CN1314314C

CN1314314C - Plant growth base material produced from organic refuse

Info

Publication number: CN1314314C
Application number: CNB031179940A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柏老六
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Qujing Bohao Biotech Co ltd
Priority date: 2003-05-28
Filing date: 2003-05-28
Publication date: 2007-05-09
Anticipated expiration: 2023-05-28
Also published as: CN1552187A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plant culture medium developed from organic refuse. The culture medium is formed by mixing turf, expanded pearlite, vermiculite, brown coal, natural humus soil and processed plant stalks. The key of the present invention lies in that the plant stalks, humic leaves and the natural humus soil in the mixture account for 55 to 70% of components on the basis of the proportion by weight of dry substances. The plant culture medium obtained in this way, can largely reduce the consumption of unrenewable resources, and improve nutrient components for cultivating seedling growth in the culture medium. The present invention is favorable for some places, particularly mountain area countries to get raw materials from local resources for producing the plant culture medium. The present invention solves practical problems during the production.

Description

A kind of seedling medium that utilizes the organic waste exploitation

The invention belongs to a kind of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance technology.

Floating seedlings also claims nutrient solution to grow seedlings, and obtains gradually promoting in the growing seedlings of economic crops such as multiple thin dish, flue-cured tobacco.It is to adopt nutrient solution, matrix, floating dish to replace soil to cultivate a kind of new seedling growing process of plant seedlings.The production of matrix, domestic manufacturer's majority is with non-renewable resources, as perlite, vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses primary raw material as prescription.Have in recent years and in prescription, add the matrix formulations of planting straw on a small quantity.As " a kind of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating artificial soil " is exactly to be primary raw material with peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, and the crop straw that adds on a small quantity through carbonization or fermentation process has an amount of foamed plastics grain to mix.Wherein the plant straw accounts for 4.8% of constituent by the dry weight ratio, and and for example application number is the patented technology of " 99117347.3 ", also forms with peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite and plant straw.Wherein crop straw is about 18-21% by dry weight ratio proportion in mixture.In these constituents, except crop straw was regenerated resources, peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite etc. were non-renewable natural resources, and this this non-renewable resource has accounted for 79-82% in constituent.Consider from protection and the viewpoint of rationally utilizing mineral resources; the weak point of aforementioned two technology is exactly the excessive non-renewable resources such as peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite of having used; and reproducible plant straw institute's point ratio is very little in constituent; not interests environmental requirement, the nutrient component of plant seedling growth is low relatively in the matrix.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is on the basis of existing seedling medium common technology, increasing renewable resources is plant straw, humic leaf and humus soil and the content in mixture such as shell skin that the shell cereal crops are arranged, reduce the consumption of non-renewable resources, thereby increase the organic composition of seedling medium, guarantee the matrix nutrition composition, become a kind of seedling medium that utilizes the organic waste exploitation, solve some places lack non-renewable resources in producing seedling medium difficulty again.

The scheme that solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:

A kind of seedling medium that utilizes the organic waste exploitation, with peat composed of rotten mosses, expanded perlite, vermiculite, brown coal, humic leaf and natural humus soil, add the plant straw of handling and mix, key is plant straw in the mixture, humic leaf and natural humus soil account for constituent by the dry weight ratio 55-70%.

By the dry weight ratio, peat composed of rotten mosses is 7-15% in the mixture that further scheme is the composition seedling medium, and brown coal are 7-15%, and perlite is 4-8%, vermiculite 4-8%, plant straw, humic leaf and handled thing 55-70% humous.The formation of plant straw, humic leaf and humus soil handled thing is a corn straw: husk: humic leaf and natural humus soil: straw: straw=3: 2: 1: 05: 0.5.

Get the raw materials ready according to the ratio in the above-mentioned constituent, pulverize respectively, sieve, sterilize, after wherein plant straw and humic leaf being made pulverization process, add decomposition agent commonly used and carry out fermentation process, mix in the stirring through preparing burden, inserting with other constituent again and form a kind of seedling medium that utilizes the organic waste exploitation.

Advantage of the present invention is in the batching of seedling medium, used the crop stalk, cereal shell skin of 55-70%, naturally come off in woods clump humic leaf or by the renewable resourcess such as humus soil that humic leaf becomes, greatly reducing in the common seedling medium with non-renewable resources is the consumption of main component.Both gathered materials on the spot in the rural area that conveniently lacks raw materials such as peat composed of rotten mosses, produces seedling medium; Reduce their economy spending.Interest protection is arranged again and rationally utilize non-renewable resources such as peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite.Alleviated the contradiction of the utilization of resources and environmental protection.And, reach the matrix technology index of industry regulation with the seedling medium product that this technology obtains; The corn stalk that the process of using in the matrix is fully fermented, straw, straw, husk etc., organic matter in the mixture after high-temperature sterilization is increased, microstructures such as the air capacity of soils of matrix, water binding capacity, drainage and capillarity are fully improved, the nutrient component abundance that the crop seedling needs in growth, the cigarette seedling of cultivating has directly slightly, coring is flourishing, diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, the characteristics that survival rate is high.Meet or exceed with non-renewable resources every index of the seedling medium that is main material production.For the sustainable development of floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco technology in industrialization is produced, apply and started wide prospect.In addition, choosing of consumptions such as the crop straw in the matrix constituent, humic leaf and humus soil is definite, all obtains through the screening of many assembly side repeatedly, becomes the change of component, the physical-chemical parameters changes, and the variation of some parameter can cause the industry technology standard that do not meet.Therefore, be to confirm feasible choosing by practice test.

Below provide embodiments of the invention, aforementioned schemes is done specifying.

The processing method of renewable resources is plant straw, humic leaf, husk etc., and drying makes it contain the moisture amount of being and is no more than 15%; Be crushed to granularity and be not more than 5mm; Be controlled between 50-60% with water content pulverizing material, and press 200ml/m ³Consumption, spray the rotten agent of bromine potassium benzene Cui, uniform mixing bonnet membrane stack is put fermentation maturity and is no less than half a year, overturns at least therebetween four times; Be not less than under 95 ℃ of conditions in temperature and steamed 24 hours, it is standby to make high-temperature steam sterilization.

The processing method of mineral resources is 1, be that 35% ± 5 pair of peat composed of rotten mosses is done dry the processing with water content, be not more than 5mm with granularity and pulverize, be not less than the sterilization of 95 ℃ of times of making steam more than 24 hours with temperature.2, rotten coal is dried to moisture water gaging greater than 20, is controlled at the index that is not more than mm with granularity and pulverizes, be not less than 95 ℃ of steam sterilizations under the condition in temperature again and be no less than 24 hours.It is standby after two kinds of material are handled well.

Vermiculite, perlite, brown coal are handled, be controlled at by granularity and be not more than 5mm, high-temperature steam sterilization was not less than 24 hours.

Each constituent that will obtain by above-mentioned parameter requirement and processing method is sent in the agitator and is stirred, and promptly becomes a kind of seedling medium that utilizes the organic waste exploitation.After the use, emergence rate is greater than 98%, and the various physical and chemical index parameters of matrix are: particle diameter is in the 1-5mm scope; Porosity 75-85%; Matrix sticking water content 70-80%; PH value 5-6.5; Electrical conductivity (EC value)≤800 μ s/cm; The content of organic matter 〉=30%; Content of humic acid 〉=20%; Quick-acting Fe content≤800mg/Kg; Quick-acting Mn content≤80mh/Kg; Unit weight is 175.2Kg/m ³20 days winters emergence rate≤85%.

Meet or exceed the quality requirement of the Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium of technology supervision department regulation.Be that a kind of adaptability is strong, the desired nutritional composition of growing seedlings enriches, draw materials conveniently, cost is low and matrix after high-temperature sterilization, do not contain germ virus, guaranteed desired nutritional in the growth of seedling, stopped the approach that seedling catches an illness again.Thereby the seedling coring prosperity that brings out, the seedling footpath is sturdy, and the adaptive capacity after the transplanting is strong, the survival rate height, growing way is prosperous.Lay the foundation for producing high-quality flue-cured tobacco seedling.The consumption of peat composed of rotten mosses reduces greatly in constituent, reduce for the peat composed of rotten mosses consumption that comes from the wetland deep under ground, and be very big support to environmental protection.More having utilized the existing humic leaf in mountain area, various crop stalk, husk class renewable resources, also increased the nutrient component of matrix, is again the healthy and strong basic condition of seedling.

Claims

1, a kind of seedling medium that utilizes the organic waste exploitation, with peat composed of rotten mosses, expanded perlite, vermiculite, brown coal, humic leaf and natural humus soil, adding the plant straw of handling mixes, it is characterized in that forming in the mixture of seedling medium by dry weight ratio, peat composed of rotten mosses is 7-15%, brown coal are 7-15%, perlite is 4-8%, vermiculite 4-8%, plant straw, humic leaf and handled thing 55-70% humous.Wherein, the formation of plant straw, humic leaf and handled thing humous is a corn straw: husk: humic leaf and humus soil: straw: straw=3: 2: 1: 05: 0.5.