CN1284170C - 数据传输方法、块同步信号检测方法、以及再现装置 - Google Patents

数据传输方法、块同步信号检测方法、以及再现装置 Download PDF

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CN1284170C
CN1284170C CNB02802625XA CN02802625A CN1284170C CN 1284170 C CN1284170 C CN 1284170C CN B02802625X A CNB02802625X A CN B02802625XA CN 02802625 A CN02802625 A CN 02802625A CN 1284170 C CN1284170 C CN 1284170C
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伊藤明
广瀬俊彦
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Abstract

一种用于检测块同步信号的方法，它可以从代码序列中区分出同步信号，当再现或接收数据时可以检测由代码字组成的块的第一部分。向同步字检测器(10)提供从介质(1)再现的再现信号中包含的同步字和代表ID信息的时期的窗信号sync_window(同步窗)，同步字检测器(10)通过使用窗信号Sync_window，从PRML维特比检测器(6)检测到的位串中检测同步字，其中所述窗信号Sync_window是根据从奇偶校验电路(12)提供的奇偶性OK信号产生。

Description

数据传输方法、块同步信号检测方法、以及再现装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种数据传输方法、块同步信号检测方法、以及播放器，特别涉及这样的数据传输方法、块同步信号检测方法、以及再现装置，其适用于向记录介质传输或在记录介质上记录已为传输或记录而适当编码的数据，所述数据中添加了块同步信号，并检测包括所接收到的信号或从记录介质读取的数据中的块同步信号的代码序列。
背景技术
通常，在即将被传输或记录的数据块的首部添加块同步信号。在接收或读取数据的时候，检测同步信号以识别块的首部。这里，“块”指由多个数据字或代码字组成的单元。例如数字音频磁带(DAT)中的块由总计36个符号构成，包括标识(ID)数据的2个符号、ID奇偶校验的1个符号，以及数据字的32个符号。一个符号在用八到十(8/10)代码，即记录代码编码之前为8个位，而在用记录代码编码之后则是10个位。为了记录，首先用8/10代码对每个形成块的8位符号编码，然后在该块的首部添加8/10代码的序列中不存在的1个符号(10个位)的同步信号(同步字)。为了读取，通过检测同步字来识别块的首部，然后逐个符号地对已编码的ID数据、奇偶校验以及32个符号的数据字解码。8/10代码计划与用不归零倒转(NRZI)记录方法记录的数据一起使用。然而，NRZI转换序列中一连串相同位的最大长度(下文中称其为“Tmax”)是4，而Tmax不会连续重复超过2次。同步字包括在任何连续重复2次的代码序列中不出现Tmax的模式，从而，可以区别同步字和代码序列。
近来，在磁记录领域中活跃地研究了格栅编码部分响应(TCPR)方法。这一方法结合部分响应特性和代码特性以增加传输信道(记录/读取信道)输出序列之间的欧几里德距离(自由平方欧几里德距离：d2 free)。d2 free的增加等价于信号电平的增加。所以，TCPR方法改善检测时数据的信噪比(SNR)。一般称TCPR方法中使用的代码为“格码(trellis code)”。
这里要注意，通常用作部分响应的扩展部分响应类4(下文中称其为“EPR4”)提供一种在采样点(存在符号的地方)将为彼此的单位脉冲响应而均衡的波形均衡为(1，1，-1，-1)。公式(1)表达了EPR4的***多项式等式：
G(D)＝(1-D)(1+D)2.........................................(1)
其中，D是1位延迟算符。
图12展示了EPR4的状态转换图，而图13展示了EPR4的格子图。由EPR4的格子图中的两位字节指示的最小欧几里德距离d2 free是：
d2 free＝((+1)-(0))2+((+1)-(0))2+((-1)-(0))2+((-1)-(0))2
      ＝4
在使用EPR4和调制码约束进行最大似然解码的格栅编码部分响应类4(下文中称其为“TCEPR4”)中，可以通过约束16/18代码将平方欧几里德距离d2 free从4增加到6，从而可以为EPR4获得1.8dB的维特比检测增益。
由于TCEPR4的维特比解码器在每预定18个位处操作，所以即使是1位的相位滞后也将导致对完全不同的位解码。
所以，为在每18个位处重置TCEPR4维特比解码器，必须检测同步。必须用次级EPR4维特比解码器使同步检测自身的检测增益达到1.8dB。
这里要注意，块同步信号检测的精确度将极大地影响数据接收或读取的数据的质量。例如，如果因任何干扰而不能检测到同步信号，那么将丢失所有数据。同样，如果错误地检测了同步信号，那么从错误的检测直到正确检测到同步信号的期间的数据将丢失。此外，在DAT中，例如，如果错误地检测了同步字，那么也会错误地检测到ID数据。ID数据包括地址信息，而如果使用错误地检测到的地址将其写入存储器，那么也有可能损毁其它块中的数据。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于通过使得能够从代码序列中区分同步信号，并能够在接收或读取数据时，从多个代码字中识别所形成的块的首部，从而克服现有技术的上述缺陷。
本发明的另一个目的在于通过保持同步字模式中的误差与16/18代码之间的距离，并降低无法通过自校正得到检测的概率，从而提高由EPR4检测到的同步字模式。
本发明提供一种数据传输方法，其中通过在由多个代码字组成的块的首部添加块同步信号来传输数据，其中当代码序列中一连串相同位的最大长度为Tmax＝8时，块同步信号具有多于一个的连续9个相同位；其中当把代码字放置在邻近数据块的任一端时，块同步信号在正好在块同步信号之前放置的代码字和块同步信号自身之间，以及块同步信号和正好在块同步信号之后放置的代码字之间没有多于9个的连续相同位；其中块同步信号之后紧跟着检测格子随时间改变的结构，所述检测格子用于对包括来自传输信道输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测；其中在检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同。
本发明还提供一种数据传输方法，其中通过在由多个代码字组成的块的首部添加块同步信号来传输数据，其中在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同。
本发明还提供一种块同步信号检测方法，用于检测作为包括多个代码字的块的首部的附属物传输的块同步信号，其中：在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同；并且使用具有检测窗的窗信号，即基于检测到的同步信号进行块同步信号检测。
本发明还提供一种块同步信号检测方法，用于检测作为包括多个代码字的块的首部的附属物传输的块同步信号，其中：在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同；并且检测块同步信号，根据检测到的块同步信号的唯一性检测在检测格子中的块同步信号的起点状态，并在检测块同步信号之后预置分支尺度。
本发明还提供一种播放器，其中从具有预定特性的传输信道的输出序列中检测包括传输信号的代码序列，该播放器包括：不随时间改变检测工具，用于从传输信道的输出序列中检测包括块同步信号的代码序列；同步信号检测工具，用于从不随时间改变检测工具的输出信号中检测块同步信号，并输出该信息；维特比检测工具，用从同步信号检测工具输出的块同步信息将其初始化，以使用具有随时间改变的结构，从传输信道输出序列中，进行对包括块同步信号的代码序列的维特比检测；以及窗信号发生工具，用于基于由同步信号检测工具检测到的块同步信号和从维特比检测工具输出的检测结果，产生具有块同步信号检测窗的窗信号；同步信号检测工具使用由窗信号发生工具产生的窗信号检测块同步信号；其中在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同；并且同步信号检测工具根据检测到的块同步信号的唯一性，使用块同步信号，检测块同步信号和检测格子中块同步信号的起点状态，并在检测块不同信号之后检测分支尺度。
上述目的可以通过提供一种数据传输方法而实现，其中通过在由多个代码字组成的块的首部添加块同步信号来传输数据，其中当代码序列中一连串相同位的最大长度为Tmax＝8时，块同步信号具有多于一个的连续9个相同位。
同样，上述方法可以通过提供一种数据传输方法而实现，其中通过在由多个代码字组成的块的首部添加块同步信号来传输数据，其中在具有随时间改变的结构，并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同。
同样，上述方法可以通过提供一种块同步信号检测方法而实现，该方法用于检测作为包括多个代码字的块的首部的附属物传输的块同步信号，其中：在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同；并且使用具有检测窗的窗信号，即基于检测到的同步信号进行块同步信号检测。
同样，上述方法可以通过提供一种块同步信号检测方法而实现，该方法用于检测作为包括多个代码字的块的首部的附属物传输的块同步信号，其中：在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同；并且检测块同步信号，根据检测到的块同步信号的唯一性，用块同步信号检测在检测格子中的TCPR维特比检测器的起点状态，并在检测块同步信号之后预置分支尺度。
同样，上述方法可以通过提供一种播放器而实现，其中从具有预定特性的传输信道的输出序列中检测包括传输信号的代码序列，该播放器包括：不随时间改变检测工具，用于从传输信道的输出序列中检测包括块同步信号的代码序列；同步信号检测工具，用于从不随时间改变检测工具的输出信号中检测块同步信号，并输出该信息；维特比检测工具，用从同步信号检测工具输出的块同步信息将其初始化，以使用具有随时间改变的结构，从传输信道输出序列中，进行对包括块同步信号的代码序列的维特比检测；以及窗信号发生工具，用于基于由同步信号检测工具检测到的块同步信号和从维特比检测工具输出的检测结果，产生具有块同步信号检测窗的窗信号；同步信号检测工具使用由窗信号发生工具产生的窗信号检测块同步信号。
通过结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细描述，本发明的上述和其它目的、特性、优点将会变得更加清楚。
附图说明
图1是本发明的播放器的方框图。
图2展示TCPR的格子约束。
图3展示本发明的播放器中用作记录介质的磁带上的磁道。
图4展示磁带上的磁道格式。
图5A至5C展示用于展示对本发明的播放器中的窗信号发生器和同步字检测器的操作的时序图。
图6展示同步字检测器中如何检测同步字。
图7展示为计算EPR4中的平方欧几里德距离，从TCEPR4的四格子约束的初始状态下的48位数据的16/18转换得到的54位代码和36位同步字模式。
图8A和8B展示通过逐位移动54位的16/18代码产生36位代码，并计算同步字模式及其错误模式之间的平方欧几里德距离的状态。
图9展示通过逐位移动36位同步字模式、其错误模式、以及在36位同步字之前和之后添加18个位而得到的72位信号，计算EPR4中同步字模式及其错误模式之间的欧几里德距离的状态。
图10展示EPR4的同步字模式和格子图。
图11展示16/18(0，7)代码的同步字模式和格子图。
图12是EPR4的状态转换图。
图13是EPR4的格子图。
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图描述本发明的实施例。
举例说来，本发明适用于结构如图1所示的播放器20。播放器20采用TCEPR方法，其使用随时间变化的格码。
本发明的播放器20中采用的TCEPR4中的16/18转换由对应于表1所示状态的代码之间的关系所约束。
表1
  状态   S   Z   P   ZP   PZ   ZH   PH   ZPH   PZH   ZT   PT   ZPT   PZT
  S0   8   8   8   8   8   8   3   3   7   5   5   4   4
  S1   8   8   8   8   8   3   8   3   4   5   5   4   4
  S2   4   8   8   8   8   3   8   7   3   5   5   4   4
  S3   4   8   8   8   8   8   3   4   3   5   5   4   4
表1中，S：ADS起始状态；Z：连续为0的最大数量；P：连续为1的最大数量；ZP：连续为01的最大数量；PZ：连续为10的最大数量；ZH：在代码字的首部连续为0的最大数量；PH：在代码字的首部连续为1的最大数量；ZPH：在代码字的首部连续为01的最大数量；PZH：在代码字的首部连续为10的最大数量；ZT：在代码字的尾部连续为0的最大数量；PT：在代码字的尾部连续为1的最大数量；ZPT：在代码字的尾部连续为01的最大数量；PZT：在代码字的尾部连续为10的最大数量，并且1≤ADS≤11。
同样，也满足图2所示的TCPR的格子约束。
播放器20包括：均衡器3，从介质1经由读出放大器2向其提供读出信号；PLL电路5和PRML维特比检测器6，从均衡器3经由采样器4分别向其提供输出信号；TCPR维特比检测器8，从采样器4经由延迟元件7向其提供输出信号；解码器9，从TCPR维特比检测器8向其提供输出信号；同步字检测器10，从PRML维特比检测器6向其提供输出信号；ID检测器11，从解码器9向其提供输出信号；奇偶校验电路12，从ID检测器11向其提供输出信号；窗信号发生器13，从奇偶校验电路12向其提供输出信号；及其它部件。在播放器20中，来自窗信号发生器13的输出被提供给同步字检测器10，而同步字检测器10的输出被提供给TCPR维特比检测器8。
这里要注意，介质1例如是磁带，在关于图3所示的磁带传送方向倾斜的磁道上以图4所示的磁道格式记录着信息。一个磁道在各为3块的前同步码和后同步码之间具有336个数据块。一个块由4字节同步字、8字节ID信息以及128字节数据组成。
在播放器20中，由均衡器3将来自介质1并由读出放大器2放大的信号均衡到预定部分响应特性，然后由采样器采样。将由采样器采样后的信号提供给PLL电路5，经由PRML维特比检测器6提供给同步字检测器10，并且还经由延迟元件7提供给TCPR维特比检测器8。
PLL电路5从由采样器4采样后的信号中提取时钟。采样器4以及PRML维特比检测器6、TCPR维特比检测器8、解码器9、同步字检测器10等根据PLL电路5给出的时钟操作。
PRML维特比检测器6使用不包括随时间变化的格码的特性的检测格子来检测数据。PRML维特比检测器6不必了解代码字的任何边界，因此可以同步检测数据。
同步字检测器10使用从窗信号发生器13提供的窗信号Sync_window来检测有关由PRML维特比检测器6检测出的位串的同步字。同步字检测器10向TCPR维特比检测器8提供同步字检测信号，同时向TCPR维特比检测器8提供状态指定信号，其指示TCPR维特比检测器8的哪个状态的似然性将得以增加。
TCPR维特比检测器8使用包括随时间变化的格码的特性的检测格子来检测数据。除非其了解代码器的边界，否则无法正确操作。因此，TCPR维特比检测器8在用从同步字检测器10提供的状态指定信号初始化其似然性，并由同步字检测信号使其同步之后，开始检测一块数据。
将由TCPR维特比检测器8检测到的数据提供给解码器9，解码器9将把该数据解码为代码字。
需要注意，提供延迟元件7是为了将从采样器4提供给TCPR维特比检测器8的信号延迟一段时间，该时间长度等于由PRML维特比检测器6和同步字检测器10的内部延迟导致的同步字检测信号的延迟的时间长度。
ID检测器11检测来自解码器9的输出信号中包括的ID信息，并将其提供给奇偶校验电路12。
奇偶校验电路12校验由ID检测器11检测出的ID信息的奇偶性，并在ID信息的奇偶性正常时，向窗信号发生器13提供奇偶性OK信号。
基于从奇偶校验电路12提供的奇偶性OK信号，窗信号发生器13产生窗信号Sync_window(同步窗)，其指示来自介质1的读出信号中包括的同步字和ID信息之间的间隔时间，如图5A所示，并将窗信号Sync_window提供给同步字检测器10。
在向其提供了指示来自介质1的读出信号中包括的同步字和ID信息之间的间隔时间的窗信号Sync_window的情况下，同步字检测器10使用基于从奇偶校验电路12提供的奇偶性OK信号产生的窗信号Sync_window，检测关于PRML维特比检测器6检测出的位串的同步字。从而，在除了由窗信号Sync_window指示的检测窗之外的任何时期都能无错地检测任何同步字，如图5B所示，并且在不能检测到任何同步字时也能在下一定时检测同步，如图5C所示。
如图6所示，同步字检测器10通过认为具有误差的模式是同步字，来以更高的概率检测同步字，所述误差中，同步字之间平方欧几里德距离小于4，以允许在同步字中发生可能存在的误差。此时，通过使同步字与从代码字的欧几里德距离为4的误差分离大于1的距离，将得到对同步字的无错检测。
选择同步字模式以满足下述条件1至3。
条件1：
同步字应该满足TCEPR4格子约束。同步字的前同步码和后同步码之间的关系不受16/18转换的任何关系约束。然而，应该注意，同步字和代码字之间的关系满足16/18转换的关系约束。
条件2：
同步字应该包括至少一个Z＝9和一个P＝9，即，总计3个，以保持与代码字的距离。
条件3：
为防止在任何错误的位置重置，当其被移动(shift)时，将四个初始状态下的、包括其错误模式的同步字模式设置为彼此不相似。
为满足条件1至3，下面将描述对表2所示同步字模式(同步模式)的确定。
表2
  初始状态   同步模式   错误模式   最终状态
  S1   001111111110000110000000001111111110   109   S1
  S2   110011111111100110000000001111111110   107   S1
S3 110111111111000110000000001111111110 114 S1
  S4   000111111111000110000000001111111110   109   S1
首先从48位数据产生16/18转换后的54位代码，其具有TCEPR4的四个格子约束下的初始状态，计算EPR4中，四个格子约束下的初始状态和所有36位信号之间的平方欧几里德距离，并且视平方欧几里德距离小于4的同步字模式为错误模式，如图7所示。
接下来，计算同步字模式及其错误模式和所有36位16/18代码之间的平方欧几里德距离，并确认距离大于5。
然后，为在移动16/18代码时保持与该模式的距离，将54位16/18代码逐位移动，以产生36位代码，并计算同步字模式及其错误模式之间的平方欧几里德距离，如图8A和8B所示。
同样，如果存在因代码字和同步字的结合而与同步字相似的任何模式，那么将有可能在错误的位置检测到同步字。为防止包括一连串同步字和代码字的信号使得在任何错误的位置导致任何重置，产生72位信号，所述72位信号由36位同步字模式及其错误模式组成，其中，在任一端添加18个位，将72位信号逐位移动，如图9所示，计算同步字模式及其错误模式之间的平方欧几里德距离，并确认距离大于5。
图10展示EPR4的同步字模式和格子图。
同样，对应于表2所示的四个初始状态，同步字模式的错误模式的平方欧几里德距离如下。
即，表3至5给出了在初始状态S0中的同步字模式的错误模式的每位平方欧几里德距离。
                                                  表3
  在初始状态0(001111111110000110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  001111111110000100000000001111111110001111111110000010000000001111111110000101010100000110000000001111111110001101010100000110000000001111111110001111010100000110000000001111111110001111110100000110000000001111111110001111111100000110000000001111111110001010101010000110000000001111111110001110101010000110000000001111111110001111101010000110000000001111111110001111111010000110000000001111111110000101010110000110000000001111111110001101010110000110000000001111111110001111010110000110000000001111111110001111110110000110000000001111111110001010101110000110000000001111111110001110101110000110000000001111111110001111101110000110000000001111111110000101011110000110000000001111111110001101011110000110000000001111111110001111011110000110000000001111111110001010111110000110000000001111111110001110111110000110000000001111111110000101111110000110000000001111111110001101111110000110000000001111111110001011111110000110000000001111111110000111111110000110000000001111111110001111111110000110000000001010101000001111111110000110000000001110101000001111111110000110000000001111101000001111111110000110000000001010100100001111111110000110000000001110100100001111111110000110000000001010010100001111111110000110000000000101010100001111111110000110000000001101010100001111111110000110000000001011010100001111111110000110000000001111010100001111111110000110000000001010110100   000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000001100000000110000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000110000010000000000000000000000000000001100010000000000000000000000000000000011010000000000000000000000000000110001010000000000000000000000000000001101010000000000000000000000000000110101000000000000000000000000000001100000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000000000000000000111010000000000000000000000000000000000110000000000000000000000000000000110010100
                                               表4
  在初始状态0(001111111110000110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  001111111110000110000000001110110100001111111110000110000000001111110100001111111110000110000000001010101100001111111110000110000000001110101100001111111110000110000000001111101100001111111110000110000000001111111100001111111110000110000000001010101010001111111110000110000000001110101010001111111110000110000000001111101010001111111110000110000000001111111010001111111110000110000000000101010110001111111110000110000000001101010110001111111110000110000000001111010110001111111110000110000000001111110110001111111110000110000000001010101110001111111110000110000000001110101110001111111110000110000000001111101110001111111110000110000000000101011110001111111110000110000000001101011110001111111110000110000000001111011110001111111110000110000000001010111110001111111110000110000000001110111110001111111110000110000000000101111110001111111110000110000000001101111110001111111110000110000000001011111110001111111110000110000000000111111110001111111110000110100000001111111110001111111110000110010000001111111110001111111110000110001000001111111110001111111110000110101000001111111110001111111110000110000100001111111110001111111110000110010100001111111110001111111110000110000010001111111110001111111110000110001010001111111110001111111110000110101010001111111110001111111110000110000001001111111110001111111110000110000101001111111110001111111110000110010101001111111110001111111110000110000000101111111110001111111110000110000010101111111110   000000000000000000000000000001110100000000000000000000000000000000001100000000000000000000000000000110000101000000000000000000000000000001100101000000000000000000000000000000011101000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000000000000110000001000000000000000000000000000001100001000000000000000000000000000000011001000000000000000000000000000000000111000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000100000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000
                                               表5
  在初始状态0(00111111111100001100000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  001111111110000110001010101111111110001111111110000110101010101111111110001111111110000110000000011111111110001111111110000110000001011111111110001111111110000110000101011111111110001111111110000110010101011111111110001111111110000110000000001010101001001111111110000110000000001110101001001111111110000110000000001111101001001111111110000110000000000101010101001111111110000110000000001101010101001111111110000110000000001111010101001111111110000110000000001111110101001111111110000110000000001010101101001111111110000110000000001110101101001111111110000110000000001111101101001111111110000110000000001111111101001111111110000110000000001111111111101111111110000110000000001111111110011111111110000110000000001111111110001111111111000110000000001111111110001111111110100110000000001111111110001111111110010110000000001111111110001111111111010110000000001111111110001111111110001110000000001111111110001111111110101110000000001111111110001111111110000111000000001111111110001111111110000111010000001111111110001111111110000111010100001111111110001111111110000111010101001111111110001111111110000111010101011111111110   000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000000000110000011000000000000000000000000000001100011000000000000000000000000000000011011000000000000000000000000001100000001000000000000000000000000000011000001000000000000000000000000000000110001000000000000000000000000000000001101000000000000000000000000000110000100000000000000000000000000000001100100000000000000000000000000000000011100000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000001111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000001100000000110000000
同样，表6至8给出了在初始状态S1中的同步字模式的错误模式的每位平方欧几里德距离。
                                                   表6
  在初始状态1(110011111111100110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  110011111111100100000000001111111110110011111111100010000000001111111110110001010101000110000000001111111110110011010101000110000000001111111110110011110101000110000000001111111110110011111101000110000000001111111110110011111111000110000000001111111110110010101010100110000000001111111110110011101010100110000000001111111110110011111010100110000000001111111110110011111110100110000000001111111110110001010101100110000000001111111110110011010101100110000000001111111110110011110101100110000000001111111110110011111101100110000000001111111110110010101011100110000000001111111110110011101011100110000000001111111110110011111011100110000000001111111110110001010111100110000000001111111110110011010111100110000000001111111110110011110111100110000000001111111110110010101111100110000000001111111110110011101111100110000000001111111110110001011111100110000000001111111110110011011111100110000000001111111110110010111111100110000000001111111110110000111111110011000000000111111110100011111111110110000000001111111110010011111111100110000000001111111110110011111111100110000000001010101000110011111111100110000000001110101000110011111111100110000000001111101000110011111111100110000000001010100100110011111111100110000000001110100100110011111111100110000000001010010100110011111111100110000000000101010100110011111111100110000000001101010100110011111111100110000000001011010100   000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000011000000001100000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000110000010000000000000000000000000000001100010000000000000000000000000000000011010000000000000000000000000000110001010000000000000000000000000000001101010000000000000000000000000000110101000000000000000000000000000001100000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000000000000000000111010000
                                                         表7
  在初始状态1(110011111111100110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  110011111111100110000000001111010100110011111111100110000000001010110100110011111111100110000000001110110100110011111111100110000000001111110100110011111111100110000000001010101100110111111111100110000000001110101100110011111111100110000000001111101100110011111111100110000000001111111100110011111111100110000000001010101010110011111111100110000000001110101010110011111111100110000000001111101010110011111111100110000000001111111010110011111111100110000000000101010110110011111111100110000000001101010110110011111111100110000000001111010110110011111111100110000000001111110110110011111111100110000000001010101110110011111111100110000000001110101110110011111111100110000000001111101110110011111111100110000000000101011110110011111111100110000000001101011110110011111111100110000000001111011110110011111111100110000000001010111110110011111111100110000000001110111110110011111111100110000000000101111110110011111111100110000000001101111110110011111111100110000000001011111110110011111111100110000000000111111110110011111111100110100000001111111110110011111111100110010000001111111110110011111111100110001000001111111110110011111111100110101000001111111110110011111111100110000100001111111110110011111111100110010100001111111110110011111111100110000010001111111110110011111111100110001010001111111110110011111111100110101010001111111110110011111111100110000001001111111110110011111111100110000101001111111110110011111111100110010101001111111110   000000000000000000000000000000110000000000000000000000000000000110010100000000000000000000000000000001110100000000000000000000000000000000001100000000000000000000000000000110000101000000000000000000000000000001100101000000000000000000000000000000011101000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000000000000110000001000000000000000000000000000001100001000000000000000000000000000000011001000000000000000000000000000000000111000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001101110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000
                                                           表8
  在初始状态1(110011111111100110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  110011111111100110000000101111111110110011111111100110000010101111111110110011111111100110001010101111111110110011111111100110101010101111111110110011111111100110000000011111111110110011111111100110000001011111111110110011111111100110000101011111111110110011111111100110010101011111111110110011111111100110000000001010101001110011111111100110000000001110101001110011111111100110000000001111101001110011111111100110000000000101010101110011111111100110000000001101010101110011111111100110000000001111010101110011111111100110000000001111110101110011111111100110000000001010101101110011111111100110000000001110101101110011111111100110000000001111101101110011111111100110000000001111111101110011111111100110000000001111111111111011111111100110000000001111111110110111111111100110000000001111111110110011111111110110000000001111111110110011111111101110000000001111111110110011111111100111000000001111111110110011111111100111010000001111111110110011111111100111010100001111111110110011111111100111010101001111111110110011111111100111010101011111111110   000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000000000110000011000000000000000000000000000001100011000000000000000000000000000000011011000000000000000000000000001100000001000000000000000000000000000011000001000000000000000000000000000000110001000000000000000000000000000000001101000000000000000000000000000110000100000000000000000000000000000001100100000000000000000000000000000000011100000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000001001111000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000001100000000110000000
同样，表9至11给出了在初始状态S2中的同步字模式的错误模式的每位平方欧几里德距离。
                                                   表9
  在初始状态2(110111111111000110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  110111111111000100000000001111111110110111111111000010000000001111111110100010101010000110000000001111111110110010101010000110000000001111111110110110101010000110000000001111111110110111101010000110000000001111111110110111111010000110000000001111111110110111111110000110000000001111111110110101010101000110000000001111111110110111010101000110000000001111111110110111110101000110000000001111111110110111111101000110000000001111111110100010101011000110000000001111111110110010101011000110000000001111111110110110101011000110000000001111111110110111101011000110000000001111111110110111111011000110000000001111111110110101010111000110000000001111111110110111010111000110000000001111111110110111110111000110000000001111111110100010101111000110000000001111111110110010101111000110000000001111111110110110101111000110000000001111111110110111101111000110000000001111111110110101011111000110000000001111111110110111011111000110000000001111111110100010111111000110000000001111111110110010111111000110000000001111111110110110111111000110000000001111111110110101111111000110000000001111111110100011111111000110000000001111111110110011111111000110000000001111111110101011111111000110000000001111111110100111111111000110000000001111111110010111111111000110000000001111111110110111111111000110000000001010101000110111111111000110000000001110111000110111111111000110000000001111101000   000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000011000000000011000000000000000000000000110000000011000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000011000000001100000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000010110100000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000110000010000000000000000000000000000001100010000000000000000000000000000000011010
                                               表10
  在初始状态2(110111111111000110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  110111111111000110000000001010100100110111111111000110000000001110100100110111111111000110000000001010010100110111111111000110000000000101010100110111111111000110000000001101010100110111111111000110000000001011010100110111111111000110000000001111010100110111111111000110000000001010110100110111111111000110000000001110110100110111111111000110000000001111110100110111111111000110000000001010101100110111111111000110000000001110101100110111111111000110000000001111101100110111111111000110000000001111111100110111111111000110000000001010101010110111111111000110000000001110101010110111111111000110000000001111101010110111111111000110000000001111111010110111111111000110000000000101010110110111111111000110000000001101010110110111111111000110000000001111010110110111111111000110000000001111110110110111111111000110000000001010101110110111111111000110000000001110101110110111111111000110000000001111101110110111111111000110000000000101011110110111111111000110000000001101011110110111111111000110000000001111011110110111111111000110000000001010111110110111111111000110000000001110111110110111111111000110000000000101111110110111111111000110000000001101111110110111111111000110000000001011111110110111111111000110000000000111111110110111111111000110100000001111111110110111111111000110010000001111111110110111111111000110001000001111111110110111111111000110101000001111111110110111111111000110000100001111111110110111111111000110010100001111111110   000000000000000000000000000110001010000000000000000000000000000001101010000000000000000000000000000110101000000000000000000000000000001100000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000000000000000000111010000000000000000000000000000000000110000000000000000000000000000000110010100000000000000000000000000000001110100000000000000000000000000000000001100000000000000000000000000000110000101000000000000000000000000000001100101000000000000000000000000000000011101000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000000000000110000001000000000000000000000000000001100001000000000000000000000000000000011001000000000000000000000000000000000111000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000
                                                       表11
  在初始状态2(110111111111000110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  110111111111000110000010001111111110110111111111000110001010001111111110110111111111000110101010001111111110110111111111000110000001001111111110110111111111000110000101001111111110110111111111000110010101001111111110110111111111000110000000101111111110110111111111000110000010101111111110110111111111000110001010101111111110110111111111000110101010101111111110110111111111000110000000011111111110110111111111000110000001011111111110110111111111000110000101011111111110110111111111000110010101011111111110110111111111000110000000001010101001110111111111000110000000001110101001110111111111000110000000001111101001110111111111000110000000000101010101110111111111000110000000001101010101110111111111000110000000001111010101110111111111000110000000001111110101110111111111000110000000001010101101110111111111000110000000001110101101110111111111000110000000001111101101110111111111000110000000001111111101110111111111000110000000001111111111111111111111000110000000001111111110110111111111100110000000001111111110110111111111010110000000001111111110110111111111001110000000001111111110110111111111101110000000001111111110110111111111000111000000001111111110110111111111000111010000001111111110110111111111000111010100001111111110110111111111000111010101001111111110110111111111000111010101111111111110   000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000000000110000011000000000000000000000000000001100011000000000000000000000000000000011011000000000000000000000000001100000001000000000000000000000000000011000001000000000000000000000000000000110001000000000000000000000000000000001101000000000000000000000000000110000100000000000000000000000000000001100100000000000000000000000000000000011100000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000001001111000000000000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000001100000000110000000
同样，表12至14给出了在初始状态S3中的同步字模式的错误模式的每位平方欧几里德距离。
                                               表12
  在初始状态3(000111111111000110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  000111111111000100000000001111111110000111111111000010000000001111111110000010101010000110000000001111111110000110101010000110000000001111111110000111101010000110000000001111111110000111111010000110000000001111111110000111111110000110000000001111111110000101010101000110000000001111111110000111010101000110000000001111111110000111110101000110000000001111111110000111111101000110000000001111111110000010101011000110000000001111111110000110101011000110000000001111111110000111101011000110000000001111111110000111111011000110000000001111111110000101010111000110000000001111111110000111010111000110000000001111111110000111110111000110000000001111111110000010101111000110000000001111111110000110101111000110000000001111111111000111101111000110000000001111111110000101011111000110000000001111111110000111011111000110000000001111111110000010111111000110000000001111111110000110111111000110000000001111111110000101111111000110000000001111111110000011111111000110000000001111111110000111111111000110000000001010101000000111111111000110000000001110101000000111111111000110000000001111101000000111111111000110000000001010110100000111111111000110000000001110100100000111111111000110000000001010010100000111111111000110000000000101010100000111111111000110000000001101010100000111111111000110000000001011010100000111111111000110000000001111010100000111111111000110000000001010110100   000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000110000000011000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000110000010000000000000000000000000000001100010000000000000000000000000000000011010000000000000000000000000000110001010000000000000000000000000000001101010000000000000000000000000000110101000000000000000000000000000001100000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000000000000000000111010000000000000000000000000000000000110000000000000000000000000000000110010100
                                                 表13
  在初始状态3(000111111111000110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  000111111111000110000000001110110100000111111111000110000000001111110100000111111111000110000000001010101100000111111111000110000000001110101100000111111111000110000000001111101100000111111111000110000000001111111100000111111111000110000000001010101010000111111111000110000000001110101010000111111111000110000000001111101010000111111111000110000000001111111010000111111111000110000000000101010110000111111111000110000000001101010110000111111111000110000000001111010110000111111111000110000000001111110110000111111111000110000000001010101110000111111111000110000000001110101110000111111111000110000000001111101110000111111111000110000000000101011110000111111111000110000000001101011110000111111111000110000000001111011110000111111111000110000000001010111110000111111111000110000000001110111110000111111111000110000000000101111110000111111111000110000000001101111110000111111111000110000000001011111110000111111111000110000000000111111110000111111111000110100000001111111110000111111111000110010000001111111110000111111111000110001000001111111110000111111111000110101000001111111110000111111111000110000100001111111110000111111111000110010100001111111110000111111111000110000010001111111110000111111111000110001010001111111110000111111111000110101010001111111110000111111111000110000001001111111110000111111111000110000101001111111110000111111111000110010101001111111110000111111111000110000000101111111110000111111111000110000010101111111110   000000000000000000000000000001110100000000000000000000000000000000001100000000000000000000000000000110000101000000000000000000000000000001100101000000000000000000000000000000011101000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000000000000110000001000000000000000000000000000001100001000000000000000000000000000000011001000000000000000000000000000000000111000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000
                                                 表14
  在初始状态3(000111111111000110000000001111111110)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  000111111111000110001010101111111110000111111111000110101010101111111110000111111111000110000000011111111110000111111111000110000001011111111110000111111111000110000101011111111110000111111111000110010101011111111110000111111111000110000000001010101001000111111111000110000000001110101001000111111111000110000000001111101001000111111111000110000000000101010101000111111111000110000000001101010101000111111111000110000000001111010101000111111111000110000000001111110101000111111111000110000000001010101101000111111111000110000000001110101101000111111111000110000000001111101101000111111111000110000000001111111101000111111111000110000000001111111111100111111111000110000000001111111110010111111111000110000000001111111110001111111111000110000000001111111110101111111111000110000000001111111110000111111111100110000000001111111110000111111111010110000000001111111110000111111111001110000000001111111110000111111111101110000000001111111110000111111111000111000000001111111110000111111111000111010000001111111110000111111111000111010100001111111110000111111111000111010101001111111110000111111111000111010101011111111110   000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000000000110000011000000000000000000000000000001100011000000000000000000000000000000011011000000000000000000000000001100000001000000000000000000000000000011000001000000000000000000000000000000110001000000000000000000000000000000001101000000000000000000000000000110000100000000000000000000000000000001100100000000000000000000000000000000011100000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000001111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000001100000000110000000
已确认同步字模式及其错误模式与16/18代码之间的平方欧几里德距离大于5，并且不在任何错误的位置重置。所以可以以通过视所有与同步字模式的平方欧几里德距离小于4的错误模式为同步字而允许的误差检测同步字，从而可以在错误检测概率的没有任何增加的情况下，降低无法检测的概率。
另外，向对于同步字的前述条件1至3添加下述条件4至6：
条件4：
同步字中在9T之前和之后不应该出现1T的信号。
条件5：
在任何同步字之前和之后应该存在大于2T。因此，9T位于同步字任一端附近。
条件6：
因为对同步字的移动敏感，所以9T不应该连续重复3次。
表15所示的一个同步字模式可以对S0和S1、以及S2和S3中每一对设为公用。
表15
  初始状态   同步模式   错误模式   最终状态
  S0，S1   111000000000110011111111100000000011   85   S0
  S2，S3   110000000001110011111111100000000011   85   S0
图11展示了16/18(0，7)代码的同步字模式和格子图。
表15所示的两类同步字模式错误模式的每位平方欧几里德距离如下所述。
即，表16至17给出了在初始状态S0和S1中的同步字模式的错误模式的每位平方欧几里德距离。
                                               表16
  在初始状态0或1(111000000000110011111111100000000011)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  111000000000110010101010100000000011111000000000110010101011100000000011111000000000110010101111100000000011111000000000110010111111100000000011111000000000110001010101000000000011111000000000110001010101100000000011111000000000110001010111100000000011111000000000110001011111100000000011111000000000110001111111100000000011111000000000100011111111100000000011111000000000010011111111100000000011010000000000110011111111100000000011110000000000110011111111100000000011101000000000110011111111100000000011011000000000110011111111100000000011111000000000110011111111100000000010111000000000110011111111100000000001111000000000110011010101000000000011111000000000110011110101000000000011111000000000110011111101000000000011111000000000110011111111000000000011111000000000110011101010100000000011111000000000110011111010100000000011111000000000110011111110100000000011111000000000110011010101100000000011111000000000110011110101100000000011111000000000110011111101100000000011111000000000110011101011100000000011111000000000110011111011100000000011111000000000110011010111100000000011111000000000110011110111100000000011111000000000110011101111100000000011111000000000110011011111100000000011111000000000110011111111110000000011111000000000110011111111101000000011111000000000110011111111100100000011111000000000110011111111110100000011111000000000110011111111100010000011111000000000110011111111101010000011111000000000110011111111100001000011111000000000110011111111100101000011111000000000110011111111110101000011111000000000110011111111100000100011   000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000011000000001100000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000000111100
                                             表17
  在初始状态0或1(111000000000110011111111100000000011)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  111000000000110011111111100010100011111000000000110011111111101010100011111000000000110011111111100000010011111000000000110011111111100001010011111000000000110011111111100101010011111000000000110011111111110101010011111000000000110011111111100000001011111000000000110011111111100000101011111000000000110011111111100010101011111000000000110011111111101010101011111000000000110011111111100000000111111000000000110011111111100000010111111000000000110011111111100001010111111000000000110011111111100101010111111000000000110011111111110101010111111100000000110011111111100000000011111010000000110011111111100000000011111001000000110011111111100000000011111101000000110011111111100000000011111000100000110011111111100000000011111010100000110011111111100000000011111000010000110011111111100000000011111001010000110011111111100000000011111101010000110011111111100000000011111000001000110011111111100000000011111000101000110011111111100000000011111010101000110011111111100000000011111000000100110011111111100000000011111000010100110011111111100000000011111001010100110011111111100000000011111101010100110011111111100000000011111000000010110011111111100000000011111000001010110011111111100000000011111000101010110011111111100000000011111010101010110011111111100000000011111000000001110011111111100000000011111000000101110011111111100000000011111000010101110011111111100000000011111001010101110011111111100000000011111101010101110011111111100000000011111000000000111011111111100000000011111000000000110111111111100000000011   000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000000000111000000000000000000000000000000011001000000000000000000000000000001100001000000000000000000000000000110000001000000000000000000000000011000000001000111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000110000000011000000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000
同样，表18至19给出了在初始状态S2和S3中的同步字模式的错误模式的每位平方欧几里德距离。
                                           表18
  在初始状态2或3(110000000001110011111111100000000011)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  110000000001110010101010100000000011110000000001110010101011100000000011110000000001110010101111100000000011110000000001110010111111100000000011110000000001110001010101000000000011110000000001110001010101100000000011110000000001110001010111100000000011110000000001110001011111100000000011110000000001110001111111100000000011110000000000100011111111100000000011110000000001100011111111100000000011110000000001010011111111100000000011110000000000110011111111100000000011100000000001110011111111100000000011010000000001110011111111100000000011110000000001110011111111100000000010110000000001110011111111100000000001110000000001110011010101000000000011110000000001110011110101000000000011110000000001110011111101000000000011110000000001110011111111000000000011110000000001110011101010100000000011110000000001110011111010100000000011110000000001110011111110100000000011110000000001110011010101100000000011110000000001110011110101100000000011110000000001110011111101100000000011110000000001110011101011100000000011110000000001110011111011100000000011110000000001110011010111100000000011110000000001110011110111100000000011110000000001110011101111100000000011110000000001110011011111100000000011110000000001110011111111110000000011110000000001110011111111101000000011110000000001110011111111100100000011110000000001110011111111110100000011110000000001110011111111100010000011110000000001110011111111101010000011110000000001110011111111100001000011110000000001110011111111100101000011110000000001110011111111110101000011110000000001110011111111100000100011   000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000011000000001100000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000011000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000000000000111100
                                                   表19
  在初始状态2或3(110000000001110011111111100000000011)中的同步字模式
  错误模式   每位平方欧几里德距离
  110000000001110011111111100010100011110000000001110011111111101010100011110000000001110011111111100000010011110000000001110011111111100001010011110000000001111011111111100101111011110000000001110011111111110101010011110000000001110011111111100000001011110000000001110011111111100000101011110000000001110011111111100010101011110000000001110011111111101010101011110000000001110011111111100000000111110000000001110011111111100000010111110000000001110011111111100001010111110000000001110011111111100101010111110000000001110011111111110101010111111000000001110011111111100000000011110100000001110011111111100000000011110010000001110011111111100000000011111010000001110011111111100000000011110001000001110011111111100000000011110101000001110011111111100000000011110000100001110011111111100000000011110010100001110011111111100000000011111010100001110011111111100000000011110000010001110011111111100000000011110001010001110011111111100000000011110101010001110011111111100000000011110000001001110011111111100000000011110000101001110011111111100000000011110010101001110011111111100000000011111010101001110011111111100000000011110000000101110011111111100000000011110000010101110011111111100000000011110001010101110011111111100000000011110101010101110011111111100000000011110000000011110011111111100000000011110000001011110011111111100000000011110000101011110011111111100000000011110010101011110011111111100000000011111010101011110011111111100000000011110000000001111011111111100000000011110000000001110111111111100000000011   000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000000000111000000000000000000000000000000011001000000000000000000000000000001100001000000000000000000000000000110000001000000000000000000000000011000000001001111000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000110011000000000000000000000000000011000011000000000000000000000000001100000011000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000000000000000011001100000000000000000000000000001100001100000000000000000000000000110000001100000000000000000000000000000000011110000000000000000000000000000001100110000000000000000000000000000110000110000000000000000000000000011000000110000000000000000000000001100000000110000000000000000000000000000000000001111000000000000000000000000000000000111100000000000000000
工业实用性
如前所述，本发明使得可以从代码序列中区分块同步信号，并在数据读取或接收时识别由多个代码字组成的块的首部，其中使用块同步信号添加到该块的首部，并且其中当代码序列中连续相同位的最大长度设为Tmax＝8时，连续重复9个相同的位多于一次。
同样，本发明使得可以以任何通过认为同步字模式之间平方欧几里德距离小于4所有错误模式是同步字而允许的误差，来检测同步字，并在错误检测概率的没有任何增加的情况下，降低无法检测的概率。
同样，本发明使得可以在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，通过视起点状态彼此不同的块同步信号分别为唯一，并在终点彼此相同，而降低块同步信号的错误检测的概率，并使用具有检测窗的窗信号，即基于检测到的同步信号，检测块同步信号。
同样，本发明使得可以在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，通过视起点状态彼此不同的块同步信号分别为唯一，并在终点彼此相同，而进行稳定的尺度检测，并根据块同步信号的唯一性，使用块同步信号，在检测格子中检测块同步信号和TCPR维特比检测器的起点状态，并在检测块同步信号之后预置分支尺度(branch metric)。

Claims (13)

1.一种数据传输方法，其中通过在由多个代码字组成的块的首部添加块同步信号来传输数据，其中当代码序列中一连串相同位的最大长度为Tmax＝8时，块同步信号具有多于一个的连续9个相同位；
其中当把代码字放置在邻近数据块的任一端时，块同步信号在正好在块同步信号之前放置的代码字和块同步信号自身之间，以及块同步信号和正好在块同步信号之后放置的代码字之间没有多于9个的连续相同位；
其中块同步信号之后紧跟着检测格子随时间改变的结构，所述检测格子用于对包括来自传输信道输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测；
其中在检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中块同步信号的长度为代码长度的整数倍18。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中块同步信号的长度为代码长度的整数倍36。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其中相同的块同步信号包括三个连续的9个相同位。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，其中相同的块同步信号包括两个连续的3个相同位。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，在相同的块同步信号中，一连串9个相同位之前和之后分别放置有两个或更多位。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中，在块同步信号之前和之后分别放置有八个或更小的相同位。
8.一种数据传输方法，其中通过在由多个代码字组成的块的首部添加块同步信号来传输数据，其中在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中在检测格子中，当用不随时间改变检测方法从传输信道输出序列中检测到包括块同步信号的代码序列时，即使由一个错误的事件导致的错误同步信号也被检测为块同步信号。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中在检测格子中，当在起点状态彼此不同的块同步信号的交替数字和(ADS，alternating digital sum)彼此相同时，这些块同步信号彼此相同。
11.一种块同步信号检测方法，用于检测作为包括多个代码字的块的首部的附属物传输的块同步信号，其中：
在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同；并且
使用具有检测窗的窗信号，即基于检测到的同步信号进行块同步信号检测。
12.一种块同步信号检测方法，用于检测作为包括多个代码字的块的首部的附属物传输的块同步信号，其中：
在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同；并且
检测块同步信号，根据检测到的块同步信号的唯一性检测在检测格子中的块同步信号的起点状态，并在检测块同步信号之后预置分支尺度。
13.一种播放器，其中从具有预定特性的传输信道的输出序列中检测包括传输信号的代码序列，该播放器包括：
不随时间改变检测工具，用于从传输信道的输出序列中检测包括块同步信号的代码序列；
同步信号检测工具，用于从不随时间改变检测工具的输出信号中检测块同步信号，并输出该信息；
维特比检测工具，用从同步信号检测工具输出的块同步信息将其初始化，以使用具有随时间改变的结构，从传输信道输出序列中，进行对包括块同步信号的代码序列的维特比检测；以及
窗信号发生工具，用于基于由同步信号检测工具检测到的块同步信号和从维特比检测工具输出的检测结果，产生具有块同步信号检测窗的窗信号；
同步信号检测工具使用由窗信号发生工具产生的窗信号检测块同步信号；
其中在具有随时间改变的结构并用于对包括来自传输信道的输出序列的块同步信号的代码序列的最大似然性检测的检测格子中，在起点状态中彼此不同的块信号分别是唯一的，并在终点彼此相同；并且
同步信号检测工具根据检测到的块同步信号的唯一性，使用块同步信号，检测块同步信号和检测格子中块同步信号的起点状态，并在检测块不同信号之后检测分支尺度。
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