CN117027931A - Short-process tail waste synergistic paste filling process under metal mine - Google Patents
Short-process tail waste synergistic paste filling process under metal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN117027931A CN117027931A CN202311093435.0A CN202311093435A CN117027931A CN 117027931 A CN117027931 A CN 117027931A CN 202311093435 A CN202311093435 A CN 202311093435A CN 117027931 A CN117027931 A CN 117027931A
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/06—Filling-up mechanically
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of metal ore paste filling, and particularly relates to a metal ore underground short-process tail waste synergistic paste filling process, which comprises the following steps of 1, carrying out layered division on ore veins; step 2, manufacturing high-concentration tailings; step 3, when upward layered filling is adopted, constructing an artificial bottom column to replace an ore bottom column; when adopting downward layered filling, the artificial roof is constructed first and then the filling is carried out after each layered stoping is finished; step 4, conveying cement to a secondary well on the ground by a truck, and feeding the stirring mine car; step 5, pumping clear water to a horizontal mixer, mixing one part of the clear water with tailing sand to prepare filling slurry, and discharging the cleaning wastewater to a sedimentation tank, wherein the other part of the clear water is used for cleaning the horizontal mixer; and step 6, stirring by a horizontal stirrer, and pumping to a steep Bao Kuangmai stope for filling after the slurry concentration reaches a set value. The method saves the filling and transportation cost, and simultaneously follows the green mine exploitation concept of orderly exploitation and high-efficiency utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal ore paste filling, and particularly relates to a short-process tail waste synergistic paste filling process under a metal ore well.
Background
The metal ore steeply inclined thin ore vein is widely distributed in rare, rare and noble strategic mineral resources in China and has rich reserves, and is typified by tungsten ore and gold ore. The thin veins are influenced by the ore forming mechanism, and the method has the characteristics of thin veins, large space variability, common branching recombination phenomenon and multi-vein group output. At present, the steep thin vein of the metal ore is mostly filled in a dry mode with low filling capability, small filling strength and large dust, and part of mines try to integrate dry filling and cemented filling. However, the process has the difficult problems in key processes such as waste stone dry filling block stone material transportation, tailing slurry transportation and the like. Especially for thin ore veins with small stope filling amount, large quantity and space dispersion, the problems of complex ground paste preparation system, difficult filling pipeline layout, large transportation cost and the like are more remarkable by adopting the traditional filling process. The invention is very important for solid waste filling technology suitable for mining the metal ore steeply inclined thin vein.
At present, the filling mining method is mainly divided into an upward layered filling method, a downward layered filling method and a subsequent filling mining method. The subsequent filling mining method is difficult to manage due to the large goaf, so that the filling mining method often collapses and even collapses the ground surface due to insufficient filling strength or progress, and serious damage is caused. Meanwhile, the filling mining method is difficult to ensure the filling strength, and the bottom columns and the intermediate columns are difficult to recover, so that a certain amount of ore is lost. Compared with the upward horizontal layered filling method, the method is one of the most widely used filling mining methods at home and abroad due to the special flow. For metal ore deposits with extremely high ore value but unstable surrounding rock, such as gold ore, nickel ore and the like, the upward horizontal layered filling method often enables the surrounding rock to be suspended, workers can not work under an exposed top plate, the safety of stoping operation can not be guaranteed, under the condition, a downward horizontal layered filling method is generally adopted, and under the protection of an artificial false roof, stoping is carried out according to a layered approach filling from top to bottom.
In the current filling process, compared with dry filling, paste filling solves the problem of accumulation of surface tailings and waste stones, effectively controls ground subsidence and improves recovery rate. However, paste filling is usually carried out by establishing a filling station on the ground surface and transporting the prepared slurry to a large goaf through a pipeline, so that the method is faced with the problems of long filling conveying pipelines, high infrastructure construction cost, large long-distance transportation loss of raw materials and the like. According to the invention, the filling station is built underground, so that the underground short-flow tail waste synergistic paste filling process is realized, the transportation path is shortened, the filling cost is saved, the mine operation cost is reduced, the solid waste comprehensive utilization of the metal mine tailings is realized, and the environment-friendly mine concept is followed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the embarrassment faced by the metal ore steep thin vein filling, the invention provides a metal ore underground short-flow tail waste synergistic paste filling process.
A metal mine underground short-process tail waste synergistic paste filling process comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing the ore vein into a plurality of layers according to geological conditions and the requirements of a mining process; the vertical vein trend of the stope is divided into strips, and the strips are retreated to the center, and are filled up in a layered manner or are filled down in a layered manner;
step 2, ore is dumped down to a subsection tunnel through an ore pass by a scraper or a scraper, then is transported to an underground ore dressing plant through a main ore pass and a stage transportation tunnel by a mine car, tailings with concentration of 20% -30% are transported to a centrifugal mine car through a pipeline laid in advance by the ore dressing plant to prepare high-concentration tailings, the high-concentration tailings are pumped to a stirring mine car, clean water generated by the centrifugation of the stirring mine car is pumped into a sedimentation tank, and industrial circulating water after sedimentation treatment flows into the clean water tank;
step 3, when upward layered filling is adopted, constructing an artificial bottom column to replace an ore bottom column; when adopting downward layered filling, the artificial roof is constructed first and then the filling is carried out after each layered stoping is finished;
the artificial bottom column and artificial false roof construction adopts a mode of combining waste stone dry filling and cemented filling, after the broken and ground waste stones are crushed and crushed, the grading of filling bodies is adjusted according to the strength requirement, the waste stones are transported to a steep thin ore stope with larger block degree, and the waste stones are transported to a waste stone mine car by a scraper with smaller block degree to serve as filling raw materials;
after the broken and ground waste stones are crushed and ground, the grading of filling bodies is adjusted according to the strength requirement, the waste stones with larger block size are transported to a steep-slope thin ore stope, and the waste stones with smaller block size are transported to a waste stone mine car by a scraper as filling raw materials;
step 4, conveying cement to a secondary well on the ground by a truck, lifting an empty cement mine car to the ground by a secondary well cage, loading cement, conveying the cement back to a roadway by a main well cage after loading, conveying the cement to an integrated device, and feeding the stirred mine car;
step 5, pumping clear water to a horizontal mixer, mixing one part of the clear water with tailing sand to prepare filling slurry, and discharging the cleaning wastewater to a sedimentation tank, wherein the other part of the clear water is used for cleaning the horizontal mixer;
and step 6, stirring the raw materials by a horizontal stirrer, and pumping the raw materials to a steep Bao Kuangmai stope for filling after the slurry concentration reaches a set value.
In the step 1, the pulse height difference between each layer is controlled to be 2-3m.
In the step 1, when upward layered filling is adopted, in the stoping process, filling is maintained while stoping, and the height of the top plate is controlled to be not more than 3m; when adopting the downward layered filling, the height of the top plate is controlled to be not more than 3m in the stoping process.
The step 2 is specifically as follows: the concentration of tailings which are 20% -30% of concentration of the concentration plant is conveyed to a horizontal decanter centrifuge in a centrifugal mine car through a pipeline laid in advance by the concentration plant, high-concentration tailings with 60% -70% of concentration are produced, the tailings flow into a slurry pump at the lower layer through a layering partition plate under the action of gravity, and the tailings are pumped to a horizontal stirrer for stirring the mine car through a slurry pipe; a gamma ray concentration meter I and an electric valve I are arranged on the slurry pipe, wherein the electric valve I is close to one side of the horizontal mixer; clear water generated by the centrifugation of a horizontal centrifuge on a stirring mine car passes through a layered partition plate through gravity to flow into a water pump below and is pumped to a sedimentation tank, and industrial circulating water after sedimentation treatment flows into the clear water tank and is used for slurry preparation and concentration adjustment of a horizontal stirrer or flushing of the horizontal stirrer.
In step 3, constructing an artificial bottom column, specifically: the specific flow is as follows: crushing the broken waste stones by a waste stone crusher, adjusting the grading of filling bodies according to the strength requirement, screening the crushed waste stones into waste stones with different block sizes by a vibrating screen, conveying the waste stones with particle sizes smaller than 20mm onto a truck body of a waste stone mine car by a scraper truck, opening a carriage bottom plate arranged at the bottom of the truck body during unloading, dropping the waste stones onto a belt conveyor arranged at the front end of the waste stone mine car, and conveying the waste stones into a collecting hopper by the belt conveyor of the waste stone mine car to serve as filling raw materials; the rest of the waste stones are directly transported to a steep Bao Kuangmai stope; the filling slurry with the concentration of about 75% is prepared and is mixed with the large waste rock to jointly construct the false bottom.
In the step 3, constructing an artificial false roof, specifically: the artificial false roof is separated from the lower layer ore body through arranging a steel net frame and a water-stop plate, the waste rock is crushed by a waste rock crusher, the grading of a filling body is adjusted according to the strength requirement, the waste rock with different block sizes is sieved by a vibrating screen, the waste rock with the grain size smaller than 20mm is conveyed to the truck body of a waste rock mine car by a scraper, and the waste rock is sent into a collecting hopper as a filling raw material by a belt conveyor of the waste rock mine car; the rest waste stones are directly transported back to the stope; preparing filling slurry with the concentration of about 75% for mixing with the large waste stone to jointly construct a false roof; and after the stability and the safety of the false roof can be ensured, the steel net frame and the water stop plate are removed.
Step 5, specifically: the required water of stirring is extracted from the clean water tank by the suction pump and is transported to the stirrer through the water pipe, and an electric valve II and an electromagnetic flowmeter I are installed on the water pipe connected with the suction pump, wherein the electric valve II is close to one side of the horizontal stirrer, the concentration of filling slurry at a discharge port is monitored in real time through a gamma ray concentration meter II on the left side of the horizontal stirrer in the stirring process, and the water delivery rate is controlled by the flow rate detected by the electromagnetic flowmeter I and the electric valve II in real time until the concentration of the filling slurry reaches a set value and is maintained stable.
Step 6, when upward layered filling is adopted, the slurry conveying pipe adopts upward type filling, the lower part of one stope layered is filled first, then the slurry conveying pipe is extended, and the slurry conveying pipe is continuously filled from bottom to top until the whole layered is filled; when downward layered filling is adopted, filling slurry is sprayed in a spray irrigation mode until the whole layered filling is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the common dry filling, the method solves the problems of large porosity and low strength of the dry filling by using the cooperation of the tailing and the waste stone;
compared with most ground filling stations, the method effectively reduces head loss, improves filling efficiency, ensures filling roof-forming rate and simultaneously saves filling cost by moving the filling system underground;
compared with other underground movable filling methods, the method has the advantages that the underground short-flow filling stations are arranged, meanwhile, the material conveying line and the industrial water recycling line are reasonably planned, the conveying path of each material is effectively shortened, the filling and conveying cost is saved, and meanwhile, the green mine exploitation concept of orderly exploitation and efficient utilization is followed.
And fourthly, the system integrates the horizontal decanter centrifuge, the slurry pump, the water pump, the collecting hopper, the horizontal stirrer and the filling pump, and realizes continuous, integrated and movable filling system through the transportation of the mine car group, thereby effectively reducing the raw material loss and waste generation in the working and transportation processes.
And fifthly, the process enables underground filling to be realized by an integrated and continuous paste filling system, namely, the process can be started and stopped immediately after the process is started.
Drawings
FIG. 1-is a schematic diagram of a short-process tail waste synergistic paste filling process in a well;
FIG. 2-is a schematic diagram of a downhole water recycling line;
FIG. 3-is a steep Bao Kuangmai cross-sectional view;
FIG. 4-is a schematic diagram of a downhole up-horizontal layered packing system;
FIG. 5-is a schematic diagram of a downhole down-the-hole horizontal layered packing system;
in the figure: 1-ground trucks, 2-shaft cages, 201-main shaft cages, 202-auxiliary shaft cages, 3-cement mine cars, 301-screw conveyors, 302-carrying bodies, 303-front baffles, 304-dumping hoppers, 4-waste rock mine cars, 401-belt conveyors, 402-carrying bodies, 403-carriage floors, 5-centrifugal mine cars, 501-horizontal screw centrifuges, 502-slurry pumps, 503-water pumps, 504-layered separators, 6-stirring mine cars, 601-collecting hoppers, 602-horizontal mixers, 603-filling pumps, 604-slurry conveying pipes, 7-settling ponds, 8-clean water ponds, 901-slurry pipes, 902-water pipes, 10-waste rock crushers, 11-vibrating screens, 12-water suction pumps, 1301-electric valves I, 1302-electric valves II, 1303-electric valves III, 14-gamma ray concentration meters I, 1501-electromagnetic flow meters II, 16-ore veins, 18-main shafts, 19-ore-discharge shafts, 21-stage conveying tunnels, 22-stage conveying tunnels, 24-artificial roof-filling tunnels, 26-artificial roof-side-filling tunnels, artificial roof-side-filling tunnels.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the underground short-process tail waste collaborative paste filling system comprises a solid material transportation line, a movable short-process filling station and an industrial water recycling line.
The material conveying line comprises a cement conveying line, a waste stone conveying line and a tailing conveying line;
the cement transportation line comprises a ground truck for transporting cement raw materials, a shaft cage 2 arranged along the boundary of the vein 16, and a cement mine car for transporting cement raw materials downhole. The cement mine car truck body is detachably provided with a front baffle plate, the truck body is partitioned from the truck body 302 and the screw conveyer 301 through the front baffle plate 303, a feed inlet of the screw conveyer 301 is connected with the pouring hopper 304, when a cement mine car reaches a specified place, the front baffle plate 303 is automatically put down to pour cement into the pouring hopper 304, the cement enters the screw conveyer 301 through the pouring hopper 304, the screw conveyer 301 rotates through a screw, and cement materials are pushed to rise and are conveyed to the collecting hopper 601 to enter the horizontal mixer 602.
The screw conveyer 301 is provided with a speed sensor, the feeding is controlled by a speed regulating motor on the screw conveyer 301, the rotating speeds are different, and the amount of cement conveyed in unit time is also different.
The waste rock transportation line comprises a scraper and a waste rock mine car 4. The waste rock mine car 4 comprises a cargo car body 402, a carriage bottom plate 403 is arranged at the bottom of the cargo car body 402, and a belt conveyor 401 is arranged at the front end of the waste rock mine car 4. When the waste rock is transported to a designated place by the waste rock mining car 4, the floor 403 is opened, and the waste rock falls onto the belt conveyor 401 to be fed into the collection hopper 601.
The belt conveyor is provided with a speed sensor, the feeding is controlled by a speed regulating motor on the belt conveyor, the rotating speeds are different, and the amount of waste rocks conveyed in unit time is also different.
The tailings transportation line includes an underground concentrating mill, a previously laid delivery conduit, and a slurry pump 502. The underground concentrating plant designs the size of the plant equipment and the size of the required excavation chamber according to the planned ore exploitation amount.
The movable short-process filling station comprises a centrifugal mine car 5 and a stirring mine car 6;
the centrifugal mine car 5 comprises a layered partition plate 504, the layered partition plate 504 divides the centrifugal mine car 5 into an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is used for installing a horizontal decanter centrifuge 501 and is fixed on the upper layer through a steel structure and bolts, a slurry pump 502 is installed on the left side of the lower layer, a water pump 503 is installed on the right side of the lower layer, a solid discharge port of the horizontal decanter centrifuge 501 is connected with the slurry pump 502, a liquid discharge port is connected with the water pump 503, meanwhile, a discharge port of the slurry pump 502 is connected with a feed port of a horizontal mixer 602 through a slurry pipe 901, and a gamma-ray concentration meter I14 and an electric valve I1301 for monitoring concentration of tailing slurry are installed on the slurry pipe 901.
The stirring mine car 6 comprises two collecting hoppers 601, the two collecting hoppers 601 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side above the horizontal stirrer 602 and are respectively used for conveying cement and waste rocks, and the cement and the waste rocks fall into the horizontal stirrer through the collecting hoppers, so that dust emission and omission can be effectively prevented; the discharge end of the horizontal mixer 602 is connected with the feed inlet of the filling pump 603, and the filling pump 603 is connected with the slurry conveying pipe 604, so that the filling slurry can be directly conveyed to a steep thin ore stope. In this embodiment, the horizontal mixer 602 adopts a dual-shaft blade mixer to mix the filler slurry sufficiently, so as to realize activated mixing and improve the strength of the filler, considering that the filler slurry has complex components and high concentration. A gamma ray concentration meter II is arranged at the outlet of the horizontal mixer 602, and when the concentration of ore pulp is too high, a proper amount of clear water is extracted from a clear water tank through a water suction pump 12 to be concentrated; when the pulp concentration is lower, the tailings feed rate will increase.
The use of the filling pump 603 may be chosen in two different ways, pumping or gravity flow, depending on the actual application. When the mining site is high in production efficiency and quality or mining area level, and the concentration of the filling slurry or the filling slurry is too high, the filling pump 603 is selected to pump the filling slurry to the mining site; when the mine site is heavily productive, the panel level is lower than the mobile filling station and the flow resistance of the filling slurry is small, the filling pump 603 can be not used, and the filling slurry automatically flows to the mine site.
The industrial water recycling line comprises a sedimentation tank 7 for treating concentrated water and a clean water tank 8 for providing clean water; the sedimentation tank 7 is connected with the clean water tank 8 in a unidirectional way, suspended matters such as residual tailings and the like in the concentrated water are removed through sedimentation, and purified clean water flows into the clean water tank 8 through gravity; the sedimentation tank 7 is connected with the outlet end of the water pump 503 through a water pipe 902, an electric valve III 1303 and an electromagnetic flowmeter II 1502 are arranged on the water pipe 902 between the sedimentation tank 7 and the water pump 503, the clean water tank 8 is connected with the inlet of the horizontal mixer 602 through a water suction pump 12 and the water pipe 902, and an electromagnetic flowmeter I15 and an electric valve II 1302 are arranged on the water pipe 902 between the clean water tank 8 and the horizontal mixer 602.
Example 1
The short-process tail waste synergistic paste filling process under the metal mine adopts an upward horizontal layered filling method for stable steep thin ore vein, as shown in fig. 4, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing the ore vein 16 in layers, and dividing the ore vein 16 into a plurality of layers according to geological conditions and the requirements of a mining process, wherein the height difference between each two layers is controlled to be 2-3 meters. The vertical vein 16 runs from the two borders of the stope to strip, recede toward the center and up to fill in layers. In the stoping process, maintenance and filling are carried out while stoping, and the height of the top plate is controlled to be not more than 3m;
step 2, as shown in fig. 3, after ore is fallen, the ore is put down to a subsection roadway 21 through an ore pass 19 by a scraper or a scraper, then is transported to an underground ore dressing plant through a main ore pass 18 and a stage transportation roadway 22 by a mine car, the ore dressing plant conveys tailings with concentration of 20% -30% to a horizontal screw centrifuge 501 in a centrifugal mine car 5 through a pipeline laid in advance to prepare high-concentration tailings with concentration of 60% -70%, and the tailings pass through a layered partition 504 by gravity to flow into a slurry pump 502 at the lower layer and are pumped to a horizontal mixer 602 of a stirring mine car 6;
step 3, before filling, an artificial bottom post 26 needs to be constructed. The specific flow is as follows: crushing the broken waste stones by a waste stone crusher 10, screening the crushed waste stones into waste stones with different block sizes by a vibrating screen 11, conveying the waste stones with particle sizes smaller than 20mm to a waste stone mine car 4 by a scraper, and conveying the waste stone mine car 4 into a collecting hopper 601 by a belt conveyor 401 of the waste stone mine car 4 to serve as filling raw materials; the rest waste rocks are directly transported to a steep-dip thin ore stope, a controller controls an electric valve I1301, an electric valve II 1302, an electric valve III 1303, a gamma ray concentration meter I14, a gamma ray concentration meter II, an electromagnetic flowmeter I1501 and an electromagnetic flowmeter II 1502 to be opened, the concentration of the feedback slurry is monitored in real time through the gamma ray concentration meter II and fed back to the controller, and the controller controls the pumping speed of the water pump 12 according to the concentration value of the slurry; the flow rate of water is monitored by an electromagnetic flowmeter I1501 to adjust the slurry concentration, and filling slurry with the concentration of about 75% is prepared for mixing with the large waste rock to jointly construct the false bottom 26.
Step 4, conveying cement to a secondary well on the ground by a truck 1, lifting an empty cement mine car 3 to a ground cement-loaded truck body 302 by a secondary well cage 202, and isolating the truck body 302 and a screw conveyor 301 by a front baffle 303, wherein a feed inlet of the screw conveyor 301 is connected with a pouring hopper 304 for collecting the cement unloaded by the truck body 302; after loading, the cement mine car is transported back to the roadway through the main well cage 201 and is conveyed to an integrated device, the front baffle 303 is unloaded, and the cement mine car 3 is conveyed into the collecting hopper 601 through the screw conveyor 301;
in step 5, clean water generated by the centrifugation of the horizontal decanter centrifuge 501 passes through the layered partition plate 504 by gravity, flows into the lower water pump 503, is pumped to the sedimentation tank 7, and the treated industrial circulating water flows into the clean water tank 8 for the preparation, concentration adjustment, flushing and other works of the stirrer 602. The water required for stirring is extracted from a clean water tank by a water pump 12 and is transported to a horizontal stirrer 602 through a water pipe 902, the concentration of filling slurry at a discharge port is monitored in real time by a gamma ray concentration meter II in the stirring process, and the flow control water delivery rate is detected in real time by an electromagnetic flowmeter I1501 and an electric valve II 1302 until the concentration of the filling slurry reaches a set value and is maintained stable;
and 6, after the raw materials are stirred by the horizontal stirrer 602 and the slurry concentration reaches a set value, the raw materials are pumped to a steep thin ore stope by the filling pump 603. The slurry pipe 604 is filled up, the lower part of a stope layer is filled up, and then the slurry pipe 604 is extended to fill up until the whole layer is filled up, and the filling top rate is increased to improve the strength of the filling body 24.
Example 2
The short-process tail waste synergistic paste filling process under the metal mine adopts a downward horizontal layered filling method for stable steep thin ore vein, as shown in fig. 5, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing the ore vein 16 in layers, and dividing the ore vein 16 into a plurality of layers according to geological conditions and the requirements of a mining process, wherein the height difference between each two layers is controlled to be 2-3 meters. The vertical vein 16 runs from the two borders of the stope to strip, recede toward the center and fill in layers downwards. In the stoping process, the height of the top plate is controlled to be not more than 3m;
step 2, ore is fallen down to a subsection roadway 21 through an ore pass 19 by a scraper or a scraper, then is transported to an underground ore dressing plant through a main ore pass 18 and a stage transportation roadway 22 by a mine car, tailings with concentration of 20% -30% are transported to a horizontal screw centrifuge 501 in a centrifugal mine car 5 through a pipeline laid in advance by the ore dressing plant, high-concentration tailings with concentration of 60% -70% are produced, and the tailings flow into a slurry pump 502 at the lower layer through a layered partition 504 by gravity and are pumped to a horizontal stirrer 602 in a stirring mine car 6;
step 3, the dummy roof 27 needs to be constructed before filling, and the pre-support is needed before constructing the dummy roof 27, unlike the upward horizontal layered filling. The artificial roof 27 is separated from the lower ore body by arranging a steel net frame and a water-stop plate, the waste stones are crushed by a waste stone crusher 10 and are screened into waste stones with different block sizes by a vibrating screen 11, the waste stones with the particle sizes smaller than 20mm are conveyed to a waste stone mine car 4 by a scraper, and the waste stones are sent into a collecting hopper 601 to be used as filling raw materials by a belt conveyor 401 of the waste stone mine car 4; the rest waste rocks are directly transported to a stope, and a controller controls an electric valve I1301, an electric valve II 1302, an electric valve III 1303, a gamma ray concentration meter I14, a gamma ray concentration meter II, an electromagnetic flow meter I1501 and an electromagnetic flow meter II 1502 to be opened, so that filling slurry with the concentration of about 75% is prepared for being mixed with the large waste rocks to jointly construct the false roof 27. After the stability and safety of the false ceiling 27 can be ensured, the steel mesh frame and the water stop plate are removed.
Step 4, conveying cement to a secondary well on the ground by a truck 1, lifting an empty cement mine car 3 to the ground by a secondary well cage 202, loading the cement, conveying the cement back to a roadway by a main well cage 201 after loading, conveying the cement to an integrated device, and conveying the cement mine car 3 into a collecting hopper 601 by a screw conveyer 301 configured by the cement mine car 3;
step 5, clean water generated by the centrifugation of the horizontal decanter centrifuge 501 passes through the layered partition plate 504 by gravity and flows into the lower water pump 503 and is pumped to the sedimentation tank 7, and the treated industrial circulating water flows into the clean water tank 8 for the preparation, concentration adjustment, flushing and other works of the stirrer 602; the water required for stirring is pumped from a clean water tank by a water pump 12 and conveyed to a horizontal stirrer 602 through a water pipe 902, the concentration of the filling slurry at a discharge port is monitored in real time by a gamma ray concentration meter II in the stirring process, and the flow control water delivery rate is detected in real time by an electromagnetic flowmeter I1501 and an electric valve II 1302 until the concentration of the filling slurry reaches a set value and is maintained stable;
and 6, after the raw materials are stirred by the horizontal stirrer 602 and the slurry concentration reaches a set value, the raw materials are pumped to a steep thin ore stope by the filling pump 603. And spraying filling slurry from the upper part to the lower part of the stope in a spray irrigation mode until the whole layering is filled.
Claims (8)
1. The short-process tail waste synergistic paste filling process under the metal mine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, dividing the ore vein into a plurality of layers according to geological conditions and the requirements of a mining process; the vertical vein trend of the stope is divided into strips, and the strips are retreated to the center, and are filled up in a layered manner or are filled down in a layered manner;
step 2, ore is dumped down to a subsection tunnel through an ore pass by a scraper or a scraper, then is transported to an underground ore dressing plant through a main ore pass and a stage transportation tunnel by a mine car, tailings with concentration of 20% -30% are transported to a centrifugal mine car through a pipeline laid in advance by the ore dressing plant to prepare high-concentration tailings, the high-concentration tailings are pumped to a stirring mine car, clean water generated by the centrifugation of the stirring mine car is pumped into a sedimentation tank, and industrial circulating water after sedimentation treatment flows into the clean water tank;
step 3, when upward layered filling is adopted, constructing an artificial bottom column to replace an ore bottom column; when adopting downward layered filling, the artificial roof is constructed first and then the filling is carried out after each layered stoping is finished;
the artificial bottom column and artificial false roof construction adopts a mode of combining waste stone dry filling and cemented filling, after the broken and ground waste stones are crushed and crushed, the grading of filling bodies is adjusted according to the strength requirement, the waste stones are transported to a steep thin ore stope with larger block degree, and the waste stones are transported to a waste stone mine car by a scraper with smaller block degree to serve as filling raw materials;
after the broken and ground waste stones are crushed and ground, the grading of filling bodies is adjusted according to the strength requirement, the waste stones with larger block size are transported to a steep-slope thin ore stope, and the waste stones with smaller block size are transported to a waste stone mine car by a scraper as filling raw materials;
step 4, conveying cement to a secondary well on the ground by a truck, lifting an empty cement mine car to the ground by a secondary well cage, loading cement, conveying the cement back to a roadway by a main well cage after loading, conveying the cement to an integrated device, and feeding the stirred mine car;
step 5, pumping clear water to a horizontal mixer, mixing one part of the clear water with tailing sand to prepare filling slurry, and discharging the cleaning wastewater to a sedimentation tank, wherein the other part of the clear water is used for cleaning the horizontal mixer;
and step 6, stirring the raw materials by a horizontal stirrer, and pumping the raw materials to a steep Bao Kuangmai stope for filling after the slurry concentration reaches a set value.
2. The process for filling the metal mine underground short-process waste synergistic paste according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, the pulse height difference between each layer is controlled to be 2-3m.
3. The process for filling the metal mine underground short-process waste synergistic paste according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, when upward layered filling is adopted, in the stoping process, filling is maintained while stoping, and the height of the top plate is controlled to be not more than 3m; when adopting the downward layered filling, the height of the top plate is controlled to be not more than 3m in the stoping process.
4. The process for filling the metal mine underground short-process waste synergistic paste according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the step 2 is specifically as follows: the concentration of tailings which are 20% -30% of concentration of the concentration plant is conveyed to a horizontal decanter centrifuge in a centrifugal mine car through a pipeline laid in advance by the concentration plant, high-concentration tailings with 60% -70% of concentration are produced, the tailings flow into a slurry pump at the lower layer through a layering partition plate under the action of gravity, and the tailings are pumped to a horizontal stirrer for stirring the mine car through a slurry pipe; a gamma ray concentration meter I and an electric valve I are arranged on the slurry pipe, wherein the electric valve I is close to one side of the horizontal mixer; clear water generated by the centrifugation of a horizontal centrifuge on a stirring mine car passes through a layered partition plate through gravity to flow into a water pump below and is pumped to a sedimentation tank, and industrial circulating water after sedimentation treatment flows into the clear water tank and is used for slurry preparation and concentration adjustment of a horizontal stirrer or flushing of the horizontal stirrer.
5. The process for filling the metal mine underground short-process waste synergistic paste according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step 3, constructing an artificial bottom column, specifically: the specific flow is as follows: crushing the broken waste stones by a waste stone crusher, adjusting the grading of filling bodies according to the strength requirement, screening the crushed waste stones into waste stones with different block sizes by a vibrating screen, conveying the waste stones with particle sizes smaller than 20mm onto a truck body of a waste stone mine car by a scraper truck, opening a carriage bottom plate arranged at the bottom of the truck body during unloading, dropping the waste stones onto a belt conveyor arranged at the front end of the waste stone mine car, and conveying the waste stones into a collecting hopper by the belt conveyor of the waste stone mine car to serve as filling raw materials; the rest of the waste stones are directly transported to a steep Bao Kuangmai stope; the filling slurry with the concentration of about 75% is prepared and is mixed with the large waste rock to jointly construct the false bottom.
6. The process for filling the metal mine underground short-process waste synergistic paste according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 3, constructing an artificial false roof, specifically: the artificial false roof is separated from the lower layer ore body through arranging a steel net frame and a water-stop plate, the waste rock is crushed by a waste rock crusher, the grading of a filling body is adjusted according to the strength requirement, the waste rock with different block sizes is sieved by a vibrating screen, the waste rock with the grain size smaller than 20mm is conveyed to the truck body of a waste rock mine car by a scraper, and the waste rock is sent into a collecting hopper as a filling raw material by a belt conveyor of the waste rock mine car; the rest waste stones are directly transported back to the stope; preparing filling slurry with the concentration of about 75% for mixing with the large waste stone to jointly construct a false roof; and after the stability and the safety of the false roof can be ensured, the steel net frame and the water stop plate are removed.
7. The process for filling the metal mine underground short-process waste synergistic paste according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: step 5, specifically: the required water of stirring is extracted from the clean water tank by the suction pump and is transported to the stirrer through the water pipe, and an electric valve II and an electromagnetic flowmeter I are installed on the water pipe connected with the suction pump, wherein the electric valve II is close to one side of the horizontal stirrer, the concentration of filling slurry at a discharge port is monitored in real time through a gamma ray concentration meter II on the left side of the horizontal stirrer in the stirring process, and the water delivery rate is controlled by the flow rate detected by the electromagnetic flowmeter I and the electric valve II in real time until the concentration of the filling slurry reaches a set value and is maintained stable.
8. The process for filling the metal mine underground short-process waste synergistic paste according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: step 6, when upward layered filling is adopted, the slurry conveying pipe adopts upward type filling, the lower part of one stope layered is filled first, then the slurry conveying pipe is extended, and the slurry conveying pipe is continuously filled from bottom to top until the whole layered is filled; when downward layered filling is adopted, filling slurry is sprayed in a spray irrigation mode until the whole layered filling is completed.
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