CN116717724B - Anti-disturbance oil transportation method for sea surface floating hose - Google Patents
Anti-disturbance oil transportation method for sea surface floating hose Download PDFInfo
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- CN116717724B CN116717724B CN202310616766.1A CN202310616766A CN116717724B CN 116717724 B CN116717724 B CN 116717724B CN 202310616766 A CN202310616766 A CN 202310616766A CN 116717724 B CN116717724 B CN 116717724B
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- floating hose
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/20—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights
- F16L1/24—Floats; Weights
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
- F16L11/133—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting buoyant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L57/00—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
- F16L57/06—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear against wear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/10—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics
- F16L58/1054—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/20—Arrangements or systems of devices for influencing or altering dynamic characteristics of the systems, e.g. for damping pulsations caused by opening or closing of valves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sea surface floating hose anti-disturbance oil transportation method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of floating hose section, floating hose section diversion, floating hose middle section pressurization, pipeline oil transportation connection, inspection before oil transportation, ballast water discharge, cabin preparation and oil transportation operation completion. The technology of pipeline section and reducing diversion is adopted in the patent, so that the impact force of sea waves is buffered and dispersed, the disturbance of a floating hose is reduced and lowered, the problem of stress concentration of the floating hose is solved, the problems of fretting fatigue and fracture failure are delayed, and the normal operation of oil transportation operation is ensured; this patent concatenates the showy reducing pipe in the biggest disturbance department in showy hose middle section, and fluid flows in showy hose, and the in-process of showy reducing pipe is flowed through to fluid is by the pressure boost and from the export acceleration outflow of showy reducing pipe to improve the ability of resisting the wave vortex.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sea ship oil transportation technology, in particular to an anti-disturbance oil transportation method for a sea floating hose.
Background
About 71% of the ocean is a human resource and energy treasury. Based on incomplete statistics, 1350 billions of oil and 140 trillion cubic natural gas have been identified in the ocean. China also has rich ocean resources. The estimated oil is about 240 hundred million tons, and the estimated natural gas resource amount is 14 trillion cubes. With further enlargement of offshore oil and gas exploration and exploitation in China, more petroleum and natural gas come from offshore petroleum terminals in the future. Offshore oil terminal (offshore terminal), referred to as a tanker moored, moored (DP positioning operation), and a dock for cargo transfer. Including the common offshore oil terminals, are classified into 4 types of fixed terminals, single point mooring systems, multi-buoy mooring systems, turret mooring systems. Shuttle tankers are specialized tankers designed specifically for offshore terminal to coastal refinery trips, but because of their complex loading and power systems, the cost is several times that of conventional tankers, and the operator qualification requirements are high. Therefore, the use of existing tankers to carry offshore terminal petroleum products remains the preferred choice for most liquid cargo transportation enterprises in China.
The liquid cargo handling operation of the offshore tanker leaves the floating oil transportation hose and floats on the sea surface all the year round, the offshore tanker is extremely easy to be subjected to the effects of environmental loads such as wind, waves and currents, the problems of stress concentration, fretting fatigue, fracture failure and the like can occur, particularly under the condition of high wind and high waves, the normal flow of oil in the floating hose can be influenced in the oil transportation operation, particularly the influence of wind, waves and currents on the middle section of the floating hose is more obvious, and the up-down disturbance amplitude is very large. In oil transportation operation, how to reduce and reduce the influence on the oil transportation operation is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-disturbance oil transportation method for a sea surface floating hose.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for anti-disturbance oil transportation by a sea surface floating hose comprises the following steps:
step S1, floating hose sections: dividing a floating hose into a plurality of floating hose sections, wherein the plurality of floating hose sections are sequentially and flexibly connected;
step S2, guiding flow of a floating hose section: the outer diameter of the floating hose section is designed into a gradual change structure, and when sea waves impact the floating hose section, a part of sea water can flow axially along the outer surface of the floating hose section so as to disperse the impact force of the sea waves;
step S3, pressurizing the middle section of the floating hose: the floating reducer pipe is connected in series at the maximum disturbance position of the middle section of the floating hose, oil flows in the floating hose, and in the process of flowing through the floating reducer pipe, the oil is pressurized and flows out from the outlet of the floating reducer pipe in an accelerating way, so that the capability of resisting the disturbance of sea waves is improved;
step S4, pipeline oil transportation connection: dragging one end of a floating hose on the oil production platform to a position below a midship crane of the oil tanker by using the ship; a lifting hook is put down on the oil tanker to lift one end of a floating hose onto the oil tanker and is connected with an input interface of an oil tank through an oil tanker fence pipe, and the other end of the floating hose is connected with an oil delivery pump on an oil production platform through an end enhanced floating pipe;
step S5, checking before oil transportation: before the oil transportation operation starts, the inert gas inlet pipeline of the oil tank on the oil tanker should be checked again and confirmed to be at the required position; the control of the locking device of the idle air inlet valve of the oil tank is responsible for a major pair; for an oil tank with oil-gas isolation requirements, monitoring the inert gas pressure of a single tank every 4 hours;
s6, transferring and conveying oil liquid: starting an oil delivery pump on an oil production platform, slowly conveying oil at a set initial loading rate through a floating hose, after the oil is conveyed into a specified oil tank, checking whether the oil in the oil tank is leaked or not until the oil stirring and sloshing in the oil tank are stopped, opening a sufficient oil tank after the whole system is confirmed to run normally, and improving the pumping rate to the maximum pumping rate specified by the oil tanker, and conveying the oil at the maximum loading rate; monitoring back pressure at the outlet manifold during the loading operation;
step S7, discharging ballast water: after the loading operation is started, starting to discharge the ballast water of the special ballast tank of the oil tank, and when the ballast water is discharged, obtaining enough trim according to a cargo operation plan, particularly when the stage of discharging the ballast water is close;
step S8, preparing a flat cabin: after entering the preparation stage of the flat, starting to reduce the pumping rate, conveying the oil at the set loading rate of the flat, and detecting the loading rate of the flat; after the first tank is level, the tank is replaced by the next tank on the tanker, and the process is repeated; the last tank should not be closed to prevent oil flow when the tank is flat.
Step S9, oil transportation operation is completed: after the flow is completely stopped, the oil tank valve and the ventilation valve on the oil tanker are closed, and the oil transportation operation is completed.
Further, in the step S2, the floating hose section includes a main pipe body, a floating body and a corrosion-resistant layer, the floating body is wrapped on the circumferential surface of the main pipe body, the corrosion-resistant layer is wrapped on the surface of the floating body, and the diameter of the floating body gradually decreases from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end of the main pipe body.
Further, in the step S3, the floating reducer pipe includes a reducer pipe body, an equal-diameter floating body and a corrosion-resistant rubber layer, the equal-diameter floating body is wrapped on the circumferential surface of the reducer pipe body, the corrosion-resistant rubber layer is wrapped on the surface of the equal-diameter floating body, the inner diameter of the reducer pipe body is reduced from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end of the reducer pipe body, and the equal-diameter floating body means that the outer diameters of the sections on the floating body are the same.
Further, in step S4, the oil tanker rail pipe includes an oil pipe body, a left vibration damping layer, a right vibration damping layer and a wear-resistant layer, the left vibration damping layer and the right vibration damping layer are respectively wrapped on the oil pipe body and the circumferential surface of the pipe body close to two ends of the oil pipe body, and the wear-resistant layer is wrapped on the surfaces of the left vibration damping layer and the right vibration damping layer.
Further, in the step S4, the end portion reinforced floating pipe is formed by wrapping a reinforced floating body on the circumferential surface of the pipe body near one end of the pipe body, and wrapping a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant adhesive layer on the surface of the reinforced floating body.
Further, the floating body of the floating hose section, the reinforced floating body of the end reinforced floating pipe and the constant diameter floating body of the floating reducer pipe are all made of closed-pore PE foam.
Further, the anti-corrosion layer of the floating hose section, the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant adhesive layer of the end reinforced floating hose, the anti-corrosion rubber layer of the floating reducer and the wear-resistant layer of the oil tanker rail pipe are all made of neoprene. The seawater contains inorganic salt, microorganism and the like, and the offshore ultraviolet is extremely strong, so that good seawater resistance and weather resistance are required in such a complex environment, chloroprene rubber is generally adopted, chlorine atoms of the chloroprene rubber are directly connected with double bonds, and conjugation is carried out on the chloroprene rubber and the chloroprene rubber, so that the double bonds and the chlorine activities are reduced, the reactivity is reduced, and the aging resistance is better.
Further, the oil pipe body of the oil tanker rail pipe, the main pipe body of the floating hose section, the reducer pipe body of the floating reducer pipe and the inner surface of the pipe body of the end reinforced floating pipe are continuously paved with Fluororubber (FKM) layers. The Fluororubber (FKM) layer prevents the treated product from reacting with the rubber or metal insert core flange and prevents the insert-based hose structure from falling out.
Further, the inner diameter of the tube body of the floating hose section is not more than 600mm at maximum; the maximum outer diameter of the floating hose section is 1200mm.
Further, in the step S6, the oil pressure in the floating hose is not lower than 0.5-0.6MPa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the technology of pipeline section and variable diameter diversion is adopted in the patent, so that the stress of a floating hose is greatly dispersed, when sea waves impact the variable diameter floating hose section designed based on bionics, a part of sea water can flow axially along the outside of the pipe of the floating hose section, the impact force of the sea waves is greatly buffered and dispersed, the disturbance of the floating hose is reduced and reduced, the problem of stress concentration of the floating hose is solved, the problems of fretting fatigue and fracture failure are delayed, and the normal running of oil transportation operation is ensured;
2. the floating reducer pipe is connected in series at the maximum disturbance position of the middle section of the floating hose, oil flows in the floating hose, and in the process of flowing through the floating reducer pipe, the oil is pressurized and flows out from the outlet of the floating reducer pipe in an accelerating way, so that the capability of resisting the disturbance of sea waves is improved;
3. according to the oil transportation method, through refinement operation and control of initial loading rate, when static electricity is conveyed to accumulate oil, flow or turbulent accumulation of charges can be effectively prevented, and the oil transportation process is safer and more reliable;
4. in the oil transportation method of the patent, a Fluororubber (FKM) layer is continuously laid on the inner surface of the tube body of the floating hose. The Fluororubber (FKM) layer prevents the treated product from reacting with the rubber or metal insert core flange and prevents the insert-based hose structure from falling out.
5. The oil tanker rail pipe in this patent establishes the damping layer at oil tanker rail pipe's both ends, not only has splendid damping effect, but also helps the deformation bending in oil tanker rail pipe middle part.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments do not constitute any limitation of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained by one skilled in the art without inventive effort from the following figures:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flotation hose connection of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the floating hose section of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the structure of the tanker rail pipe of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the floating reducer pipe of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the end reinforcing flotation tube shown in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. floating the hose section; 2. a floating reducer pipe; 3. a tanker; 4. a tanker rail pipe; 5. an end reinforced floating pipe; 6. an oil extraction platform; 7. a floating hose; 8. a main pipe body; 9. a floating body; 10. a corrosion resistant layer; 11. an oil pipe body; 12. a left vibration damping layer; 13. a right vibration damping layer; 14. a wear-resistant layer; 15. a reducer pipe body; 16. an isodiametric floating body; 17. a corrosion-resistant rubber layer; 18. a tube body; 19. enhancing the floating body; 20. corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant adhesive layer.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper surface", "lower surface", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "forward rotation", "reverse", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for anti-disturbance oil transportation by using a sea surface floating hose comprises the following steps:
step S1, floating hose sections: the floating hose 7 is divided into a plurality of floating hose sections 1, and the plurality of floating hose sections 1 are sequentially and flexibly connected.
Step S2, guiding flow of a floating hose section: the outer diameter of the floating hose section 1 is designed into a gradual change structure, and when sea waves impact the floating hose section, a part of sea water can flow axially along the outer surface of the floating hose section so as to disperse the impact force of the sea waves.
As shown in fig. 3, the floating hose section 1 comprises a main pipe body 8, a floating body 9 and a corrosion-resistant layer 10, wherein the floating body 9 is wrapped on the circumferential surface of the main pipe body 8, the corrosion-resistant layer 10 is wrapped on the surface of the floating body 9, and the diameter of the floating body 9 gradually decreases from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end of the main pipe body 8. The inner diameter of the main pipe body 8 of the floating hose section is not more than 600mm at maximum. The maximum outer diameter of the floating hose section 1 is 1200mm.
Step S3, pressurizing the middle section of the floating hose: the floating reducer pipe is connected in series at the maximum disturbance position of the middle section of the floating hose, oil flows in the floating hose, and in the process of flowing through the floating reducer pipe 2, the oil is pressurized and flows out from the outlet of the floating reducer pipe in an accelerating way, so that the capability of resisting the disturbance of sea waves is improved;
as shown in fig. 5, the floating reducer pipe 2 comprises a reducer pipe body 15, an equal-diameter floating body 16 and a corrosion-resistant rubber layer 17, the equal-diameter floating body 16 is wrapped on the circumferential surface of the reducer pipe body 15, the corrosion-resistant rubber layer 17 is wrapped on the surface of the equal-diameter floating body 16, the inner diameter of the reducer pipe body 15 is reduced from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end of the reducer pipe body 15, and the equal-diameter floating body 16 refers to the same outer diameter of each section on the floating body.
Step S4, pipeline oil transportation connection: dragging one end of a floating hose on the oil production platform to a position below a midship crane of the oil tanker by using the ship; the lifting hook is put down on the oil tanker to lift one end of the floating hose 7 onto the oil tanker 3 and is connected with an input interface of the oil tank through the oil tanker fence pipe 4, and the other end of the floating hose 7 is connected with an oil delivery pump on the oil production platform 6 through the end reinforcing floating pipe 5.
As shown in fig. 4, the oil tanker rail pipe 4 includes an oil pipe body 11, a left vibration damping layer 12, a right vibration damping layer 13 and a wear-resistant layer 14, wherein the left vibration damping layer 12 and the right vibration damping layer 13 are respectively wrapped on the circumference surface of the pipe body on the oil pipe body 11 and near two ends of the oil pipe body, and the wear-resistant layer 14 is wrapped on the surfaces of the left vibration damping layer 12 and the right vibration damping layer 13. The left vibration reduction layer 12 and the right vibration reduction layer 13 of the oil tanker rail pipe 4 are made of sponge. In the oil conveying process, the pipeline is easy to vibrate, the left vibration reduction layer and the right vibration reduction layer are additionally arranged, the vibration reduction effect is very strong, the outer diameter of the middle pipe of the oil tanker rail pipe is small, the oil pipe is beneficial to bending downwards when bypassing the oil tanker rail, and the oil tanker tail pipe section can be well attached to the ship wall.
As shown in fig. 6, the end reinforced floating pipe 5 is formed by wrapping a reinforced floating body 19 on the circumferential surface of the pipe body near one end of the pipe body 18, and wrapping a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant adhesive layer 20 on the surface of the reinforced floating body 19.
In addition, the floating body 9 of the floating hose section 1, the reinforced floating body 19 of the end reinforced floating pipe and the constant diameter floating body 16 of the floating reducer pipe are all made of closed-pore PE foam; the closed-cell PE foam has a tensile strength of 450KPa, a tear strength of 20N/cm, a compressive strength of 40KPa and a water absorption of 0.002G/cm2. The closed-cell PE foam can ensure that the deformation is smaller under the same vulcanization condition as rubber.
In this embodiment, the corrosion-resistant layer 10 of the floating hose section 1, the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant adhesive layer 20 of the end reinforced floating hose, the corrosion-resistant rubber layer 17 of the floating reducer, and the wear-resistant layer 14 of the oil tanker rail pipe are all made of neoprene. The seawater contains inorganic salt, microorganism and the like, and the offshore ultraviolet is extremely strong, so that good seawater resistance and weather resistance are required in such a complex environment, chloroprene rubber is generally adopted, chlorine atoms of the chloroprene rubber are directly connected with double bonds, and conjugation is carried out on the chloroprene rubber and the chloroprene rubber, so that the double bonds and the chlorine activities are reduced, the reactivity is reduced, and the aging resistance is better.
The oil pipe body of the oil tanker rail pipe 4, the main pipe body of the floating hose section 1, the reducer pipe body of the floating reducer pipe 2 and the inner surface of the pipe body of the end reinforced floating pipe 5 are continuously paved with Fluororubber (FKM) layers. The Fluororubber (FKM) layer prevents the treated product from reacting with the rubber or metal insert core flange and prevents the insert-based hose structure from falling out.
Step S5, checking before oil transportation: before the oil transportation operation starts, the inert gas inlet pipeline of the oil tank on the oil tanker should be checked again and confirmed to be at the required position; the control of the locking device of the idle air inlet valve of the oil tank is responsible for a major pair; for oil tanks with oil-gas isolation requirements, the inert gas pressure of the single tank should be monitored every 4 hours.
S6, transferring and conveying oil liquid: starting an oil delivery pump on an oil production platform, slowly conveying oil at a set initial loading rate through a floating hose, after the oil is conveyed into a specified oil tank, checking whether the oil in the oil tank is leaked or not until the oil stirring and sloshing in the oil tank are stopped, opening a sufficient oil tank after the whole system is confirmed to run normally, and improving the pumping rate to the maximum pumping rate specified by the oil tanker, and conveying the oil at the maximum loading rate; monitoring back pressure at the outlet manifold during the loading operation; the oil pressure in the floating hose is not lower than 0.5-0.6MPa.
Step S7, discharging ballast water: after the loading operation is started, starting to discharge the ballast water of the special ballast tank of the oil tank, and when the ballast water is discharged, obtaining enough trim according to a cargo operation plan, particularly when the stage of discharging the ballast water is close;
step S8, preparing a flat cabin: after entering the preparation stage of the flat, starting to reduce the pumping rate, conveying the oil at the set loading rate of the flat, and detecting the loading rate of the flat; after the first tank is level, the tank is replaced by the next tank on the tanker, and the process is repeated; the last tank should not be closed to prevent oil flow when the tank is flat.
Step S9, oil transportation operation is completed: after the flow is completely stopped, the oil tank valve and the ventilation valve on the oil tanker are closed, and the oil transportation operation is completed.
Working principle: the technology of pipeline section and variable diameter diversion is adopted in the patent, so that the stress of a floating hose is greatly dispersed, when sea waves impact the variable diameter floating hose section designed based on bionics, a part of sea water can flow axially along the outside of the pipe of the floating hose section, the impact force of the sea waves is greatly buffered and dispersed, the disturbance of the floating hose is reduced and reduced, the problem of stress concentration of the floating hose is solved, the problems of fretting fatigue and fracture failure are delayed, and the normal running of oil transportation operation is ensured; this patent concatenates the showy reducing pipe in the biggest disturbance department in showy hose middle section, and fluid flows in showy hose, and the in-process of showy reducing pipe is flowed through to fluid is by the pressure boost and from the export acceleration outflow of showy reducing pipe to improve the ability of resisting the wave vortex.
Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction. While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A sea surface floating hose anti-disturbance oil transportation method is characterized in that:
step S1, floating hose sections: dividing a floating hose into a plurality of floating hose sections, wherein the plurality of floating hose sections are sequentially and flexibly connected;
step S2, guiding flow of a floating hose section: the outer diameter of the floating hose section is designed into a gradual change structure, and when sea waves impact the floating hose section, a part of sea water can flow axially along the outer surface of the floating hose section so as to disperse the impact force of the sea waves; the floating hose section comprises a main pipe body, a floating body and a corrosion-resistant layer, wherein the floating body is wrapped on the circumferential surface of the main pipe body, the corrosion-resistant layer is wrapped on the surface of the floating body, and the diameter of the floating body gradually decreases from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end of the main pipe body;
step S3, pressurizing the middle section of the floating hose: the floating reducer pipe is connected in series at the maximum disturbance position of the middle section of the floating hose, oil flows in the floating hose, and in the process of flowing through the floating reducer pipe, the oil is pressurized and flows out from the outlet of the floating reducer pipe in an accelerating way, so that the capability of resisting the disturbance of sea waves is improved; the floating reducer comprises a reducer body, an equal-diameter floating body and a corrosion-resistant rubber layer, wherein the equal-diameter floating body is wrapped on the circumferential surface of the reducer body, the corrosion-resistant rubber layer is wrapped on the surface of the equal-diameter floating body, the inner diameter of the reducer body is reduced from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end of the reducer body, and the equal-diameter floating body is equal in outer diameter of each section on the floating body;
step S4, pipeline oil transportation connection: dragging one end of a floating hose on the oil production platform to a position below a midship crane of the oil tanker by using the ship; a lifting hook is put down on the oil tanker to lift one end of a floating hose onto the oil tanker and is connected with an input interface of an oil tank through an oil tanker fence pipe, and the other end of the floating hose is connected with an oil delivery pump on an oil production platform through an end enhanced floating pipe; the oil tanker rail pipe comprises an oil pipe body, a left vibration reduction layer, a right vibration reduction layer and a wear-resistant layer, wherein the left vibration reduction layer and the right vibration reduction layer are respectively wrapped on the oil pipe body and the circumferential surfaces of the pipe body close to the two ends of the oil pipe body, and the wear-resistant layer is wrapped on the surfaces of the left vibration reduction layer and the right vibration reduction layer; the end reinforced floating pipe comprises a pipe body, a reinforced floating body is wrapped on the circumferential surface of the pipe body close to one end of the pipe body, and a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant adhesive layer is wrapped on the surface of the reinforced floating body; the floating body of the floating hose section, the reinforced floating body of the end reinforced floating pipe and the constant diameter floating body of the floating reducer pipe are all made of closed-pore PE foam;
step S5, checking before oil transportation: before the oil transportation operation starts, the inert gas inlet pipeline of the oil tank on the oil tanker should be checked again and confirmed to be at the required position; the control of the locking device of the idle air inlet valve of the oil tank is responsible for a major pair; for an oil tank with oil-gas isolation requirements, monitoring the inert gas pressure of a single tank every 4 hours;
s6, transferring and conveying oil liquid: starting an oil delivery pump on an oil production platform, slowly conveying oil at a set initial loading rate through a floating hose, after the oil is conveyed into a specified oil tank, checking whether the oil in the oil tank is leaked or not until the oil stirring and sloshing in the oil tank are stopped, opening a sufficient oil tank after the whole system is confirmed to run normally, and improving the pumping rate to the maximum pumping rate specified by the oil tanker, and conveying the oil at the maximum loading rate; monitoring back pressure at the outlet manifold during the loading operation;
step S7, discharging ballast water: after the loading operation is started, starting to discharge the ballast water of the special ballast tank of the oil tank, and when the ballast water is discharged, obtaining enough trim according to a cargo operation plan when the ballast water discharge stage is close;
step S8, preparing a flat cabin: after entering the preparation stage of the flat, starting to reduce the pumping rate, conveying the oil at the set loading rate of the flat, and detecting the loading rate of the flat; after the first tank is level, the tank is replaced by the next tank on the tanker, and the process is repeated; when the last oil tank is flat, the valve of the last oil tank is not closed to prevent the oil from flowing;
step S9, oil transportation operation is completed: after the flow is completely stopped, the oil tank valve and the ventilation valve on the oil tanker are closed, and the oil transportation operation is completed.
2. The method of anti-disturbance oil transportation by sea surface floating hose according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-corrosion layer of the floating hose section, the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant adhesive layer of the end reinforced floating hose, the anti-corrosion rubber layer of the floating reducer and the wear-resistant layer of the oil tanker rail pipe are all made of neoprene.
3. The method of anti-disturbance oil transportation by sea surface floating hose according to claim 2, wherein: the oil pipe body of the oil tanker rail pipe, the main pipe body of the floating hose section, the reducer pipe body of the floating reducer pipe and the inner surface of the pipe body of the end reinforced floating pipe are continuously paved with Fluororubber (FKM) layers.
4. A method of anti-disturbance oil transportation by sea surface floating hose according to claim 3, wherein: the maximum inner diameter of the tube body of the floating hose section is not more than 600mm; the maximum outer diameter of the floating hose section is 1200mm.
5. The method of anti-disturbance oil transportation by sea surface floating hose according to claim 4, wherein: in the step S6, the oil pressure in the floating hose is not lower than 0.5-0.6MPa.
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| CN202310616766.1A CN116717724B (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Anti-disturbance oil transportation method for sea surface floating hose |
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| CN116717724B true CN116717724B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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| CN116717724A (en) | 2023-09-08 |
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