CN1198509C - Method for producing extracted liquor of seaweed for promoting growth of plant, obtained seaweed extracted liquor and compound fertilizer thereof - Google Patents
Method for producing extracted liquor of seaweed for promoting growth of plant, obtained seaweed extracted liquor and compound fertilizer thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1198509C CN1198509C CN 99103545 CN99103545A CN1198509C CN 1198509 C CN1198509 C CN 1198509C CN 99103545 CN99103545 CN 99103545 CN 99103545 A CN99103545 A CN 99103545A CN 1198509 C CN1198509 C CN 1198509C
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- compound fertilizer
- extracted liquor
- alkaline hydrolysis
- seaweed
- acidolysis
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Abstract
The present invention provides a preparation method for a seaweed extracting solution. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) alkaline hydrolysis is carried out on frozen seaweed at 80 to 100 DEG C under normal pressure and with a pH value from 8 to 10; (2) acidolysis is carried out at a room temperature under normal pressure and with a pH value from 1.7 to 3.2; (3) filtrates are combined to obtain the seaweed extracting solution of the present invention. The present invention also provides a compound fertilizer and an application thereof to the regulation of plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method that is used to promote the seaweed extracted liquor of plant growing, resulting seaweed extracted liquor and compound fertilizer thereof.Specifically, relate to, particularly from sea-tangle, extract the effective ingredient of regulating and promoting plant growing, and utilize the composite natural organic fertilizer material of these compositions from marine alga.
Background technology
Now, in areas such as Northern Europe and North Americas, many fertilizer sales that obtain of being produced by marine alga are arranged.This series products for example has Kelpak 66, and it is produced by Cape Town, RSA Kelp Products Co., Ltd.Kelpak 66 extracts from Ecklonia maxima, its production technology is cell rupture technology (cell burstprocess), this technology comprises: the Ecklonia maxima particle that grinds is sprayed into environment under low pressure under high pressure, obtaining liquid concentration liquid thus (sees, Seaweed Resources in Europe, Use ofPotential, chapter 3,65-81 page or leaf).United States Patent (USP) 4043788 also discloses a kind of fertilizer that utilizes marine alga, and it comprises fish and water hydrolysis products and hydrolyzing seaweed product, and one of production method of hydrolyzing seaweed product wherein is to handle marine alga with alkali or acid solution under HTHP.Yet the technology of these product processes is complicated, needs expensive equipment, as technology and equipment such as employing high temperature, high pressure, sprayings, thereby has strengthened cost.Therefore, need provide a kind of simple, from marine alga, extract the method for plant modifying agent cheaply.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of improvedly from marine alga, particularly from sea-tangle, extract the method for plant growth regulator.
Another object of the present invention provides the seaweed extracted liquor that is obtained by said method.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of compound fertilizer that comprises above-mentioned seaweed extracted liquor.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method of coordinate plant growth.
The inventor by regulating and control temperature and the pH in alkaline hydrolysis and the acidolysis reaction process, can extract the growth hormone that is used to promote plant growing through deep discovering easily from marine alga such as sea-tangle under normal pressure.The production method of seaweed extracted liquor of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) at normal pressure, 80-100 ℃, under the condition of pH=8-10 freezing marine alga is carried out alkaline hydrolysis, filter the filtrate and the filter residue that obtain alkaline hydrolysis; (2) in atmospheric pressure at room, under the condition of pH=1.7-3.2, filter residue or the freezing marine alga of another batch that is obtained by step (1) carried out acidolysis, filter the filtrate that obtains acidolysis; (3) filtrate of acidolysis and alkaline hydrolysis is mixed, promptly obtain seaweed extracted liquor of the present invention.
Embodiment
The method according to this invention, wherein used marine alga can be Ascophyllum nodosum (AsophyllumNodosum), Fucus (Fucus), kelp class (Ecklonic maxima) and horse hair algae (Sargassum), particularly bulk kelp class (sea-tangle, Kelp), comprise Macrocystis, Nereocystis, Laminaria is as Japanese sea-tangle (Laminaria Japonica) and Laminaria digitata.These marine algas can be spontaneous growth or propagate artificially, they all can be purchased and obtain.It most preferably is the Japanese sea-tangle of propagating artificially.
According to the present invention, described freezing marine alga is meant marine alga freezing at least-10 ℃.
In the present invention, so-called alkaline hydrolysis is meant under alkali condition and is hydrolyzed.In the alkaline hydrolysis process, pH is controlled at 8-10, and pH is too high promptly greater than 10, and condition too play is split, thereby has destroyed the active ingredient in the marine alga, and pH is suitable for the active ingredient of extraction under the alkali condition such as the release of all kinds of plant regulin less than 8 in the then unfavorable marine alga.The pH value of preferred alkaline hydrolysis is 8.3-9.5.More preferably 8.5-9.5.
The available alkali commonly used of the pH value of alkaline hydrolysis process of the present invention is regulated, as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potash, sodium bicarbonate, saleratus, potassium hydrogen phosphate, dibastic sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate and composition thereof; Preferred sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, potassium hydrogen phosphate, dibastic sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and composition thereof of using; Especially preferably use K
2HPO
4And/or KH
2PO
4, most preferably use K
2HPO
4And KH
2PO
4The buffer solution of forming can be regulated pH so on the one hand more effectively in desired pH scope, on the other hand because phosphate itself is exactly the needed fertilizer of plant growing, therefore, alkaline hydrolysis afterwards phosphate may reside in the filtrate and need not to remove.The weight ratio of freezing sea-tangle and alkaline solution there is no strict restriction, is generally from 3: 1-1: 5, preferred 1: 1-1: 2.
In the alkaline hydrolysis process, the temperature of reaction is controlled at 80-100 ℃.Reaction temperature is spent low, certainly will prolong the reaction time, can cause the destruction of active ingredient; Reaction temperature is too high, also can greatly destroy active ingredient.Preferable reaction temperature is at 85-100 ℃, more preferably at 90-100 ℃.
Among the present invention, the time of alkaline hydrolysis process is 10-30 minute.Time is too short, influences product yield, and overlong time then can be destroyed active ingredient.The time of alkaline hydrolysis and the granular relevant of handled freezing marine alga.Usually, when carrying out alkaline hydrolysis, freezing marine alga is cut into the bulk of 1-6 centimeter length, as 2-5 centimetre or 2-3 centimetre.It is littler or bigger also freezing marine alga can be cut into granularity.
Alkaline hydrolysis of the present invention makes polyphenol oxidase, the oxidase that various protease and other destroy phytokinin lost efficacy, thereby help extracting phytokinin, avoid all kinds of plant regulin to lose efficacy or the destruction that is decomposed simultaneously, fully extracted the trace element and the somatomedin that in alkaline medium, dissolve.
Acidolysis of the present invention can be carried out acidolysis to filter residue after alkaline hydrolysis is finished, also can directly carry out acidolysis to the freezing marine alga of another batch.Preferably the filter residue that alkaline hydrolysis is obtained carries out acidolysis, can utilize marine algae resource better like this, reduces cost.
Acidolysis process pH of the present invention is 1.7-3.2.PH is too high as greater than 3.2, can not fully extract the somatomedin and the trace element that can be dissolved in the acid medium.PH is less than 1.7, and then acidity is too high, can destroy active ingredient wherein.Preferred pH is 2.0-3.0, and preferred pH is 2.2-2.8.The amount of acid medium there is no strict restriction, is generally freezing marine alga or alkaline hydrolysis filter residue 0.5-5 times, and preferred 1-2 doubly.
Acidolysis process pH of the present invention can regulate with acid commonly used, and example hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid also can adopt the pH buffer solution of pH value between 1.7-3.2 to carry out.The preferred hydrochloric acid that uses.
Acidolysis is generally at room temperature carried out, and as 0-40 ℃, preferably at 5-35 ℃, most preferably carries out under 10-30 ℃.Equally, temperature is low excessively, and reaction velocity is slow excessively, can influence extract yield; And temperature is too high, as greater than 40 ℃, can cause loss of effective components.Acidolysis process of the present invention is 10-40 minute, and the time is too short, influences product yield, and overlong time then can be destroyed active ingredient.
Also carry out acidolysis if both marine alga is carried out alkaline hydrolysis, then must carry out alkaline hydrolysis earlier, re-use acidolysis.Because after the acidolysis, can form a large amount of gels, and unfavorable alkalescence operation.After acidolysis is finished, filter and obtain acidolysis filtrate.The filtrate merging that alkaline hydrolysis and acidolysis are obtained obtains extract of the present invention then.If desired, can be with above-mentioned acid or alkali etc., the pH value of extract is adjusted to 6.8-7.8, preferred 7.0-7.5.
Contain in the extract of the present invention: auxins is Benzazole compounds, zeatin, gibberellin compounds, cytokinin compounds, mannitol, poly phenol, and trace element manganese, cobalt, zirconium, lanthanum, copper, zinc, iron, boron, molybdenum, magnesium.
In alkaline hydrolysis and soda acid process, carry out the stirring of appropriateness, thereby raw material is fully contacted with acid or alkali, more help the extraction of active ingredient.
According to the present invention, a kind of compound fertilizer also is provided, it contains seaweed extracted liquor and the composite composition of fertilizer commonly used that said method is produced.
In the above-mentioned compound fertilizer, the amount of seaweed extracted liquor can be by its purposes and occupation mode and is decided.Usually seaweed extracted liquor accounts for the 10-90% of compound fertilizer, preferred 10-50%, more preferably 20-40%.
Be usually used in the composite composition of fertilizer and include but not limited to urea, nitrogenous fertilizer (as sulfate of ammoniac), phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, humus/salt etc. and composition thereof.Preferred compound fertilizer comprises urea and humus/salt.
The method for preparing compound fertilizer comprises preparation method commonly used, for example above-mentioned seaweed extracted liquor sneaked in the above-mentioned composite composition, if desired, and again can be with above-mentioned acid or alkali etc., the pH value of compound fertilizer is adjusted to 6.8-7.8, preferred 7.0-7.5.
Compound fertilizer of the present invention can be used for economic crops such as cucumber, tomato, and rape, celery, tobacco, strawberry, cotton, peanut, the foliar application of muskmelon etc. and flowers also can be used for seed soaking, soaks seed as wheat.For transplanting crop, compound fertilizer dilution 400-800 of the present invention doubly after, transplant again after will seedlings root soaking into, can promote seedling to survive like this and grow.
The using method of compound fertilizer of the present invention is: doubly as 600-800 times of foliage-spray crop, or dilution 300-600 such as 400-500 doubly are used for soaking seed with compound fertilizer product dilute with water 500-1000.Also can use without composite direct above-mentioned seaweed extracted liquor is diluted, for spraying, its consumption is every mu of each consumption 20-50 milliliter.But preferably use above-mentioned compound fertilizer, because can provide nutrient widely by composite its.
Compound fertilizer of the present invention contains plant growth regulator, and during use, its amount can not be excessive, decide on different crop with amount the period of using, for example for leaf type plant such as cabbage, spinach, rape, fruit vegetable plants such as cucumber, tomato, strawberry, every mu of each consumption 80-100 milliliter.
Seaweed extracted liquor of the present invention and compound fertilizer thereof have many effects: (1) promotes plant root system development, makes full use of, absorbs nutrient; (2) increase plant leaf area, improve photosynthesis; (3) strengthen retention capacity of soil.Therefore, can improve output, promote the crop precocity, improve the soil, improve crop quality, improve the disease and insect resistance cold tolerance and prolong storage period.
With specific embodiment the present invention is described below, but is not to be used for limiting the scope of the invention.Those skilled in the art can make a little adjustment and change to the present invention, but these change in claim scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Under normal pressure, get the freezing Japanese sea-tangle of 1kg, put into 3kg pH and be controlled at 9.0 ± 0.3 Na
2CO
3In the solution, appropriateness stirs (100rpm), and the temperature of solution is controlled at 95 ± 2 ℃, and reaction was filtered through 20 minutes; Is 2.5 HCl solution 25 ℃ room temperatures with the pH of weight such as gained filter residue adding, and appropriateness stirs (100rpm), and with the HCl control pH value of 0.01N 2.5 ± 0.3,25 minutes reaction time, filtration; The filtrate that two steps are obtained merges, and obtains the present invention Japan kelp extract.
Embodiment 2
Under normal pressure, get the freezing Japanese sea-tangle of 1kg, put into 2kg K
2HPO
4-KH
2PO
4In the buffer solution (2mM), appropriateness stirs (60rpm), and pH value of solution is adjusted to 9 ± 0.3 by adding 0.01NNaOH solution, the control solution temperature 80 ℃ 30 minutes, filter then.In room temperature, filter residue adding 1kg pH is 3.0 H
2SO
4Solution stirs (60rpm, 10 minutes) through appropriateness and filters, and twice filtration promptly obtained Japanese kelp extract of the present invention filtrate merging.
Embodiment 3
Under normal pressure, get the freezing bright sea-tangle of 1Kg, drop into the K that 1Kg boils
2HPO
4-KH
2PO
4(0.01N) in the buffer solution, regulating pH with 0.01N NaOH is 8.3-8.5, and in 90 ± 3 ℃ of maintenances 10-15 minute, filtered while hot got filtrate (A) then under stirring, and filter residue gives over to acidolysis and uses.With filter residue with etc. the water of weight mix, regulating pH with the hydrochloric acid of 2N is 2-3.0 stirring at room 40 minutes, (B) filters to get filtrate.Then, filtrate A and the B mixing with twice filtration obtains extract of the present invention.In above-mentioned extract, add the urea of 0.75Kg, the humus of 0.75Kg is used 0.01NK again
2HPO
4-KH
2PO
4Buffer solution is diluted to 5 kilograms to mixed liquor, and this pitchy liquid is final complex fertilizer product, and proportion is 1.08-1.12g/cm
3, pH=7.3-7.5.
Embodiment 4
Mode by embodiment 1 makes extract, adds 0.5kg urea then, the 0.5kg humate, and add 0.01N K
2HPO
4-KH
2PO
4To 5kg, regulating compound fertilizer pH is 7.1.
Effect embodiment:
Application process: the compound fertilizer of using the foregoing description 3 dilutes 600 times and uses with each 80 milliliters.When being used for rape, celery, spray for the first time, spray again every 1-2 week later on, 3-4 time altogether in sprouting or tri-leaf period.To cucumber, tomato, tobacco, strawberry, cotton, muskmelon or watermelon etc., sprout the back spray for the first time, spray is sprayed for the third time before blooming for the second time behind the slow seedling of transplanting, and the 1-2 of blooming sprays the 4th after week, totally 4 times.For peanut, soybean etc., sprout when the back true leaf occurs and spray for the first time, spray is the 2nd time before blooming, and the 1-2 of blooming sprays after week the 3rd time.For flowers, before blooming, spray 2-3 time behind the seed germination.
(i) to cucumber, tomato, rape, celeries etc. are used above-mentioned kelp extract compound fertilizer, volume increase 10-20%, fruit vegetables does sth. in advance 5-7 days harvest time, and freshness date prolongs.
(ii) to tobacco, strawberry, cotton, peanut, muskmelon, watermelons etc. are used this product, volume increase 10-20%.Muskmelon, sugariness of water-melon increase.
(iii) use above-mentioned compound fertilizer dilution to carry out wheat seed soaking, volume increase 10～15%.
(iv) be applied to flowers (gladiolus) early flowering 4-7 days, bennet is frangibility not.
Claims (16)
1. production method that is used to promote the seaweed extracted liquor of plant growing, it comprises the following steps:
(1) under the normal pressure, be 80-100 ℃ in temperature, pH is under the condition of 8-10, and right marine alga freezing below-10 ℃ carried out alkaline hydrolysis 10-30 minute, filters then, obtains the filtrate A and the filter residue of alkaline hydrolysis;
(2) under the normal pressure, be 5-35 ℃ in temperature, pH is under the condition of 1.7-3.2, and freezing marine alga carried out acidolysis 10-40 minute below the filter residue that step (1) is obtained or another batch-10 ℃, filtered then, obtained the liquor B of acidolysis;
(3) the filtrate A of alkaline hydrolysis and the liquor B mixing of acidolysis are promptly obtained seaweed extracted liquor.
2. the process of claim 1 wherein that the temperature of step (1) is 85-100 ℃.
3. the method for claim 2, wherein, the temperature of step (1) is 90-100 ℃.
4. the process of claim 1 wherein that the pH of step (1) is 8.3-9.5.
5. the method for claim 4, wherein, the pH of step (1) is 8.5-9.5.
6. the process of claim 1 wherein that the temperature of step (2) is 10-30 ℃.
7. the process of claim 1 wherein that the pH of step (2) is 2.0-3.0.
8. the method for claim 7, wherein, the pH of step (2) is 2.2-2.8
9. the process of claim 1 wherein that the time of alkaline hydrolysis is 10-20 minute.
10. the method for claim 9, wherein, the time of alkaline hydrolysis is 15 minutes.
11. the process of claim 1 wherein that the time of acidolysis is 10-25 minute.
12. the marine alga that the process of claim 1 wherein is Japanese sea-tangle.
13. a compound fertilizer, it contains seaweed extracted liquor and the composite composition of fertilizer commonly used that the described method of one of claim 1-12 obtains.
14. the compound fertilizer of claim 13, described seaweed extracted liquor are kelp extract.
15. being re-dubbed, the compound fertilizer of claim 13, described fertilizer be divided into urea, humus and potassium phosphate salt.
16. the method for a coordinate plant growth comprises to plant applying the described compound fertilizer of one of claim 13-15.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99103545 CN1198509C (en) | 1999-04-01 | 1999-04-01 | Method for producing extracted liquor of seaweed for promoting growth of plant, obtained seaweed extracted liquor and compound fertilizer thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99103545 CN1198509C (en) | 1999-04-01 | 1999-04-01 | Method for producing extracted liquor of seaweed for promoting growth of plant, obtained seaweed extracted liquor and compound fertilizer thereof |
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| CN1269339A CN1269339A (en) | 2000-10-11 |
| CN1198509C true CN1198509C (en) | 2005-04-27 |
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| CN 99103545 Expired - Fee Related CN1198509C (en) | 1999-04-01 | 1999-04-01 | Method for producing extracted liquor of seaweed for promoting growth of plant, obtained seaweed extracted liquor and compound fertilizer thereof |
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- 1999-04-01 CN CN 99103545 patent/CN1198509C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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