CN1250431A - 氢氟烃的异构化 - Google Patents

氢氟烃的异构化 Download PDF

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CN1250431A
CN1250431A CN98803371A CN98803371A CN1250431A CN 1250431 A CN1250431 A CN 1250431A CN 98803371 A CN98803371 A CN 98803371A CN 98803371 A CN98803371 A CN 98803371A CN 1250431 A CN1250431 A CN 1250431A
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hydrogen
hfc1
reactor
isomerization
temperature
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CN1127458C (zh
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S·胡布
D·圭勒特
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Arkema France SA
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Elf Atochem SA
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/35Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or of halogen atoms in the reaction
    • C07C17/358Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or of halogen atoms in the reaction by isomerisation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

为将具有一定热力学稳定性的氢氟烃(HFC1)异构化为具有较高热力学稳定性的氢氟烃(HFC 2),本发明在氢气存在下,于500℃以上的温度对氢氟烃HFC1进行热处理。无须使用催化剂的该方法特别是用于将1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷异构化为1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷。

Description

氢氟烃的异构化
涉及氟代烃领域的本发明的目的是氢氟烃(HFC)的异构化,更具体地说,是1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(F134)异构化为1,1, 1,2-四氟乙烷(F134a)。
F134a是一种替代氯氟烃(CFC)和氢氯氟烃(HCFC)的氢氟烃,由于对地球臭氧层的危害作用,氯氟烃和氢氯氟烃已被禁用或正在被禁用。
已知有几种得到F134a的方法,即:
—1-氯-2,2,2-三氯乙烷(F133a)的气相或液相氟化;
—三氯乙烯的液相氟化;
—1,1-二氯-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷(F114a)或1-氯-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷(F124)的氢解;
—1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(134)的异构化。
根据文献,后一方法使用催化剂进行,如专利EP365296和JP03261731描述了使用铬基催化剂,专利US4902838要求保护的是一种氟化氧化铝型催化剂,专利JP02115135优选使用氯氟化铝型催化剂。一种催化剂的使用并不总是足够的,于是,专利US4902838要求在介质中输入氧气以保持催化剂在反应期间内的活性,而专利申请WO95/15300则要求输入氯离子源。
我们现在发现不使用催化剂,仅在氢气存在下通过简单的热处理即可将F134异构化为F134a。该方法还可用于其它HFC的异构化,例如将1,1,2-三氟乙烷(F143)异构化成1,1,1-三氟乙烷(F143a),或将1,2-二氟乙烷(F152)异构化为1,1-二氟乙烷(F152a)。
因此,本发明的目的是提供将具有一定热力学稳定性的氢氟烃(HFC1)异构化为具有较高热力学稳定性的氢氟烃(HFC2)的方法,其特征在于在氢气存在下在500℃以上的温度对氢氟烃HFC1进行热处理。
本发明的异构化法有利的实施温度范围为500-1000℃,优选600-750℃。
反应压力可以在0.1-50巴之间,但优选在常压至20巴下操作。
摩尔比H2/HFC1可以是1-100,但通常优选摩尔比2-20。可用惰性气体,例如氦气或氮气稀释进入反应器的反应物气流(HFC1和H2)。
可在很宽的范围内调节反应物在反应器加热部分的停留时间,温度越高停留时间越短,通常在0.1-1000秒,优选在1-300秒之间。
异构化可以在空反应器,即没有填料的反应器中进行,但反应器中可以装备有热电偶和折流板。反应器可用石英或金属制造。在该情况下,制造反应器的金属材料选自镍、铁、钛、铬、钼、钴、金或这些金属的合金。特别是为抑制腐蚀作用或催化现象,选择的金属可以是实心的或以其箔包在其它金属上,如在内表面上包金的反应器。
可以用以下实施例说明本发明,但不是对其进行限定。实施例1-3
在常压下,试验在长度为47cm和内径为2.1cm的石英管反应器中进行,反应器放置在功率1.5kW的电炉中,电炉的温度用热电偶测定。
同时输入反应物(F134和H2),用质量流量计控制流量,从而控制摩尔比。
通过反应器出口处的在线色谱仪(GC)对气态产物进行分析。
下表概括了操作条件和得到的结果。
实施例 1 2 3
  操作条件:—温度(℃)—氢气流量(mmol/h)—F134流量(mmol/h)—停留时间(秒) 70050950.410 700187.19621 70029.931.795
  结果:—F134的转化率—F134a的选择性 23%81% 27%82% 47%81%
实施例4-6在常压下,试验在长度为47cm和内径为1.5cm的石英管反应器中进行,反应器放置在功率1.5kW的电炉中,电炉的温度用热电偶测定。
下表概括了操作条件和得到的结果。
实施例 4 5 6
  操作条件:—温度(℃)—氢气流量(mmol/h)—F134流量(mmol/h)—停留时间(秒) 700301.315.24.9 700141.515.29.9 70059.815.220.6
  结果:—F134的转化率—F134a的选择性 13%84% 24%78% 38%79%
实施例7与实施例1-3的操作相同,但用相同尺寸的铬镍铁合金(Inconel600)反应器代替石英反应器,操作在如下条件下进行:
—温度          700℃
—氢气流量      29.9mmol/h
—F134流量      31.7mmol/h
—停留时间      95秒
该条件下F134的转化率为44%,F134a的选择性为74%。实施例8-9
与实施例1-3的操作方法相同,但用氦气代替氢气。下表概括了操作条件和得到的结果:
实施例 8 9
  操作条件:—温度(℃)—氢气流量(mmol/h)—F134流量(mmol/h)—停留时间(秒) 700312.122.318 70035.331.795
  结果:—F134的转化率—F134a的选择性 3%33% 15%60%

Claims (6)

1.一种将具有一定热力学稳定性的氢氟烃(HFC1)异构化为具有较高热力学稳定性的氢氟烃(HFC2)的方法,其特征在于在氢气存在下于500℃以上的温度对氢氟烃HFC1进行热处理。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中反应在500-1000℃,优选在600-750℃之间的温度下进行。
3.权利要求1或2的方法,其中反应在0.1-50巴之间,优选在常压下,或在常压至20巴之间的压力下进行。
4.权利要求1-3中的任何一种方法,其中氢气/氢氟烃(HFC1)的摩尔比为1-100,优选2-20。
5.权利要求1-4中的任何一种方法,其中反应在由金属或石英制造的空反应器中进行。
6.权利要求1-5中的任何一种方法,其中被异构化的氢氟烃(HFC1)是1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷。
CN98803371A 1997-01-17 1998-01-09 氢氟烃的异构化 Expired - Lifetime CN1127458C (zh)

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FR9700477A FR2758556B1 (fr) 1997-01-17 1997-01-17 Isomerisation d'hydrofluorocarbures
FR97/00477 1997-01-17

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FR (1) FR2758556B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1998031650A1 (zh)

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CN105294387A (zh) * 2015-10-22 2016-02-03 北京宇极科技发展有限公司 制备氯氟环戊烯同分异构体的方法

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US20020032356A1 (en) * 2000-07-14 2002-03-14 Gelblum Peter Gideon Synthesis of perfluoroolefins
JP7395422B2 (ja) * 2020-05-22 2023-12-11 ダイキン工業株式会社 フルオロエチレンの製造方法

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US2315871A (en) * 1941-04-24 1943-04-06 Phillips Petroleum Co Process for treating monohalides
GB8824571D0 (en) * 1988-10-20 1988-11-23 Ici Plc Chemical process
JP2638146B2 (ja) 1988-10-21 1997-08-06 旭硝子株式会社 水素含有フルオロ炭化水素の異性化法
US4902838A (en) * 1988-12-28 1990-02-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Isomerization of saturated fluorohydrocarbons
JPH03261731A (ja) 1990-03-09 1991-11-21 Daikin Ind Ltd 1,1,1,2―テトラフルオロエタンの製造方法
US5030372A (en) * 1990-07-31 1991-07-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Catalytic equilibration to improve the relative yield of selected halocarbons
GB9324814D0 (en) 1993-12-03 1994-01-19 Ici Plc Production of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105294387A (zh) * 2015-10-22 2016-02-03 北京宇极科技发展有限公司 制备氯氟环戊烯同分异构体的方法
CN105294387B (zh) * 2015-10-22 2017-04-05 北京宇极科技发展有限公司 制备氯氟环戊烯同分异构体的方法

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US6232513B1 (en) 2001-05-15
EP0975567B1 (fr) 2002-04-10
DE69804782D1 (de) 2002-05-16
DE69804782T2 (de) 2002-11-07
WO1998031650A1 (fr) 1998-07-23
FR2758556A1 (fr) 1998-07-24
EP0975567A1 (fr) 2000-02-02
FR2758556B1 (fr) 1999-02-19
JP4179482B2 (ja) 2008-11-12
CN1127458C (zh) 2003-11-12
JP2001508786A (ja) 2001-07-03

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