CN116649166A - High-yield planting method for transplanted rice in tidal flat saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
High-yield planting method for transplanted rice in tidal flat saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN116649166A CN116649166A CN202310399082.0A CN202310399082A CN116649166A CN 116649166 A CN116649166 A CN 116649166A CN 202310399082 A CN202310399082 A CN 202310399082A CN 116649166 A CN116649166 A CN 116649166A
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- Prior art keywords
- rice
- saline
- alkali soil
- parts
- fertilizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 141
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 5u8924t11h Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)C[C@H](O[C@@H]2C(=C/C[C@@H]3C[C@@H](C[C@@]4(O3)C=C[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(C)C)O4)OC(=O)[C@@H]3C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4OC\C([C@@]34O)=C/C=C/[C@@H]2C)/C)O[C@H]1C.C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 claims description 6
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield planting method for transplanted rice in a tidal flat saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps: soil finishing: before rice transplanting, broadcasting a saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum on the saline-alkali soil, and carrying out rotary tillage; after a period of time, broadcasting a special fertilizer packet for the saline-alkali soil rice on the saline-alkali soil treated by the soil remediation microbial inoculum; root dipping treatment: before rice transplanting, placing the root systems of the rice seedlings in a root dipping agent diluent, taking out the rice seedlings, and performing transplanting operation; soil application fertilizer: after rice transplanting, dressing a special fertilizer for returning green fertilizer, mineral oil and herbicide; foliage fertilizer: spraying pesticide fertilizer on the leaf surfaces during the rice jointing-booting stage and the rice breast-maturing stage respectively. The method can delay the function She Zaocui, prolong the grouting time, promote the accumulation and transportation of photosynthetic products, synergistically promote the increase of the accumulation amount of dry matters, the number of single spike grains, thousand grain weight, starch and sugar content and improve the setting rate. The two are coordinated, so that the yield is increased, and lodging and low-temperature freezing injury in the later stage can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rice planting, and particularly relates to a high-yield planting method for transplanted rice in a tidal flat saline-alkali soil.
Background
The area of the eastern coastal beach of China is about 2.1 hundred million mu, wherein 1500 ten thousand mu has the prospect of being used as an agricultural land after improvement, and is the most potential and valuable cultivated land backup resource of China. The rice is the first choice grain crop for improving the saline-alkali soil, and the eastern coastal area is full of rainfall and the river is rich in fresh water resources, thereby providing possibility for large-area planting of the rice on coastal beaches.
The seashore saline-alkali soil is characterized in that the salt content of the whole soil body is high, the salt composition is mainly chloride, after engineering improvement, the salt content of the soil is 0.20-0.50%, the pH value of the soil is 8.0-9.0, the organic matter content is low, the air permeability of the soil is poor, although paddy rice can be planted, the phenomena of death, slow turning green, slow tillering, few tillers and the like exist during paddy rice transplanting, so that the basic seedling of paddy rice is poor, the effective tillers are few, the spike grain number and thousand grain weight are low, and the final paddy rice yield level of the tidal flat saline-alkali soil is low.
There are many researches on comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali soil, but related researches on improving the saline-alkali soil are provided for paddy rice planting in the saline-alkali soil, and although the related researches are provided for the paddy rice planting in the saline-alkali soil, the related measures such as soil improvement, seedling management and the like are taken around the saline-alkali soil, and the steps are complicated, so that a paddy rice high-yield planting method with popularization and application value in the tidal flat saline-alkali soil is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a high-yield planting method for transplanted rice in a tidal flat saline-alkali soil.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a high-yield planting method for transplanting rice in a tidal flat saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Soil finishing: before rice transplanting, broadcasting a saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum on the saline-alkali soil, and carrying out rotary tillage; after a period of time, broadcasting a special fertilizer packet for the saline-alkali soil rice on the saline-alkali soil treated by the soil remediation microbial inoculum;
(2) Root dipping treatment: before rice transplanting, placing the root systems of the rice seedlings in a root dipping agent diluent, taking out the rice seedlings, and performing transplanting operation;
(3) Soil application fertilizer: after rice transplanting, dressing a special fertilizer for returning green fertilizer, mineral oil and herbicide;
(4) Foliage fertilizer: spraying liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, 28-surface high brassinolide aqueous agent, thifluzamide suspending agent and abamectin emulsion on leaf surfaces in the period of jointing and booting rice; in the period of rice milk ripeness, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 28-surface high brassinolide aqueous solution are sprayed on leaf surfaces.
As a further improvement of the scheme, in the step (1), the saline-alkali soil remediation microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of kitchen aerobic fermentation product, 20-30 parts of triple superphosphate, 10-20 parts of peat humic acid, 10-20 parts of modified yellow phosphorus slag and 0.05-0.1 part of functional microbial inoculum.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the saline-alkali soil remediation microbial inoculum contains 30% -40% of easily-oxidized organic matters, 15% of crude proteins, 10% of hydrolyzed amino acids, 10% of crude oil and fat and 3.5-4.5 of pH value in the kitchen aerobic fermentation product.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the functional bacterial agents are bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus mucilaginosus. Preferably, the microbial inoculum is bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus mucilaginosus in a weight ratio of 3:2:1.
Through the technical scheme, the easily oxidized organic matters, crude proteins, amino acids and other bioactive substances in the kitchen fermentation products can be directly used as carbon and nitrogen sources of the functional microbial inoculum, and can be rapidly planted and propagated under proper moisture conditions after entering soil, and particularly, a propagation peak period exists in 3-7 days after application.
As a still further improvement of the above scheme, the modified yellow phosphorus slag is obtained by the following method: crushing yellow phosphorus slag; uniformly spraying citric acid solution on the yellow phosphorus slag powder and standing for a period of time; drying and crushing the treated yellow phosphorus slag to obtain the modified yellow phosphorus slag.
By the technical scheme, the activity of silicon and calcium in the yellow phosphorus slag can be activated, the silicon nutrient elements in the soil are supplemented, and silicon is the fourth largest nutrient element required by normal growth of rice, so that the growth of rice root systems can be promoted, the activity of the root systems can be enhanced, and the absorption of the rice to moisture and nutrients can be improved; the leaves can be thickened, and the plants are strong; can promote the growth and development of reproductive organs, early heading, increase the thickness of spike shaft, increase the spike length, and the like.
In addition, the activated calcium ions and calcium ions in triple superphosphate have stronger adsorption capacity than sodium ions on colloid particles in soil, so that ion replacement reaction can be carried out to replace sodium ions, and the outer layer of the calcium ion-containing colloid particles does not adsorb water molecules, thereby being beneficial to forming a granular structure in soil and further being beneficial to root growth of crops and absorbing moisture and nutrients in soil.
By the technical scheme, after the soil remediation microbial inoculum for the tidal flat saline-alkali soil is adopted, the pH of the soil can be quickly reduced, the organic matters of the soil can be improved, the salt content in a micro-area of the soil can be reduced, the micro-ecological environment can be improved, and a milder soil environment can be provided for rice transplanting; in addition, in the rapid propagation process, the functional bacteria can secrete organic acid to reduce the pH of the microenvironment, simultaneously decompose phosphorus and potassium, destroy the crystal lattice of aluminosilicate and improve the effectiveness of silicon and trace elements.
As a further improvement of the scheme, in the step (1), the fertilizer special for the saline-alkali soil rice comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15-30 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-30 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.1-0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.5 part of boric acid and 0.05-0.2 part of nitrification inhibitor.
Through the technical scheme, each component of the saline-alkali soil paddy rice is a physiological acidic fertilizer, and the cation exchange capacity of the potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate metal cation sulfate is larger than that of cations in alkaline soil, so that salt ions in the alkaline soil are exchanged, and the salt ions are leached into the soil layer along with irrigation water, so that the total salt content of the saline-alkali soil is reduced, and the pH value of a soil solution is reduced.
In addition, the rice is used as an ammoniumpreference crop, and the nitrogen supplied by the technical scheme is ammonium nitrogen: the amide nitrogen ratio is 1:0.8-1.2, the amide begins to be converted into ammonium nitrogen in 3-7 days, the condition that the ammonium nitrogen exists in the soil environment where the rice seedling stage is located is ensured, and the nitrogen ingestion of rice is facilitated; in addition, the nitrification inhibitor is added in the scheme, so that the transformation of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen can be delayed, and after the rice absorbs the ammonium nitrogen, carbohydrate is immediately absorbed and assimilated into organic nitrogen-containing compounds such as ammonium amide and amino acid, and the like.
As a further improvement of the scheme, in the step (2), the root dipping agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 30-50 parts of compound amino acid powder, 20-30 parts of algal polysaccharide, 5-10 parts of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.001-0.05 part of indolebutyric acid and 0.001-0.05 part of alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate.
Through the technical scheme, the composite amino acid powder and the seaweed polysaccharide can provide carbon and nitrogen sources for trichoderma harzianum, ensure the survival and propagation of the trichoderma harzianum on a rice root system, promote the stable colonization and conduction of the trichoderma harzianum in the roots, stems and leaves of rice seedlings, and have an obvious promotion effect on the growth of rice seedling stage besides a good prevention and control effect on various plant diseases. Meanwhile, the rice can form a synergistic effect with gamma-aminobutyric acid, amino acid and algal polysaccharide, and can improve the salt and alkali resistance and disease stress resistance of rice root systems. In addition, the compound amino acid powder and the seaweed polysaccharide can be cooperated with indolebutyric acid and alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate to promote the rapid growth of the rice root system and maintain the activity of the root system, thereby being beneficial to reducing dead seedlings, slow seedling and few tillers caused by severe change of the root system environment after the rice is transplanted to the saline-alkali soil.
As a further improvement of the scheme, in the step (3), the herbicide is uniformly mixed with the amount of the returning green fertilizer of 15-0.20 g/mu according to the amount of 10-15 kg/mu of herbicide, 20 ml/mu of mineral oil and the amount of the returning green fertilizer of 10-15 g/mu, and then the mixture is uniformly spread in a paddy field. The special fertilizer for turning green is 30-0-5 high tower compound fertilizer, and preferably ammonium nitrogen: amide nitrogen 1:1; the herbicide is oxyfluorfen and iprovalicarb, and is 50% wettable powder compounded by oxyfluorfen and iprovalicarb; the mineral oil is a specific component fractionated from petroleum, is refined into a mineral source pesticide after emulsification, and has the characteristics of low toxicity, no resistance, broad control spectrum and environmental friendliness; the herbicide, the mineral oil and the green-returning fertilizer are uniformly mixed according to the dosage, and then uniformly spread in a paddy field, and the water layer is 5-7 days.
Through the technical scheme, one-time operation of topdressing and weeding can be realized, and labor cost is reduced. The special fertilizer for returning green of rice is prepared by high tower granulation and ammonium nitrogen: amide nitrogen is 1:1, the application is convenient, and the ammonium nitrogen is absorbed by rice faster, so that the rice is more favorable for turning green; the mineral oil can be used as an adsorbent to uniformly adsorb the herbicide on the green-turning fertilizer particles, so that the herbicide is ensured to be more uniformly distributed in the rice field; in addition, the mineral oil has the effects of sterilization and insect inhibition, and can reduce moss in rice fields; when the herbicide is combined with herbicide, the spreading capacity of the herbicide can be increased, and the weeding capacity can be improved.
As a further improvement of the scheme, in the step (4), the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is 300-500 ml/mu, 0.004% 28-20 ml/mu of high brassinolide aqueous solution, 15-25 g/mu of 30% thifluzamide suspending agent and 30-45 ml/mu of 2.2% avermectin emulsion are mixed with 40-60L/mu of water for foliar spraying in the stage of jointing and booting rice. During spraying, the spraying is carried out after 4 pm points of sunny, windless or breeze; and (3) after spraying, if precipitation is needed, carrying out supplementary spraying 1-4 hours.
Through the technical scheme, the liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer has a strong slow-release effect, the lasting period on the leaves can reach 8-12 weeks, and the high-efficiency utilization rate can reduce the additional fertilizer investment of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer; in addition, the liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer has the characteristics of strong evaporation resistance and long leaf retention period, so that brassin lactone, thifluzamide and abamectin can be kept in a liquid form on rice leaves for a long time, and the rapid absorption of the rice leaves is facilitated; the brassin lactone not only promotes the growth of rice and improves the stress resistance, but also can strengthen the resistance of a rice system and strengthen the antibacterial and insecticidal effects of thifluzamide and abamectin;
as a further improvement of the scheme, in the step (4), in the rice milk ripening period, 100 g/mu of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.004 percent of 28-20 ml/mu of the high brassinolide aqueous solution are mixed with 20-30L/mu of water for foliage spraying. During spraying, the spraying is carried out after 4 pm points of sunny, windless or breeze; and (3) after spraying, if precipitation is needed, carrying out supplementary spraying 1-4 hours.
Through the technical scheme, brassin lactone promotes cell division and elongation, improves the chlorophyll content of leaves, particularly flag leaves, and monopotassium phosphate can supplement a phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, delay the function She Zaocui, prolong the grouting time, promote accumulation and transportation of photosynthetic products, synergistically promote the accumulation of dry matters, the increase of single spike grain number, thousand grain weight, starch and sugar content, and improve the setting rate. The two are coordinated, so that the yield is increased, and lodging and low-temperature freezing injury in the later stage can be reduced.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) The easily oxidized organic matters, crude proteins, amino acids and other bioactive substances in the kitchen fermentation product can be directly used as carbon and nitrogen sources of functional microbial agents, and can be rapidly planted and propagated under proper moisture conditions after entering soil;
(2) The beach saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum disclosed by the invention can be used for rapidly reducing the pH of soil, improving the organic matters of the soil, reducing the salt content of a soil micro-area and improving the micro-ecological environment, and providing a milder soil environment for rice transplanting; in addition, in the rapid propagation process of the functional bacteria, organic acid can be secreted to reduce the pH of the microenvironment, simultaneously decompose phosphorus and potassium, destroy the crystal lattice of aluminosilicate and improve the effectiveness of silicon and trace elements;
(3) The compound amino acid powder and the seaweed polysaccharide can provide carbon and nitrogen sources for trichoderma harzianum, ensure the survival and propagation of the trichoderma harzianum on a rice root system, promote the stable colonization and conduction of the trichoderma harzianum in the roots, stems and leaves of rice seedlings, and have obvious promotion effect on the growth of rice seedling stage besides better prevention and control effect on various plant diseases. Meanwhile, the rice can form a synergistic effect with gamma-aminobutyric acid, amino acid and algal polysaccharide, and can improve the salt and alkali resistance and disease stress resistance of rice root systems. In addition, the compound amino acid powder and the seaweed polysaccharide can be cooperated with indolebutyric acid and alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate to promote the rapid growth of the rice root system and maintain the activity of the root system, thereby being beneficial to reducing dead seedlings, slow seedling and few tillers caused by severe change of the root system environment after the rice is transplanted to the saline-alkali soil.
(4) The liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer has a strong slow-release effect, the lasting period on the leaves can reach 8-12 weeks, and the high-efficiency utilization rate can reduce the additional fertilizer investment of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer; in addition, the liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer has the characteristics of strong evaporation resistance and long leaf retention period, so that brassin lactone, thifluzamide and abamectin can be kept in a liquid form on rice leaves for a long time, and the rapid absorption of the rice leaves is facilitated; besides promoting rice growth and improving stress resistance, the brassinolide can strengthen the resistance of a rice system and strengthen the antibacterial and insecticidal effects of thifluzamide and abamectin.
(5) The brassin lactone of the invention promotes cell division and elongation, improves the chlorophyll content of leaves, especially flag leaves, and the monopotassium phosphate can supplement phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, delay the function She Zaocui, prolong the grouting time, promote the accumulation and transportation of photosynthetic products, synergistically promote the accumulation of dry matters, the increase of single spike grain number, thousand grain weight, starch and sugar content, and improve the setting rate. The two are coordinated, so that the yield is increased, and lodging and low-temperature freezing injury in the later stage can be reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below.
Example 1 saline-alkali soil remediation microbial agent
The embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil remediation microbial agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of kitchen aerobic fermentation products, 30 parts of triple superphosphate, 10 parts of peat humic acid, 10 parts of modified yellow phosphorus slag and 0.05 part of functional microbial inoculum. The kitchen aerobic fermentation product is purchased from Beijing Jiabo Biotechnology Co.
The kitchen aerobic fermentation product contains 30% -40% of easily-oxidizable organic matters, 15% of crude protein, 10% of hydrolyzed amino acid, 10% of crude oil and fat and pH 3.5-4.5;
the functional microbial inoculum is bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus mucilaginosus in a weight ratio of 3:2:1;
the preparation process of the modified yellow phosphorus slag comprises the following steps: s1: crushing yellow phosphorus slag to 20-40 mesh sieve; s2: uniformly spraying 50% citric acid solution on the yellow phosphorus slag powder according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 2:1, and standing for 12 hours; s3: carrying out microwave drying on the processed yellow phosphorus slag, wherein the microwave power is 1000w, and the microwave time is 4min; and crushing the yellow phosphorus slag after microwave drying to 40 mesh sieve.
Example 2 saline-alkali soil remediation microbial inoculum
The embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil remediation microbial agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of kitchen aerobic fermentation products, 20 parts of triple superphosphate, 10 parts of peat humic acid, 20 parts of modified yellow phosphorus slag and 0.1 part of functional microbial inoculum.
The kitchen aerobic fermentation product contains 30% -40% of easily-oxidizable organic matters, 15% of crude protein, 10% of hydrolyzed amino acid, 10% of crude oil and fat and pH 3.5-4.5;
the functional microbial inoculum is bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus mucilaginosus in a weight ratio of 3:2:1;
the preparation process of the modified yellow phosphorus slag comprises the following steps: s1: crushing yellow phosphorus slag to 20-40 mesh sieve; s2: uniformly spraying 50% citric acid solution on the yellow phosphorus slag powder according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 2:1, and standing for 12 hours; s3: carrying out microwave drying on the processed yellow phosphorus slag, wherein the microwave power is 1000w, and the microwave time is 4min; and crushing the yellow phosphorus slag after microwave drying to 40 mesh sieve.
Example 3 saline-alkali soil remediation microbial agent
The embodiment provides a saline-alkali soil remediation microbial agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of kitchen aerobic fermentation products, 25 parts of triple superphosphate, 15 parts of peat humic acid, 15 parts of modified yellow phosphorus slag and 0.075 part of functional microbial inoculum.
The kitchen aerobic fermentation product contains 30% -40% of easily-oxidizable organic matters, 15% of crude protein, 10% of hydrolyzed amino acid, 10% of crude oil and fat and pH 3.5-4.5;
the functional microbial inoculum is bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus mucilaginosus in a weight ratio of 3:2:1;
the preparation process of the modified yellow phosphorus slag comprises the following steps: s1: crushing yellow phosphorus slag to 20-40 mesh sieve; s2: uniformly spraying 50% citric acid solution on the yellow phosphorus slag powder according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 2:1, and standing for 12 hours; s3: carrying out microwave drying on the processed yellow phosphorus slag, wherein the microwave power is 1000w, and the microwave time is 4min; and crushing the yellow phosphorus slag after microwave drying to 40 mesh sieve.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 3 in that the amount of the kitchen aerobic fermentation product was low, 40 parts. Wherein the components of the kitchen aerobic fermentation product, the functional microbial inoculum and the modified yellow phosphorus slag are the same. The saline-alkali soil remediation microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of kitchen aerobic fermentation products, 25 parts of triple superphosphate, 15 parts of peat humic acid, 15 parts of modified yellow phosphorus slag and 0.075 part of functional microbial inoculum.
Comparative example 2
The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that the amount of the kitchen aerobic fermentation product is 90 parts, and the kitchen aerobic fermentation product, the functional microbial inoculum and the modified yellow phosphorus slag are all the same. The saline-alkali soil remediation microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of kitchen aerobic fermentation products, 25 parts of triple superphosphate, 15 parts of peat humic acid, 15 parts of modified yellow phosphorus slag and 0.075 part of functional microbial inoculum.
The saline-alkali soil restoration microbial agents in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 are respectively spread on the same piece of saline-alkali soil according to 500 kg/mu, rotary tillage is carried out for 15-20cm depth, water is poured for 1 time, and soil moisture content is kept; after 15 days, the content of each index in the soil is detected.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
By the comparison, the optimal saline-alkali soil remediation microbial agent is found to be the example 3. Therefore, the saline-alkali soil remediation microbial inoculum provided by the embodiment of the invention can rapidly reduce the pH of soil, improve the organic matters of the soil, reduce the salt content of a soil micro-area and improve the micro-ecological environment, and provides a milder soil environment for rice transplanting; in addition, in the rapid propagation process, the functional bacteria can secrete organic acid to reduce the pH of the microenvironment, simultaneously decompose phosphorus and potassium, destroy the crystal lattice of aluminosilicate and improve the effectiveness of silicon and trace elements.
Example 4 Special fertilizer for saline-alkali soil paddy rice
The embodiment provides a special fertilizer for saline-alkali soil rice, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1 part of boric acid and 0.05 part of nitrification inhibitor (DMPP).
Example 5 Special fertilizer for saline-alkali soil paddy rice
The embodiment provides a special fertilizer for saline-alkali soil rice, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of ammonium sulfate, 30 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of boric acid and 0.2 part of nitrification inhibitor (DMPP).
Example 6 Special fertilizer for saline-alkali soil paddy rice
The embodiment provides a special fertilizer for saline-alkali soil rice, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of ammonium sulfate, 22.5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 25 parts of urea, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3 part of boric acid and 0.125 part of nitrification inhibitor (DMPP).
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 6 in that no DMPP was added to the components.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is urea-based compound fertilizer commonly used for rice planting, and the nutrient content (N-P2O 5-K2O) is 20-8-12.
Firstly, carrying out soil remediation by adopting the saline-alkali soil remediation microbial inoculum in the embodiment 3, and after 7-10 days after the soil remediation, uniformly spreading fertilizer special for the saline-alkali soil rice in the embodiment 4-6 and the comparative embodiment 3-4 according to the dosage of 40 kg/mu respectively, watering after rotary tillage, and maintaining the height of a water layer to be 3-5cm; in the middle stage of rice grouting, leaf SPAD values of 4 leaf positions below the self flag leaf of the rice are observed, the average value is obtained, and the area index of the rice leaf and the biomass of the overground part of each pocket are measured.
TABLE 3 Table 3
By the comparison, the optimal fertilizer special for the saline-alkali soil rice is found to be the fertilizer in the example 6. Therefore, the special fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil rice can still maintain the higher chlorophyll content, leaf area index and net photosynthetic rate of rice leaves in the middle period of rice grouting, and the special fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil rice has the characteristics of long lasting period, easy absorption and high conversion rate, and can improve the rice grouting efficiency and promote the effects of large spikes, increased solid grains and increased thousand grain weight.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a root dipping agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 30 parts of compound amino acid powder, 20 parts of algal polysaccharide, 5 parts of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.001 part of indolebutyric acid and 0.001 part of alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a root dipping agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 50 parts of compound amino acid powder, 30 parts of algal polysaccharide, 10 parts of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.05 part of indolebutyric acid and 0.05 part of alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a root dipping agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 40 parts of compound amino acid powder, 25 parts of algal polysaccharide, 7.5 parts of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.0255 part of indolebutyric acid and 0.0255 part of alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate.
Comparative example 5
Compared with example 9, the comparative example is different in that the composition does not contain gamma-aminobutyric acid, indolebutyric acid and alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate, and specifically, the comparative example provides a root dipping agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: the embodiment provides a root dipping agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 40 parts of compound amino acid powder and 25 parts of seaweed polysaccharide.
Comparative example 6
Compared with example 9, the comparative example is different in that the comparative example does not have gamma-aminobutyric acid, and specifically, the comparative example provides a root dipping agent comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 40 parts of compound amino acid powder, 25 parts of algal polysaccharide, 0.0255 part of indolebutyric acid and 0.0255 part of alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate.
Comparative example 7
Compared with example 9, the comparative example is different in that indolebutyric acid is not provided, and specifically, the comparative example provides a root dipping agent comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 40 parts of compound amino acid powder, 25 parts of algal polysaccharide, 7.5 parts of gamma-aminobutyric acid and 0.0255 part of alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate.
Comparative example 8
Compared with example 9, the comparative example is different in that the comparative example does not have alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate, and specifically, the comparative example provides a root dipping agent comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 40 parts of compound amino acid powder, 25 parts of algal polysaccharide, 7.5 parts of gamma-aminobutyric acid and 0.0255 part of indolebutyric acid.
Soil finishing and fertilization are carried out by adopting the saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum in the embodiment 3 and the fertilizer special for the saline-alkali soil rice in the embodiment 6, and the rice transplanting is respectively treated by adopting the root dipping agents in the embodiments 7-9 and the comparative examples 5-8, and then the transplanting is carried out. And observing the tillering condition and root growth condition of the seedlings 30 days after transplanting.
TABLE 4 Table 4
TABLE 5
From the comparison, the optimal root dipping agent is found to be the example 9, and the data of the comparative examples 5-8 show that trichoderma harzianum forms a synergistic effect with gamma-aminobutyric acid, amino acid and algal polysaccharide. Therefore, the root dipping agent provided by the embodiment of the invention has a good effect on reducing the death rate of rice seedlings in the saline-alkali soil, has an obvious promoting effect on the growth of the rice seedlings in the seedling stage, can effectively promote the rapid growth of the rice root system and maintain the activity of the root system, and is beneficial to reducing the death rate, slow seedling recovery and few tillers caused by severe change of the root system environment after the rice seedlings are transplanted to the saline-alkali soil.
Example 10
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-yield planting method for transplanted rice in a tidal flat saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Soil arrangement
The saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum prepared in example 3 of 500 kg/mu is uniformly spread over 12 days before rice transplanting after harvesting of the previous crop, and rotary tillage is carried out
Pouring water for 1 time at a depth of 15-20cm, and keeping soil moisture; after 9 days, uniformly broadcasting a fertilizer bag special for the saline-alkali soil rice by 40 kg/mu, carrying out rotary tillage, and then watering, and maintaining the height of a water layer to be 3-5cm;
(2) Root dipping treatment
Before rice transplanting, placing the root system of the rice seedling in 500-time diluent of the root dipping agent prepared in the embodiment 3, taking out the rice seedling after about 5S, and performing transplanting operation;
(3) Soil pesticide fertilizer
After 5 days of rice transplanting, applying 12.5 kg/mu of special fertilizer for returning green fertilizer, 20ml of mineral oil and 12.5 g/mu of herbicide; the special fertilizer for turning green is 30-0-5 high tower compound fertilizer, and preferably ammonium nitrogen: amide nitrogen 1:1; the herbicide is oxyfluorfen and iprovalicarb, and is 50% wettable powder compounded by oxyfluorfen and iprovalicarb; the mineral oil is purchased from Shenzhen Noep agro-chemical Co., ltd, is a specific component fractionated from petroleum, is refined into a mineral source pesticide after emulsification, and has the characteristics of low toxicity, no resistance, broad control spectrum and environmental friendliness; the herbicide, the mineral oil and the green-returning fertilizer are uniformly mixed according to the dosage, and then uniformly spread in a paddy field and a water layer for 6 days.
(4) Foliage fertilizer
Spraying 400 ml/mu of liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (350-0-0) at the stage of jointing and booting rice, 0.004% of 28-surface high brassinolide aqueous solution 20 ml/mu, 30% of thifluzamide suspending agent 20 g/mu and 2.2% of avermectin emulsion 37.5 ml/mu, and adding 50L/mu of water for foliage spraying; during spraying, the spraying is carried out after 4 pm points of sunny, windless or breeze; if precipitation is needed to be carried out after spraying for 1-4 hours;
spraying 100 g/mu of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.004% of 28-surface high brassinolide aqua 20 ml/mu, and adding 25L/mu of water to the rice in the lactation period for foliage spraying; during spraying, the spraying is carried out after 4 pm points of sunny, windless or breeze; and (3) after spraying, if precipitation is needed, carrying out supplementary spraying 1-4 hours.
Example 11
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-yield planting method for transplanted rice in a tidal flat saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Soil arrangement
The saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum prepared in example 3 of 500 kg/mu is uniformly spread over 12 days before rice transplanting after harvesting of the previous crop, and rotary tillage is carried out
Pouring water for 1 time at a depth of 15-20cm, and keeping soil moisture; after 9 days, uniformly broadcasting a fertilizer bag special for the saline-alkali soil rice by 40 kg/mu, carrying out rotary tillage, and then watering, and maintaining the height of a water layer to be 3-5cm;
(2) Root dipping treatment
Before rice transplanting, placing the root system of the rice seedling in 500-time diluent of the root dipping agent prepared in the embodiment x, taking out the rice seedling after about 5S, and performing transplanting operation;
(3) Soil pesticide fertilizer
After 4-6 days of rice transplanting, dressing a special fertilizer for returning green fertilizer 10 kg/mu, mineral oil 20ml and herbicide 15 g/mu; the special fertilizer for turning green is 30-0-5 high tower compound fertilizer, and preferably ammonium nitrogen: amide nitrogen 1:1; the herbicide is oxyfluorfen and iprovalicarb, and is 50% wettable powder compounded by oxyfluorfen and iprovalicarb; the mineral oil is a specific component fractionated from petroleum, is refined into a mineral source pesticide after emulsification, and has the characteristics of low toxicity, no resistance, broad control spectrum and environmental friendliness; the herbicide, the mineral oil and the green-returning fertilizer are uniformly mixed according to the dosage, and then uniformly spread in a paddy field and a water layer for 6 days.
(4) Foliage fertilizer
Spraying a liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (350-0-0) 300 ml/mu, 0.004% 28-surface high brassinolide aqueous solution 20 ml/mu, a 30% thifluzamide suspending agent 15 g/mu and 2.2% avermectin emulsion 30 ml/mu in a rice jointing-booting period, and adding water 40L/mu for foliage spraying; during spraying, the spraying is carried out after 4 pm points of sunny, windless or breeze; if precipitation is needed to be carried out after spraying for 1-4 hours;
spraying 100 g/mu of monopotassium phosphate, 0.004% of 28-surface high brassinolide aqua 20 ml/mu, and adding 20-30L/mu of water to the rice in the lactation period for foliage spraying; during spraying, the spraying is carried out after 4 pm points of sunny, windless or breeze; and (3) after spraying, if precipitation is needed, carrying out supplementary spraying 1-4 hours.
Example 12
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-yield planting method for transplanted rice in a tidal flat saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Soil arrangement
The saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum prepared in example x of 500 kg/mu is uniformly spread over 12 days before rice transplanting after harvesting of the previous crop, and rotary tillage is carried out
Pouring water for 1 time at a depth of 15-20cm, and keeping soil moisture; after 9 days, uniformly broadcasting a fertilizer bag special for the saline-alkali soil rice by 40 kg/mu, carrying out rotary tillage, and then watering, and maintaining the height of a water layer to be 3-5cm;
(2) Root dipping treatment
Before rice transplanting, placing the root system of the rice seedling in 500-time diluent of the root dipping agent prepared in the embodiment x, taking out the rice seedling after about 5S, and performing transplanting operation;
(3) Soil pesticide fertilizer
After 4-6 days of rice transplanting, dressing a special fertilizer for returning green fertilizer 15 kg/mu, mineral oil 20ml and herbicide 20 g/mu; the special fertilizer for turning green is 30-0-5 high tower compound fertilizer, and preferably ammonium nitrogen: amide nitrogen 1:1; the herbicide is oxyfluorfen and iprovalicarb, and is 50% wettable powder compounded by oxyfluorfen and iprovalicarb; the mineral oil is a specific component fractionated from petroleum, is refined into a mineral source pesticide after emulsification, and has the characteristics of low toxicity, no resistance, broad control spectrum and environmental friendliness; the herbicide, the mineral oil and the green-returning fertilizer are uniformly mixed according to the dosage, and then uniformly spread in a paddy field and a water layer for 6 days.
(4) Foliage fertilizer
Spraying 500 ml/mu of liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (350-0-0) at the stage of jointing and booting rice, 0.004% of 28-surface high brassinolide aqueous solution 20 ml/mu, 30% of thifluzamide suspending agent 25 g/mu and 2.2% of avermectin emulsion 45 ml/mu, and adding water 60L/mu for foliage spraying; during spraying, the spraying is carried out after 4 pm points of sunny, windless or breeze; if precipitation is needed to be carried out after spraying for 1-4 hours;
spraying 100 g/mu of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.004% of 28-surface high brassinolide aqua 20 ml/mu, and adding 30L/mu of water to the rice in the lactation period for foliage spraying; during spraying, the spraying is carried out after 4 pm points of sunny, windless or breeze; and (3) after spraying, if precipitation is needed, carrying out supplementary spraying 1-4 hours.
TABLE 6
| Returning fertilizer | Herbicide | Sustained release nitrogen | Thifluzamide | Adding water | |
| Example 10 | 12.5 | 12.5g | 400ml | 20g | 50 |
| Example 11 | 10 | 15 | 300 | 15 | 40 |
| Example 12 | 15 | 20 | 500 | 25 | 60 |
TABLE 7
The data prove that the method can increase the effective spike per mu of the rice, delay the function She Zaocui, prolong the grouting time, promote the accumulation and transportation of photosynthetic products, synergistically promote the increase of the dry matter accumulation amount, the single spike grain number and thousand grain weight, and improve the fruiting rate. The two are coordinated, so that the yield is increased, and lodging and low-temperature freezing injury in the later stage can be reduced.
Claims (10)
1. The high-yield planting method for the transplanted rice in the tidal flat saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Soil finishing: before rice transplanting, broadcasting a saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum on the saline-alkali soil, and carrying out rotary tillage; after a period of time, broadcasting a special fertilizer packet for the saline-alkali soil rice on the saline-alkali soil treated by the soil remediation microbial inoculum;
(2) Root dipping treatment: before rice transplanting, placing the root systems of the rice seedlings in a root dipping agent diluent, taking out the rice seedlings, and performing transplanting operation;
(3) Soil application fertilizer: after rice transplanting, dressing a special fertilizer for returning green fertilizer, mineral oil and herbicide;
(4) Foliage fertilizer: spraying liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, 28-surface high brassinolide aqueous agent, thifluzamide suspending agent and abamectin emulsion on leaf surfaces in the period of jointing and booting rice; in the period of rice milk ripeness, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 28-surface high brassinolide aqueous solution are sprayed on leaf surfaces.
2. The high-yield planting method of the transplanted rice in the tidal flat saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of kitchen aerobic fermentation product, 20-30 parts of triple superphosphate, 10-20 parts of peat humic acid, 10-20 parts of modified yellow phosphorus slag and 0.05-0.1 part of functional microbial inoculum.
3. The high-yield planting method for the transplanted rice in the tidal flat saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, wherein the saline-alkali soil restoration microbial inoculum comprises 30% -40% of easily-oxidizable organic substances, 15% of crude proteins, 10% of hydrolyzed amino acids, 10% of crude grease and 3.5-4.5 of pH in a kitchen aerobic fermentation product.
4. The method for high-yield planting of rice transplanted in tidal flat saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, wherein the functional microbial agents are bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus mucilaginosus.
5. The high-yield planting method of transplanted rice in tidal flat saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, wherein the modified yellow phosphorus slag is obtained by the following method: crushing yellow phosphorus slag; uniformly spraying citric acid solution on the yellow phosphorus slag powder and standing for a period of time; drying and crushing the treated yellow phosphorus slag to obtain the modified yellow phosphorus slag.
6. The high-yield planting method of paddy rice planted in tidal flat saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the special fertilizer for paddy rice in saline-alkali soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15-30 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-30 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.1-0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.5 part of boric acid and 0.05-0.2 part of nitrification inhibitor.
7. The high-yield planting method of transplanted rice in tidal flat saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the root dipping agent comprises the following components by weight: 30-50 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 30-50 parts of compound amino acid powder, 20-30 parts of algal polysaccharide, 5-10 parts of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.001-0.05 part of indolebutyric acid and 0.001-0.05 part of alpha-sodium naphthalene acetate.
8. The high-yield planting method for the transplanted rice in the tidal flat saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the herbicide is uniformly mixed according to the dosage of 10-15 kg/mu, the mineral oil is 20 ml/mu and the turning green fertilizer is 15-0.20 g/mu, and then the mixture is uniformly spread in a rice field.
9. The high-yield planting method of paddy rice transplanted in tidal flat saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is 300-500 ml/mu, 0.004% 28-surface high brassinolide aqueous solution is 20 ml/mu, 30% thifluzamide suspending agent is 15-25 g/mu and 2.2% avermectin emulsion is 30-45 ml/mu, and water is added to 40-60L/mu for foliar spraying.
10. The high-yield planting method for transplanted rice in tidal flat saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), in the rice lactation period, 100 g/mu of monopotassium phosphate, 0.004% of 28-surface high brassinolide aqueous solution 20 ml/mu and 20-30L/mu of water are added for foliage spraying.
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