CN1289582A - 关节内的假体 - Google Patents

关节内的假体 Download PDF

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CN1289582A
CN1289582A CN00130595A CN00130595A CN1289582A CN 1289582 A CN1289582 A CN 1289582A CN 00130595 A CN00130595 A CN 00130595A CN 00130595 A CN00130595 A CN 00130595A CN 1289582 A CN1289582 A CN 1289582A
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taper
trip bolt
prosthese
connection part
pin
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CN1216584C (zh
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A·克勒
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Waldemar Link GmbH and Co KG
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Waldemar Link GmbH and Co KG
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

关节内的假体,具有一个固定部件(3)和位于关节部件(1)与固定部件(3)之间的锥形连接件(4)。根据本发明,锥形连接件设有一个防转动结构(13、14)。其还可以设有一个紧固螺钉(8)。

Description

关节内的假体
除了这些用来模拟关节作用的零件外，关节内的假体具有用来将它们与骨头相固定的零件。如果不同的固定零件对于同一个假体保持有效，在每种情况中选择的固定零件通过一个连接器件与相关连的关节零件连接。对于该目的，锥形连接件已经证实它们是由设计成具有同样的微小锥形角度(例如5°)的锥形销柱和锥形套管组成，并且通常只要在冲击的作用下已将它们连接在一起，它们就充分紧密地彼此连接。除非作用在使得连接分离的方向中的力显著地增大，否则不需要另外的紧固装置。例如当夹紧臀部关节朝向相关连的杆部分时(US-A-5，336，268)，其起作用。如果必须考虑实际的释放力，锥形连接件设有一个紧固螺钉(EP-A-474015)。例如锥形销柱中可以包括一个平头螺钉，拧入该螺钉的圆锥尖端与锥形套管的孔偏心地结合(EP-A-474015的图3)。
已经知道为了防止锥形表面之间的相对转动，对一个锥形连接件(US-A5405403)设有一个防转动结构，因为其可能导致腐蚀。
紧固螺钉不仅防止连接部件在轴向的平移运动，而且还防止旋转运动。因此，紧固螺钉通常还起到防转动结构的作用。
本发明承认这样的事实，如果紧固螺钉与孔通过圆锥形尖端偏心地相互作用，通过紧固螺钉与防转动结构的组合可以实现可观的优点。当使用这种没有防转动结构的紧固螺钉时，如在现有技术中，不能保证紧固螺钉的锥形尖端与孔边缘的点精确地作用，该点在装配过程中与锥形连接件的较厚端最接近。事实上，然后只可以得到通过紧固螺钉的准确的防转动。但是，如果连接点稍微位于理想的作用点的一侧，可能存在微转动运动。但是，因此根据本发明的组合保证锥形尖端、紧固螺钉和相关连孔之间的特定的连接点是固定的。这样不仅防止所说的微运动，还防止紧固螺钉变得磨损，防止扭弯和防止它的紧固功能可能全部或者部分丧失，作为与之相互作用的孔边缘的相对运动的结果。
当紧固螺钉设有一个预定的断裂点时(EP-A 915686=WO 9804215)，这一点特别重要。因此，该防转动结构具有紧固螺钉能够以所需要的方式完成其功能的效果。
为了提供这种防转动结构，突出和凹进方便地形成在两个连接部件上，并通过轴向平行的侧面彼此相互作用。例如，至少一个销柱以轴向平行的方式从锥形套管的边缘伸出，并且与设在锥形销柱的基座上对应形状的槽啮合。与之相反，还可能在锥形套管的边缘设有至少一个凹口，与设在锥形销柱上的横向销钉啮合。
下面参照表示本发明的优选实施例的附图，详细说明本发明。其中：
图1是膝部假体的侧视图；
图2和3是锥形连接件的侧视图和剖面图。
图1中所示的膝部假体具有股骨件1和胫骨件2。如图所示股骨件与固定在股骨的腔中的杆3连接。它通过锥形连接件4与股骨件1连接。同样地胫骨件2与一个固定件(图中没有示出)连接，并且基于该目的，具有一个锥形销柱5，作为锥形连接件的一部分。
锥形连接件由通过同样锥度的表面7在很大表面面积上相互接触的锥形销柱5和锥形套管6组成。例如，这些表面的锥形角度(完全相反的包迹线之间的角度)是5°左右。可以以这样的方式确定尺寸，通过力(例如通过冲击)已经连接在一起的连接构件5和6只有通过可观的力才能分开，另外，只有抵消可观的摩擦阻力才能彼此相对转动。在一些情况中，连接的力量可以是不确定的，也就是如果在移植下它们还没有足够结实地连接在一起，或者在使用过程中如果它们已经在不正常的很大的释放力的作用下松开。因此，在这种例子中，连接销柱5设有一个平头螺钉8，它的六角形头通过孔9到达锥形套管6的一边上，并且它的锥形尖端10与锥形套管6的另一边上的孔12的边缘11相互作用。
为了使得螺钉8不受转动力的作用，或者，在没有螺钉8的情况下，为了保证连接件的转动的紧固，提供根据本发明的防转动结构，其由两个轴向平行的锥形套管6的边缘上的突出13和锥形销柱5从其伸出的轴环15中的对应的槽14组成。在每种状态中，突出13和槽14分别由一对平行的侧面16和17界定，槽14的宽度不大于或者几乎不大于突出13的宽度。
方便地提供彼此接近于正相反的两个防转动结构13、14。
螺钉连接件的孔9、12彼此相互不齐平。因此，必须保证锥形套管6在处于限定的转动位置中作用于销柱5上，其中螺钉尖端10与孔12准确地作用。通过该防转动结构或者以该种方式提供的结构可以确保形成转动的这种限定的定位。如果只使用一个防转动结构13、14，或者如果两个防转动结构没有精确地彼此完全相反地定位，这些情况下就有这种需要。
固定部件不一定需要是骨杆；在骨头断面的整个假体是由两个关节件封闭的情况下，其可以是杆，其将一个关节件的一个部件与另一个关节件的一个部件连接。

Claims (5)

1．关节内的假体，具有一个固定部件和位于关节部件与固定部件之间的锥形连接件，该锥形连接件设有一个紧固螺钉(8)，它的锥形尖端(10)和与该紧固螺钉(8)偏心的孔(12)的边缘(11)相互作用，其特征在于，除了紧固螺钉(8)以外，锥形连接件(4)具有一个防转动结构(13、14)。
2．根据权利要求1所述的关节内的假体，其特征在于，通过经过轴向平行的侧面(16、17)相互作用，位于一个部件上的突出(13)和位于另一个部件上的凹入(14)形成该防转动结构。
3．根据权利要求2所述的关节内的假体，其特征在于，至少一个突出(13)从锥形套管(6)的边缘伸出，和在锥形销柱(5)的基座(15)上设有对应的槽(14)。
4．根据权利要求2所述的关节内的假体，其特征在于，锥形套管(6)的边缘具有至少一个凹口，和在锥形销柱(5)上设有一个对应的横向销钉。
5．根据权利要求1至4中任何一个所述的关节内的假体，其特征在于，紧固螺钉(8)设有一个预定的断裂点。
CN001305956A 1999-09-24 2000-09-23 关节内的假体 Expired - Lifetime CN1216584C (zh)

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CN1326498C (zh) * 2002-08-16 2007-07-18 沃尔德马连接两合公司 备有固定螺钉的外科植入体或器械
CN102137636A (zh) * 2008-08-22 2011-07-27 Deru股份公司 包含有插式连接装置且防旋性能经过改良的内置假体
CN102846410A (zh) * 2012-08-27 2013-01-02 上海晟实医疗器械科技有限公司 一种用于人体长骨骨干部位的节段性假体
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CN1321621C (zh) * 2002-03-08 2007-06-20 沃尔德马连接两合公司 踝关节－皮内假肢关节
CN1326498C (zh) * 2002-08-16 2007-07-18 沃尔德马连接两合公司 备有固定螺钉的外科植入体或器械
CN102137636A (zh) * 2008-08-22 2011-07-27 Deru股份公司 包含有插式连接装置且防旋性能经过改良的内置假体
CN102137636B (zh) * 2008-08-22 2014-07-23 Deru股份公司 包含有插式连接装置且防旋性能经过改良的内置假体
CN104203159A (zh) * 2012-03-09 2014-12-10 沃尔德马连接两合公司 假体部件
CN104203159B (zh) * 2012-03-09 2016-06-08 沃尔德马连接两合公司 假体部件
CN102846410A (zh) * 2012-08-27 2013-01-02 上海晟实医疗器械科技有限公司 一种用于人体长骨骨干部位的节段性假体

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