CN116413474A - Pulling force type flow velocity and flow direction detection device and method - Google Patents
Pulling force type flow velocity and flow direction detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116413474A CN116413474A CN202310685156.7A CN202310685156A CN116413474A CN 116413474 A CN116413474 A CN 116413474A CN 202310685156 A CN202310685156 A CN 202310685156A CN 116413474 A CN116413474 A CN 116413474A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003895 groundwater pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/02—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer
- G01P5/04—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer using deflection of baffle-plates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tension type flow velocity and flow direction detection device and method, wherein the detection device comprises a rotating plate, a force measuring unit, a rotatable crawler belt and a rigid rod piece, the rotating plate is arranged on the rotatable crawler belt through a rotating shaft, the force measuring unit is arranged on the rotatable crawler belt, the force measuring unit is connected with the rotating plate through the rigid rod piece, and the force measuring unit is used for collecting force signals when the rotatable crawler belt rotates. According to the invention, through the force signals of the rotating plates at different angles in water flow, the vertical direction of the position of the rotating plate corresponding to the maximum force signal is selected as the water flow direction, and the caterpillar bands at different rotation speeds rotate in the water flow to acquire the force signals detected by the force measuring unit, and the rotation speed of the caterpillar band corresponding to the force signals reaching 0 is used as the water flow speed, so that the flow speed and the flow direction of the water flow can be rapidly detected, the operation is simple, and the accuracy is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogeologic parameter testing, in particular to a tension type flow velocity and flow direction detection device and method.
Background
Groundwater seepage is widely required in many fields of hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology. The underground water seepage analogy is an constitutive equation of hydrogeology science, and is the key point of underground water science research. Groundwater seepage is also often the main cause of geological disasters in the engineering geological field, such as landslide, debris flow, ground collapse and dam foundation piping seepage. Groundwater seepage causes soil solute transport and water-soluble pollutant diffusion, and is also an influencing factor for soil and groundwater pollution remediation. As described above, as the main characteristic parameters for describing the underground water seepage field, the real-time monitoring of the underground water flow velocity is significant and the application field is wide.
In the prior art, high-precision instruments and equipment are mainly adopted for detection, such as a flow rate sensor and other related equipment are used for detection, the flow rate sensor is also required to be provided with corresponding other installation equipment, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tension type flow velocity and flow direction detection device and method, which are used for solving the technical problems in the background technology.
Therefore, the invention provides a tension type flow velocity and flow direction detection device and method, and the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
according to a first technical scheme of the invention, a tension type flow velocity and flow direction detection device is provided, the detection device comprises a rotating plate, a force measuring unit, a rotatable crawler and a rigid rod, the rotating plate is mounted on the rotatable crawler through a rotating shaft, the force measuring unit is mounted on the rotatable crawler, the force measuring unit is connected with the rotating plate through the rigid rod, and the force measuring unit is used for collecting force signals when the rotatable crawler rotates.
Further, the force measuring unit comprises a force measuring rod and a pressure sensor, wherein the force measuring rod is installed on the rotatable crawler belt, the pressure sensor is fixedly arranged on the force measuring rod, and the pressure sensor is connected with the rigid rod piece.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tensile flow rate and direction detection method, based on the tensile flow rate and direction detection device as described above, the method comprising:
collecting first force signals corresponding to the rotating plates at different angles through the force measuring unit, wherein the vertical direction of the position of the corresponding rotating plate when the first force signals are maximum is the water flow direction;
the direction of the crawler belt is adjusted to be consistent with the water flow direction, so that the moving direction of the rotating plate and the water flow direction are on the same straight line when the crawler belt rotates;
the crawler belt rotates at different rotation speeds, the force measuring unit and the rotating plate rotate along with the crawler belt, and a plurality of second force signals are collected through the force measuring unit;
and in the plurality of second force signals, the rotating speed of the crawler belt corresponding to the second force signal of 0 is the water flow speed.
Further, in the plurality of second force signals, when the rotational speed of the track is greater than the water flow speed, the second force signals are pressure signals.
Further, in the plurality of second force signals, when the rotational speed of the track is less than the water flow speed, the second force signals are tension signals.
Further, the crawler belt rotates at different rotation speeds, the dynamometer unit and the rotating plate rotate along with the crawler belt, and a plurality of second force signals are collected through the dynamometer unit; among the plurality of second force signals, the rotational speed of the crawler belt corresponding to the initial value of the second force signal is the water flow speed, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the crawler belt rotates at a first rotation speed, the force measuring unit and the rotating plate rotate along with the crawler belt, and a second force signal is acquired through the force measuring unit;
if the second force signal is a pressure signal, gradually reducing the first rotating speed until the second force signal is 0, wherein the current first rotating speed is the water flow speed;
if the second force signal is a tension signal, the first rotating speed is gradually increased until the second force signal is 0, and the current first rotating speed is the water flow speed.
Further, if the second force signal is a pressure signal, the first rotation speed is gradually reduced according to a preset first value.
Further, if the second force signal is a tension signal, the first rotation speed is gradually increased according to a preset first value.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the tension type flow speed and flow direction detection device and method provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the force signals of the rotating plates at different angles in water flow, the vertical direction of the position of the rotating plate corresponding to the maximum force signal is selected as the water flow direction, the crawler belts at different rotation speeds rotate in the water flow to obtain the force signals detected by the force measuring unit, and the rotation speed of the crawler belt corresponding to the force signals reaching the initial value is used as the water flow speed, so that the flow speed and flow direction of the water flow can be rapidly detected.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a groundwater flow speed detecting device according to embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a groundwater flow speed detecting device according to embodiment 1 of the invention when having a motor.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing a pull-type flow rate and direction detection method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing a pull-type flow rate and direction detection method according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a rotating plate; 2. a force measuring unit; 201. a force measuring rod; 202. a pressure sensor; 3. a track; 4. a rigid rod member; 5. a rotating shaft; 6. and a motor.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1: the embodiment of the invention provides a tension type flow velocity and flow direction detection device, as shown in fig. 1, the detection device comprises a rotating plate 1, a force measuring unit 2, a rotatable crawler belt 3 and a rigid rod 4, wherein the rotating plate 1 is arranged on the rotatable crawler belt 3 through a rotating shaft 5, the force measuring unit 2 is arranged on the rotatable crawler belt 3, the force measuring unit 2 is connected with the rotating plate 1 through the rigid rod 4, and the force measuring unit 2 is used for collecting force signals when the rotatable crawler belt 3 rotates.
In the above structure, the detection device is firstly placed in the water flow corresponding to the detection requirement, and is particularly suitable for underground water flow, the force signals of the rotating plate 1 with different angles in the water flow are collected through the force measuring unit 2, the vertical direction of the position of the rotating plate corresponding to the maximum force signal is selected as the water flow direction, the crawler belt 3 with different rotating speeds rotates in the water flow to obtain the force signal detected by the force measuring unit 2, and the rotating speed of the crawler belt corresponding to the initial value of the force signal is used as the water flow speed, so that the flow speed and the flow direction of the water flow can be detected rapidly.
It should be noted that, the rotating shaft 5 may be rotatably mounted on the rotatable track 3 to facilitate the adjustment of the angle of the rotating plate 1, or as shown in fig. 2, a motor 6 may be disposed on the track 3, and the rotating shaft 5 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 6, so as to change the angle of the rotating plate 1 by the operation of the motor 6.
In some embodiments, the force measuring unit 2 includes a force measuring rod 201 and a pressure sensor 202, the force measuring rod 201 is mounted on the rotatable track 3, the pressure sensor 202 is fixedly disposed on the force measuring rod 201, and the pressure sensor 202 is connected to the rigid rod 4.
It should be noted that the force measuring unit 2 described in this embodiment is only an example, and any commercially available force measuring sensor that can collect a stress signal may be used in the implementation.
Example 2: an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a tensile flow rate and a flow direction, which is based on the tensile flow rate and flow direction detecting device described in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3, and includes:
step S201, collecting first force signals corresponding to the rotating plate under different angles through the force measuring unit, wherein the vertical direction of the position of the rotating plate corresponding to the maximum first force signal is the water flow direction.
The specific way of adjusting the angle of the rotating plate can be to manually adjust the rotating shaft or adjust the rotating plate by using a motor so as to enable the rotating plate to be at different angles. In particular, a processor may be provided to receive the first force signal of the force measuring unit, and to record the corresponding angle simultaneously when the corresponding first force signal is acquired, so that the vertical direction of the position of the rotating plate corresponding to the maximum first force signal can be directly calculated as the water flow direction.
When the water flow direction is perpendicular to the rotating plate, the force applied to the rotating plate is maximum, so that the first force signal collected by the force measuring unit is maximum, and the perpendicular direction of the position of the rotating plate corresponding to the maximum first force signal is taken as the water flow direction.
For a specific determination of the direction, the angle of rotation of the rotary plate can be adjusted by means of a motor, for example, on the basis of the initial position of the rotary plateθAnd record the first force signal F at the corresponding rotation angle 1 The angle between the vertical direction of the rotation plate and the initial position of the rotation plate can be defined as pi/2-θ+2kPi, wherekIs a natural number.
In step S202, the direction of the crawler belt is adjusted to be consistent with the water flow direction, so that the moving direction of the rotating plate and the water flow direction are on the same straight line when the crawler belt rotates.
Step S203, rotating the crawler belt at different rotation speeds, wherein the force measuring unit and the rotating plate rotate along with the crawler belt, and acquiring a plurality of second force signals through the force measuring unit.
In step S204, among the plurality of second force signals, the rotational speed of the track corresponding to the second force signal being 0 is the water flow speed.
The step can be executed by the processor, the data receiving and processing function of the processor is utilized to receive a plurality of second force signals, the rotating speed of the crawler belt corresponding to the second force signals with initial values is selected as the water flow speed, and the flow speed value can be rapidly obtained.
In some embodiments, the second force signal is a pressure signal when the rotational speed of the track is greater than the water flow speed.
In some embodiments, the second force signal is a tension signal when the rotational speed of the track is less than the water flow speed.
The test is illustratively carried out in running water of known water flow speed, which is 1m/s, based on the procedure described above, in which the rotation direction of the track is made to coincide with the water flow direction, i.e. the direction of movement of the rotating plate moving over the track remains the same as the water flow direction when the track is turned around. The experimental results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water flow Rate test experiment data
As shown in table 1, the positive and negative values of the second force signal represent the tension signal and the compression signal, respectively, that is, represent the stress direction of the rotating plate. The caterpillar band is enabled to work for a period of time under the same rotating speed, as the rotating plate is in rotary motion, two stable pressure signals are measured, namely, two stable force signals acquired in the process of the rotating plate in linear motion are taken as second force signals, in other states, such as force signals in the rotating process of the rotating plate, the time of the whole rotary motion is shorter, and the force signals in the process have no meaning on the detection of the flow velocity, so that the force signals in the process are not adopted. The second force signal on the left side below the corresponding rotational speed in table 1 is the value of the second force signal collected by the force measuring unit in forward flow, and the second force signal on the right side is the value of the second force signal collected by the force measuring unit in reverse flow.
According to the table 1, when the rotation speed of the track is consistent with the water flow speed, the rotation plate is consistent with the water flow speed for a certain period of time, namely, is relatively static, and is not affected by the water flow pressure at the moment, so that when the rotation plate is not stressed, the second force signal is 0, the water flow speed can be determined according to the rotation speed of the track, and the detection of the water flow speed is realized.
Example 3: the embodiment of the invention provides a tensile flow velocity and flow direction detection method, which is based on the tensile flow velocity and flow direction detection device described in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 4, and comprises the following steps:
step S301, collecting first force signals corresponding to the rotating plate under different angles by the force measuring unit, wherein the vertical direction of the position of the rotating plate corresponding to the maximum first force signal is the water flow direction.
In this step, the specific manner of adjusting the angle of the rotating plate may be to manually adjust the rotating shaft, or to adjust the rotating plate by using a motor, so that the rotating plate is at different angles. In the specific embodiment, a processor can be further configured to receive the first force signal of the force measuring unit, and record the corresponding angle simultaneously when the corresponding first force signal is acquired, so that the vertical direction of the position of the rotating plate corresponding to the maximum first force signal can be directly calculated as the water flow direction.
In step S302, the direction of the crawler belt is adjusted to be consistent with the water flow direction, so that the moving direction of the rotating plate and the water flow direction are on the same straight line when the crawler belt rotates.
Step S303, enabling the crawler belt to rotate at a first rotation speed, enabling the force measuring unit and the rotating plate to rotate along with the crawler belt, and collecting a second force signal through the force measuring unit.
After performing step S303, steps S304 and S305 are performed according to the properties of the force signal detected by the force measuring unit, including the tension signal and the pressure signal. When the rotating speed of the crawler belt is larger than the water flow speed, the second force signal is a pressure signal, and when the rotating speed of the crawler belt is smaller than the water flow speed, the second force signal is a tension signal.
Step S304, if the second force signal is a pressure signal, the first rotation speed is gradually reduced until the second force signal is 0, and the current first rotation speed is the water flow speed.
In some embodiments, if the second force signal is a pressure signal, the first rotational speed is gradually reduced according to a preset first value.
In step S305, if the second force signal is a tension signal, the first rotation speed is gradually increased until the second force signal is 0, and the current first rotation speed is the water flow speed.
In some embodiments, if the second force signal is a tension signal, the first rotational speed is gradually increased according to a preset first value.
Illustratively, the test was performed in running water of known water flow rate, the water flow rate of the running water being 1m/s, based on the procedure described above, and experimental tests were performed. In this experimental test, the track was rotated at a random rotational speed. For example, the first rotational speed of 0.5m/s is used for a period of time, the value of the second force signal collected at this time is 10.4N and-30.3N, the value of the second force signal collected by the force measuring unit when the rotating plate moves in the reverse direction is generally considered as the value of the second force signal collected by the force measuring unit, the value of the second force signal with smaller absolute value is used as the second force signal, i.e. the second force signal is the pulling force signal at this time, the first rotational speed is gradually increased, the first rotational speed is increased gradually according to a preset first value, wherein the preset first value is preset, and is determined according to the accuracy of the water flow speed to be measured, for example, when the water flow speed is 1m/s, the first value can be set to 0.1, 0.05, 0.01 and the like, and the embodiment is not particularly limited herein. Taking the first value of 0.1m/s as an example, the first rotating speed is gradually increased, when the first rotating speed is increased to 0.8m/s, the value of the second force signal is 4.3N, when the first rotating speed is increased to 1.0m/s, the value of the second force signal is 0N, and the current first rotating speed of 1.0m/s is determined to be the water flow speed.
Similarly, when the first rotational speed of the track for starting is greater than the water flow speed, for example, the first rotational speed is 1.5, the value of the collected second force signal is-10N and-50.2N, the absolute value of the second force signal is smaller, that is, -10N, the second force signal is the pressure signal, the first rotational speed is greater than the water flow speed, at this time, the first rotational speed can be reduced according to a preset first value, and similarly, the preset first value is determined according to the accuracy of the water flow speed to be detected. Taking the first value of 0.05m/s as an example, the first rotating speed is gradually increased, when the first rotating speed is reduced to 0.8m/s, the value of the second force signal is-4.0N, when the second rotating speed is reduced to 1.0m/s, the value of the second force signal is 0N, and the current first rotating speed of 1.0m/s is determined to be the water flow speed.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore, all equivalent technical solutions are also within the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The tension type flow velocity and flow direction detection device is characterized by comprising a rotating plate, a force measuring unit, a rotatable crawler and a rigid rod piece, wherein the rotating plate is installed on the rotatable crawler through a rotating shaft, the force measuring unit is installed on the rotatable crawler, the force measuring unit is connected with the rotating plate through the rigid rod piece, and the force measuring unit is used for collecting force signals when the rotatable crawler rotates.
2. The tension type flow velocity and direction detection device according to claim 1, wherein the force measuring unit comprises a force measuring rod and a pressure sensor, the force measuring rod is mounted on the rotatable crawler belt, the pressure sensor is fixedly arranged on the force measuring rod, and the pressure sensor is connected with the rigid rod.
3. A pull-type flow rate and direction detection method, characterized in that, based on the pull-type flow rate and direction detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, the method comprises:
collecting first force signals corresponding to the rotating plates at different angles through the force measuring unit, wherein the vertical direction of the position of the corresponding rotating plate when the first force signals are maximum is the water flow direction;
the direction of the crawler belt is adjusted to be consistent with the water flow direction, so that the moving direction of the rotating plate and the water flow direction are on the same straight line when the crawler belt rotates;
the crawler belt rotates at different rotation speeds, the force measuring unit and the rotating plate rotate along with the crawler belt, and a plurality of second force signals are collected through the force measuring unit;
and in the plurality of second force signals, the rotating speed of the crawler belt corresponding to the second force signal of 0 is the water flow speed.
4. A pull-type flow rate and direction detection method according to claim 3, wherein among the plurality of second force signals, when the rotational speed of the crawler belt is greater than the water flow rate, the second force signal is a pressure signal.
5. The pull-type flow rate and direction detection method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second force signal is a pull-type signal when the rotational speed of the crawler belt is less than the water flow rate among the plurality of second force signals.
6. The tension type flow velocity and direction detection method according to claim 5, wherein the crawler belt rotates at different rotation speeds, the force measuring unit and the rotating plate rotate along with the crawler belt, and a plurality of second force signals are collected through the force measuring unit; among the plurality of second force signals, the rotational speed of the crawler belt corresponding to the initial value of the second force signal is the water flow speed, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the crawler belt rotates at a first rotation speed, the force measuring unit and the rotating plate rotate along with the crawler belt, and a second force signal is acquired through the force measuring unit;
if the second force signal is a pressure signal, gradually reducing the first rotating speed until the second force signal is an initial value, wherein the current first rotating speed is the water flow speed;
if the second force signal is a tension signal, the first rotating speed is gradually increased until the second force signal is an initial value, and the current first rotating speed is the water flow speed.
7. The pull-type flow rate and direction detection method according to claim 6, wherein if the second force signal is a pressure signal, the first rotation speed is gradually reduced according to a preset first value.
8. The pull-type flow rate and direction detection method according to claim 6, wherein if the second force signal is a pull force signal, the first rotation speed is gradually increased according to a preset first value.
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