CN112814732A - Preparation of mixed ground paste of barren rock and tailings and pump sending filling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for preparing, pumping and filling mixed slurry of waste rocks and tailings, which comprises a slurry preparation system, a waste rock crushing system, a stirring system and a pumping and filling system, wherein the slurry preparation system is arranged on the ground surface, the waste rock crushing system, the stirring system and the pumping and filling system are arranged underground, the slurry preparation system is in butt joint with a feeding end of the stirring system through a self-sliding filling pipeline, a discharging end of the waste rock crushing system is in butt joint with a feeding end of the stirring system, the pumping and filling system is in butt joint with a mixture outlet of the stirring system, the slurry preparation system is used for preparing full-tailing cemented slurry, and the waste rock crushing system is used for crushing underground waste rocks. The device can fully utilize the underground barren rock to carry out cemented filling, can make the barren rock not go out the hole, reduces the barren rock transportation cost of promotion by a wide margin, improves the barren rock comprehensive utilization ratio to combine existing full tailings cemented filling system, realize the mixed high concentration ground paste pump sending of tailings ground paste + barren rock and fill.

Description

Preparation of mixed ground paste of barren rock and tailings and pump sending filling device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground mine filling mining, in particular to a device for preparing waste rock and tailing mixed slurry and pumping filling.

Background

The filling mining method has the advantages of improving the resource recovery rate, saving energy, reducing emission, protecting the environment, and being safe and reliable. From the perspective of environmental protection and mining safety, the cut-and-fill mining method represents one of the development trends of mining techniques in mines at home and abroad. The underground mine filling mining technology and process are transited from dry filling to hydraulic filling, from low-concentration graded tailing cemented filling to full-tailing high-concentration cemented filling, paste-like body, waste rock-full-tailing high-concentration pipe conveying filling technology and the like. Especially, a great deal of research and industrial application are carried out in the aspect of filling by using the full tailings, and the utilization rate of part of mine tailings reaches a higher level. Throughout the current mine underground filling technology, tailings and waste rocks are still the main sources of mine filling aggregates. Taking a mine mined by a layered filling method as an example, the process and the technology for performing cemented filling by using tailings are relatively mature, but the filling process technology aiming at mine waste rock and full tailings is still used at present, so that most mines cannot be filled by effectively using the waste rock and the full tailings.

In fact, the process of filling the goaf with the waste rocks can be traced back to the 50 th century, and the waste rocks are directly used as filling bodies to be filled while mining on a working platform in the early period, or the waste rocks are directly put into the goaf. Then, in order to improve the strength of the waste rock filling body so as to conveniently recover adjacent ore bodies, and to add cement slurry (or cement mortar) into the waste rock filling material, the waste rock cemented filling technology is invented. The technology is widely applied to underground mines at home and abroad, but is mainly used for filling a goaf once after stoping of a stope is finished. The most important advantages of the waste rock cemented filling are that the cement consumption is saved, the filling body strength is relatively high, the water content of the filling material is small, the shrinkage deformation after the dry setting is small, the high-strength filling body is often used for forming an artificial ore pillar, and better safety guarantee is provided for the next mining room.

From the angle of the process, the waste rock cemented filling mostly adopts the mode of shunting and conveying the waste rock and slurry and automatically spraying the waste rock through the slurry underground. The self-spraying mixing mode does not need a huge mechanical stirring system, so the preparation capacity is high. The waste stone materials are conveyed by machines such as dead weight conveying or mining trucks, the defects that the requirement of a pipeline conveying coarse aggregate process on aggregate gradation is high and pipes are easy to block are overcome, but a tailing self-sliding pipeline filling system used in the traditional filling process technology is complex in pipeline laying, low in pipeline utilization rate, large in labor capacity and high in cost. And due to the limitation of transportation vehicles, the size of the lump stone is generally required to be within 300mm when the lump stone is transported by a belt. Meanwhile, the block stones within minus 25mm are strictly controlled, and researches show that too many fine particles can prevent slurry from well penetrating into gaps of the block stones, so that depletion of boundary mortar is caused, good wrapping of aggregate of the block stones cannot be realized, and the strength of a tailing filling body of the block stones is poor and uneven in distribution. Meanwhile, the block stone and the mortar can form the cemented filling body with the best effect only by uniformly mixing under an ideal state. Ideally, the strength of the waste rock cemented filling body can finally reach 2-4MPa or even higher.

Along with the development of filling industrial technology and equipment in recent years, the plunger pump capable of conveying high concentration realizes localization, and the equipment investment is greatly reduced. Therefore, in mines where the self-flow conveyance cannot be achieved because of a small filling level difference and a long conveyance distance, in mines where high-concentration filling is required and in mines where an improvement in the roof contact filling rate is required, paste or paste-like pumping filling is attracting attention. The pumping conveying filling is a filling mode developed on the basis of the rheological property of a high-concentration solid-liquid mixture and the special flowing state of the high-concentration solid-liquid mixture in a pipeline and on the basis of pumping concrete. The high-density high-quality filling body can be obtained by pumping and filling the paste, dehydration is not needed underground, and the filling is not limited by a doubling line due to the adoption of pressurized conveying. However, the success of pump filling depends on the rheological properties of the prepared filler and its stability when the pipe is flowing and at rest. Particularly, when the waste rock and tailing mixed slurry is used for pumping filling, the pumping performance of the mixed filling is lower than that of concrete because the grading of the mixed filling is not as strict as that of concrete aggregate. The research and the solution of the simple, reliable and practical high-concentration filling material conveying technology and how to prevent and treat the problems of pipe blockage and long-distance pumping part abrasion which are possibly generated in the operation are one of the development directions of the filling pipeline conveying technology and the process.

Meanwhile, in most mines mined by the filling method, if only the waste rock and tailing mixed slurry is used for pumping filling, the existing filling system is generally difficult to replace for large-scale stope filling due to the limited pumping capacity and waste rock supply. In some domestic mines, for example, Hebeiyu aurin mine, an automatic continuous pumping and filling complete set of technical equipment suitable for underground environment is designed, and a residual mine resource exploitation test is carried out, but as cementing material cement adopts underground feeding, the problems of low transportation efficiency, mismatching with the filling capacity of an underground filling system, low equipment utilization rate, difficult dust control and the like are caused. The pumping filling equipment, particularly the movable pumping filling equipment has the main advantages of small volume, flexible movement, quick filling, simple pipeline laying, short line, small pipeline resistance, low energy consumption and the like, and has obvious advantages in mining, causing the small ore vein of broken surrounding rock and branch composite and the dispersed ore body, and artificial ore pillar, bottom construction and casting surface filling. Therefore, mobile pumping can be used as a beneficial complement in the filling process of mines with built-in filling systems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a device for preparing, pumping and filling waste rock and tailings mixed slurry, which can fully utilize underground waste rock to carry out cemented filling, can prevent the waste rock from going out of a pit, greatly reduce the waste rock transportation and improve the waste rock comprehensive utilization rate, is combined with the existing full-tailings cemented filling system to realize the pumping and filling of the mixed high-concentration slurry of the tailings slurry and the waste rock (after being crushed), and has the characteristics of higher filling efficiency, no bleeding, high strength and low cost.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a preparation and pumping filling device for waste stone and tailing mixed slurry comprises a slurry preparation system, a waste stone crushing system, a stirring system and a pumping filling system;

the slurry preparation system is arranged on the ground surface, the waste rock crushing system, the stirring system and the pumping filling system are arranged underground, the slurry preparation system is in butt joint with the feeding end of the stirring system through a self-sliding filling pipeline, the discharging end of the waste rock crushing system is in butt joint with the feeding end of the stirring system, and the pumping filling system is in butt joint with the mixture outlet of the stirring system;

the slurry preparation system is used for preparing full-tailing cemented slurry, and the waste rock crushing system is used for crushing underground waste rocks.

Specifically, the slurry preparation system comprises a tailing sand pond, a slurry pump, a deep cone thickener, a horizontal sand pond with a slurry making pipe and a slurry making nozzle, a stirring mechanism and a cement bin;

the tail sand pool, the slurry pump, the deep cone thickener, the horizontal sand pool and the stirring mechanism are sequentially connected through pipelines, the cement bin is in butt joint with the feeding end of the stirring mechanism through the cement feeding mechanism, and the discharging end of the stirring mechanism is in butt joint with the self-sliding filling pipeline.

Specifically, the cement feeding mechanism comprises an electro-hydraulic gate, a double-pipe screw feeder and a first screw electronic scale which are connected in sequence.

Specifically, the stirring mechanism comprises a double-shaft stirrer, a high-speed activation stirrer and a filling hopper which are connected in sequence, the first spiral electronic scale and the horizontal sand pool are in butt joint with the double-shaft stirrer, and the filling hopper is in butt joint with the self-sliding filling pipeline.

Specifically, the filling hopper is arranged in a small filling well, and the self-sliding filling pipeline is arranged in a filling pipeline well.

Specifically, the horizontal sand pool through put the sand pipe with rabbling mechanism butt joint, it is equipped with the tailings feeder hopper to put the sand pipe on, be connected with on the tailings feeder hopper and transfer the dense water route.

Specifically, an overflow port of the deep cone thickener is connected with the water return tank through a pipeline.

Specifically, the waste rock crushing system comprises a waste rock storage bin, a first vibrating feeder, a No. 1 belt, a jaw crusher, a No. 2 belt, a vibrating screen, a No. 5 belt, a waste rock fine bin, a second vibrating feeder and a No. 6 belt which are connected in sequence;

no. 6 belt and mixing system's discharge end butt joint, the coarse fodder export of shale shaker is connected to the combined crusher through No. 3 belts, the discharge gate of combined crusher is connected to through No. 4 belts No. 2 belts.

Specifically, mixing system includes the continuous mixer, No. 6 belts with the feed inlet butt joint of continuous mixer, fill the pipeline from the swift current pass through the screw conveyor batcher with the feed inlet butt joint of continuous mixer, still be equipped with the water tank on the feed inlet.

Specifically, the pumping filling system comprises an industrial filling pump and a pumping pipeline, and the pumping pipeline is in butt joint with a discharge hole of the continuous stirring machine through the industrial filling pump.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that through mixing of underground waste rock crushing and slurry prepared by an original filling system, multistage matching of aggregate is achieved, and cement does not need to be added underground; the filling is carried out in a pumping mode, the concentration and the strength of the filling can reach higher levels (paste and paste-like bodies), the mixed filling strength is ensured to meet the stability requirement of surrounding rocks and ore bodies, meanwhile, underground waste rocks are utilized to the maximum degree, and the surface discharge and the stockpiling of the waste rocks are avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing, pumping and filling waste rock and tailings mixed slurry provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a waste rock breaking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a waste rock crushing process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a tailings cementitious slurry according to an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein: 1. a tailings pond; 2. tailing; 3. a slurry pump; 4. a ceramic steel pipe; 5. a deep cone thickener; 6. a pool; 7. a delivery conduit; 8. a horizontal sand pool; 9. a slurry making pipe; 10. a compressed air slurry making nozzle; 11. mortar; 12. an electrically actuated pinch valve; 13. a sand discharge pipe; 14. a tailing feed hopper; 15. a concentration adjusting waterway; 16. a cement bin; 17. cement; 18. an electro-hydraulic gate; 19. a double-tube screw feeder; 20. a first screw electronic scale; 21. a double-shaft mixer; 22. activating the stirrer at a high speed; 23. a filling hopper; 24. filling a small well; 25. filling a pipe well; 26. self-sliding filling pipelines; 27. waste rock; 28. a waste rock storage bin; 29. a first vibratory feeder; 30. no. 1 belt; 31. a jaw crusher; 32. no. 2 belt; 33. vibrating screen; 34. no. 3 belt; 35. a compound crusher; 36. no. 4 belt; 37. no. 5 belt; 38. a fine waste rock bin; 39. fine waste rock; 40. a second vibratory feeder; 41. no. 6 belt; 42. a control valve; 43. a screw conveyor feeder; 44. a second screw electronic scale; 45. a water tank; 46. a continuous mixer; 47. an industrial filling pump; 48. a pumping conduit.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1, a mixed slurry preparation of barren rock and tailings and pump sending filling device, including the ground paste preparation system, the broken system of barren rock, mixing system and pump sending filling system, the ground paste preparation system sets up in the earth's surface, the ground paste preparation system is used for preparing the cemented slurry of full tailings, the broken system of barren rock, mixing system and pump sending filling system all set up in the pit, the broken system of barren rock is used for carrying out the breakage to the barren rock in the pit, ground paste preparation system docks through the feed end of swift current filling pipeline 26 with mixing system, the discharge end of the broken system of barren rock docks with the feed end of mixing system, pump sending filling system docks with the mixture export of mixing system.

In this embodiment, the full tailings cemented slurry prepared by the slurry preparation system is conveyed to the stirring system through the gravity filling pipeline 26 under the action of the dead weight, the waste rock aggregate crushed by the waste rock crushing system also enters the stirring system, and after the waste rock aggregate and the waste rock aggregate are uniformly mixed by the stirring system, the aggregate is pumped to the stope and other areas through the pumping filling system for filling, so that multistage matching of the aggregate is realized, cement does not need to be added underground, the aggregate is filled in a pumping mode, the concentration and the strength of the aggregate can reach higher levels (paste and paste-like bodies), the underground waste rock is utilized to the maximum degree while the mixed filling strength is ensured to meet the requirements of stability of surrounding rocks and ore bodies, and surface discharge and stockpiling of the waste rock are avoided.

Referring to fig. 1, specifically, the slurry preparation system comprises a tailing pond 1, a slurry pump 3, a deep cone thickener 5, a horizontal sand pond 8 with a slurry making pipe 9 and a compressed air slurry making nozzle 10, a stirring mechanism and a cement bin 16, wherein the tailing pond 1, the slurry pump 3, the deep cone thickener 5, the horizontal sand pond 8 and the stirring mechanism are sequentially connected through a pipeline, the cement bin 16 is butted with the feeding end of the stirring mechanism through a cement feeding mechanism, the discharging end of the stirring mechanism is butted with a self-sliding filling pipeline 26, the cement feeding mechanism comprises an electro-hydraulic gate 18, a double-pipe screw feeder 19 and a first screw electronic scale 20 which are sequentially connected, the stirring mechanism comprises a double-shaft stirrer 21, a high-speed activation stirrer 22 and a filling hopper 23 which are sequentially connected, the first screw electronic scale 20 and the horizontal sand pond 8 are both butted with the double-shaft stirrer 21, the filling hopper 23 is butted with the self-sliding filling pipeline 26, the filling hopper 23 is arranged in a filling small well 24, the gravity filling pipeline 26 is arranged in the filling pipeline well 25, the horizontal sand pool 8 is in butt joint with the stirring mechanism through the sand discharge pipe 13, the tailing feed hopper 14 is arranged on the sand discharge pipe 13, the tailing feed hopper 14 is connected with the concentration regulating water path 15, and the overflow port of the deep cone thickener 5 is connected with the water return pool 6 through a pipeline.

In the embodiment, the tailings 2 in the surface tailing pond 1 are pressurized by a slurry pump 3 and conveyed to a deep cone thickener 5 of the filling station through a ceramic steel pipe 4, and the underflow of the deep cone thickener 5 after the organic flocculant is added flows to a horizontal sand pond 8 of the filling station through a conveying pipeline 7 for storage. The overflow solid content of the thickener is less than 500ppm, and the overflow solid content is recycled after further clarification through the pipeline gravity flow water return pool 6. The bottom of the horizontal sand pool 8 is provided with a plurality of rows of slurry making pipes 9, 1 air compressing slurry making nozzle 10 is arranged on each row of air compressing slurry making pipes 9 at intervals of about 1m, the valve of the air compressing slurry making pipe 9 in the horizontal sand pool 8 is used for compressing air, and the air compressing slurry making nozzles 10 are used for compressing the tailing sand in the pool to make mortar. After the whole tailings in the pool are made into slurry uniformly, opening an electric pinch valve 12 at the bottom of the pool and discharging the sand through a sand discharge pipe 13, wherein the sand discharge flow is detected by an electromagnetic flowmeter, the electric pinch valve 12 is used for adjusting, the high-concentration full tailings are discharged to a tailings feed hopper 14, and the concentration is adjusted by a concentration adjusting water path 15 and is detected by a gamma-ray concentration meter.

The cement in the cement bin 16 is supplied to the mixer through the electro-hydraulic gate 18 at the bottom, the double-pipe screw feeder 19 and the first screw electronic scale 20, the cement feeding amount is measured by the first screw electronic scale 20, and the cement feeding amount can be adjusted by changing the rotating speed of the double-pipe screw feeder 19 so as to meet the filling slurry proportioning requirement. The high-concentration full-tail mortar 11 and the cement 17 are continuously supplied to the stirrer through respective feeding lines, and are continuously stirred by two sections including a double-shaft stirrer 21 and a high-speed activation stirrer 22 in sequence, so that filling slurry in a structural flow state is prepared, and is discharged into a filling hopper 23 on a filling small well 24 through a discharging pipe, and then is self-flowed and conveyed to the underground through a self-flowing filling pipe 26 in a filling pipe well 25.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some possible embodiments, the waste rock crushing system includes a waste rock storage bin 28, a first vibrating feeder 29, a belt 1 30, a jaw crusher 31, a belt 2 32, a vibrating screen 33, a belt 5, a waste rock fine bin 38, a second vibrating feeder 40, and a belt 6, which are connected in sequence, the belt 6 is butted against the discharge end of the stirring system, the coarse material outlet of the vibrating screen 33 is connected to a composite crusher 35 through the belt 3 34, and the discharge outlet of the composite crusher 35 is connected to the belt 2 through the belt 4 36.

In the embodiment, the waste rocks 27 generated by underground mining are conveyed to a waste rock storage bin 28 (coarse material) for waste rock storage and buffering, the waste rocks 27 in the waste rock storage bin 28 are lowered to a No. 1 belt 30 through a first vibrating feeder 29, a jaw crusher 31 is positioned below the No. 1 belt 30 and receives materials from the No. 1 belt, and crushed gravels are discharged to a No. 2 belt 32; the vibrating screen 33 is positioned below the No. 2 belt 32, receives the material from the No. 2 belt 32, discharges the crushed stone on the No. 3 belt 34, and conveys the crushed stone to the compound crusher 35 for continuous crushing; undersize stones are discharged onto a No. 5 belt 37 and transported to a fine material bin. The compound crusher 35 is positioned below the No. 3 belt 34 and receives the incoming material from the No. 3 belt 34, crushed broken stones are transferred to the No. 2 belt 32 through the No. 4 belt 36 and are sieved and transferred through the vibrating screen 33 again, two-stage closed circulation of a crushing system is formed, and the particle size of the crushed waste stones is not larger than 20 mm.

Referring to fig. 1, in some possible embodiments, the mixing system includes a continuous mixer 46, a number 6 belt 41 is connected with the inlet of the continuous mixer 46, a self-sliding filling pipe 26 is connected with the inlet of the continuous mixer 46 through a screw conveyor feeder 43, a water tank 45 is arranged on the inlet, the pumping filling system includes an industrial filling pump 47 and a pumping pipe 48, and the pumping pipe 48 is connected with the outlet of the continuous mixer 46 through the industrial filling pump 47.

In this embodiment, the fine waste rock 39 in the fine waste rock bin 38 is conveyed to a continuous mixer 46 through a second vibrating feeder 40 and a No. 6 belt 41, the filling slurry prepared on the ground surface is conveyed to a screw conveyor feeder 43 through a control valve 42 at the bottom of the gravity filling pipeline 26, and is conveyed to the continuous mixer 46 through a second screw electronic scale 44 according to the concentration ratio, and simultaneously, water is added for adjustment by a water tank 45 according to the concentration, the tailing cement slurry and the waste rock are uniformly mixed in the continuous mixer 46, and then are put into an industrial filling pump 47 below, and then the tailing cemented filling slurry is pumped to areas such as a stope through a pumping pipeline 48 for filling. The continuous mixer 46 may be a concrete mixer or the like.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the filling device of the embodiment is used for preparing the waste rock and tailing mixed slurry and pumping filling, and for the area to be filled in the category, according to engineering geological conditions and a mining method, combining stope structure parameters, conditions such as bottom structure arrangement form, rock drilling and ore removal equipment and the like, and by means of a numerical simulation or field test method, comprehensively determining the unconfined uniaxial compressive strength required by a filling body; according to the required uniaxial compressive strength, the optimal proportion of the mixed filling material is obtained through an indoor filling material strength proportion experiment, and a basis is provided for preparation of tailing slurry, measurement of waste rock amount, slurry stirring and concentration control. The proportioning scheme can be designed by adopting methods such as orthogonal experiments and the like, and 4-5 groups of slurry concentrations are selected.

According to the current mine production situation and the roadway arrangement situation, the underground waste rock crushing system and the stirring pumping filling system select a place which meets reasonable pumping service horizontal distance and elevation, is convenient for waste rock transportation and has good and appropriate ventilation conditions of a crushing place to construct. The waste rock storage bin 28 (coarse material) is mainly used for storing and buffering waste rocks, the volume of the waste rock storage bin is designed according to the underground waste rock mixed filling demand and the capacity of a crushing system, and the waste rock storage bin can be built by utilizing original mine engineering such as a patio and the like. After the storage bin waste rocks are initially crushed through the jaw crusher 31, the waste rocks meeting the particle size requirement are directly transported to a waste rock fine material bin 38 for storage, the waste rocks with the particle size larger than the required particle size after screening are transported to a compound crusher 35 for continuous crushing, and the crushed gravels are screened and transported through the vibrating screen 33 again to form two-stage closed circulation of a crushing system.

Tail sand in a sand pool of the earth surface filling station is pressurized and conveyed to a high-efficiency deep cone thickener 5 through a slurry pump 3, the bottom flow of the high-efficiency deep cone thickener 5 automatically flows into a horizontal sand pool 8 of the filling station through a conveying pipe for storage and air compression pulping, and high-concentration full-tail mortar is supplied to a stirrer after the whole pulping is uniform; the cement in the cement bin 16 is metered by a feeder and a screw electronic scale, then conveyed to a stirrer to be mixed and stirred with mortar, after preliminary stirring, the cement enters a high-speed activation stirrer 22 to be stirred at high speed, the prepared filling slurry is put into a filling hopper 23, and then the filling slurry is conveyed to the underground through a filling pipeline in a self-flowing manner.

The crushed fine waste stone materials are conveyed to a stirrer through a belt, the filling slurry prepared on the ground surface is conveyed to the stirrer through a bottom control valve 42 according to the concentration proportion, and meanwhile, water is added for adjustment according to the concentration requirement. An industrial filling pump 47 is located below the mixer, receives the mixed material mixed by the mixer, and pumps the mixed material to a stope or the like for filling. The filling work operation flow comprises the following steps: inspection preparation → pipeline water filling (lubrication pipeline) → mortar water pushing (discharging water in the pipeline, further lubrication pipeline) → mixed slurry mortar pushing → filling work → mortar pushing mixed slurry (after completion of filling action) → water pushing mortar (pipeline cleaning) → finish.

According to the invention, an underground waste rock crushing system is constructed, and the underground waste rock crushing system and an existing full-tailings cementing filling system of a mine provide filling slurry for stirring and mixing, and finally, a fixed or movable pumping filling comprehensive process system is realized, and the strength of the high-concentration mixed filling slurry of waste rock and tailings slurry meets the requirement of a special filling object, so that the original common concrete filling is replaced, the safe and efficient mining of the mine is realized, the transportation and promotion cost of mine waste material discharged to the ground surface is greatly reduced, and the environmental negative effect generated by waste rock stacking is avoided.

The specific process comprises the following steps:

a. determining the strength required by a special area, such as an artificial bottom pillar, a top pillar or a pillar, or a layered filling body casting surface of a stope for the walking of a scraper: according to geological conditions and mining methods of mine engineering, stope structure parameters, arrangement forms of bottom structures, rock drilling equipment, ore removal equipment and other conditions are combined, and uniaxial compressive strength required by the filling body is comprehensively determined by means of a numerical simulation or field test method, wherein 6MPa is adopted in the case.

b. The mixing and filling material ratio of the waste stone and the tailings is as follows: the aggregate of the mixed filling material is crushed waste stone and tailings, the particle size of the waste stone is generally not more than 20mm, the tailings are full tailings, the cementing material is ordinary portland cement, and the other materials are water. By designing a multi-factor proportioning experimental scheme of 4 materials, an indoor test is carried out, and the flow characteristic, the bleeding rate and the unconfined compressive strength of a filling body are used as performance indexes of the filling body, wherein the compressive strength is measured for 3 days, 7 days, 14 days and 28 days, and the compressive strength of 7 days reaches 80% of the required strength as a standard. The optimal proportion of the mixed filling material is obtained through experiments.

Specifically, in this embodiment, an orthogonal test method is adopted, and the concentrations of the factor a mixed slurry are selected to be 75%, 77%, 79%, 81%, and 83%, respectively; factor B ash-sand ratio is 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1: 7; factor C waste rock to tailings ratio is 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8: 2; the pumping agent D is selected from 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%. The method adopts an orthogonal test with 4-factor 7 level, and utilizes the flowing characteristic, the bleeding rate and the compressive strength of the filling body slurry as the performance indexes of the mixed slurry, wherein the compressive strength is measured for 3 days, 7 days, 14 days and 28 days, and the optimal material proportion is obtained through the indoor test.

c. Transferring, storing and crushing waste rocks: the waste rock that produces is excavated in the pit is transported to storage silo (coarse fodder) and is stored and the buffering, avoids influencing crushing equipment operation because of the waste rock transportation can't follow up, perhaps produces the influence because of crushing equipment trouble to waste rock transportation, and storage silo volume is designed according to waste rock mixed filling demand and broken system ability in the pit.

Establishing a waste stone crushing system, putting waste stones in a storage bin down to a No. 1 belt 30 through a chute, receiving materials from the No. 1 belt 30 by using a jaw crusher 31, and discharging crushed gravels onto a No. 2 belt 32; the vibrating screen 33 is positioned below the No. 2 belt 32, receives the material from the No. 2 belt 32, discharges the crushed stone on the No. 3 belt 34, and conveys the crushed stone to the compound crusher 35 for continuous crushing; undersize stones are discharged onto a No. 5 belt 37 and transported to a fine material bin. The compound crusher 35 is positioned below the No. 3 belt 34 and receives the material from the No. 3 belt 34, crushed gravel is transferred to the No. 2 belt 32 through the No. 4 belt 36, and the crushed gravel and the vibrating screen 33 form a closed cycle of a crushing system.

d. Preparing and conveying tailing slurry: the tailings in the surface tailing pond 1 are pressurized and conveyed to a high-efficiency deep cone thickener 5 of a filling station through a slurry pump 3, and the underflow of the high-efficiency deep cone thickener 5 automatically flows to a horizontal sand pond 8 of the filling station through a conveying pipe to be stored; a valve of a medium-pressure gas slurry making pipe 9 of the horizontal sand pool 8 is used for gas pressing, tail sand in the pool is used for gas pressing slurry making through a nozzle, after the whole tail sand in the pool is made to be uniform, an electric pinch valve 12 at the bottom of the pool is opened to supply high-concentration full tail mortar to a stirrer; the cement in the cement bin 16 is metered by the feeder and the electronic screw balance, then conveyed to the stirrer to be mixed and stirred with mortar, and after preliminary stirring, enters the high-speed activation stirrer 22 to be stirred at high speed, so that filling slurry in a structural flow state is prepared, is discharged to a filling hopper 23 on a filling small well 24 through a discharging pipe, and then is conveyed underground through a filling pipeline in a self-flowing manner.

e. Stirring, pumping and filling the terminal waste stone and tailing mixed filling slurry: the crushed fine waste stone materials are conveyed to a stirrer through a No. 6 belt 41, the filling slurry prepared on the ground surface is conveyed to the stirrer according to the concentration proportion through a bottom control valve 42, and meanwhile, water is added for adjustment according to the concentration requirement. An industrial filling pump 47 is located below the mixer, receives the mixed material mixed by the mixer, and pumps the mixed material to a stope or the like for filling.

The invention is suitable for goaf filling, high-strength artificial top-bottom column and intermediate column construction, filling top connection, stope casting surface mining by a layered filling method and filling in other areas with higher requirement on the strength of filling bodies when mining surrounding rock fragmentation, branch composite small ore vein and dispersed ore bodies, can be used as beneficial supplement under the condition that the original filling system of a mine cannot meet the filling requirement, such as overlarge filling reserve line and difficulty in self-flow conveying, and has more flexible, simple and efficient filling mode when pumping and filling are carried out by adopting a movable industrial pump, thereby effectively reducing the labor intensity of workers and the production cost, and having very wide application range.

Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).

The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a waste rock and mixed ground paste of tailings preparation and pump sending filling device which characterized in that: the system comprises a slurry preparation system, a waste rock crushing system, a stirring system and a pumping filling system;

the slurry preparation system is arranged on the earth surface, the waste rock crushing system, the stirring system and the pumping filling system are arranged underground, the slurry preparation system is in butt joint with the feeding end of the stirring system through a self-sliding filling pipeline (26), the discharging end of the waste rock crushing system is in butt joint with the feeding end of the stirring system, and the pumping filling system is in butt joint with the mixture outlet of the stirring system;

the slurry preparation system is used for preparing full-tailing cemented slurry, and the waste rock crushing system is used for crushing underground waste rock (27).

2. The apparatus for preparing, pumping and filling the mixed slurry of waste rocks and tailings according to claim 1, wherein: the slurry preparation system comprises a tail sand pool (1), a slurry pump (3), a deep cone thickener (5), a horizontal sand pool (8) with a slurry making pipe (9) and a compressed gas slurry making nozzle (10), a stirring mechanism and a cement bin (16);

the tail sand pool (1), the slurry pump (3), the deep cone thickener (5), the horizontal sand pool (8) and the stirring mechanism are sequentially connected through pipelines, the cement bin (16) is in butt joint with the feeding end of the stirring mechanism through a cement feeding mechanism, and the discharging end of the stirring mechanism is in butt joint with the self-sliding filling pipeline (26).

3. The apparatus for preparing, pumping and filling the mixed slurry of waste rocks and tailings according to claim 2, wherein: the cement feeding mechanism comprises an electro-hydraulic gate (18), a double-pipe screw feeder (19) and a first screw electronic scale (20) which are connected in sequence.

4. The apparatus for preparing, pumping and filling the mixed slurry of waste rocks and tailings according to claim 3, wherein: the stirring mechanism comprises a double-shaft stirrer (21), a high-speed activation stirrer (22) and a filling hopper (23) which are connected in sequence, the first spiral electronic scale (20) and the horizontal sand pool (8) are in butt joint with the double-shaft stirrer (21), and the filling hopper (23) is in butt joint with the gravity filling pipeline (26).

5. The apparatus for preparing, pumping and filling the mixed slurry of waste rocks and tailings according to claim 4, wherein: the filling hopper (23) is arranged in a small filling well (24), and the self-sliding filling pipeline (26) is arranged in a filling pipeline well (25).

6. The apparatus for preparing, pumping and filling the mixed slurry of waste rocks and tailings according to claim 2, wherein: horizontal sand pit (8) through put sand pipe (13) with rabbling mechanism butt joint, be equipped with tailings feeder hopper (14) on putting sand pipe (13), be connected with on tailings feeder hopper (14) and transfer dense water route (15).

7. The apparatus for preparing, pumping and filling the mixed slurry of waste rocks and tailings according to claim 2, wherein: and an overflow port of the deep cone thickener (5) is connected with the water return pool (6) through a pipeline.

8. The apparatus for preparing and pumping filling slurry of waste stone and tailings according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the waste rock crushing system comprises a waste rock storage bin (28), a first vibrating feeder (29), a No. 1 belt (30), a jaw crusher (31), a No. 2 belt (32), a vibrating screen (33), a No. 5 belt (37), a waste rock fine material bin (38), a second vibrating feeder (40) and a No. 6 belt (41) which are connected in sequence;

no. 6 belt (41) and mixing system's discharge end butt joint, the coarse fodder export of shale shaker (33) is connected to combined crusher (35) through No. 3 belt (34), the discharge gate of combined crusher (35) is connected to through No. 4 belt (36) No. 2 belt (32).

9. The apparatus for preparing, pumping and filling the mixed slurry of waste rocks and tailings according to claim 8, wherein: the stirring system comprises a continuous stirrer (46), the No. 6 belt (41) is in butt joint with a feed inlet of the continuous stirrer (46), the self-sliding filling pipeline (26) is in butt joint with the feed inlet of the continuous stirrer (46) through a spiral conveying feeder (43), and a water tank (45) is further arranged on the feed inlet.

10. The apparatus for preparing, pumping and filling the mixed slurry of waste rocks and tailings according to claim 9, wherein: the pumping and filling system comprises an industrial filling pump (47) and a pumping pipeline (48), wherein the pumping pipeline (48) is butted with the discharge hole of the continuous stirring machine (46) through the industrial filling pump (47).

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