maddox搅拌器的Killion(Ceder Grove,NewJersey)KL100的2.54厘米挤出机加料。所加工的原材料是含2000ppm硅酸铝钠防结块剂和以下描述的聚硅氧烷添加剂的Exxon Exact3125。
聚硅氧烷添加剂由两种原批提供。第一种原批为20%的聚硅氧烷A在密度为0.918,熔体流动指数为6的LLDPE中,其中聚硅氧烷A是由羟基终止的PDMS,其分子量为4.4×105。第二种原批为20%的聚硅氧烷B在密度为0.918,熔体流动指数为6的LLDPE中,其中聚硅氧烷B是由羟基终止的PDMS,其分子量为6×104。首先使用5%的聚硅氧烷A原批成膜,最终Exact3125塑性体中含有1重量%的聚硅氧烷A。然后再使用4.5%的聚硅氧烷A原批和0.5%的聚硅氧烷B原批成膜,最终Exact3125塑性树脂中含有1重量%的有效添加剂量。所有原材料按适当的比例用手干混,然后加入挤出机的料斗。挤出机和模具的加热区域设置如下:
区域1:186℃区域2:189℃区域3:192℃
夹环:195℃模具1:192℃模具2:189℃
每分钟转数设定为40,霜白线在5厘米处。
含硅氧烷混合物的塑性膜的摩擦系数低于聚硅氧烷A的摩擦系数。摩擦系数在测试仪器上进行测试,包括按照ASTM D-1894的检测滑脱和摩擦的试验装置(Islandia,New York)。而且膜的加工中没有类似于聚硅氧烷B等加工物质加工时的螺杆滑脱问题。表2显示动膜与膜的摩擦系数的差异。
表2
聚硅氧烷A | 聚硅氧烷B | 动摩擦系数 |
0 | 0 | 大于1-不能测定 |
1% | 0 | 0.573 |
0.9% | 0.1% | 0.380 |
含聚硅氧烷A和聚硅氧烷B的混合物相对于只含聚硅氧烷A作添加剂的膜在动摩擦系数方面有显著的提高。
实施例3
在36.5厘米Killion三层共挤压浇注薄膜生产线上,通过模具间隙为0.0508厘米的不锈钢模具挤出成型得到共挤压膜。在进入模具之前使用A/B/C进料机使得成膜时层的分布为15%/70%/15%。二15%层使用二Killion KTSl00’s挤出,而70%层使用Killion KL125进料。层A和B的制备使用Nova TF-0119-F LLDPE并且在膜挤出机中不加入添加剂。二种挤出机都带有常见的螺杆和Maddox搅拌器。每一挤出机上温度的概况如下:
区域1:243℃区域2:246℃区域3:249℃夹环:249℃
C层称作密封层,含Affinity PF1140树脂。该材料通过带屏障型螺杆设计与Maddox搅拌器的2.54厘米挤出机挤出成型。挤出机上温度的概况如下:
区域1:249℃区域2:252℃区域3:255℃夹环:249℃
所有模具区域设定为243℃。所得膜的厚度为0.00381厘米,并以102厘米/分钟的速度生产。KTS100’s的螺杆每分钟转数为20,而KL125的螺杆每分钟转数为30。
聚硅氧烷添加剂由两种原批提供。第一种原批为25%的聚硅氧烷A在密度为0.918,熔体流动指数为6的LLDPE中,其中聚硅氧烷A是由羟基终止的PDMS,其分子量为4.4×105。第二种原批为20%的聚硅氧烷B在密度为0.918,熔体流动指数为6的LLDPE中,其中聚硅氧烷B是由羟基终止的PDMS,其分子量为6×104。首先使用8%的聚硅氧烷A原批成膜,最终Affinity PF1140塑性体中含有2重量%的聚硅氧烷A。然后再使用5.2%的聚硅氧烷A原批和0.8%的聚硅氧烷B原批成膜,最终Affinity PF1140塑性树脂中含有1.5重量%的有效添加剂量。所有原材料按适当的比例用手干混,然后加入挤出机的料斗。
相对于成膜时使用单一分子量的聚硅氧烷,使用聚硅氧烷混合物的一个优点是能有效地避免滑脱。加入混合物使得加入相对少量的总聚硅氧烷就可以达到相同的效果。在恒定的硅藻土防结块剂用量下得到下列结果。
表3
聚硅氧烷A | 聚硅氧烷B | 动摩擦系数-类似皮肤 |
0 | 0 | 大于1-不能测定 |
2% | 0 | 0.320 |
1.3% | 0.2% | 0.306 |
Claims (23)
1.一种组合物,该组合物含有:
(A)100份重量的热塑性树脂;
(B)至少0.5份重量的硅氧烷混合物(B),硅氧烷混合物(B)的基本上50-99重量%是高分子量硅氧烷,其粘度大于60Pa.s;和硅氧烷混合物(B)的1-50重量%是低分子量硅氧烷,其粘度在10-330Pa.s之间,其中所说高分子量硅氧烷的粘度大于所说低分子量硅氧烷的粘度。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所说的高分子量和低分子量硅氧烷是线性的、端基为羟基的聚二甲基硅氧烷,而所说的热塑性树脂(A)是聚乙烯或聚丙烯。
3.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所说的热塑性树脂(A)与聚乙烯相混合。
4.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所说的高分子量硅氧烷的数均分子量为60,000-2,000,000,并且端基为羟基。
5.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所说的低分子量硅氧烷的数均分子量为40,000-105,000,并且端基为羟基。
6.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中硅氧烷混合物(B)用量为0.5-7份重量,以热塑性树脂(A)的重量计。
7.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所说的高分子量或低分子量硅氧烷具有至少一个羧基侧基或端基。
8.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中高分子量或低分子量硅氧烷具有至少一个胺基侧基或端基。
9.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中高分子量或低分子量硅氧烷至少有一个乙烯基侧基或端基。
10.含权利要求1的组合物的膜。
11.含权利要求6的组合物的膜。
12.加工热塑性树脂的方法,在加工热塑性树脂中加入熔融助剂以利于加工,改进之处包括加入硅氧烷混合物(B),其中硅氧烷混合物(B)的基本上50-99重量%是高分子量硅氧烷,其粘度大于60Pa.s;和硅氧烷的混合物的1-50重量%是低分子量硅氧烷,其粘度在10-330Pa.s之间,其中所说高分子量硅氧烷的粘度大于所说低分子量硅氧烷的粘度;和通过模具加工树脂,因而最终所得热塑性树脂的摩擦系数减小。
13.根据权利要求12的方法,其中所说的高分子量硅氧烷的数均分子量为75,000-550,000,低分子量硅氧烷的数均分子量为40,000-105,000,并且每100份重量所说热塑性树脂(A)使用0.5-7份重量的硅氧烷混合物(B)。
14.加工热塑性树脂的方法,在加工热塑性树脂中加入熔融助剂以改善表面的摩擦系数,改进之处在于将(i)硅氧烷混合物(B)和(ii)热塑性树脂(A)的均匀混合物加入(iii)额外量的所说的热塑性树脂,其中通过模具加工得到加工后的热塑性树脂,并且所得的加工过的热塑性树脂的摩擦系数相对于未改性的热塑性树脂的摩擦系数要小,其中硅氧烷混合物(B)的基本上50-99重量%是高分子量硅氧烷,其粘度大于60Pa.s;和硅氧烷的混合物的1-50重量%是低分子量硅氧烷,其粘度在10-330Pa.s之间,其中所说高分子量硅氧烷的粘度大于所说低分子量硅氧烷的粘度。
15.根据权利要求14的方法,其中所说的高分子量和低分子量硅氧烷是端基为羟基的聚二甲基硅氧烷。
16.根据权利要求12的方法,其中将所得的加工过的热塑性树脂进行吹膜步骤。
17.根据权利要求12的方法,其中将所得的加工过的热塑性树脂进行浇注薄膜步骤。
18.根据权利要求14的方法,其中将所得的加工过的热塑性树脂进行吹膜步骤。
19.根据权利要求14的方法,其中将所得的加工过的热塑性树脂进行浇注薄膜步骤。
20.根据权利要求1的组合物的成型或挤出产品。
21.根据权利要求2的组合物的成型或挤出产品。
22.根据权利要求5的组合物的成型或挤出产品。
23.根据权利要求6的组合物的成型或挤出产品。
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EP (1) | EP1144504A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002534549A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20010089773A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1332772A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU1629500A (zh) |
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- 1999-11-19 CN CN99815403A patent/CN1332772A/zh active Pending
- 1999-11-19 AU AU16295/00A patent/AU1629500A/en not_active Abandoned
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- 1999-11-19 KR KR1020017008540A patent/KR20010089773A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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AU1629500A (en) | 2000-07-24 |
MXPA01006796A (es) | 2002-04-24 |
EP1144504A1 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
CA2358677A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
US6080489A (en) | 2000-06-27 |
WO2000040653A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
JP2002534549A (ja) | 2002-10-15 |
KR20010089773A (ko) | 2001-10-08 |
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