CN117470721A - Method for measuring and evaluating high-temperature degradation strength and granularity degradation behavior of metallurgical coke - Google Patents
Method for measuring and evaluating high-temperature degradation strength and granularity degradation behavior of metallurgical coke Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
A method for measuring and evaluating the high-temperature degradation strength and granularity degradation behavior of metallurgical coke belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and solves the technical problem that the granularity degradation behavior of coke in the prior art lacks a proper measuring and evaluating method, and comprises the following steps: weighing coke samples, wherein the initial granularity of the coke fed into the furnace is R 0 The corresponding densities are ρ and compressive strength; heating the coke in the furnace to 1100 ℃ in a pure nitrogen atmosphere and preserving the heat for 120min; switching atmosphere to CO 2 The atmosphere is kept at 1100 ℃ for 120min, and the coke with complete reaction is obtained; determining the difference delta between the maximum and minimum particle sizes of cokeRThe concentration of the deteriorated particle size distribution sigma, the average particle size of the deteriorated coke
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a method for measuring and evaluating high-temperature degradation strength and granularity degradation behavior of metallurgical coke.
Background
Coke is the only unmelted solid matter below the blast furnace reflow zone, and the framework pillar function of the coke in the blast furnace cannot be replaced by other raw fuel. As a passage for the rising of the gas flow and the falling flow of the iron droplets, the deteriorated strength of the coke in the blast furnace (deteriorated particle size, coke bed porosity), especially the coke bed porosity, has a critical influence on the smooth running of the blast furnace and the efficient smelting. At present, the quality system mainly aims at controlling the granularity of coke in a blast furnace, such as indexes of average charging granularity, M10/M25, CRI/CSR and the like, which leads to that the void content of a coke layer is not effectively controlled, and further the fluctuation or deterioration of ventilation and liquid permeability of the blast furnace is fed back to smelting production. On the basis of controlling the size of the coke degradation granularity, further reasonably making and evaluating the size of the void fraction of the coke layer is a key measure for effectively controlling and improving the ventilation and liquid permeability of the blast furnace, and is also an urgent need for optimizing a coke quality control system.
At present, the main evaluation indexes of coke quality are the average granularity of the coke entering the furnace and the thermal state performance of the coke, such as CRI of coke reactivity and CSR of strength after reaction, and are also the coke high-temperature performance evaluation methods commonly used by the traditional blast furnace, and the main reference of enterprises and scientific research institutions is national standard "Coke reactivity and strength after reaction experiment method" (GB/T4000-2008). The method comprises the steps of mixing coke with certain granularity at 1100 ℃ with CO 2 Fully reacting for 2 hours, taking the weight loss rate as an index for evaluating the high-temperature reactivity of the coke, crushing the reacted coke in a rotary drum device, and taking the proportion of the crushed coke particles larger than 10mm as the intensity index of the coke after the reaction. The main drawbacks of this approach are the following:
1. the specific gravity of coke particles larger than 10mm is used as an index for evaluating the strength of the coke after reaction, the granularity of the coke degradation can be basically controlled, but the influence of the coke quality on the porosity of a coke layer is not reflected, different characteristics of the coke form different granularity distribution characteristics due to different degradation gradients, and the porosity and the air permeability are further influenced;
2. the influence of the particle size distribution concentration of the coke in the blast furnace is not considered, the particle size degradation behavior and degradation result of the coke in the blast furnace are influenced by the particle size distribution concentration of the coke in the blast furnace as the initial input condition of the particle size degradation in the blast furnace, and the influence of the coke particle size on the blast furnace is not reflected by the traditional single average particle size index;
3. in actual production, the granularity of coke entering the furnace is 20-80 mm, and the CSR detection granularity is only 23-25 mm, so that the actual influence of coke quality on blast furnace air permeability can not be accurately reflected.
In summary, the size and the porosity of the coke degradation particle size have extremely important influence on blast furnace smelting, a set of perfect evaluation standards is needed, the relationship between the quality of the coke and the size and the porosity of the coke degradation particle size in the blast furnace are comprehensively considered, and a more reasonable and accurate evaluation and control method for the coke degradation strength and the particle size degradation behavior is formulated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, solve the technical problem that the proper measurement and evaluation method for the granularity degradation behavior of coke in the prior art is lacking, and provide a measurement and evaluation method for the high-temperature degradation strength and granularity degradation behavior of metallurgical coke.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the method for measuring and evaluating the high-temperature degradation strength and the granularity degradation behavior of the metallurgical coke comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the initial granularity of coke which is different into the furnace as R 0 Determination of the initial particle size of R 0 The density rho and compressive strength corresponding to the coke of different charging furnace, and determining the average particle size of the coke of different charging furnaceAnd particle size distribution concentration->Wherein:
average particle size of different charged cokes:；
standard deviation of particle size distribution:；
particle size distribution concentration of different charged cokes:；
wherein n is the fraction number; w (w) i The mass fraction of the size range corresponding to the n-th size number of the coke charged into the furnace is the mass fraction of the size range corresponding to the n-th size number of the coke charged into the furnace; r is R 1 The lower limit value of the size range corresponding to the n-th size number of the coke charged into the furnace is set;
s2, setting the initial granularity as R 0 Respectively placing different coke-entering carbons into a pure nitrogen atmosphere, and preserving heat at 25-1100 ℃ for 120min to obtain first-process coke;
s3, placing the coke prepared in the step S2 in CO with the volume fraction of 20% -100% 2 In atmosphere, keep warm at 1100 DEG C120min to obtain coke with complete reaction;
s4, cooling the coke with the different particle sizes completely reacted in the step S3 under the protection of nitrogen, weighing and recording the mass of the coke; then, placing the cooled coke in an electronic pressure testing machine for compression test, and obtaining the crushing work of the coke through a stress-strain curve;
s5, mixing the degraded coke obtained in the step S4 according to the ratio of more than 0.8R 0 、0.8R 0 ~0.2R 0 Less than 0.2R 0 Screening coke samples with large, medium and small three-level granularity, and weighing mass m corresponding to the coke samples with large, medium and small three-level granularity max 、m In (a) M min And calculated by the following formula:
maximum particle size of cokeR max And minimum particle sizeR min Is a difference delta of (1)R=R max -R min ；
Deteriorated particle size distribution concentration degree:；
average particle size of coke degradation:；
wherein,Mis the total mass of the coke;to degrade the average particle size of the coke; />；
S6, taking the crushing work obtained in the step S4 as the thermal compressive strength of the coke, and taking the maximum granularity of the coke obtained in the step S5R max And minimum particle sizeR min As the high-temperature deterioration strength of the coke, the difference in the deterioration particle size distribution concentration, the average particle size of the coke;
if the coke has the maximum particle sizeR max And minimum particle sizeR min The smaller the difference in (a) is, the higher the concentration of the deteriorated particle size distribution is, and the deteriorated average particle size of the coke isThe larger the high-temperature degradation strength of the coke is, the better the thermal state performance of the coke is.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the coke is used as a porous carbonaceous material, and can be broken under the chemical dissolution loss and continuous loading of a blast furnace to generate granularity degradation, and in the process, the granularity size and the distribution degree of the coke are important factors for influencing the strength of the coke after reaction. Therefore, the effective index of the coke can be obtained by measuring the breaking work of the coke after dissolution loss and comparing the granularity range and the distribution condition of the coke so as to evaluate the strength of the coke after reaction. The evaluation of the strength after reaction of the coke by using the difference in size Δr, the concentration of the particle size distribution σ, and the average particle size' R of the coke degradation actually takes into account the influence of the different particle size distributions after dissolution loss of the coke, not just the proportion of the coke particles larger than 10 mm. Therefore, compared with the traditional evaluation method which only considers the proportion of coke particles larger than 10mm as the strength after the coke reaction, the evaluation method is more accurate and comprehensive;
2. the invention provides a method for evaluating the strength of the coke after the reaction by adopting a difference delta R of the size granularity, a concentration sigma of the granularity distribution and an average granularity' R of the coke degradation for the first time, and compared with the traditional method for taking the proportion of coke particles with the size of more than 10mm accounting for the total weight after the coke is crushed by rotary drum equipment as the strength of the coke after the reaction, the method comprehensively considers the influence of the coke degradation to form all particle size ranges. Compared with compressive strength, the blast furnace is more concerned about the extent to which the coke particle size is deteriorated by dissolution in the interior thereof, which is also the reason why the strength after the coke reaction CSR is the most concerned in the conventional measuring method. The more concentrated the granularity of the degradation and degradation of the coke, the smaller the granularity difference value, the more favorable the ventilation and liquid permeation of the blast furnace, namely the higher the strength of the coke after reaction, so the root requirement of the blast furnace can be accurately reflected by the strength after the coke reaction by evaluating the granularity difference delta R, the granularity distribution concentration sigma and the average granularity' R of the coke degradation.
3. The invention has simple process flow, stable process parameters, and more objective and real evaluation results, and the temperature system and atmosphere setting are consistent with those of the actual blast furnace. Furthermore, the invention does not use drum equipment with huge volume, larger noise and larger error, adopts an accurate electronic pressure tester and a granularity measuring instrument, is easier to obtain and operate, has small error of measuring results and is convenient for measurement in a laboratory; as coke quality evaluation and control index, the method is easy to accept for production units, and can provide guidance for actual production.
In summary, the invention considers the relation between the degradation average granularity, the size granularity difference, the granularity distribution concentration and the coke high-temperature degradation strength, considers the influence of the blast furnace atmosphere on the porous coke dissolution degradation and considers the influence of the coke granularity distribution after dissolution degradation on the blast furnace smelting, so the invention can measure and evaluate the degradation strength and granularity degradation behavior of the coke in the blast furnace ironmaking, and the evaluation result is more accurate and practical compared with the traditional evaluation method of the strength after coke reaction.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The method for measuring and evaluating the high-temperature degradation strength and the granularity degradation behavior of the metallurgical coke comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the initial granularity of coke which is different into the furnace as R 0 Determination of the initial particle size of R 0 The density rho and compressive strength corresponding to the coke of different charging furnace, and determining the average particle size of the coke of different charging furnaceAnd particle size distribution concentration->Wherein:
average particle size of different charged cokes:；
standard deviation of particle size distribution:；
particle size of coke charged into furnaceDistribution concentration degree:；
wherein n is the fraction number; w (w) i The mass fraction of the size range corresponding to the n-th size number of the coke charged into the furnace is the mass fraction of the size range corresponding to the n-th size number of the coke charged into the furnace; r is R 1 The lower limit value of the size range corresponding to the n-th size number of the coke charged into the furnace is set;
s2, setting the initial granularity as R 0 Respectively placing different coke-entering carbons into a pure nitrogen atmosphere, and preserving heat at 25-1100 ℃ for 120min to obtain first-process coke;
s3, placing the coke prepared in the step S2 in CO with the volume fraction of 20% -100% 2 In the atmosphere, preserving heat for 120min at 1100 ℃ to obtain coke with complete reaction;
s4, cooling the coke with the different particle sizes completely reacted in the step S3 under the protection of nitrogen, weighing and recording the mass of the coke; then, placing the cooled coke in an electronic pressure testing machine for compression test, and obtaining the crushing work of the coke through a stress-strain curve;
s5, mixing the degraded coke obtained in the step S4 according to the ratio of more than 0.8R 0 、0.8R 0 ~0.2R 0 Less than 0.2R 0 Screening coke samples with large, medium and small three-level granularity, and weighing mass m corresponding to the coke samples with large, medium and small three-level granularity max 、m In (a) M min And calculated by the following formula:
maximum particle size of cokeR max And minimum particle sizeR min Is a difference delta of (1)R=R max -R min ；
Deteriorated particle size distribution concentration degree:；
average particle size of coke degradation:；
wherein,Mis the total mass of the coke;to degrade the average particle size of the coke; />；
S6, taking the crushing work obtained in the step S4 as the thermal compressive strength of the coke, and taking the maximum granularity of the coke obtained in the step S5R max And minimum particle sizeR min As the high-temperature deterioration strength of the coke, the difference in the deterioration particle size distribution concentration, the average particle size of the coke;
if the coke has the maximum particle sizeR max And minimum particle sizeR min The smaller the difference in the deterioration particle size distribution concentration, the higher the average particle size of the deteriorated coke, the higher the high-temperature deterioration strength of the coke, and the better the thermal state performance of the coke.
The stamp-charged coke has a higher post-reaction strength (conventional test method) than conventional coke, but it is used in many blast furnaces, especially 2000m 3 The application effect in the large blast furnace is always poor. The tamping coke A with poor effect and the top coke B with good effect used by a certain domestic iron and steel enterprise are selected, and the strength after the reaction is respectively measured by adopting a traditional method (namely GB/T4000-2008), and the result is shown in the table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the high temperature performance of the stamp-charged coke measured by the conventional method is obviously better than that of the top-charged coke, but the practical application effect of the stamp-charged coke A on the blast furnace is obviously poorer than that of the top-charged coke B, and the parallel experiment of the strength after reaction shows that the parallel experiment of the strength after reaction tested by the conventional drum equipment has obvious difference and poorer accuracy.
The tamping coke A and the top coke B are respectively subjected to two groups of parallel tests by adopting the invention, and finally the average value is taken. The experimental data were measured and calculated separately, and the results are shown in table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, the strength of the top-loading coke B obtained by the method is obviously better than that of the stamp-charging coke A after reaction, which is consistent with the actual production result, the problem that the conventional evaluation method deviates from the objective fact is solved, the error of parallel experiments of the method is small, and the accuracy of the measurement result is far higher than that of the conventional rotary drum method.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (1)
1. The method for measuring and evaluating the high-temperature degradation strength and the granularity degradation behavior of the metallurgical coke is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, setting the initial granularity of coke which is different into the furnace as R 0 Determination of the initial particle size of R 0 The density rho and compressive strength corresponding to the coke of different charging furnace, and determining the average particle size of the coke of different charging furnaceAnd particle size distribution concentration->Wherein:
average particle size of different charged cokes:；
standard deviation of particle size distribution:；
particle size distribution concentration of different charged cokes:；
wherein n is the fraction number; w (w) i The mass fraction of the size range corresponding to the n-th size number of the coke charged into the furnace is the mass fraction of the size range corresponding to the n-th size number of the coke charged into the furnace; r is R 1 The lower limit value of the size range corresponding to the n-th size number of the coke charged into the furnace is set;
s2, setting the initial granularity as R 0 Respectively placing different coke-entering carbons into a pure nitrogen atmosphere, and preserving heat at 25-1100 ℃ for 120min to obtain first-process coke;
s3, placing the coke prepared in the step S2 in CO with the volume fraction of 20% -100% 2 In the atmosphere, preserving heat for 120min at 1100 ℃ to obtain coke with complete reaction;
s4, cooling the coke with the different particle sizes completely reacted in the step S3 under the protection of nitrogen, weighing and recording the mass of the coke; then, placing the cooled coke in an electronic pressure testing machine for compression test, and obtaining the crushing work of the coke through a stress-strain curve;
s5, mixing the degraded coke obtained in the step S4 according to the ratio of more than 0.8R 0 、0.8R 0 ~0.2R 0 Less than 0.2R 0 Screening coke samples with large, medium and small three-level granularity, and weighing mass m corresponding to the coke samples with large, medium and small three-level granularity max 、m In (a) M min And calculated by the following formula:
maximum particle size of cokeR max And minimum particle sizeR min Is a difference delta of (1)R=R max -R min ；
Deteriorated particle size distribution concentration degree:；
average particle size of coke degradation:；
wherein,Mis the total mass of the coke;to degrade the average particle size of the coke; />；
S6, taking the crushing work obtained in the step S4 as the thermal compressive strength of the coke, and taking the maximum granularity of the coke obtained in the step S5R max And minimum particle sizeR min As the high-temperature deterioration strength of the coke, the difference in the deterioration particle size distribution concentration, the average particle size of the coke;
if the coke has the maximum particle sizeR max And minimum particle sizeR min The smaller the difference in the deterioration particle size distribution concentration, the higher the average particle size of the deteriorated coke, the higher the high-temperature deterioration strength of the coke, and the better the thermal state performance of the coke.
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