CN118020440B - Small-size agricultural ditching device suitable for mountain area hills - Google Patents
Small-size agricultural ditching device suitable for mountain area hills Download PDFInfo
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- CN118020440B CN118020440B CN202410431932.5A CN202410431932A CN118020440B CN 118020440 B CN118020440 B CN 118020440B CN 202410431932 A CN202410431932 A CN 202410431932A CN 118020440 B CN118020440 B CN 118020440B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a small agricultural ditching device suitable for hills and hills in mountainous areas. The problem of complicated adjustment of the cross section shape of a ditching groove of the agricultural ditching device is solved. Including the car shell, the car shell rotates and is connected with electric wheel, the middle part sliding connection of car shell has the sliding frame, sliding frame sliding connection has the linking bridge, the linking bridge rotates and is connected with the swivel becket, the swivel becket rotates and is connected with the blade disc, blade disc sliding connection has the slip cap, the middle part rigid coupling of linking bridge has the electric putter, the flexible end rigid coupling of electric putter has the connecting rod, the slip cap with the connecting rod rotates and is connected. According to the invention, the electric push rod drives the connecting rod to move, so that the purpose of controlling the inclination angles of the two cutterheads is achieved, the device is enabled to rapidly change the section shape of the ditched groove, and the stability and the accuracy of the rapid change of the section shape of the ditched groove in the ditching operation of the device are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a small agricultural ditching device suitable for hills in mountainous areas, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
Background
Many challenges need to be dealt with when the hilly area of mountain area carries out farming, including topography complicacy and the various scheduling problem of soil condition, in order to satisfy the drainage of planting crop, irrigation demand, agricultural ditching operation becomes the important link in the agricultural production, agricultural ditching device obtains wide application, in order to reach the purpose that keeps the soil and water, improve land utilization and crop output, often adopt scientific planting mode like crisscross planting, in actual operation, need ditching device can design and accurately open the slot of different width, degree of depth and shape according to the growth demand of planting crops, however current ditching device is when carrying out the ditching operation that has crisscross planting demand, in order to satisfy the demand of opening the slot of different cross-section shapes and sizes in order to adapt to different crop row spacing and planting density, ditching device generally need to change the blade of different specifications intermittently or carry out loaded down with trivial details manual angle and degree of depth adjustment in the course of working, this process is not only time consuming hard, moreover can influence the operation continuity because of frequently changing the cutter, reduce whole work efficiency, therefore, need develop a small-size ditching device that has a swift change function of the cross-section shape of ditch suitable for hilly area.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect of complicated adjustment of the cross section shape of a ditching groove of the agricultural ditching device, the invention provides a small-sized agricultural ditching device suitable for hills in mountainous areas.
The technical proposal is as follows: the utility model provides a small-size agricultural ditching device suitable for mountain area hills, includes the car shell, the car shell rotates and is connected with mirror image and evenly distributed's electronic round, the middle part sliding connection of car shell has the slip frame, slip frame sliding connection has the linking frame, the linking frame is kept away from one side rotation of slip frame is connected with the swivel becket of mirror image, the swivel becket rotates and is connected with the blade disc, be provided with circumference evenly distributed's blade on the blade disc, blade disc sliding connection has the slip cap, the middle part rigid coupling of linking frame has the electric putter, the flexible end rigid coupling of electric putter has the connecting rod, the mirror image the slip cap all with the connecting rod rotates to be connected, the linking frame is kept away from one side of slip frame is provided with the angle adjustment mechanism of mirror image, be provided with the degree adjustment mechanism that is used for controlling ditching degree in the car shell, be provided with the speed of moving control mechanism that is used for controlling its velocity of movement in the car shell.
Preferably, the blades on the cutterhead are in an inclined state, and the rotation direction of the cutterhead is opposite to the inclination direction of the blades on the cutterhead, so that the mud cleaned by the cutterhead is discharged to two sides of the car shell.
Preferably, the moving range of the connecting frame is smaller than the radius of the cutterhead, so that the position of the rotating shaft of the cutterhead is higher than the ground.
Preferably, the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a first arc-shaped cylinder fixedly connected to one side, far away from the sliding frame, of the connecting frame, a corresponding arc-shaped piston rod is connected to the first arc-shaped cylinder in a sealing sliding manner, the arc-shaped piston rod is in extrusion fit with the corresponding cutterhead, a mirror image depth stabilizing assembly is arranged on one side, close to the connecting frame, of the sliding frame, and the depth stabilizing assembly is used for controlling the connecting frame to slide on the sliding frame.
Preferably, the center of the arc-shaped piston rod moving track in the first arc-shaped cylinder is located on the rotating axis of the rotating ring, so that the moving angle of the arc-shaped piston rod in the first arc-shaped cylinder is guaranteed to be the same as the rotating angle of the cutter head.
Preferably, the depth stabilizing assembly comprises a first fixed cylinder fixedly connected to the sliding frame, a first piston rod fixedly connected to the connecting frame is connected to the first fixed cylinder in a sealing and sliding manner, a tension spring is fixedly connected between the first fixed cylinder and the corresponding first piston rod, and a first catheter communicated with the corresponding first arc-shaped cylinder is communicated with one side, away from the connecting frame, of the first fixed cylinder.
Preferably, the depth adjusting mechanism comprises a fixing frame fixedly connected in the vehicle shell, a first motor is fixedly connected on one side of the fixing frame away from the connecting frame, a screw rod rotationally connected with the fixing frame is fixedly connected on an output shaft of the first motor, the screw rod penetrates through the sliding frame, a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding frame and the fixing frame, a limiting plate in threaded connection with the screw rod is connected with the fixing frame in a sliding manner, a limiting pin is connected with the limiting plate in a sliding manner, a spring is fixedly connected between the limiting plate and the limiting pin, a blind hole in limiting fit with the limiting pin is formed in the middle of the sliding frame, a bump is arranged on the limiting pin, and an extrusion bending block in extrusion fit with the bump of the limiting pin is fixedly connected with the fixing frame.
Preferably, the speed-shifting control mechanism comprises mirrored second piston rods, the mirrored second piston rods are fixedly connected to the mirrored rotating rings respectively, the second piston rods are connected with second arc-shaped cylinders in a sliding mode, second motors are fixedly connected to the second arc-shaped cylinders, output shafts of the second motors are fixedly connected with corresponding cutterheads, the mirrored second arc-shaped cylinders are jointly communicated with second guide pipes, second fixed cylinders communicated with the second guide pipes are fixedly connected in a vehicle shell, sliding plates are connected in the second fixed cylinders in a sliding mode, pressure sensors are arranged on one sides, away from the sliding plates, of the second fixed cylinders, and springs are fixedly connected between the pressure sensors of the second fixed cylinders and the sliding plates.
Preferably, the stone sorting device further comprises a mirror-image stone sorting mechanism, the mirror-image stone sorting mechanism is respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle shell, the stone sorting mechanism is used for sorting stones in soil discharged from the cutter head, the stone sorting mechanism comprises a guide shell, the guide shell is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle shell, a sieve plate is arranged on the lower side of the guide shell, a third motor is fixedly connected to one side of the guide shell, which is far away from the vehicle shell, a rectangular hole is formed in one side, which is close to the corresponding third motor, of the guide shell, an output shaft of the third motor is inserted into the guide shell, a packing auger fixedly connected with an output shaft of the third motor is rotationally connected to the guide shell, and an inclination angle adjusting assembly for detecting an inclination state of the vehicle shell is arranged on the vehicle shell.
Preferably, the inclination adjusting assembly comprises a rotating supporting rod, the rotating supporting rod is rotationally connected to one side of the vehicle shell, the rotating supporting rod is rotationally connected with a mirrored supporting wheel, one side, close to the rotating supporting rod, of the vehicle shell is fixedly connected with a third arc-shaped cylinder, the third arc-shaped cylinder is in sealing sliding connection with a third piston rod fixedly connected with the rotating supporting rod, one side of the third arc-shaped cylinder is communicated with a third guide pipe, the third guide pipe penetrates through the vehicle shell, and the mirrored supporting wheel is communicated with the third guide pipe.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. according to the invention, the electric push rod drives the connecting rod to move, so that the purpose of controlling the inclination angles of the two cutterheads is achieved, the device is enabled to rapidly change the section shape of the ditched groove, and the stability and the accuracy of the rapid change of the section shape of the ditched groove in the ditching operation of the device are ensured.
2. Through the removal of first piston rod in the degree of depth stabilizing assembly for first fixed cylinder, reach the position that changes the blade disc downside and be located the plane, avoid the blade disc to influence the degree of depth of the ditch of this device processing because the inclination changes, improved the accuracy of the ditch degree of depth of this device processing.
3. The limit pin in the depth adjusting mechanism limits the sliding frame, so that the purpose that the position of the cutter disc on the car shell is kept unchanged is achieved, and the consistency of the ditching depth of the cutter disc is ensured.
4. The auger rotates in the guide shell through the broken stone sorting mechanism, so that the purposes of guiding, screening, ditching and taking out broken stone in soil are achieved, the structural stability of soil on the upper side of the subsequent crop seeds is guaranteed, and the survival rate of crop growth is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the parts at the shell and the sliding frame of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the parts at the sliding frame and the connecting frame of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the parts at the rotary ring and cutterhead of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the components of the first arcuate barrel and arcuate piston rod of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the parts at the fixing frame and the screw rod of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the spacing pin and the extruded bend block of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the parts of the rotary ring and the second motor of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the parts at the second stationary drum and slide of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the parts of the guide housing and third motor of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a third arcuate barrel and third piston rod part of the present invention;
Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of parts at the first catheter and the third catheter of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: the device comprises the following components of an 11-car shell, a 12-electric wheel, a 13-sliding frame, a 14-connecting frame, a 15-rotating ring, a 16-cutter disc, a 17-sliding sleeve, 18-electric push rod, 19-connecting rod, a 2-angle adjusting mechanism, a 201-first arc cylinder, a 202-arc piston rod, a 3-depth stabilizing component, a 301-first fixed cylinder, a 302-first piston rod, a 303-first liquid guide pipe, a 4-depth adjusting mechanism, a 401-fixed frame, a 402-first motor, a 403-lead screw, a 404-limiting plate, a 405-limiting pin, a 406-extrusion bending block, a 5-speed-shifting control mechanism, a 501-second piston rod, a 502-second arc cylinder, a 503-second motor, a 504-second guide pipe, a 505-second fixed cylinder, a 506-sliding plate, a 6-stone sorting mechanism, a 601-guiding shell, a 602-third motor, a 603-auger, a 7-inclination angle adjusting component, a 701-rotating support rod, a 702-supporting wheel, a 703-third arc cylinder, a 704-third piston rod, and a 705-third liquid guide pipe.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to fig. 1to 11, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the embodiment 1, when the conventional small agricultural ditching device performs ditching operation on farmlands of hills in mountain areas, if a scientific planting method of staggered planting is adopted, the cross section shape and depth of ditches required by planting different types of crops are different, for example, corn is usually planted by selecting V-shaped or trapezoid ditches, beans (such as soybeans and mung beans) are usually planted by selecting U-shaped or flat-bottom ditches, if two crops are alternately planted, the conventional small agricultural ditching device needs to stop the working state of the ditching device before ditching work is performed on the position of the second crop, and blade replacement is performed or blade angle and depth adjustment is performed manually.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the small agricultural ditching device suitable for hills in mountainous areas comprises a vehicle shell 11, wherein the vehicle shell 11 is rotationally connected with four electric wheels 12 which are mirror images from front to back and are uniformly distributed on the left and right, the middle part of the vehicle shell 11 is slidingly connected with a sliding frame 13, the lower side of the sliding frame 13 is slidingly connected with a connecting frame 14, the lower side of the connecting frame 14 is rotationally connected with two rotating rings 15 which are mirror images from front to back, the rotating rings 15 are rotationally connected with a cutter disc 16, the position of the cutter disc 16 on the vehicle shell 11 is controlled through the movement of the sliding frame 13, the purpose of controlling ditching depth is achieved, a plurality of blades which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the cutter disc 16, the inclination direction of the blades on the cutter disc 16 is anticlockwise (from the middle part of the vehicle shell 11 to the outer side) and is opposite to the inclination direction of the blades on the cutter disc 16, the rotation direction of the cutter disc 16 is used for discharging soil cleaned by the cutter disc 16 to two sides of the vehicle shell 11, the moving range of the connecting frame 14 is smaller than the radius of the cutterhead 16, the rotating shaft of the cutterhead 16 is higher than the ground, the cutterhead 16 is slidably connected with sliding sleeves 17, the two sliding sleeves 17 are positioned in the middle of the two cutterheads 16, an electric push rod 18 is fixedly connected in the middle of the connecting frame 14, a connecting rod 19 is fixedly connected at the telescopic end of the electric push rod 18, the two sliding sleeves 17 are both rotationally connected with the connecting rod 19, the two cutterheads 16 and the rotating ring 15 are enabled to rotate based on the connecting frame 14 through the movement of the connecting rod 19, the purpose of controlling the inclination angle of the two cutterheads 16 is achieved, the shape of the section of a groove is controlled to be processed by the two cutterheads 16, the lower side of the connecting frame 14 is provided with two angle adjusting mechanisms 2 which are mirror images back and forth, a depth adjusting mechanism 4 for controlling the ditching depth is arranged in a vehicle shell 11, a moving speed controlling mechanism 5 for controlling the moving speed is arranged in the vehicle shell 11, the electric wheel 12, the electric push rod 18, the depth adjusting mechanism 4 and the speed-shifting control mechanism 5 are in signal connection with a remote control terminal, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 18 drives the connecting rod 19 to move, so that the aim of controlling the two cutterheads 16 to deflect at an angle is fulfilled, the ditched section shape is changed rapidly, and the stability and the accuracy of the device for changing the section shape of the groove rapidly are ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the angle adjusting mechanism 2 includes a first arc-shaped cylinder 201, the first arc-shaped cylinder 201 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the connection frame 14, the first arc-shaped cylinder 201 is in sealing sliding connection with a corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 202, the arc-shaped piston rod 202 is in extrusion fit with a corresponding cutterhead 16, the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 202 is pushed into the corresponding first arc-shaped cylinder 201 by deflection of the cutterhead 16, the circle center of the moving track of the arc-shaped piston rod 202 in the first arc-shaped cylinder 201 is located on the rotating axis of the rotating ring 15, the moving angle of the arc-shaped piston rod 202 in the first arc-shaped cylinder 201 is guaranteed to be identical to the rotating angle of the cutterhead 16, two depth stabilizing assemblies 3 which are mirror images back and forth are arranged on the lower side of the sliding frame 13 are used for controlling the connection frame 14 to slide on the sliding frame 13, hydraulic oil is injected between the lower sides of the first arc-shaped cylinder 201 and the arc-shaped piston rod 202, the purpose of detecting the deflection angle of the cutterhead 16 is achieved by the arc-shaped piston rod 202, and the position of the cutterhead 16 is further convenient to finely adjust.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 5, the depth stabilizing assembly 3 includes a first fixed cylinder 301, the first fixed cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 13, the first fixed cylinder 301 is connected with a first piston rod 302 in a sealing and sliding manner, the first piston rod 302 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 14, a tension spring is fixedly connected between the first fixed cylinder 301 and the first piston rod 302 and used for enabling the first piston rod 302 to move towards the corresponding first fixed cylinder 301, a first liquid guide tube 303 is communicated with the lower side of the first fixed cylinder 301, the first liquid guide tube 303 is communicated with the corresponding first arc-shaped cylinder 201, hydraulic oil is filled in the first liquid guide tube 303, the first liquid guide tube extends out of the corresponding first fixed cylinder 301 through the first piston rod 302, the connecting frame 14 is controlled to slide on the sliding frame 13, the position of the lowest plane of the cutterhead 16 is kept unchanged, and the depth of a machining groove is prevented from being changed due to deflection of the cutterhead 16.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 6 and fig. 7, the depth adjusting mechanism 4 comprises a fixing frame 401, the fixing frame 401 is fixedly connected in the car shell 11, a first motor 402 is fixedly connected on the upper side of the fixing frame 401, a lead screw 403 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the first motor 402, the lead screw 403 is rotationally connected with the fixing frame 401, the lead screw 403 penetrates through the sliding frame 13, a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding frame 13 and the fixing frame 401, the spring between the sliding frame 13 and the fixing frame 401 is in a compression state initially, the fixing frame 401 is slidably connected with a limiting plate 404, the limiting plate 404 is in threaded connection with the lead screw 403, the limiting plate 404 is slidably connected with a limiting pin 405, a spring is fixedly connected between the limiting plate 404 and the limiting pin 405, a blind hole is arranged in the middle of the sliding frame 13 and is in limit fit with the limiting pin 405, the blind hole of the sliding frame 13 is inserted into the blind hole of the sliding frame 13, the position of the limiting plate 404 and the sliding frame 13 is kept fixed, a bump is arranged on the fixing frame 401 through rotating the lead screw 403, the limiting pin 405, an extrusion bending block 406 is fixedly connected with the fixing frame 401, the extrusion bending block 406 is in extrusion fit with the limiting pin 405, the bump of the limiting pin 405, the bump 406 is fixedly connected with the limiting pin 405, the bump 405, the limiting plate 405 is fixedly connected with the limiting pin 405, the limiting block 405, the motor 405 is fixedly connected with the sliding frame and the sliding frame 13 by the position to the sliding frame by the opposite to the sliding frame by the sliding frame, and the sliding frame by the sliding frame.
Referring to fig. 2, 6, 8 and 9, the speed-shifting control mechanism 5 includes two second piston rods 501 with mirror images of each other, the two second piston rods 501 are respectively and fixedly connected to the two rotating rings 15, the second piston rods 501 are slidably connected to second arc cylinders 502, the second arc cylinders 502 are fixedly connected to second motors 503, the output shafts of the second motors 503 are fixedly connected to corresponding cutterheads 16, the output shafts of the second motors 503 drive the corresponding cutterheads 16 to rotate, the blades on the cutterheads 16 squeeze soil, the second motors 503 control the corresponding second arc cylinders 502 to rotate through the reaction force received, the second piston rods 501 move into the corresponding second arc cylinders 502, hydraulic oil is injected between the second arc cylinders 502 and the left sides of the second piston rods 501 and into the second guide pipes 504, the two second arc cylinders 502 are jointly communicated with the second guide pipes 504, the second fixed cylinder 505 is fixedly connected in the vehicle shell 11, the second fixed cylinder 505 is communicated with the second flow guide pipe 504, the sliding piece 506 is slidably connected in the second fixed cylinder 505, the left side in the second fixed cylinder 505 is provided with a pressure sensor, a spring is fixedly connected between the pressure sensor in the second fixed cylinder 505 and the sliding piece 506, the pressure sensor in the sliding piece 506 and the second motor 503 are both connected with a remote control terminal signal, the reaction force generated by the rotation of the cutter disc 16 is driven by the second motor 503, the compression amount of the spring between the pressure sensor in the second fixed cylinder 505 and the sliding piece 506 is controlled, the purpose of controlling the moving speed of the device is further achieved, the situation that the cutter disc 16 cannot dig soil with set depth, the cutter disc 16 and the soil act to enable the device to be lifted upwards to generate vibration is avoided, the stability of ditching operation of the device is ensured, the quality of the groove processed by the device is improved.
When the device is used for ditching operation in hilly areas in mountainous areas so as to facilitate crop planting, an operator firstly places the device at a position where ditching is needed, at this time, the operator inputs relevant data of the section shape of the depth needed to ditche through a remote control terminal (a subsequent terminal is used for replacing the device), then the terminal starts an electric push rod 18, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 18 drives a connecting rod 19 to move upwards, the connecting rod 19 drives two sliding sleeves 17 to synchronously move, meanwhile, the sliding sleeves 17 rotate on the connecting rod 19, the sliding sleeves 17 drive corresponding cutterheads 16 to rotate upwards on the connecting frame 14 through rotating rings 15, the lower sides of the two cutterheads 16 are mutually close, after the two cutterheads 16 deflect to a set angle, the electric push rod 18 stops, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 18 drives the connecting rod 19 to move, and then the inclination angle of the two cutterheads 16 is controlled, the purpose of changing the ditching section shape of the device is achieved, the stability and the accuracy of quick change of the section shape of ditching in the working process of the device are guaranteed, and the applicability of the device to planting different types of crops is improved.
In the process of changing the inclination angles of the two cutterheads 16, if the section required to be ditched is in a V shape, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 18 is required to drive the connecting rod 19 to move upwards to the limit position, the lower ends of the two cutterheads 16 are attached, if the section required to be ditched is square, the electric push rod 18 is not started, and meanwhile, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 18 drives the connecting rod 19 to move only a distance (not to the limit position) under the condition that the section of the ditched is in an isosceles trapezoid shape.
In the process of changing the inclination angles of the two cutterheads 16, the cutterheads 16 and the corresponding rotating rings 15 rotate on the connecting frame 14, the plane where the lowest sides of the two cutterheads 16 are located moves upwards, the cutterhead 16 deflects and extrudes the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 202 to enable the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 202 to move towards the corresponding first arc-shaped cylinder 201, the space of the lower side of the corresponding arc-shaped piston rod 202 in the first arc-shaped cylinder 201 is reduced, hydraulic oil in the first arc-shaped cylinder 201 enters the corresponding first fixed cylinder 301 through the first liquid guide tube 303, the hydraulic oil on the upper side of the corresponding first piston rod 302 in the first fixed cylinder 301 is increased, the first piston rod 302 extends out of the corresponding first fixed cylinder 301, a tension spring between the first piston rod 302 and the corresponding first fixed cylinder 301 is stretched, the first piston rod 302 drives the connecting frame 14 to slide downwards on the sliding frame 13, the position of the plane where the lowest sides of the two cutterheads 16 are located is restored to the position before deflection, and therefore the purpose that the position of the plane where the lowest sides of the two cutterheads 16 are located is kept unchanged in the process of upwards deflecting the cutterhead 16 is achieved, and the effectiveness and accuracy of the depth of the subsequent ditching device are guaranteed.
After the deflection angle adjustment of the two cutterheads 16 is completed, the first motor 402 is started by the terminal, the screw 403 is driven by the output shaft of the first motor 402 to rotate, the limiting plate 404 is enabled to move downwards along the fixing frame 401, after the limiting plate 404 moves to a position corresponding to the set depth (the distance of the downward movement of the limiting plate 404 is consistent with the initial set slotting depth), the first motor 402 stops, the fixing frame 401 pushes the sliding frame 13, the connecting frame 14 and the two cutterheads 16 downwards through the spring in the process of the downward movement of the limiting plate 404, after the two cutterheads 16 are contacted with the ground, the sliding frame 13 stops moving, then the terminal starts the two second motors 503, the output shaft of the second motors 503 drives the corresponding cutterheads 16 to rotate clockwise (from front to back), the cutterheads 16 continuously rotate under the support of the corresponding rotating ring 15 and the corresponding sliding sleeve 17, the two cutterheads 16 excavate soil at the lower side by rotating, the two cutterheads 16 excavate along with the excavation of the two cutterheads 16 on the soil at the lower side under the action of self gravity and the elasticity of the spring connected with the sliding frame 13, the two cutterheads 16 move downwards under the action of the self gravity and the action of the spring, the blade on the lower side of the cutterhead 16 is kept up, the situation of the cutterhead 16 is not pushed down, the situation of the cutterhead 16 is directly or the situation is guaranteed to the situation that the cutter is pushed down, the position of the cutter is directly or the cutter is pushed down by the original device is not to the original, and the position of the cutter is pushed down, the soil is not has the situation is pushed down, and the soil is guaranteed, and the situation is kept down, and the soil is stable is kept down, and the situation is stable, and the situation is directly is guaranteed.
Along with the rotation and downward movement of the cutterhead 16, the cutterhead 16 and blades thereon discharge the excavated soil to the front side and the rear side of the car shell 11, the two cutterheads 16 move downward synchronously with the sliding frame 13 and the connecting frame 14, along with the downward movement of the sliding frame 13, the sliding frame 13 presses the left side of the limiting pin 405, the limiting pin 405 moves rightward and compresses a spring connected with the limiting pin 405, after the limiting pin 405 is aligned with a blind hole of the sliding frame 13, the limiting pin 405 moves leftward under the action of the elasticity of the spring connected with the limiting pin, the limiting pin 405 is inserted into the blind hole of the sliding frame 13, the position of the sliding frame 13 on the limiting plate 404 is fixed, the ditching operation of the follow-up cutterhead 16 is ensured, the situation that the accuracy of the ditching depth is affected does not occur, the position of the cutterhead 16 just reaches the required ditching depth, the purpose of fixing the depth of the cutterhead 16 is achieved through limiting the limiting pin 405, the stability of the follow-up ditching working state of the cutterhead 16 is ensured.
When the first motor 402 stops, the remote control terminal starts the four electric wheels 12, the electric wheels 12 start to rotate and drive the car shell 11 and all parts on the car shell to move rightwards for ditching operation, in the process that the second motor 503 drives the cutter disc 16 to rotate, the output shaft of the second motor 503 drives the corresponding cutter disc 16 to rotate clockwise (seen from front to back), blades on the cutter disc 16 are in contact with soil and squeeze and move into the soil to loosen the soil, the loosened soil is brought out by the blades on the cutter disc 16 along with the rotation of the cutter disc 16 to achieve the ditching effect, the blades on the cutter disc 16 are in contact with and squeeze the soil, the cutter disc 16 receives the reaction force of the soil, the cutter disc 16 generates counter-clockwise (seen from front to back) rotating reaction force, the second motor 503 drives the second arc cylinder 502 to synchronously rotate under the action of the counter-clockwise (seen from front to back), the position of the second piston rod 501 is fixed, the space on the left side of the second piston rod 501 in the corresponding second arc cylinder 502 is reduced, the two hydraulic oil in the second arc cylinder 501 is compressed by the second piston rod 501, the left side of the second cylinder 505 is compressed by the second cylinder 505, and the left cylinder 505 is compressed by the sliding spring 506 in the second cylinder 505, and the sliding cylinder 506 is compressed by the sliding cylinder 506.
In the process that the car shell 11 drives two cutterheads 16 to rotate to move, as the car shell 11 moves the two cutterheads 16 to excavate soil continuously, as the hardness of soil at different positions is different, as the car shell 11 moves, when the hardness of soil acting on the two cutterheads 16 changes, the compression amount of springs between the sliding plate 506 and the pressure sensor changes along with the hardness of soil acting on the two cutterheads 16, when the soil contacted on the two cutterheads 16 is harder, the compression amount of springs between the sliding plate 506 and the pressure sensor increases, the extrusion force of the sliding plate 506 to the pressure sensor through the springs increases, the pressure sensor feeds back the detected extrusion force to the terminal, the terminal reduces the rotation speed of the electric wheel 12, the movement speed of the device synchronously reduces, and similarly, when the soil contacted on the cutterhead 16 is softer, the movement speed of the device increases, the terminal controls the rotation speed of the electric wheel 12 according to the data fed back by the pressure sensor (namely, controls the movement speed of the device according to the hardness of the soil contacted on the cutterhead 16), the situation that the time of the cutterhead 16 and the acting on the soil is insufficient, the cutterhead 16 cannot excavate to a set depth, the cutterhead 16 can not lift the device to the set depth, the device is jacked up by the cutterhead 16, the device, the rotation speed of the device is influenced, and the ditching precision of the depth is consistent.
After the car shell 11 drives the two cutterheads 16 to finish ditching of one row, the terminal starts the first motor 402, the first motor 402 rotates through the lead screw 403 to enable the limiting plate 404 to move upwards, the limiting plate 404 contacts and drives the sliding frame 13 to move upwards synchronously in the upward moving process, springs between the sliding frame 13 and the fixing frame 401 are compressed, the sliding frame 13 drives the two cutterheads 16 to move synchronously, after the limiting plate 404 drives the sliding frame 13 and related parts to move upwards to an initial position, the first motor 402 stops, the two cutterheads 16 recover to an initial height, the two cutterheads 16 finish the operation of retracting, meanwhile, the extrusion bending block 406 extrudes the lug of the limiting pin 405, the limiting pin 405 moves rightwards, the limiting pin 405 breaks away from a blind hole of the sliding frame 13 and releases limiting of the blind hole, the limiting plate 404 contacts and extrudes the sliding frame 13, the springs between the sliding frame 13 and the fixing frame 401 are kept in an initial compressed state, then an operator moves to the initial position of the next row of ditching through the terminal operation device, adjustment of the inclination angle and depth adjustment operation of the cutterhead 16 are repeated until all ditching operations of the row are finished.
After the device completes all ditching operations, an operator repeatedly carries out the operation of retracting the cutterhead 16 after ditching of each row, simultaneously, the first motor 402 and the second motor 503 are closed through the terminal, all parts are restored to the initial positions, and the operator takes away the device and waits for the next use.
Example 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, refer to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 10, still including two rubble sorting mechanism 6 of front and back mirror image, two rubble sorting mechanism 6 set up respectively in the front and back both sides of car shell 11, rubble sorting mechanism 6 is arranged in sorting blade disc 16 department and discharges the rubble in the earth, rubble sorting mechanism 6 is including direction shell 601, two direction shells 601 rigid coupling are in the front and back both sides of car shell 11 respectively, the downside of direction shell 601 is provided with the sieve, the clearance of sieve is the minimum diameter of sieved rubble, one side rigid coupling that direction shell 601 kept away from car shell 11 has third motor 602, two third motors 602 are located the outside of two direction shells 601, one side that direction shell 601 is close to corresponding third motor 602 is provided with the rectangular hole, be used for discharging the rubble that sieves out, the output shaft of third motor 602 inserts in the direction shell 601, the direction shell 601 internal rotation is connected with auger 603, auger 603 and third motor 602 output shaft rigid coupling, the downside and the downside in the direction shell 601 are tangent all the time, car shell 11 is provided with the motor for detecting its inclination of motor for detecting 7, the clearance of sieve is the minimum diameter of sieved rubble, the clearance is guaranteed to the soil, the direction channel is adjusted to the soil condition, the growth is adjusted and the end is reached and the soil is convenient for the growth of the long-range, and is adjusted, the end is cut and is convenient to the growth and is adjusted the end is cut in the growth end growth of soil condition is adjusted.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 11 and fig. 12, the inclination adjusting assembly 7 includes a rotating strut 701, the rotating strut 701 is rotationally connected to the right side of the casing 11, the rotating strut 701 is rotationally connected with two supporting wheels 702 that are mirrored back and forth, the supporting wheels 702 are always kept in contact with the ground, the rotation axis of the rotating strut 701 on the casing 11 is the same as the rotation axis of the mirrored electric wheel 12 near one side thereof, which is used for making the rotation angle of the rotating strut 701 the same as the deflection angle of the casing 11, the right side of the casing 11 is fixedly connected with a third arc cylinder 703, the third arc cylinder 703 is in sealing sliding connection with a third piston rod 704, the rotation angle of the rotating strut 701 is the same as the inclination angle of the casing 11 relative to the initial ground, the third piston rod 704 is fixedly connected with the rotating strut 701, the left side of the third arc cylinder 703 is communicated with a third flow guide tube 705, the third flow guide tube penetrates the casing 11, the two first flow guide tubes 303 are both communicated with the third flow guide tube 705, hydraulic oil is injected between the third flow guide tube 705 and the left side of the third arc cylinder 703 and the third arc cylinder 703, the rotation angle of the rotating strut 701 is the rotation angle of the rotation strut 701 is the same as the deflection angle of the casing 11, the rotation angle of the rotation strut is detected, the rotation angle of the rotation strut 701 is the rotation angle of the rotation strut is the same as the inclination angle of the casing 11 relative to the initial cutter wheel 11, the inclination angle is the same as the inclination angle is the opposite to the cutter 16, and the cutter blade is the cutter blade 16, and the depth is convenient to be the impact on the cutter blade depth 16 is reduced.
Because there is a lot of rubble in the hilly field in mountain area, if accomplish the ditching planting back, fill back the earth that contains the rubble in the ditch, the shop is in the upside of crop seed, the existence of rubble can influence the contact between soil and the seed, leads to the absorbing nutrition of seed to reduce, influence plant root system's growth and development, need get rid of the big piece in the earth when digging earth for this, avoid backfilling the back to the growth of crops and produce the influence, concrete operation is as follows: the above-mentioned adjustment of the cross-sectional shape and depth of the groove and the operation of finishing the ditching work are repeated, before the second motor 503 starts, the third motor 602 is started by the terminal first, the output shaft of the third motor 602 drives the corresponding auger 603 to rotate in the corresponding guide shell 601, in the process that two cutterheads 16 discharge the dug soil to the front and rear sides of the car shell 11, taking the guide shell 601 on the front side as an example, the dug soil of the cutterhead 16 enters the guide shell 601 under the inertia effect, along with the continuous rotation of the auger 603, the auger 603 stacks and forwards conveys the soil entering the guide shell 601, and extrudes and filters the soil through the sieve plate on the lower side of the guide shell 601, massive broken stone cannot fall to the lower side of the guide shell 601 through the sieve plate, finally the broken stone is discharged and stacked in the square hole on the front side of the guide shell 601 under the pushing of the auger 603, the resolution of the soil and broken stone is facilitated for operators to fill in the later period, the good structure of the soil on the upper side of the follow-up crops and healthy growth of the crops are ensured, and after the second motor 503 stops, and the third motor 602 is stopped.
In the working process that the small ditching device drives the rotating blade to move rightwards to ditche, if the blade is positioned at the lower side of the middle part of the device, along with the blade discharging the soil at the excavated part to the two sides of the ditches, the two electric wheels 12 at the left side of the ditching device can move to the accumulated soil, so that the left side of the ditching device is relatively lifted, the ditching depth of the blade can not accurately reach the set size, when the two electric wheels 12 at the left side move to the soil excavated at the cutter head 16, the left side of the vehicle shell 11 is lifted, the vehicle shell 11 is inclined downwards from left to right, the supporting wheels 702 on the rotating supporting rods 701 at the right side of the vehicle shell 11 are always contacted with the ground at the position where the ditching is not carried out by the device, when the car shell 11 is inclined, the rotating support rods 701 swing upwards relative to the car shell 11 under the support of the supporting wheels 702 and the ground, the rotating support rods 701 squeeze the third piston rods 704 to slide into the third arc-shaped cylinders 703, the space on the left side of the third piston rods 704 in the third arc-shaped cylinders 703 is reduced, hydraulic oil in the third arc-shaped cylinders 703 enters the two first liquid guide pipes 303 through the third liquid guide pipes 705 and finally enters the two first fixed cylinders 301, the connecting frame 14 slides downwards on the sliding frame 13 for a certain distance, the situation that the ditching positions of the cutter heads 16 are deviated due to the inclination of the car shell 11 is compensated, the accuracy and stability of the ditching depth of the device are ensured, and the ditching quality of the device is improved.
The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a small-size agricultural ditching device suitable for mountain area hills, its characterized in that, including car shell (11), car shell (11) rotation is connected with mirror image and evenly distributed's electronic round (12), the middle part sliding connection of car shell (11) has sliding frame (13), sliding frame (13) sliding connection has connecting frame (14), one side that sliding frame (13) was kept away from to connecting frame (14) rotates and is connected with pivot ring (15) of mirror image, pivot ring (15) rotates and is connected with blade disc (16), be provided with the blade of circumference evenly distributed on blade disc (16), blade disc (16) sliding connection has sliding sleeve (17), the middle part rigid coupling of connecting frame (14) has electric putter (18), the flexible end rigid coupling of electric putter (18) has connecting rod (19), mirror image sliding sleeve (17) all with connecting rod (19) rotation is connected, one side that sliding frame (13) was kept away from is provided with mirror image angle adjustment mechanism (2), be provided with in the car shell (11) and be used for controlling the depth adjustment mechanism (4) in the control is used for the control of the car to move in the depth (11) and is provided with in the control mechanism (4); the angle adjusting mechanism (2) comprises a first arc-shaped cylinder (201), the first arc-shaped cylinder (201) is fixedly connected to one side, far away from the sliding frame (13), of the connecting frame (14), a corresponding arc-shaped piston rod (202) is connected to the first arc-shaped cylinder (201) in a sealing sliding manner, the arc-shaped piston rod (202) is in extrusion fit with the corresponding cutterhead (16), a mirror-image depth stabilizing assembly (3) is arranged on one side, close to the connecting frame (14), of the sliding frame (13), and the depth stabilizing assembly (3) is used for controlling the connecting frame (14) to slide on the sliding frame (13); the circle center of the moving track of the arc-shaped piston rod (202) in the first arc-shaped cylinder (201) is positioned on the rotating axis of the rotating ring (15), and the circle center is used for ensuring that the moving angle of the arc-shaped piston rod (202) in the first arc-shaped cylinder (201) is the same as the rotating angle of the cutter head (16); the depth stabilizing assembly (3) comprises a first fixed cylinder (301), the first fixed cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to the sliding frame (13), the first fixed cylinder (301) is connected with a first piston rod (302) fixedly connected with the connecting frame (14) in a sealing sliding manner, a tension spring is fixedly connected between the first fixed cylinder (301) and the corresponding first piston rod (302), and the first fixed cylinder (301) is far away from one side of the connecting frame (14) and is communicated with a first catheter (303) communicated with the corresponding first arc-shaped cylinder (201).
2. A small agricultural ditching device for hills in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades on the cutterhead (16) are inclined, the rotation direction of the cutterhead (16) is opposite to the inclination direction of the blades thereon, and the device is used for discharging the soil cleaned by the cutterhead (16) to two sides of the vehicle shell (11).
3. A small agricultural ditching device for hills in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the moving range of the connecting frame (14) is smaller than the radius of the cutterhead (16) for ensuring that the rotation axis of the cutterhead (16) is located higher than the ground.
4. A small-size agricultural ditching device suitable for mountain area hills according to claim 3, characterized in that, degree of depth adjustment mechanism (4) is including mount (401), mount (401) rigid coupling in car shell (11), one side rigid coupling that mount (401) kept away from junction box (14) has first motor (402), the output shaft rigid coupling of first motor (402) have with lead screw (403) of mount (401) swivelling joint, lead screw (403) pierces through sliding frame (13), sliding frame (13) with rigid coupling has the spring between mount (401), mount (401) sliding connection have with limiting plate (404) of lead screw (403) threaded connection, limiting plate (404) sliding connection has limiting pin (405), limiting plate (404) with the rigid coupling has the spring between limiting pin (405), the middle part of sliding frame (13) be provided with limiting pin (405) spacing complex blind hole, be provided with on limiting pin (405) protruding block (401) with extrusion joint (406).
5. The small agricultural ditching device suitable for hills and mountains according to claim 4, wherein the speed-shifting control mechanism (5) comprises mirrored second piston rods (501), the mirrored second piston rods (501) are fixedly connected to the mirrored rotating rings (15) respectively, the second piston rods (501) are slidably connected with second arc cylinders (502), the second arc cylinders (502) are fixedly connected with second motors (503), output shafts of the second motors (503) are fixedly connected with corresponding cutterheads (16), the mirrored second arc cylinders (502) are jointly communicated with second guide pipes (504), second fixed cylinders (505) communicated with the second guide pipes (504) are fixedly connected in the vehicle shell (11), sliding plates (506) are slidably connected in the second fixed cylinders (505), one sides, far away from the sliding plates (506), of the second fixed cylinders (505) are provided with pressure sensors, and the second fixed cylinders (505) are fixedly connected with springs between the sliding plates (506).
6. The small agricultural ditching device suitable for hills in mountainous areas according to claim 5, further comprising a mirror-image stone sorting mechanism (6), wherein the mirror-image stone sorting mechanism (6) is respectively arranged on two sides of the vehicle shell (11), the stone sorting mechanism (6) is used for sorting stones in soil discharged from the cutter head (16), the stone sorting mechanism (6) comprises a guide shell (601), the guide shell (601) is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle shell (11), a screen plate is arranged on the lower side of the guide shell (601), a third motor (602) is fixedly connected to one side of the guide shell (601) away from the vehicle shell (11), a rectangular hole is formed in one side of the guide shell (601) close to the corresponding third motor (602), an output shaft of the third motor (602) is inserted into the guide shell (601), a winch (603) fixedly connected with the output shaft of the third motor (602) is rotationally connected to the guide shell (601), and the vehicle shell (11) is provided with a tilting angle adjusting component (7) for detecting the tilting angle.
7. The small agricultural ditching device suitable for hills and mountains according to claim 6, wherein the inclination angle adjusting component (7) comprises a rotating support rod (701), the rotating support rod (701) is rotationally connected to one side of the vehicle shell (11), a mirror image supporting wheel (702) is rotationally connected to the rotating support rod (701), a third arc-shaped cylinder (703) is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle shell (11) close to the rotating support rod (701), a third piston rod (704) fixedly connected with the rotating support rod (701) is hermetically and slidingly connected to the third arc-shaped cylinder (703), a third guide pipe (705) is communicated to one side of the third arc-shaped cylinder (703), the third guide pipe (705) penetrates through the vehicle shell (11), and the mirror image first guide pipes (303) are all communicated with the third guide pipe (705).
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| JP2012070663A (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-04-12 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Seedling transplanter |
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| CN114788444A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-07-26 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Fertilizing depth regulating and controlling method of fertilizer applicator |
| CN219288098U (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-07-04 | 本溪盛丰农机制造有限公司 | Single combined multi-row straw collecting deep scarification strip cultivator |
| CN117136685A (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2023-12-01 | 中国农业大学 | Profiling, ditching, sowing and earthing device for hilly and mountainous areas |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012070663A (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-04-12 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Seedling transplanter |
| CN105133682A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-09 | 田开林 | Furrowing machine |
| CN110249752A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-20 | 广西民族大学 | A kind of double rocker arm composition ditcher mechanisms of band front and back plough and rotation combination cutter hub |
| CN114788444A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-07-26 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Fertilizing depth regulating and controlling method of fertilizer applicator |
| CN219288098U (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-07-04 | 本溪盛丰农机制造有限公司 | Single combined multi-row straw collecting deep scarification strip cultivator |
| CN117136685A (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2023-12-01 | 中国农业大学 | Profiling, ditching, sowing and earthing device for hilly and mountainous areas |
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