CN1281884A - Powdered adhesive for wood material - Google Patents
Powdered adhesive for wood material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1281884A CN1281884A CN 99110875 CN99110875A CN1281884A CN 1281884 A CN1281884 A CN 1281884A CN 99110875 CN99110875 CN 99110875 CN 99110875 A CN99110875 A CN 99110875A CN 1281884 A CN1281884 A CN 1281884A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- urea
- formaldehyde resin
- parts
- formaldehyde
- ammonium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention adopts compound hardening agent, formaldehyde binding agent, inorganic reinforcing filler, ageing-resisting modifying agent and active regulating agent to modify area-formaldehyde resin powder so as to obtain the invented powdered wood adhesive whose free aldehyde content is less than 0.02% and water-proofing property and ageing-resisting property are good.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of new powdered wood adhesive.
At present, the kind of wood adhesive becomes more diversified, and wherein prevailing have: several big classes such as resol, urea-formaldehyde resin, vinyl acetate between to for plastic, chloroprene rubber.The resol water-tolerant, the cohesive strength height, but cost an arm and a leg; Chloroprene rubber has quick solidifying, snappiness is good, intensity is high advantage, but organic solvent has made its consumption be limited in the very little scope to the pollution of environment.The vinyl acetate between to for plastic white glue with vinyl is of many uses, in wood bonding, shortcomings such as intensity is not high, curing is slow, water tolerance is bad is arranged.Urea-formaldehyde resin is the consumption maximum in wood industry, but also exists content of free aldehyde many, the problem that the shelf lives is short.
The object of the present invention is to provide the new powdered wood adhesive of a kind of low toxicity, its free formaldehyde content＜0.02%, tackiness agent of the present invention have quick solidifying, water-fast, ageing-resistant performance good, bonding strength is high, the shelf lives is long, advantage such as easy to operate.
The objective of the invention is to realize: make aldehyde less than 0.05% urea-formaldehyde resin powder through centrifugal spray drying by formaldehyde, urea, sodium hydroxide, formic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, trimeric cyanamide synthetic urea-formaldehyde resin solution by following approach, evenly become a kind of pale yellow powder through adding a series of batch mixes again, finally reach purpose of the present invention, produce a kind of tackiness agent that is widely used in wood working industry.
The processing step of tackiness agent of the present invention is as follows:
1. formaldehyde is poured in the reactor, started agitator, add 30% NaOH solution, the pH value of regulator solution is 7.5～8.0, is warming up to 40 ℃, adds 80% and polyvinyl alcohol of urea total amount;
2. after being incubated half an hour under 80～90 ℃ of temperature, add 20% and trimeric cyanamide of urea total amount;
3. adding 20% formic acid solution adjusting pH value after continuing to be incubated 15 minutes under 80～90 ℃ of temperature is 4～6, continuing to be incubated to soltion viscosity is that 15 seconds～30 seconds (being coated with-4 glasss of surveys) is reaction end, regulating the pH value with 30%NaOH solution immediately is 7.5～8.0, when treating that temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, filter discharging;
4. above-mentioned urea-formaldehyde resin solution through centrifugal motor speed be 18000～20000 rev/mins drying machine with centrifugal spray centrifugal drying make aldehyde less than 0.05%, granularity is 80 orders～120 purpose urea-formaldehyde resin powders, (urea-formaldehyde resin powder: viscosity water=1: 0.7) is between 500～10000 centipoises to its aqueous solution;
5. make new powdered wood adhesive after in urea-formaldehyde resin powder, adding composite curing agent, formaldehyde wedding agent, inorganic reinforcing filler, ageing-resistant properties-correcting agent, active regulator mixing.
In above-mentioned processing step, producing urea-formaldehyde resin powder is to be made by following material, and the weight part proportioning of various materials is: urea 100 formaldehyde 200～280 trimeric cyanamides 8～20 polyvinyl alcohol 1～1.5 sodium hydroxide 0.05～0.1 formic acid 0.1～0.15
The new powdered wood adhesive of final manufacturing is that following material preparation forms, the weight part proportioning is as follows: on the basis of 100 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin powders, add 2～10 parts of ammonium chlorides, 0.5～2 part of ammonium persulphate, 0～1 part of citric acid, 0～1 part of vulkacit H, 0～1 part in zinc sulfate, 1～3 part of tannin extract, 0～3 part in urea, 0.5～2 part of trimeric cyanamide, 2.0～8.0 parts of defatted soy flours, 0～10 part of starch, 0～5 part of kaolin, 0～2 part of talcum powder, 0～3 part of wilkinite, 0～5 part in diatomite, 2～8 parts of Secondary ammonium phosphates, 0～2.5 part of sodium phosphate, 0～1 part in magnesium oxide, 0～2.5 part of borax, boric acid is made for 0～2.5 part, wherein
What be made up of 0～1 part of 2～10 parts of ammonium chloride, 0.5～2 part of ammonium persulphate, 0～1 part of citric acid, 0～1 part of vulkacit H, zinc sulfate is composite curing agent.
What be made up of 0～10 part of 1～3 part of tannin extract, 0～3 part in urea, 0.5～2 part of trimeric cyanamide, 2.0～8.0 parts of defatted soy flours, starch is the formaldehyde wedding agent.
What be made up of 0～5 part of 0～5 part of kaolin, 0～2 part of talcum powder, 0～3 part of wilkinite, diatomite is inorganic reinforcing filler.
What be made up of 0～2.5 part of 2～8 parts of Secondary ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate is ageing-resistant properties-correcting agent.
What be made up of 0～2.5 part in 0～1 part in magnesium oxide, 0～2.5 part of borax, boric acid is active regulator.
Adopt the advantage of the new powdered tackiness agent of the present invention's production to be:
1. quick solidifying, bonding strength height;
2. content of free aldehyde is tending towards nontoxic less than 0.02%;
3. cold and hot pressure all can reach ideal effect;
4. water-fast, weathering resistance is good;
5. convenient transportation;
6. the shelf lives is long;
7. close with the timber color and luster, do not pollute timber.
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1: prepare urea-formaldehyde resin powder according to above-mentioned method, its parts by weight of raw materials is: urea 100 formaldehyde 260 trimeric cyanamides 10.5 polyvinyl alcohol 1.5 sodium hydroxide 0.06 formic acid 0.1
Make new powdered wood adhesive according to the following weight parts ratio again: urea-formaldehyde resin powder 100 ammonium chlorides 5 ammonium persulphates 2 tannin extracts 2 defatted soy flours 6 starch 10 trimeric cyanamides 1 kaolin 2 Secondary ammonium phosphates 3 sodium phosphates 2.5 magnesium oxide 0.1
Embodiment 2: according to above-mentioned method preparation and the identical urea-formaldehyde resin powder of embodiment 1 proportioning, make new powdered wood adhesive according to the following weight parts ratio again: urea-formaldehyde resin powder 100 ammonium chlorides 2.0 ammonium persulphates 2.0 citric acids 0.5 tannin extract 3 defatted soy flours 8 urea 3 trimeric cyanamides 2 talcum powder 1.5 Secondary ammonium phosphates 2.5 sodium phosphates 2.5 boraxs 2.0
Embodiment 3: according to above-mentioned method preparation and the identical urea-formaldehyde resin powder of embodiment 1 proportioning, make new powdered wood adhesive according to the following weight parts ratio again: urea-formaldehyde resin powder 100 ammonium chlorides 2.0 ammonium persulphates 2.0 vulkacit Hs 0.5 tannin extract 3 defatted soy flours 5 trimeric cyanamides 1 wilkinite 1 Secondary ammonium phosphate 6 boric acid 1.5
Embodiment 4: according to above-mentioned method preparation and the identical urea-formaldehyde resin powder of embodiment 1 proportioning, make new powdered wood adhesive according to the following weight parts ratio again: urea-formaldehyde resin powder 100 ammonium chlorides 10 ammonium persulphates 2.0 zinc sulfate 0.5 tannin extract 1.5 defatted soy flours 7.5 trimeric cyanamides 1.0 diatomite 3 Secondary ammonium phosphates 6 boric acid 1.5
Embodiment 5: according to above-mentioned method preparation and the identical urea-formaldehyde resin powder of embodiment 1 proportioning, make new powdered wood adhesive according to the following weight parts ratio again: urea-formaldehyde resin powder 100 ammonium chlorides 10 ammonium persulphates 2.0 tannin extracts 1.5 defatted soy flours 7.5 trimeric cyanamides 1.0 Secondary ammonium phosphates 6
Embodiment 6: according to the above-mentioned method preparation urea-formaldehyde resin powder identical with embodiment 1 proportioning, make new powdered wood adhesive according to the following weight parts ratio again: urea-formaldehyde resin powder 100 ammonium chlorides 2.0 ammonium persulfates 2.0 citric acids 0.5 hexa 0.5 zinc sulfate 0.5 tannin extract 3 defatted soy flours 8 urea 3 starch 6 melamines 2 talcum powder 1.5 kaolin 4 bentonites 2 diatomite 4 diammonium hydrogen phosphates 2.5 sodium phosphates 2.5 magnesia 0.5 boric acid 2 boraxs 2.0
The new powdered wood adhesive that the present invention produces can reach following technical indicator:
Outward appearance: pale yellow powder;
The active phase (20 ℃): 2 hours;
The self-vulcanizing time (20 ℃): 8 hours;
Normal pressure shearing resistance (pressurizeing after 20 hours):＞15Mpa;
Water-fast shearing resistance (boshing water 24 hours):＞10Mpa;
Shelf lives (20 ℃):＞12 months.
Annotate: are meant active phase, set time that rubber powder is by 1: 0.6～0.8 glue that adds the water furnishing.
Claims (1)
1. new powdered wood adhesive: the weight part proportioning that it is characterized in that various materials is: on the basis of 100 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin powders, add 2～10 parts of ammonium chlorides, 0.5～2 part of ammonium persulphate, 0～1 part of citric acid, 0～1 part of vulkacit H, 0～1 part in zinc sulfate, 1～3 part of tannin extract, 0～3 part in urea, 0.5～2 part of trimeric cyanamide, 2.0～8.0 parts of defatted soy flours, 0～10 part of starch, 0～5 part of kaolin, 0～2 part of talcum powder, 0～3 part of wilkinite, 0～5 part in diatomite, 2～8 parts of Secondary ammonium phosphates, 0～2.5 part of sodium phosphate, 0～1 part in magnesium oxide, 0～2.5 part of borax, boric acid is made for 0～2.5 part, and wherein the composition proportioning of urea-formaldehyde resin powder is urea 100 formaldehyde 200～280 trimeric cyanamides 8～20 polyvinyl alcohol 1～1.5 sodium hydroxide 0.05～0.1 formic acid 0.1～0.15
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991108752A CN1139645C (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Powdered adhesive for wood material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991108752A CN1139645C (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Powdered adhesive for wood material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1281884A true CN1281884A (en) | 2001-01-31 |
| CN1139645C CN1139645C (en) | 2004-02-25 |
Family
ID=5274760
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991108752A Expired - Fee Related CN1139645C (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Powdered adhesive for wood material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1139645C (en) |
Cited By (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1315967C (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2007-05-16 | 罗文圣 | Catalyst for artificial plate with low release content of free formaldehyde |
| CN101805235A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-08-18 | 北京市农林科学院 | Sulfur-coated urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101284973B (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2010-09-08 | 山东新港企业集团有限公司 | Filling agent special for glued board adhesive |
| CN101886351A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-17 | 山东光华板材有限公司 | Impregnating rubber for paper flame-retardant decorative plate |
| CN101012358B (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2011-02-02 | 永港伟方（北京）科技股份有限公司 | Increment agent for urea-formaldehyde resin, preparing method thereof and urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive |
| CN101870773B (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2011-09-28 | 永港伟方（北京）科技股份有限公司 | Composite urea formaldehyde resin curing agent as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102199408A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-09-28 | 深圳市恒晖信达科技有限公司 | Adhesive for wood |
| CN102757754A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Flame-retardant adhesive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102898987A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-30 | 苏州汾湖电梯有限公司 | Esterified-starch modified urea formaldehyde adhesive |
| CN102898986A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-30 | 苏州汾湖电梯有限公司 | Melamine-modified urea-formaldehyde glue and preparation method thereof |
| CN101606518B (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2013-03-20 | 山东美罗福农化有限公司 | Wettable powder pesticide for preventing caking and preparation method thereof |
| CN104087198A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-08 | 广西正堂药业有限责任公司 | Environment-friendly adhesive |
| CN104449504A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 云南司珈尔木业股份有限公司 | Special glue for fiberboard processing and preparation method thereof |
| CN105829476A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-08-03 | 株式会社Kcc | Binder composition and binding method using same |
| CN106118564A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-11-16 | 和县薛氏木制品制造有限公司 | A kind of plywood adhesive and preparation method thereof |
| CN106189966A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 和县薛氏木制品制造有限公司 | A kind of waterproof pluwood adhesive and preparation method thereof |
| CN106182220A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 和县薛氏木制品制造有限公司 | A kind of production technology of plywood |
| CN106217575A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-14 | 和县薛氏木制品制造有限公司 | A kind of production technology of waterproof pluwood |
| CN106318295A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-11 | 安徽美景工艺品有限公司 | Waterproof adhesive for cane weaving and preparation method of adhesive |
| CN107090255A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-25 | 江苏祥豪实业股份有限公司 | A kind of wood adhesive composite curing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107177326A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-19 | 贵港市鑫宏木业有限公司 | The special viscose glue mixture of bamboo plywood |
| CN108638262A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-10-12 | 阜南县永兴工艺品有限公司 | A method of improving high intensity herba fibraureae recisae material toughness |
| CN108865024A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-23 | 金隅微观（沧州）化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of melamine series mineral wool, rock wool abatvoix back paint glue |
| CN109096969A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-28 | 合肥绿普包装材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of powdery flame-retarded urea-formaldehyde resinoid bond |
| CN109306253A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-02-05 | 嘉木远景（北京）科技有限公司 | A kind of Lauxite activator and preparation method thereof |
| CN116199450A (en) * | 2023-02-02 | 2023-06-02 | 佳诺威集团股份有限公司 | Composite modifier for urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive |
-
1999
- 1999-07-23 CN CNB991108752A patent/CN1139645C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1315967C (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2007-05-16 | 罗文圣 | Catalyst for artificial plate with low release content of free formaldehyde |
| CN101012358B (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2011-02-02 | 永港伟方（北京）科技股份有限公司 | Increment agent for urea-formaldehyde resin, preparing method thereof and urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive |
| CN101284973B (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2010-09-08 | 山东新港企业集团有限公司 | Filling agent special for glued board adhesive |
| CN101870773B (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2011-09-28 | 永港伟方（北京）科技股份有限公司 | Composite urea formaldehyde resin curing agent as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN101606518B (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2013-03-20 | 山东美罗福农化有限公司 | Wettable powder pesticide for preventing caking and preparation method thereof |
| CN101805235A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-08-18 | 北京市农林科学院 | Sulfur-coated urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101805235B (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2013-03-27 | 北京市农林科学院 | Sulfur-coated urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101886351A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-17 | 山东光华板材有限公司 | Impregnating rubber for paper flame-retardant decorative plate |
| CN102199408A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-09-28 | 深圳市恒晖信达科技有限公司 | Adhesive for wood |
| CN102757754B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2014-04-02 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Flame-retardant adhesive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102757754A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Flame-retardant adhesive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102898986A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-30 | 苏州汾湖电梯有限公司 | Melamine-modified urea-formaldehyde glue and preparation method thereof |
| CN102898987A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-30 | 苏州汾湖电梯有限公司 | Esterified-starch modified urea formaldehyde adhesive |
| CN105829476B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2019-11-19 | 株式会社Kcc | Adhesive composition and the adhesive bonding method for utilizing it |
| CN105829476A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-08-03 | 株式会社Kcc | Binder composition and binding method using same |
| CN104087198A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-08 | 广西正堂药业有限责任公司 | Environment-friendly adhesive |
| CN104449504A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 云南司珈尔木业股份有限公司 | Special glue for fiberboard processing and preparation method thereof |
| CN106189966A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 和县薛氏木制品制造有限公司 | A kind of waterproof pluwood adhesive and preparation method thereof |
| CN106182220A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 和县薛氏木制品制造有限公司 | A kind of production technology of plywood |
| CN106217575A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-14 | 和县薛氏木制品制造有限公司 | A kind of production technology of waterproof pluwood |
| CN106118564A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-11-16 | 和县薛氏木制品制造有限公司 | A kind of plywood adhesive and preparation method thereof |
| CN106318295A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-11 | 安徽美景工艺品有限公司 | Waterproof adhesive for cane weaving and preparation method of adhesive |
| CN107177326A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-19 | 贵港市鑫宏木业有限公司 | The special viscose glue mixture of bamboo plywood |
| CN107090255B (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏祥豪实业股份有限公司 | A kind of wood adhesive composite curing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107090255A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-25 | 江苏祥豪实业股份有限公司 | A kind of wood adhesive composite curing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108638262A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-10-12 | 阜南县永兴工艺品有限公司 | A method of improving high intensity herba fibraureae recisae material toughness |
| CN108865024A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-23 | 金隅微观（沧州）化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of melamine series mineral wool, rock wool abatvoix back paint glue |
| CN109096969A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-28 | 合肥绿普包装材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of powdery flame-retarded urea-formaldehyde resinoid bond |
| CN109096969B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2020-12-08 | 安徽省福泰精细化工有限责任公司 | Preparation method of powdery flame-retardant urea-formaldehyde resin binder |
| CN109306253A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-02-05 | 嘉木远景（北京）科技有限公司 | A kind of Lauxite activator and preparation method thereof |
| CN116199450A (en) * | 2023-02-02 | 2023-06-02 | 佳诺威集团股份有限公司 | Composite modifier for urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1139645C (en) | 2004-02-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1139645C (en) | Powdered adhesive for wood material | |
| Zhao et al. | State of research and trends in development of wood adhesives | |
| CN101050342A (en) | Method for preparing environmental protection type binder in use for wood processing | |
| CN1111180C (en) | Water-proof lower-aldehyde urea-formaldehyde resin and its preparing process | |
| CN1621477A (en) | Urea-formaldehyde glue with low content of free aldehyde and its preparing method | |
| CN101580683A (en) | Modified urea-formaldehyde adhesive with low molar ratio for laminate flooring substrate | |
| CN113322024A (en) | Composite water-based crosslinking modifier and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN103589366A (en) | Compound extender for urea-formaldehyde resin | |
| CN1760295A (en) | Method for rpeparing powder coating of nylon | |
| CN102304337A (en) | Novel environmental-friendly modified glue for impregnated paper and preparation method thereof | |
| CN1046951C (en) | Resinous binder compositions | |
| CN1810845A (en) | Environment friendly quaternary thermosetting copolymer resin for high pressure laminated decorative board | |
| CN1664024A (en) | Light putty | |
| CN112322243B (en) | Waterproof polyamide-based adhesive and preparation method thereof | |
| CN100567430C (en) | With the W-Gum is Wood substance material adhesion agent and the manufacture method thereof that major ingredient is made | |
| CN116355563B (en) | Modified melamine adhesive and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102585130B (en) | Urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive produced by taking amino acid as formaldehyde catcher and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110172329A (en) | Rubber made from soybean cake with great friction coefficient and preparation method thereof and the application in making sheet | |
| CN104312053A (en) | Green and environment-friendly PVC (polyvinyl chloride) wood-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN1727423A (en) | Resin binder modified by Nano silicon dioxide, and preparation method | |
| CN114410013A (en) | Talcum powder filled polypropylene composite material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN1121084A (en) | Low-poison synthetic urea-formaldehyde resin glue and its production method | |
| CN106967272B (en) | Preparation method of high-cohesiveness and high-strength PA encapsulating material | |
| CN111303810B (en) | Preparation method of E0-grade modified urea-formaldehyde resin for bent plate | |
| WO1992001018A2 (en) | Formaldehyde resin curing agents |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |