CN117546803A - Indoor culture system and method for limnoperna lacustris - Google Patents
Indoor culture system and method for limnoperna lacustris Download PDFInfo
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- CN117546803A CN117546803A CN202311814540.9A CN202311814540A CN117546803A CN 117546803 A CN117546803 A CN 117546803A CN 202311814540 A CN202311814540 A CN 202311814540A CN 117546803 A CN117546803 A CN 117546803A
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- water
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- limnoperna
- culture pond
- food
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- 241001091139 Limnoperna Species 0.000 title claims description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 339
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 241001091141 Limnoperna fortunei Species 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 9
- 208000034699 Vitreous floaters Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 241001233242 Lontra Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000574149 Podotheca Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021056 liquid food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 temperature Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/55—Baskets therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an indoor culture system and method for limnoperna fortunei, which relate to the technical field of limnoperna fortunei culture and comprise the following steps: the cultivation container is internally provided with at least one cultivation pond; the water circulation device is used for circulating the culture water into the culture pond; the carrier device comprises a bearing frame, an attaching matrix and a surrounding and blocking component, wherein the bearing frame is fixedly arranged in the culture pond, the attaching matrix is horizontally arranged at the top of the bearing frame and used for enabling the limnoperna fortunei to attach to the surface of the bearing frame, the surrounding and blocking component comprises a surrounding and blocking piece and a first lifting element, the surrounding and blocking piece is movably arranged on the bearing frame and surrounds the periphery side of the attaching matrix, and the first lifting element is used for driving the surrounding and blocking piece to move up and down on the bearing frame; the food throwing device is used for throwing food into a surrounding area formed by the surrounding piece and the attaching matrix. After the food in the culture system is put in, the food is not influenced by water flow scouring, so that the utilization rate of food intake of the limnoperna fortunei is greatly improved, and the culture survival rate of the limnoperna fortunei is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of study of limnoperna fortunei, in particular to an indoor limnoperna fortunei culture system and an indoor limnoperna fortunei culture method.
Background
The limnoperna fortunei (Limnoperna fortunei) is also called as a lake or a natural pond and belongs to mussel, and is widely distributed in the middle and downstream of the Yangtze river and in the south of the river. The limnoperna lacustris larvae can float in camp and live, so that the limnoperna lacustris larvae can spread rapidly; the adult can support and fix life. The limnoperna fortunei is a common fouling organism and has the characteristics of short life cycle, fast growth, strong fertility and the like.
In recent years, a series of biofouling problems caused by the invasion of the limnoperna fortunei are exploded in domestic and foreign pumped storage power stations and water delivery projects, such as the limnoperna fortunei corroding the building, blocking pipelines, destroying ecological environment, biodiversity and integrity and the like, so that the development of local economy is affected to a certain extent and serious potential safety hazards are brought. Meanwhile, the mature podotheca of the limnoperna lacustris is attached to the surface of a water delivery structure and the surface of concrete, and the podotheca is peeled off and damaged after field collection, so that related researches are difficult to develop. In order to research the life and ecological habits of the limnoperna lacustris, such as propagation, movement, ingestion and the like, the research on the indoor culture technology of the limnoperna lacustris has important research significance, and a certain foundation is laid for the related research of the limnoperna lacustris.
At present, the indoor culture of the limnoperna lacustris needs to comprehensively consider various survival conditions such as food sources, dissolved oxygen, temperature, water flow velocity and the like of the limnoperna lacustris to simulate the field conditions of the limnoperna lacustris survival, and meanwhile, sampling observation is needed to be convenient at any time in the culture process. The patent of publication No. CN215422295U discloses a laboratory limnoperna fortunei breeding device, it sets up a plurality of iron wire otter boards at vertical interval in the culture chamber, be used for making limnoperna fortunei adhere to on iron wire otter board surface, through circulating the income rivers to the culture chamber, food is put in at the end of intaking of culture chamber simultaneously, this mode can satisfy rivers and pass iron wire otter board in proper order in the culture chamber, simulate natural rivers, but the food of putting in is because intaking the stop of end iron wire otter board, can not effectually pass the iron wire otter board of back end in proper order, result in food gathering at the end of intaking, simultaneously under the effect of rivers, food can be washed out the water end, this makes the time of food in culture chamber and each iron wire otter board contact shorter, be difficult to by limnoperna fortunei fully eat. In addition, as most of the put foods are floating algae, most of the algae float on the upper surface of the water body and cannot well fall into the water body, so that food adhesion is difficult to exist on the iron wire net plates at the lower parts of the culture chambers, the situation can lead to unbalanced distribution of the foods adhered on the iron wire net plates, and the culture survival rate of indoor limnoperna fortunei is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an indoor culture system and method for limnoperna fortunei, which solves the problem that food cannot be fully utilized by limnoperna fortunei attached to a substrate in the indoor culture process of limnoperna fortunei in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
in one aspect, the invention provides an indoor culture system for limnoperna lacustris, comprising:
the cultivation container is internally provided with at least one cultivation pond;
one end of the water circulation device is connected with the water inlet end of the culture pond, and the other end of the water circulation device is connected with the water outlet end of the culture pond and is used for circularly introducing culture water into the culture pond;
the carrier device is arranged in the culture pond and comprises a bearing frame, an attaching matrix and a surrounding and blocking component, wherein the bearing frame is fixedly arranged in the culture pond, the attaching matrix is horizontally arranged at the top of the bearing frame and used for enabling the limnoperna fortunei to attach to the surface of the limnoperna fortunei, the surrounding and blocking component comprises a surrounding and blocking piece and a first lifting element, the surrounding and blocking piece is movably arranged on the bearing frame and surrounds the periphery side of the attaching matrix, and the first lifting element is used for driving the surrounding and blocking piece to move up and down on the bearing frame;
and the feeding device is used for feeding food into a surrounding area formed by the surrounding piece and the attaching matrix when the surrounding piece is higher than the water surface in the culture pond.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, each culture pond corresponds to one feeding device respectively, each feeding device comprises a food container, a conveying pipe and a conveying proportional valve, the food container is arranged on the outer side of the culture container and is located on one side of the water inlet end of the culture pond, one end of the conveying pipe is communicated with the bottom end of the food container, the other end of the conveying pipe penetrates through the culture container to enter the culture pond, a distributor is fixedly arranged at the end of the conveying pipe and used for throwing food into a surrounding area, and the conveying proportional valve is arranged on the conveying pipe.
Further, preferably, a guide plate is arranged obliquely downwards on the side wall of the water inlet end of the culture pond, the guide plate is positioned below the distributor, and the lower end of the guide plate is positioned above the inner side of the enclosing member.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the bearing frame and the surface of the attaching base body are provided with a plurality of mutually communicated water permeable holes in the vertical direction.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the carrier device further comprises a material taking assembly, the material taking assembly comprises a lifting plate and a second lifting element, the attached substrates are provided with a plurality of pieces and are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the bearing frame along the water flow direction, a group of material taking assemblies are correspondingly arranged on the bottom surface of each attached substrate respectively, the lifting plate is horizontally arranged between the attached substrate and the bearing frame, and the second lifting element is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface in the culture pond and used for driving the lifting plate to lift the attached substrate to move up and down.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the water circulation device comprises a water outlet component, a filtering device and a water inlet component, one end of the water inlet component is connected with the water inlet end of the culture pond, the other end of the water inlet component is connected with the water outlet end of the filtering device, one end of the water outlet component is connected with the water outlet end of the culture pond, the other end of the water outlet component is connected with the water inlet of the filtering device, the water outlet component is used for receiving water flowing out of the culture pond, the filtering device is used for filtering the water flowing out of the culture pond, and the water inlet component is used for conveying the filtered water into the culture pond.
Further, preferably, the water outlet assembly comprises a water collecting tank, a water pump and a first filter screen, the water collecting tank is arranged on one side of the culture container close to the water outlet end of the culture pond, a water outlet channel communicated with the water collecting tank is arranged on the side wall of the water outlet end of the culture pond, the water outlet channel is higher than the top surface of the adhesion substrate, the first filter screen is arranged in the water collecting tank and is positioned above the water outlet channel, the water pump is arranged in the water collecting tank above the first filter screen, and the water pump is connected with the water inlet of the filtering device through a pipeline;
the filtering device comprises a body, and a mechanical filter, a biological filter and a chemical filter which are arranged in the body at intervals from top to bottom along the vertical direction, wherein the mechanical filter is used for filtering particulate impurities in water, the biological filter is used for nitrifying, and the chemical filter is used for filtering chemical pollutants;
The utility model provides a water inlet assembly, including trunk line, branch pipe and heat exchanger, the one end and the delivery port of filter equipment of trunk line are connected, and the other end is parallelly connected with many branch pipes, is provided with the region of intaking between carrier device and the breed pond water inlet end, and the branch pipe is kept away from the one end of trunk line and is entered into the breed pond and is located the region of intaking, and the heat exchanger sets up on the branch pipe for adjust the branch pipe and let in the water temperature of breed pond.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the bottom surface of the first filter screen is provided with a backflow prevention plate, the backflow prevention plate is arranged in a downward inclined mode, the inclined direction faces the water outlet channel, and a circulation gap is formed between the lower end of the backflow prevention plate and the inner wall of one side, close to the culture container, of the water collecting tank.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the branch pipeline comprises a branch pipeline conveying pipe, a first shunt pipe and a second shunt pipe;
one end of the branch pipe conveying pipe is connected with the main pipe, the other end of the branch pipe conveying pipe is connected with the first shunt pipe and the second shunt pipe in parallel, and the heat exchanger is arranged on the branch pipe conveying pipe;
one end, far away from the branch pipe conveying pipe, of the first shunt pipe and the second shunt pipe both enter the culture pond and are arranged in the water inlet area up and down, and flow valves are respectively arranged on the first shunt pipe and the second shunt pipe;
The tail end of the first shunt tube is provided with a first shunt plate, and the bottom surface of the first shunt plate is provided with a plurality of water outlets along the length direction of the first shunt plate;
the tail end of the second shunt tube is provided with a second shunt plate, and one side of the second shunt plate facing the water flow direction is provided with a plurality of nozzles inclined towards the inner bottom surface of the culture pond;
the bottom surface of one side of the culture pond, which is close to the water collecting tank, is provided with a material collecting tank, and the bottom surface of the material collecting tank is provided with a blow-off valve.
On the other hand, the invention also discloses an indoor culture method for the limnoperna lacustris, which utilizes the indoor culture system for the limnoperna lacustris of the first aspect, and comprises the following steps:
s1, circulating water flow is introduced into the culture pond through a water circulation device, so that the water surface in the culture pond is higher than the top surface of the adhesion substrate;
s2, lifting the enclosure part through the first lifting element to enable the enclosure part to be higher than the water surface, and throwing the limnoperna lacustris larvae into an enclosure area formed by the enclosure part and the attaching matrix;
s3, putting a certain amount of food into the enclosure area through the feeding device, slowing down the flow rate of water flow, controlling the temperature and dissolved oxygen in the culture pond, and simulating the growth environment of the larva of the limnoperna fortunei;
s4, in the growth stage of the larva of the limnoperna fortunei, the food can be replaced regularly by descending and then lifting the enclosure part;
S5, after the mature limnoperna lacustris grows into a mature body, attaching the mature limnoperna lacustris to the surface of the attaching matrix, lowering the enclosure part below the bearing frame, controlling the flow speed, temperature and dissolved oxygen of water flow, and simulating the field production conditions of the mature limnoperna lacustris;
s6, when food is needed to be fed for a certain time, the enclosure part is lifted, food is fed in an enclosure area formed by the enclosure part and the attached matrix, the water flow speed is slowed down, and after the limnoperna fortunei is fed for a certain time, the enclosure part is lowered, and normal water flow is recovered.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Through setting up on carrier device and enclose the fender subassembly, when throwing food, it descends to the carrier below to order about the fender spare through first lifting element, rivers can flow through on the attached matrix surface this moment, simulate the open-air rivers environment of limnoperna fortunei, when throwing food needs, it rises to order about the fender spare through first lifting element, make and enclose the fender spare and go up the pond surface of water, enclose the fender spare and constitute jointly with attached matrix and enclose the fender region on the carrier, at this moment, put food in enclosing the fender region through throwing the edible device, can make food limit in enclosing the fender region, can not receive rivers to wash the influence, food can be fully eaten by limnoperna fortunei on the attached matrix in enclosing the fender region, improve the utilization ratio of food greatly, satisfy the sufficient ingestion demand of limnoperna fortunei simultaneously, improve limnoperna fortunei and cultivate survival rate.
(2) Through all being provided with a plurality of holes that permeate water of intercommunication along vertical direction at loading frame and adhesion matrix surface, from this set up, at the limnoperna lacustris feeding stage, the water in the breed pond still slowly flows, in the rivers flow the in-process, the water of loading frame lower part can upwards enter into the fender district through the hole that permeates water, again by the regional downflow of fender that permeates water hole, so that the water that the regional was kept up in the fender has weak exchange with the regional outside of fender to the realization is kept up, like this, the limnoperna lacustris in the regional inside still has weak rivers to pass through of fender when eating, can make the regional water of fender be in the running water state all the time, thereby simulate the condition that limnoperna lacustris normally ingested under the open-air rivers environment.
(3) Through setting up and getting material subassembly, when needs are to the limnoperna lacustris sample research in the breed pond, drive the lift board through the second lifting element and slowly rise, lift the corresponding attached matrix of board lift upwards leave the surface of water, then the manual work is taken off the auxiliary matrix from the lift board, thereby, can study limnoperna lacustris on the attached matrix that takes out, for the direct mode of sampling on the attached matrix, this mode can not cause the damage to limnoperna lacustris, can more directly perceivedly, effectually study the limnoperna lacustris of sample.
(4) Through setting up the second shunt pipe to be provided with the collection groove in the one side bottom surface that the breed pond is close to the header tank, set up the blowoff valve in the tank bottom surface that gathers materials, can make the granule deposit of breed bottom surface wash away to gather materials in the groove through increasing the rivers velocity of flow of second shunt pipe, and through opening the blowoff valve with the particulate matter discharge, so that regularly clear up the breed pond is inside, ensure that the environment in the breed pond is clean, improve the limnoperna forti survival rate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an indoor culture system for limnoperna lacustris disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a lowered state of a rail on a carrier device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a raised state of a fence on a carrier apparatus according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a take-off assembly according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the assembly structure of the feeding device, branch pipes and culture container disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a branch pipe according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the disclosed indoor culture system for limnoperna lacustris;
FIG. 8 is a plan cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 8 at B;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the indoor culture system for limnoperna lacustris disclosed by the invention;
reference numerals:
1. a culture container; 10. a culture pond; 2. a water circulation device; 3. a carrier device; 31. a carrier; 32. attaching a substrate; 33. a baffle assembly; 331. a fence; 332. a first lifting element; 4. a feeding device; 41. a food container; 42. a material conveying pipe; 43. a material conveying proportional valve; 44. a distributor; 45. a material guide plate; H. a water permeable hole; 34. a material taking assembly; 341. a lifting plate; 342. a second lifting element; 21. a water outlet assembly; 22. a filtering device; 23. a water inlet assembly; 211. a water collection tank; 212. a water pump; 213. a first filter screen; 101. a water outlet channel; 221. a body; 222. a mechanical filter; 223. a biological filter; 224. a chemical filter; 231. a main pipe; 232. a branch pipe; 233. a heat exchanger; 214. a backflow prevention plate; 2321 branch pipe conveying pipes; 2322. a first shunt; 2323. a second shunt tube; s, a flow valve; 2324. a first splitter plate; 2324-1, water outlet; 2325. a second flow dividing plate; 2325-2, nozzles; 102. a material collecting groove; 103. a blow-down valve; 104. a drain hole; 105. a drain pipe; 106. a shut-off valve; 107. a second filter screen; g1, a first box cover; g2, second case lid.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in combination with fig. 2-4, the embodiment of the invention discloses an indoor culture system for limnoperna lacustris, which is used for culturing limnoperna lacustris indoors, so that life and ecological habits such as propagation, movement, ingestion and the like of limnoperna lacustris are studied, and a foundation is laid for related researches of limnoperna lacustris.
Specifically, the cultivation system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention comprises a cultivation container 1, a water circulation device 2, a carrier device 3 and a feeding device 4.
Wherein, breed container 1, for square structure, breed container 1 can set up to glass container or metal container, is provided with at least one breed pond 10 in the breed container 1, through setting up a plurality of breed ponds 10, can put in the limnoperna fortunei respectively at different breed ponds 10 to set for different breed conditions, thereby carry out the experimental contrast of breeding the in-process.
In order to simulate the field growth environment of the limnoperna lacustris, water flow is required to be circularly introduced into the culture pond 10, the embodiment is realized by adopting the water circulation device 2, one end of the water circulation device 2 is connected with the water inlet end of the culture pond 10, and the other end of the water circulation device is connected with the water outlet end of the culture pond 10, so that culture water is circularly introduced into the culture pond 10. The water in the river channel can be selected as the culture water introduced into the embodiment, and tap water can be selected, so that the water environment where the limnoperna lacustris grows can be better simulated by selecting the water in the river channel.
The carrier device 3 is arranged in the culture pond 10 and is used for providing an attachment place for the limnoperna lacustris. The carrier device 3 of the present embodiment includes a carrier 31 and an attaching base 32, wherein the carrier 31 is fixedly disposed in the culture pond 10, the attaching base 32 is horizontally disposed at the top of the carrier 31 for attaching the limnoperna fortunei to the surface thereof, and the attaching base 32 is made of a bionic material, such as an artificial stone surface or a rough concrete surface, and a bottom material simulating a river bottom material, thereby increasing the attaching area of the limnoperna fortunei.
The feeding device 4 is used for feeding food or nutrient substances required by the limnoperna lacustris into the culture pond 10, and in general, the food or nutrient substances are fed at the water inlet end of the culture pond 10, and along with water flow, the food floats on the water surface for the limnoperna lacustris to ingest.
However, in order to simulate the field growth environment of the limnoperna lacustris, the water flow in the culture pond 10 is kept to continuously circulate, after the food is put into the culture pond 10, the water flow rate can be controlled, but the food can slowly flow from the water inlet end to the water outlet end under the action of the water flow because the food is not fast taken in by the limnoperna lacustris, so that the limnoperna lacustris attached to the substrate 32 cannot eat the food well, on one hand, the food is wasted, and on the other hand, the limnoperna lacustris in the culture pond 10 cannot take enough nutrient substances, so that the survival rate of the limnoperna lacustris reduced.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention adopts a scheme that the carrier device 3 is further provided with a fence assembly 33, the fence assembly 33 includes a fence 331 and a first lifting element 332, the fence 331 is movably disposed on the carrier 31 and surrounds the outer peripheral side of the attaching base 32, and the first lifting element 332 is used for driving the fence 331 to move up and down on the carrier 31, and the fence 331 in this embodiment has a ring structure.
By adopting the above technical scheme, when throwing food, the first lifting element 332 drives the enclosure 331 to descend below the bearing frame 31, at this time, water flow can flow on the surface of the attaching base body 32, the outdoor water flow environment of the limnoperna lacustris is simulated, when throwing food is needed, the first lifting element 332 drives the enclosure 331 to lift, the top surface of the enclosure 331 also needs to be higher than the water surface, thus, the enclosure 331 and the attaching base body 32 jointly form an enclosure area, at this time, food is thrown into the enclosure area through the throwing food device 4, so that the food can be limited in the enclosure area and can not be influenced by water flow scouring, the food can be fully eaten by limnoperna lacustris attached to the base body 32 in the enclosure area, the utilization rate of the food is greatly improved, the enough ingestion requirement of the limnoperna lacustris met, and the cultivation survival rate of the limnoperna lacustris improved.
It is worth noting that, in the feeding stage of the limnoperna lacustris, the water in the enclosure area belongs to dead water, no flow occurs, and the growth environment of the limnoperna lacustris is not satisfied, in order to enable the water in the enclosure area to flow, the field water flow environment is simulated, and referring to fig. 4, the scheme adopted in the embodiment is as follows: a plurality of mutually communicated water permeable holes H are arranged on the surfaces of the bearing frame 31 and the attaching base body 32 along the vertical direction.
Therefore, in the feeding stage of the limnoperna lacustris, the water in the culture pond 10 still slowly flows, in the water flow process, the water at the lower part of the bearing frame 31 can upwards enter the enclosure area through the water permeable holes H, and then downwards flows out of the enclosure area through the water permeable holes H, so that the water in the enclosure area and the water outside the enclosure area are weakly exchanged, and therefore, when the limnoperna lacustris eated, the limnoperna lacustris still in the enclosure area, the water in the enclosure area can always be in a live water state, and the normal ingestion condition of the limnoperna lacustris in the field water flow environment is simulated.
When a plurality of culture ponds 10 are arranged in the culture container 1, in order to realize that food or nutrient substances are respectively put into each culture pond 10, referring to fig. 1 and 5, the embodiment is provided with feeding devices 4 corresponding to the number of the culture ponds 10, each feeding device 4 comprises a food container 41, a conveying pipe 42 and a material conveying proportional valve 43, the food container 41 is arranged outside the culture container 1 and is positioned at one side of the water inlet end of the culture pond 10, one end of the conveying pipe 42 is communicated with the bottom end of the food container 41, the other end of the conveying pipe 42 penetrates through the culture container 1 and enters the culture pond 10, a distributor 44 is fixedly arranged at the end of the conveying pipe 42, the distributor 44 is used for putting food into a surrounding area, and the material conveying proportional valve 43 is arranged on the conveying pipe 42.
With the above technical solution, the food container 41 may contain liquid food or nutrient substances for edible limnoperna lacustris, preferably algae, and under the action of gravity, the liquid food enters the distributor 44 through the feed pipe 42, and is uniformly thrown into the enclosure area through the distributor 44. The feeding speed can be controlled through the feeding proportional valve 43, so that the feeding time and the feeding amount of food can be further adjusted to meet the normal ingestion requirement of the limnoperna lacustris.
In some embodiments, a delivery pump may also be provided in the food container 41 to deliver food into the holding tank 10.
In the feeding process, in order to avoid the impact of food falling into water on the limnoperna fortunei, the scheme adopted in the embodiment is as follows: a guide plate 45 is arranged obliquely downwards on the side wall of the water inlet end of the culture pond 10, the guide plate 45 is positioned below the distributor 44, and the lower end of the guide plate is positioned above the inner side of the enclosing member 331. From this setting, the food that the stock guide flows out evenly falls into stock guide 45 on, cuts down the motion potential energy of food through stock guide 45, slows down the velocity of movement of food, and the food evenly falls behind stock guide 45 on, slowly slides down to enclose fender area in enclosing fender 331 inboard top and fall into enclose the regional surface of water of fender, behind the food fall into enclose the regional surface of water of fender, under enclosing the effect of the regional rivers of fender, scatter all around to satisfy and enclose the limnoperna forti ingest in the fender region.
In the culture process of the limnoperna lacustris, in order to carry out research and test on the limnoperna lacustris, a part of the limnoperna lacustris needs to be taken out in the culture pond 10, and because the limnoperna lacustris is attached to the surface of the attaching substrate 32, if the limnoperna lacustris directly sampled manually, the podocarb is damaged, the research and test in the later stage are inconvenient, meanwhile, the limnoperna lacustris is usually immersed in water, and the water is polluted by the manual sampling, so that the growth environment of the limnoperna lacustris is damaged.
For the purpose of facilitating sampling and avoiding pollution to water, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical means, referring to fig. 4, the carrier device 3 further comprises a material taking assembly 34, the material taking assembly 34 comprises a lifting plate 341 and a second lifting element 342, the attached substrates 32 are provided with a plurality of blocks, the attached substrates 32 are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the bearing frame 31 along the water flow direction, a group of material taking assemblies 34 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the bottom surface of each attached substrate 32, the lifting plate 341 is horizontally arranged between the attached substrates 32 and the bearing frame 31, and the second lifting element 342 is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10 and is used for driving the lifting plate 341 to lift the attached substrates 32 to move up and down.
By adopting the above technical scheme, when the sampling study of the limnoperna lacustris in the culture pond 10 is required, the lifting plate 341 is driven to slowly lift through the second lifting element 342, the lifting plate 341 supports the corresponding attached substrate 32 upwards to leave the water surface, and then the auxiliary substrate is manually taken down from the lifting plate 341, so that the limnoperna lacustris on the taken attached substrate 32 can be studied, and compared with the sampling mode directly from the attached substrate 32, the sampling study of the limnoperna lacustris can be performed more intuitively and effectively.
In the above embodiment, the first lifting element and the second lifting element are preferably electric push rods, and the electric push rods are waterproof structures.
It is worth noting that, since the plurality of attaching substrates 32 are disposed on the carrier 31, when one attaching substrate 32 is taken out, normal cultivation of the other attaching substrates 32 is not affected, and since the plurality of cultivation ponds 10 are disposed in the cultivation container 1, in the cultivation process, the cultivation conditions of each cultivation pond 10 can be controlled to sample and compare in each cultivation pond 10, so that the cultivation conditions are observed through different cultivation conditions, and are more suitable for growth of the limnoperna fortunei, and thus the propagation, movement, ingestion and other life and ecological habits of the limnoperna fortunei are more comprehensively known, so as to provide a data base for related study of the limnoperna fortunei.
In the above embodiment, after the sampling study of the attachment substrate 32 is completed, the attachment substrate 32 may be replaced by the sampling assembly to allow the attachment substrate to continue growing, so as to satisfy different experimental studies under other cultivation conditions.
It should be noted that, for convenience in sampling, the opening of the culture pond 10 is further provided with a first cover G1, as shown in fig. 10, when sampling is required, the first cover G1 corresponding to the opening of the culture pond 10 is opened, then the attached substrate 32 is lifted from the water by the material taking assembly 34, the attached substrate 32 is manually taken out from the culture pond 10, and then the first cover G1 is covered at the opening of the culture pond 10, so as to ensure that the environmental temperature in the culture pond 10 is affected as little as possible.
In order to realize continuous flow of water in the culture pond 10 and simulate a field living environment of limnoperna lacustris, this embodiment shows a preferred embodiment of the water circulation device 2, specifically, the water circulation device 2 includes a water outlet component 21, a filtering device 22 and a water inlet component 23, referring to fig. 1, one end of the water inlet component 23 is connected with a water inlet end of the culture pond 10, the other end is connected with a water outlet of the filtering device 22, one end of the water outlet component 21 is connected with a water outlet end of the culture pond 10, the other end is connected with a water inlet of the filtering device 22, the water outlet component 21 is used for receiving water flowing out of the culture pond 10, the filtering device 22 is used for filtering water flowing out of the culture pond 10, and the water inlet component 23 is used for conveying the filtered water into the culture pond 10.
Referring to fig. 7-9, a water outlet assembly 21 disclosed by the invention comprises a water collecting tank 211, a water pump 212 and a first filter screen 213, wherein the water collecting tank 211 is arranged on one side of a culture container 1 close to a water outlet end of a culture pond 10, a water outlet channel 101 communicated with the water collecting tank 211 is arranged on the side wall of the water outlet end of the culture pond 10, the water outlet channel 101 is higher than the top surface of an adhesion substrate 32, the first filter screen 213 is arranged in the water collecting tank 211 and is positioned above the water outlet channel 101, the water pump 212 is arranged in the water collecting tank 211 above the first filter screen 213, and the water pump 212 is connected with a water inlet of a filter device 22 through a pipeline.
With the above technical solution, water in the culture pond 10 flows into the water collection tank 211 through the water outlet channel 101, water entering the water collection tank 211 contains food floaters, such as algae not eaten by limnoperna fortunei, after entering the water collection tank 211, the floaters are filtered by the first filter screen 213, the water collection tank 211 is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by the first filter screen 213, water entering the water collection tank 211 by the culture pond 10 is filtered under the action of the first filter screen 213, the food floaters are located in the lower chamber of the water collection tank 211, the filtered water enters the upper chamber through the first filter screen 213, and water in the water collection tank 211 is pumped into the filtering device 22 for full filtration under the action of the water pump 212, and then is conveyed to the water inlet end of the culture pond 10 by the water inlet assembly 23. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the addition of water to the water collection tank 211, a detachable second tank cover G2 is further provided on the top of the water collection tank 211.
Because different cultivation conditions need to be controlled to study the limnoperna fortunei in the cultivation process, foods put in different cultivation ponds 10 may be different in the test process, and in addition, some test agents, such as agents for controlling the growth of the limnoperna fortunei or killing the limnoperna fortunei, are added in the cultivation process, and after being mixed in a water body, the agents enter a water collection tank 211 and need to be filtered, so that the water can be recycled under the condition of not changing water, and meanwhile, the cultivation requirement of the limnoperna fortunei can be met.
For this purpose, the present embodiment shows a preferred embodiment of the filtering device 22, specifically, the filtering device 22 includes a main body 221, and a mechanical filter 222, a biological filter 223, and a chemical filter 224 which are disposed in the main body 221 at intervals from top to bottom in the vertical direction, wherein the mechanical filter 222 is used for filtering particulate impurities in water, the mechanical filter 222 can select a filter screen with a smaller mesh size to filter out the smaller particulate impurities, the biological filter 223 is used for nitrification, and the core of the biological filter 223 is a filter material, such as bio-ball, ceramic ring, sponge, or plastic filler, etc., which provides a large surface area for bacteria to attach. Use of specific microorganisms to treat water with harmful ammonia (NH) 3 ) And Nitrite (NO) 2 (-) to relatively harmless Nitrate (NO) 3 -). Chemical filter 224 is used to filter chemical contaminants, and chemical filter 224 removes soluble contaminants from water by a chemical medium such as activated carbon, ion exchange resin, or an adsorbent.
In this embodiment, the water inlet assembly 23 is used for delivering water filtered by the filtering device 22 to the culture pond 10, the water inlet assembly 23 includes a main pipe 231, branch pipes 232 and a heat exchanger 233, one end of the main pipe 231 is connected with a water outlet of the filtering device 22, the other end is connected with a plurality of branch pipes 232 in parallel, a water inlet area is arranged between the carrier device 3 and a water inlet end of the culture pond 10, one end, far away from the main pipe 231, of the branch pipes 232 enters the culture pond 10 and is located in the water inlet area, and the heat exchanger 233 is arranged on the branch pipes 232 and is used for adjusting the water temperature of the branch pipes 232 led into the culture pond 10.
By adopting the above technical scheme, water can be supplied to each branch pipeline 232 through the main pipeline 231, and each branch pipeline 232 is used for introducing filtered water into the water inlet area of the culture pond 10, so that the water can be prevented from directly impacting the surface of the adhesion substrate 32 by introducing water into the water inlet area, and impact damage to the limnoperna lacustris can be avoided. The water in branch pipe 232 may be temperature regulated by heat exchanger 233, and in some embodiments, the temperature within the tank 10 may be detected in real time by providing a temperature sensor within the tank 10, and the water temperature regulated by heat exchanger 233.
In the above embodiment, the food in the enclosure area in the culture pond 10 cannot be completely consumed by the limnoperna lacustris, and a part of the food floats on the water surface, when the feeding is finished, the enclosure 331 descends, the water flows from the surface of the attaching base 32, the floating food can be flushed to the water outlet end of the culture pond 10, the water in the culture pond 10 can be communicated with the floating food and flow into the water collection tank 211 together through the water outlet channel 101 provided at the water outlet end, and in order to prevent the mixture in the water collection tank 211 from flowing back into the culture pond 10 through the water outlet channel 101, the backflow prevention plate 214 is arranged at the bottom surface of the first filter screen 213, the backflow prevention plate 214 is obliquely arranged downwards, and the oblique direction faces the water outlet channel 101, and a circulation gap is formed between the lower end of the backflow prevention plate 214 and the inner wall of the water collection tank 211, which is close to the culture container 1. From this setting, after the water in the breed pond 10 enters into the header tank 211 through the water outlet channel 101, the floater flows down along anti-return plate 214 along with rivers, passes the circulation clearance and enters into header tank 211 lower part cavity, because the setting of anti-return plate 214 for the floater in header tank 211 lower part cavity can not flow backwards to the breed case, after header tank 211 uses a period, can clear up the floater through the drain of header tank 211 bottom.
In this embodiment, in order to adjust the flow rate of the water, the branch pipe 232 is structurally configured, and specifically, the branch pipe 232 includes a branch pipe delivery pipe 2321, a first shunt pipe 2322 and a second shunt pipe 2323.
One end of the branch pipe conveying pipe 2321 is connected with the main pipe 231, the other end is connected with the first shunt pipe 2322 and the second shunt pipe 2323 in parallel, and the heat exchanger 233 is arranged on the branch pipe conveying pipe 2321;
one end, far away from the branch pipe conveying pipe 2321, of the first branch pipe 2322 and the second branch pipe 2323 both enter the culture pond 10 and are arranged in a water inlet area up and down, and flow valves S are respectively arranged on the first branch pipe 2322 and the second branch pipe 2323; the first shunt 2322 or the second shunt 2323 may be opened by a flow valve S, respectively.
The end of the first shunt tube 2322 is provided with a first shunt plate 2324, and a plurality of water outlets 2324-1 are formed in the bottom surface of the first shunt plate 2324 along the length direction thereof. In this embodiment, the first diverter 2324 is located above the water surface, and the water conveyed in the first diverter 2322 flows out through the water outlet 2324-1 on the bottom surface of the first diverter 2324 and is sprayed on the water surface in the water inlet area, so that a certain water flow speed is provided in the culture pond 10, and the water flow can be regulated through the flow valve S on the first diverter 2322, so that a certain water flow speed is provided in the culture pond 10, and meanwhile, the water level in the culture pond 10 is ensured.
It is noted that the water introduced into the culture pond 10 by the first shunt tube 2322 directly hits the water surface, the water flow can wash the food floating objects on the water surface, so that the food floating objects enter the water collection tank 211 along with the water flow through the water outlet channel 101, in the process, the water flow velocity in the culture pond 10 is slower, because during the culture process of the limnoperna fortunei, some large-particle food can fall into the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10, meanwhile, the excrement of the limnoperna fortunei can also fall into the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10, and the sediment on the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10 cannot be discharged timely, therefore, the invention provides the second shunt tube 2323 to solve the problem.
Specifically, the end of the second shunt tube 2323 is provided with a second shunt plate 2325, one side of the second shunt plate 2325 facing the water flow direction is provided with a plurality of nozzles 2325-2 inclined towards the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10, in this embodiment, the second shunt plate 2325 is close to the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10, after the limnoperna fortis cultured for a period of time, the flow valve S on the first shunt tube 2322 is closed, the flow valve S on the second shunt tube 2323 is opened, filtered water is sprayed out from the nozzles 2325-2 through the second shunt tube 2323 and the second shunt plate 2325, so as to flush the sediment on the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10 to the water outlet end of the culture pond 10, meanwhile, the bottom surface of the aggregate tank 102 is provided with a drain valve 103 on one side of the culture pond 10 close to the water tank 211, the sediment on the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10 is made to be in the aggregate tank 102 by increasing the flow velocity of the water flow of the second shunt tube 2323, and the sediment is discharged by opening the drain valve 103, so that the inside of the culture pond 10 is cleaned regularly, the clean environment of the limnoperna fortis ensured, and the survival rate of the limnoperna fortis improved.
In some preferred embodiments, since the second shunt 2323 rapidly increases the water level in the culture pond 10 during high-speed flushing, although water can be discharged into the water collection tank 211 through the water outlet channel 101, the opening size of the water outlet channel 101 is limited, the discharging speed is not high, so that the water in the water collection tank 211 is insufficient to circulate, for this purpose, the water discharge hole 104 is provided with the water discharge pipe 105 which is communicated with the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10 and between the water collection tank 211, the water discharge pipe 105 is provided with the shutoff valve 106, and the water discharge hole 104 is provided with the second filter screen 107, so that when the sediment on the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10 is flushed with a large flow of the second shunt 2323, the water in the culture pond 10 can rapidly enter the water collection tank 211 through the water discharge hole 104 and the water discharge pipe 105, so that enough water can be kept in the water collection tank 211 to circulate in the culture pond 10. Through the setting of second filter screen 107, can filter the precipitate, make the precipitate fall into aggregate tank 102 as much as possible, be used for collecting and filter food floater in the header tank 211 lower part cavity, floater and precipitate collect respectively and discharge, improve breeding device's convenience of use greatly.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a temperature sensor and an oxygen dissolving device may be further disposed on the inner bottom surface of the culture pond 10, the temperature sensor is used to monitor the environmental temperature in the culture pond 10, and the problem of water flowing into the culture pond 10 is adjusted in real time, and the oxygen content in the culture pond 10 is satisfied by the oxygen dissolving device, which belongs to the prior art, and herein, the embodiment is not specifically described.
The invention also discloses an indoor culture method of the limnoperna lacustris, which utilizes the indoor culture system of the limnoperna lacustris, and comprises the following steps:
s1, circulating water flow is introduced into the culture pond 10 through the water circulation device 2, so that the water surface in the culture pond 10 is higher than the top surface of the adhesion matrix 32;
s2, lifting the enclosure piece 331 through the first lifting element 332, enabling the enclosure piece 331 to be higher than the water surface, and putting the limnoperna lacustris larvae into an enclosure area formed by the enclosure piece 331 and the attaching matrix 32;
s3, putting a certain amount of food into the enclosure area through the feeding device 4, slowing down the flow rate of water flow, controlling the temperature and dissolved oxygen in the culture pond 10, and simulating the growth environment of the larva of the limnoperna fortunei;
s4, in the growth stage of the larva of the limnoperna fortunei, the food can be replaced regularly by descending and then lifting the enclosure piece 331;
S5, after the limnoperna lacustris larvae grow into adults, attaching the limnoperna lacustris adults to the surface of the attaching matrix 32, lowering the enclosing member 331 below the bearing frame, controlling the flow speed, temperature and dissolved oxygen of water flow, and simulating the field production conditions of the limnoperna lacustris adults;
s6, when food is needed to be fed for a certain time, the enclosing piece 331 is lifted, food is fed in an enclosing area formed by the enclosing piece 331 and the attaching base body 32, the water flow speed is slowed down, and the enclosing piece 331 is lowered after the limnoperna fortunei is fed for a certain time, and normal water flow is recovered.
According to the culture system, when the freshwater mussel larvae are initially thrown in the culture process of the freshwater mussel, the retaining piece 331 is kept to rise for a long time and form a retaining area with the attaching base body 32, the freshwater mussel larvae are thrown in the retaining area, so that the freshwater mussel can be limited in the retaining area, water flow is prevented from flushing the freshwater mussel larvae to the water outlet end of the culture pond 10, meanwhile, in the growth stage of the freshwater mussel larvae, food throwing is also conducted in the retaining area, the freshwater mussel larvae can be ensured to float, quickly spread and ingest food in the retaining area, after the later freshwater mussel larvae grow into a body, the later freshwater mussel larvae can be attached to the surface of the attaching base body 32, at the moment, the retaining piece 331 is only lifted by feeding, and the rest of time is reduced to enable the water flow to flow on the surface of the attaching base body 32, and thus the field growth environment of the freshwater mussel is simulated.
The limnoperna lacustris cultivation by adopting the cultivation system disclosed by the invention can ensure that limnoperna lacustris in different stages can fully ingest food in the cultivation pond 10, can reduce the flushing of food by water flow and improve the utilization rate of food, and can ensure that water flow passes in the limnoperna lacustris feeding stage, so that the limnoperna lacustris still in flowing water when the limnoperna lacustris ingested, thereby truly simulating the field growth environment of the limnoperna lacustris and improving the cultivation survival rate of the limnoperna lacustris.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An indoor culture system for limnoperna lacustris, comprising:
the cultivation container (1), at least one cultivation pond (10) is arranged in the cultivation container (1);
one end of the water circulation device (2) is connected with the water inlet end of the culture pond (10), and the other end of the water circulation device is connected with the water outlet end of the culture pond (10) and is used for circularly introducing culture water into the culture pond (10);
the carrier device (3) is arranged in the culture pond (10) and comprises a bearing frame (31), an attaching matrix (32) and a surrounding baffle component (33), wherein the bearing frame (31) is fixedly arranged in the culture pond (10), the attaching matrix (32) is horizontally arranged at the top of the bearing frame (31) and used for enabling the limnoperna fortunei to attach to the surface of the limnoperna fortunei, the surrounding baffle component (33) comprises a surrounding baffle piece (331) and a first lifting element (332), the surrounding baffle piece (331) is movably arranged on the bearing frame (31) and surrounds the periphery side of the attaching matrix (32), and the first lifting element (332) is used for driving the surrounding baffle piece (331) to move up and down on the bearing frame (31);
And the feeding device (4) is used for feeding food into a surrounding area formed by the surrounding piece (331) and the attaching matrix (32) when the surrounding piece (331) is higher than the water surface in the culture pond (10).
2. The limnoperna lacustris indoor culture system of claim 1, wherein: each culture pond (10) corresponds one respectively and throws edible device (4), throw edible device (4) including food container (41), conveying pipeline (42) and defeated material proportional valve (43), food container (41) set up in culture container (1) outside, and be located culture pond (10) water inlet end one side, the one end and the food container (41) bottom intercommunication of conveying pipeline (42), the other end passes culture container (1) and enters into culture pond (10), and the fixed distributor (44) that is provided with in tip of conveying pipeline, distributor (44) are used for putting food into the enclosing area, defeated material proportional valve (43) set up on conveying pipeline (42).
3. The limnoperna lacustris indoor culture system of claim 2, wherein: the side wall of the water inlet end of the culture pond (10) is obliquely downwards provided with a material guide plate (45), the material guide plate (45) is positioned below the distributor (44), and the lower end of the material guide plate (45) is positioned above the inner side of the enclosing member (331).
4. The limnoperna lacustris indoor culture system of claim 2, wherein: the surfaces of the bearing frame (31) and the attaching base body (32) are provided with a plurality of mutually communicated water permeable holes (H) in the vertical direction.
5. The limnoperna lacustris indoor culture system of claim 1, wherein: the carrier device (3) further comprises a material taking assembly (34), the material taking assembly (34) comprises lifting plates (341) and second lifting elements (342), the attached substrates (32) are provided with a plurality of blocks, the attached substrates are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the bearing frame (31) along the water flow direction, a group of material taking assemblies (34) are correspondingly arranged on the bottom surface of each attached substrate (32), the lifting plates (341) are horizontally arranged between the attached substrates (32) and the bearing frame (31), the second lifting elements (342) are fixedly arranged on the inner bottom surface of the culture pond (10) and used for driving the lifting plates (341) to lift the attached substrates (32) to move up and down.
6. The limnoperna lacustris indoor culture system of claim 1, wherein: the water circulation device (2) comprises a water outlet component (21), a filtering device (22) and a water inlet component (23), one end of the water inlet component (23) is connected with the water inlet end of the culture pond (10), the other end of the water inlet component is connected with the water outlet end of the filtering device (22), one end of the water outlet component (21) is connected with the water outlet end of the culture pond (10), the other end of the water outlet component is connected with the water inlet of the filtering device (22), the water outlet component (21) is used for receiving water flowing out of the culture pond (10), the filtering device (22) is used for filtering the water flowing out of the culture pond (10), and the water inlet component (23) is used for conveying the filtered water into the culture pond (10).
7. The limnoperna lacustris indoor culture system of claim 6, wherein: the water outlet assembly (21) comprises a water collecting tank (211), a water pump (212) and a first filter screen (213), wherein the water collecting tank (211) is arranged on one side, close to the water outlet end of the culture pond (10), of the culture container (1), a water outlet channel (101) communicated with the water collecting tank (211) is arranged on the side wall of the water outlet end of the culture pond (10), the water outlet channel (101) is higher than the top surface of the adhesion matrix (32), the first filter screen (213) is arranged in the water collecting tank (211) and is positioned above the water outlet channel (101), the water pump (212) is arranged in the water collecting tank (211) above the first filter screen (213), and the water pump (212) is connected with a water inlet of the filtering device (22) through a pipeline;
the filtering device (22) comprises a body (221), and a mechanical filter (222), a biological filter (223) and a chemical filter (224) which are arranged in the body (221) at intervals from top to bottom along the vertical direction, wherein the mechanical filter (222) is used for filtering particle impurities in water, the biological filter (223) is used for nitrifying, and the chemical filter (224) is used for filtering chemical pollutants;
the utility model provides a water inlet assembly (23) includes trunk line (231), branch pipe (232) and heat exchanger (233), the one end of trunk line (231) is connected with the delivery port of filter equipment (22), and the other end is parallelly connected with many branch pipe (232), is provided with the region of intaking between carrier device (3) and breed pond (10) water inlet end, and the one end that branch pipe (232) kept away from trunk line (231) enters into breed pond (10) and is located the region of intaking, and heat exchanger (233) set up on branch pipe (232) for adjust the water temperature that branch pipe (232) let in breed pond (10).
8. The limnoperna lacustris indoor culture system of claim 7, wherein: the bottom surface of the first filter screen (213) is provided with a backflow prevention plate (214), the backflow prevention plate (214) is arranged in a downward inclined mode, the inclined direction faces the water outlet channel (101), and a circulation gap is formed between the lower end of the backflow prevention plate (214) and the inner wall of one side, close to the culture container (1), of the water collecting tank (211).
9. The limnoperna lacustris indoor culture system of claim 7, wherein: the branch pipe (232) comprises a branch pipe conveying pipe (2321), a first shunt pipe (2322) and a second shunt pipe (2323);
one end of the branch pipe conveying pipe (2321) is connected with the main pipe (231), the other end of the branch pipe conveying pipe is connected with the first shunt pipe (2322) and the second shunt pipe (2323) in parallel, and the heat exchanger (233) is arranged on the branch pipe conveying pipe (2321);
one end, far away from the branch pipe conveying pipe (2321), of the first shunt pipe (2322) and the second shunt pipe (2323) both enter the culture pond (10) and are arranged in a water inlet area up and down, and flow valves (S) are respectively arranged on the first shunt pipe (2322) and the second shunt pipe (2323);
the tail end of the first shunt tube (2322) is provided with a first shunt plate (2324), and the bottom surface of the first shunt plate (2324) is provided with a plurality of water outlets (2324-1) along the length direction of the first shunt plate;
The tail end of the second shunt pipe (2323) is provided with a second shunt plate (2325), and one side of the second shunt plate (2325) facing the water flow direction is provided with a plurality of nozzles (2325-2) inclined towards the inner bottom surface of the culture pond (10);
a collecting tank (102) is arranged on the bottom surface of one side of the culture pond (10) close to the water collecting tank (211), and a blow-down valve (103) is arranged on the bottom surface of the collecting tank (102).
10. An indoor culture method for limnoperna lacustris, which utilizes the indoor culture system for limnoperna lacustris as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, circulating water flow is introduced into a culture pond (10) through a water circulation device (2), so that the water surface in the culture pond (10) is higher than the top surface of an adhesion matrix (32);
s2, lifting the enclosure piece (331) through the first lifting element (332), enabling the enclosure piece (331) to be higher than the water surface, and putting the limnoperna lacustris larvae in an enclosure area formed by the enclosure piece (331) and the attaching matrix (32);
s3, putting a certain amount of food into the enclosure area through the feeding device (4), slowing down the flow rate of water flow, controlling the temperature and dissolved oxygen in the culture pond (10), and simulating the growth environment of the larva of the limnoperna fortunei;
s4, in the growth stage of the larva of the limnoperna fortunei, the food can be replaced regularly by lowering and then lifting the surrounding baffle (331);
S5, after the limnoperna lacustris larvae grow into adults, the limnoperna lacustris adults are attached to the surface of an attaching matrix (32), the enclosure part (331) is lowered below the bearing frame, the flow speed, the temperature and dissolved oxygen of water flow are controlled, and the field production conditions of the limnoperna lacustris adults are simulated;
s6, when food is needed to be fed for a certain time, the enclosing piece (331) is lifted, food is fed in an enclosing area formed by the enclosing piece (331) and the attaching base body (32), the water flow speed is slowed down, and the enclosing piece (331) is lowered after the limnoperna fortunei is fed for a certain time, so that normal water flow is recovered.
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