CN1256113A - Optometer - Google Patents
Optometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1256113A CN1256113A CN 99124224 CN99124224A CN1256113A CN 1256113 A CN1256113 A CN 1256113A CN 99124224 CN99124224 CN 99124224 CN 99124224 A CN99124224 A CN 99124224A CN 1256113 A CN1256113 A CN 1256113A
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Abstract
The optometer has several vision records marked in the visual mark lines, and is used to record various visual status. Its use makes it possible to select reasonable and optimal visual record and it may be used as relationship table of different visual record. In addition,it may be used as one interim optometer for using ISO8596-94 optometer and its use will create condition for executing international standard ISO8596-94.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of ophthalmology examination of visual acuity instrument, especially each goes sighting target and vision record and examination of visual acuity thereof apart from the visual acuity chart of forming by the sighting target hurdle.
Visual acuity chart is basic, the most the most frequently used ophthalmology examination of visual acuity instrument.The widely used international standard visual acuity chart of China, the external c chart that uses all adopt single decimal vision record (being called for short the decimal record) 1/a, a is the sighting target visual angle, refer to that drawing of E shape is wide, the ring width of C ring, the visual angle of breach, because of the sighting target hurdle each the row sighting target the visual angle ratio differ too big, the sighting target line number that not only causes decimal record 0.1 to 0.3 very little, use inadequately during examination of visual acuity, needing increases the sighting target line number, and the curative effect that causes decimal record number can not directly make vision compares and statistics.The external Snellen visual acuity chart that is extensive use of adopts single mark vision record (being called for short the mark record) d/D, examination of visual acuity is recommended 4 meters (ophthalmology pandects/Li Fengming chief editor-Beijing: People's Health Publisher apart from 20 feet of the most employings of the d U.S., 6 meters of the most employings of Britain, 5 meters of the most employings of other country, vision committee of the American Academy of Sciences-NAS of the National Research Council-NRC, 1996.6, on roll up 759 pages, 386 pages); Mark writes down less number scale record trouble, and the visual angle ratio of each row sighting target is also inequality, and can not doing accurately, the vision curative effect compares and statistics.For this reason, the visual acuity chart of ISO8596-94 and CNS adopts the visual angle ratio of each row sighting target to be
Visual angle logarithm record and five member records, the curative effect that has solved vision preferably is relatively and add up.CNS GB11533-89 standard logarithmic visual acuity chart adopts five decilog visions record (being called for short five decilogs record or five member records) 5-log a, because of with light sensation, manually include shape in and feel that the visual angle calculates, cause shape to feel the unreasonable of the error of computing formula and five decilogs record; And minority five decilogs records number is overlapping with decimal record number as 1,2,2.5,3.0,4.0,5.0 etc., causes easily and obscures; Five member records and the conversion of decimal record be trouble, and five decilogs record number is difficult for understanding, than the difficult memory of decimal record number, uses also inconvenience, causes widely used decimal record to the five decilogs record transition of national standard, the difficulty that integrates with.International standard ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart adopts visual angle logarithm vision record (being called for short visual angle logarithm record or logarithm record) log a, visual angle logarithm record number becomes positive correlation with the visual angle number, and existing most vision record numbers become negative correlation with the visual angle number, and both are on the contrary; Visual angle logarithm record+1.0 ,+that 0.9......+0.1 and decimal write down is 1.0 to 0.1 overlapping, very easily obscure; The visual angle of twenty-twenty vision is 1 ', and the visual angle logarithm is recorded as 0, not only easily do not obscure with there being shape feel vision, and also not easily accepted by people; Visual angle logarithm record number is difficult for understanding, writes down the difficult memory of number than decimal, use also inconvenient, the national standard that causes part is to the transition of ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart, the difficulty that integrates with, and the visual acuity chart that causes various visions records is to visual angle logarithmic ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart transition, the difficulty that integrates with.The Snellen visual acuity chart proposed mark vision record first in 1862, with the advantage that its cheer and bright and long-term custom is used, though exist aforesaid shortcoming, was still abroad used more widely so far; The decimal record of the 11st c chart that international Society of Ophthalmology passes through in 1909 with advantages such as its easy, neat, easy memory, the uses of long-term custom, though exist aforesaid shortcoming, still is widely used so far.And the ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart of the approval in ISO/DIS8596 to 94 year that standard logarithmic visual acuity chart, the eighties of the Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) GB11533-89 that nineteen ninety implements come into effect, though the five fens vision records, the visual angle logarithm vision record that adopt have the advantage that compares and add up as curative effect, and the advantage of the national standard of being defined as, international standard arranged, be stranded and exist aforesaid multiple weak point, decimal record myopia value in contrast in its table, so the less use of its visual acuity chart so far is difficult to promote.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of visual acuity chart, can not only use by the multiple visual acuity chart of double as, put down in writing multiple vision record, and can be according to the purposes and the needs of examination of visual acuity, choose the most reasonable, only vision record, can also make the respective value synopsis of multiple vision record to the logarithm record transition of the visual angle of the visual acuity chart of ISO8596-94, the multiple vision record of the harmony in the exterior that integrates with.
For achieving the above object, solution of the present invention is: existing independently multiple separately visual acuity chart is done organically to merge, examination of visual acuity distance in regulation, each rower of sighting target hurdle and sighting target is watched attentively in the capable international standard visual acuity chart of existing visual acuity chart that power record forms or increase sighting target, increase the visual angle logarithm record of the first-selected ISO8596-94 of other vision reading control that does not have in its visual acuity chart of mark, the vision record of inferior anthology state standard, the decimal record, hypermetropia inspection distance is 5 meters, 6 meters, 20 feet corresponding mark record, myopia checks that distance is 30 centimetres, 25 centimetres, 33 centimetres, 31.5 centimetre, 1 foot, 28.3 centimetre corresponding mark record, among the vision of the other country's standard record a kind, multiple, whole vision records.According to the purposes and the needs of examination of visual acuity, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, freely choose the most reasonable, optimum, as to meet use habit vision record.
The examination of visual acuity distance of solution of the present invention regulation is: distant vision test chart is 5 meters, 6 meters, among 20 feet, 4 meters inspection distances wantonly a kind; Near vision test type is wantonly a kind among 30 centimetres, 25 centimetres, 33 centimetres, 31.5 centimetres, 1 foot, 28.3 centimetres the inspection distance.The inspection distance that also can shorten regulation is to enlarge the examination of visual acuity scope: when adopting the decimal record, check distance 0.1 ratio that whenever contracts, former decimal record number also dwindles 0.1 ratio; When adopting the mark record, the inspection distance of shortening is made the molecule of raw score record, and former denominator remains unchanged; Adopt the visual angle ratio to be
Or
The time, check that visual angle logarithm record number increases by 0.1, five decilog record number and reduces 0.1 apart from whenever dwindling 0.794 times.
The sighting target hurdle sighting target font of regulation is capable for Landolt C ring, three strokes of isometric E, in draw in capable and satisfactory substantially other letters in visual angle of short 1/5 E, numeral, the figure wantonly a kind.Distant vision test chart first trip sighting target visual angle is 10 ' or 20 ', and the visual angle ratio is
Or
The footline sighting target visual angle of distant vision test chart, near vision test type be in 1 ', 0.794 ', 0.63 ', 0.5 ' wantonly a kind, the visual angle ratio is
The footline sighting target visual angle of distant vision test chart, near vision test type be in 1 ', 0.774 ', 0.6 ', 0.464 ' wantonly a kind, sighting target hurdle sighting target line number is provided with as required.The visual angle ratio can equate
For in wantonly a kind, the visual angle ratio also can be unequal.
Since solution of the present invention to existing separately independently visual acuity chart done organically to melt.Close, increase vision record, decimal record, the multiple mark record of the visual angle logarithm record of the first-selected ISO8596-94 of other vision reading controls that does not have in its visual acuity chart of mark, inferior anthology state standard, among the vision record of other country's standard a kind, multiple, whole vision record.Not only can test eyesight by the multiple visual acuity chart of double as, and can put down in writing multiple vision record, accomplish a-table-multi-purpose; Not only can freely choose the most reasonable, only vision record, get the strong point of multiple vision record, and can remedy the weakness of other vision records, accomplish optimum selection according to purposes and needs.As when measuring vision, get the strong point that easy, the easy memory of decimal record, long-term custom are used, take decimal record record vision; When doing the comparison of vision curative effect, the strong point of the compared vision curative effect of the record of taking the logarithm, five member records, the logarithm record number or the five member record numbers that write down the number correspondence decimally carry out.Certainly the vision curative effect is measured and relatively the time, can be directly with the logarithm record transition table that integrates with.Not only can make multiple vision record to the transition of the visual angle of ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart logarithm record, the table that integrates with, and can make the respective value synopsis of multiple vision record.Along with multiple vision record in the widely used visual acuity chart constantly uses and contrasts, and multiple vision record constantly uses and contrasts among the GB11533-89 of less use, ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart, five decilogs record and visual angle logarithm record will be familiar with by people gradually, it is difficult for understanding, difficult memory uses unused shortcoming to desalinate gradually; And "+" of understanding visual angle logarithm record gradually number be not for emphasize on the occasion of, but emphasize the record difference of decimal with the decimal of decimal record of logarithm record, so writing down, the visual angle logarithm must not omit "+" number: for the visual acuity chart of implementing, carry out, promote national standard, ISO international standard builds up a solid foundation.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is that the 1st embodiment of the present invention-examination of visual acuity distance is the schematic diagram of a kind of visual acuity chart of being in equal proportions of 5 meters, the sighting target visual angle on sighting target hurdle.Fig. 2 is that the 2nd embodiment of the present invention-examination of visual acuity distance is 5 meters, the schematic diagram of the unequal a kind of visual acuity chart of sighting target visual angle ratio on sighting target hurdle.
In schematic diagram shown in Figure 1, the 4th straight hurdle is sighting target hurdle [4], and sighting target adopts the C ring of ISO8595-94 regulation better, is the convenient E of the employing shape of charting, and first trip sighting target visual angle is 10 ', and the visual angle ratio is
Or
, footline sighting target visual angle is 0.5 ', totally 14 row sighting targets; The visual angle logarithm record [1] that the 1st straight hurdle is the ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart is loga; The five decilogs records [2] that the 2nd straight hurdle is the GB11533-89 standard logarithmic visual acuity chart are 5-log a; The 3rd straight hurdle is 4 meters inspection corresponding mark records of distance [3] that vision committee of American Academy of Sciences-NAS of the National Research Council-NRC recommends, and is 4/D; The 5th straight hurdle is the domestic and international general decimal record [5] that the 11st world Society of Ophthalmology passes through, and is 1/a; The 6th straight hurdle is external general 6 meters inspection corresponding mark records of distance [6], is 6/D; The corresponding mark record [8] of 20 feet inspection distances that the 8th straight hurdle is an AM General is 20/D; The 7th straight hurdle is the mark record [7] of 5 meters general inspection distances of some country, is 5/D.
The visual acuity chart of embodiment 1 and ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart, GB11533-89 standard logarithmic visual acuity chart, sighting target visual angle ratio are
Or
The visual acuity chart of decimal record, 5 meters mark records general; Put down in writing visual angle logarithm record, five decilogs record, decimal record, 5 meters mark records of its visual acuity chart, also can put down in writing 4 meters, 6 meters, 20 feet corresponding mark record of above-mentioned vision record; Measure vision record decimally, when doing the comparison of vision curative effect, the logarithm record or five member records that write down the number correspondence decimally calculate, or calculate with the capable difference of sighting target.Along with continuous use, the contrast of multiple vision record, logarithm record in visual angle also is familiar with gradually, for most vision records write down transition, integrate with and created good condition to ISO8596-94 visual angle logarithm, can also make the corresponding numerical value synopsis of multiple vision record.Embodiment 1 is special as the special-purpose visual acuity chart of carrying out in ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart, the GB11533-89 visual acuity chart process, other visions write down transition, integrate with.
In schematic diagram shown in Figure 2, the 4th straight hurdle is sighting target hurdle [4], sighting target adopts the C ring better, for charting conveniently, this figure sighting target hurdle adopts 12 row sighting targets of the widely used international standard visual acuity chart of China, and the sighting target of increase decimal record 2.0 is capable, makes it and the standard visual acuity chart dual-purpose, also increase the triplex row sighting target of decimal record 0.12,0.15,0.25, make it shortcoming with standard logarithmic visual acuity chart, ISO8596-94 visual acuity chart dual-purpose and the too sparse not enough use of correction decimal record 0.1 to 0.3 row sighting target; The 1st straight hurdle is visual angle logarithm record [1], the 2nd straight hurdle is five decilogs records [2], the 3rd straight hurdle is 4 meters inspection corresponding mark records of distance [3], the 5th straight hurdle is a decimal record [5], the 6th straight hurdle is 6 meters inspection corresponding mark records of distance [6], the mark record [7] that the 7th straight hurdle is 5 meters inspection distances, the 8th straight hurdle are 20 feet inspection corresponding mark records of distance [8].
Claims (7)
1. one kind by the examination of visual acuity distance, each rower of sighting target hurdle and sighting target is watched the visual acuity chart that the power record is formed attentively, it is characterized in that: the visual angle logarithm record that increases the first-selected ISO8596-94 of other vision reading controls that does not have in its visual acuity chart of mark, the vision record of inferior anthology state standard, the decimal record, hypermetropia inspection distance is 5 meters, 6 meters, 20 feet corresponding mark records, myopia checks that distance is 30 centimetres, 25 centimetres, 33 centimetres, 31.5 centimetre, 1 foot, 28.3 centimetre corresponding mark record, among the vision of the other country's standard record a kind, multiple, whole vision records.
2. one kind by the examination of visual acuity distance, each rower of sighting target hurdle and sighting target is watched the international standard visual acuity chart that the power record is formed attentively, it is characterized in that after increasing by 4 row sighting targets in the visual acuity chart, increasing the visual angle logarithm record of the first-selected ISO8596-94 of other vision reading controls that does not have in its visual acuity chart of mark, the vision record of inferior anthology state standard, the decimal record, hypermetropia inspection distance is 5 meters, 6 meters, 20 feet corresponding mark records, myopia checks that distance is 30 centimetres, 25 centimetres, 33 centimetres, 31.5 centimetre, 1 foot, 28.3 centimetre corresponding mark record, among the vision of the other country's standard record a kind, multiple, whole vision records.
3. visual acuity chart as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: distant vision test chart inspection distance is among 5 meters, 6 meters, 20 feet, 4 meters wantonly a kind, and the near vision test type inspection is apart from being among 30 centimetres, 25 centimetres, 33 centimetres, 31.5 centimetres, 1 foot, 28.3 centimetres wantonly a kind.
4. visual acuity chart as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: in the sighting target hurdle sighting target for Landolt C ring, three strokes of isometric E shapes, in draw short 1/5 E shape and meet in other letters that the visual angle requires, numeral, the figure wantonly a kind substantially.
5. visual acuity chart as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the sighting target hurdle each the row sighting target the visual angle ratio can equate be
In wantonly a kind, the visual angle ratio also can be unequal.
6. visual acuity chart as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the first trip sighting target visual angle of distant vision test chart is 10 ' or 20 ', and the first trip sighting target visual angle of near vision test type is 10 ' or 100 ', and the visual angle ratio is
Or
The distant vision test chart or the footline sighting target visual angle of near vision test type be in 1 ', 0.794 ', 0.63 ', 0.5 ' wantonly a kind; The sighting target visual angle is
The distant vision test chart or the footline sighting target visual angle of near vision test type be in 1 ', 0.774 ', 0.6 ', 0.464 ' wantonly a kind.
7. visual acuity chart as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: use and shorten the examination scope of examination of visual acuity apart from the expansion vision: when adopting the decimal record, the inspection distance is whenever dwindled 0.1 ratio, and former decimal writes down number and also dwindles 0.1 ratio; When adopting the mark record, the inspection distance of shortening is made the molecule of raw score record, and former denominator remains unchanged; Adopt the visual angle ratio to be
Or
The time, check that visual angle logarithm record number increases by 0.1, five decilog record number and reduces 0.1 apart from whenever dwindling 0.794 times.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991242246A CN1172627C (en) | 1999-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Optometer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991242246A CN1172627C (en) | 1999-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Optometer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1256113A true CN1256113A (en) | 2000-06-14 |
| CN1172627C CN1172627C (en) | 2004-10-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991242246A Expired - Fee Related CN1172627C (en) | 1999-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Optometer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1172627C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100362962C (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2008-01-23 | 中国人民解放军海军总医院 | General type visual chart |
| CN113017553A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 北京大学第三医院（北京大学第三临床医学院） | Multifunctional vision examination box |
-
1999
- 1999-12-07 CN CNB991242246A patent/CN1172627C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100362962C (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2008-01-23 | 中国人民解放军海军总医院 | General type visual chart |
| CN113017553A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 北京大学第三医院（北京大学第三临床医学院） | Multifunctional vision examination box |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1172627C (en) | 2004-10-27 |
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