CN116399178B - Aluminum-based composite foam board and preparation method thereof, and composite bulletproof board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum-based composite foam board and preparation method thereof, and composite bulletproof board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116399178B CN116399178B CN202310402370.7A CN202310402370A CN116399178B CN 116399178 B CN116399178 B CN 116399178B CN 202310402370 A CN202310402370 A CN 202310402370A CN 116399178 B CN116399178 B CN 116399178B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001040 Beta-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 8
- DGUJJOYLOCXENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 DGUJJOYLOCXENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/041—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/046—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
- B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite protective materials, and particularly relates to an aluminum-based composite foam board and a preparation method thereof, and a composite bulletproof board and a preparation method thereof. The composite bulletproof plate provided by the invention has stronger energy absorption and bulletproof performance, when the bullets are prevented from penetrating, the ceramic panel can erode the bullets, the bullets are subjected to plastic deformation by resistance and become flat, and meanwhile, the ceramic panel is subjected to radioactive fragmentation to generate bowl-shaped concave parts; when the ceramic panel is sunken, the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is used as an energy absorption layer to generate plastic deformation, and the hollow ceramic balls and the porous aluminum framework are collapsed to absorb impact energy; because the strength of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is not high, impact force can be transmitted to the metal backboard, and the metal backboard plays a supporting role, so that the energy absorption layer fully plays a role in energy absorption. The strength of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate adopted by the invention is 5-6 times higher than that of the traditional foam material, and the density is only increased by 1.5-2 times, so that the quality of the armor protection plate can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite protective materials, and particularly relates to an aluminum-based composite foam board and a preparation method thereof, and a composite bulletproof board and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The development of anti-armor weapons presents new challenges to armor in a manner that increases the thickness of the armor material to increase the level of defenses that have not been adaptable to the mobility of equipment on contemporary battlefields. This is due to the inherent drawbacks of single material armor, making it difficult to meet the requirements of new armor. For example, ceramic materials have extremely high hardness, but are too brittle and are easily broken; the metal material has better strength and toughness, but relatively poorer hardness and insufficient penetration resistance. The composite idea can effectively combine the advantages of different materials, thereby designing a new material meeting the requirements.
In order to further improve the defensive power of the composite armor and reduce the weight, the metal and nonmetal composite armor is adopted at present, and the number of layers is different from two layers to more layers. The high hardness ceramic panels are effective for abrading bullets and the resulting deformation is typically carried by a rear metal backing plate or other energy absorbing material. Chinese patent CN217585511U discloses a new ballistic armor, wherein the supporting layer and the energy absorbing layer are combined by an adhesive to obtain a ballistic armor, but the ballistic performance is still insufficient, and the layers are easy to separate and collapse.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aluminum-based composite foam board and a preparation method thereof, and a composite bulletproof board and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an aluminum-based composite foam board, which comprises hollow ceramic balls and aluminum alloy filled among the hollow ceramic balls;
the volume percentage of the hollow ceramic balls is 10-60%;
the volume percentage of the aluminum alloy is 40-90%.
Preferably, the hollow ceramic balls are hollow alumina ceramic balls or hollow silicon carbide ceramic balls;
the particle size of the hollow ceramic balls is 0.15-2 mm, and the hollow diameter of the hollow ceramic balls is 0.15-2 mm.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy includes one or both of a 6-series aluminum alloy and a 7-series aluminum alloy.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum-based composite foam board, which comprises the following steps:
arranging the hollow ceramic balls, filling aluminum alloy liquid among the hollow ceramic balls, and then sequentially pressurizing, standing and solidifying to obtain the aluminum-based composite foam board.
Preferably, the pressurizing is performed by adopting a pressing head to press down; the pressing speed of the pressing head is 0.01-0.05 m/s.
Preferably, the hollow ceramic balls are arranged in a mode of uniform square vertex arrangement or uniform regular hexagon vertex arrangement.
The invention also provides a composite bulletproof plate, which comprises a ceramic panel, an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate and a metal backboard which are bonded in sequence;
the thickness ratio of the ceramic panel to the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is 8-15:6-25;
the thickness ratio of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate to the metal backboard is 6-25:1-3;
the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is obtained by seamlessly splicing the aluminum-based composite foam plate obtained by the scheme or the preparation method.
Preferably, the metal backboard comprises an aluminum alloy plate, an alpha titanium alloy plate, a beta titanium alloy plate, an alpha+beta titanium alloy plate or a bulletproof series steel plate;
the ceramic panel comprises one or more of a silicon carbide ceramic plate, a boron carbide ceramic plate and an aluminum oxide ceramic plate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite bulletproof plate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Coating an adhesive on one side of a metal backboard, splicing and placing an aluminum-based composite foam board on the adhesive surface of the metal backboard to obtain an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate, coating the adhesive on the outer surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate, splicing and placing a ceramic piece on the outer adhesive surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate to obtain an elastic-proof board blank;
(2) And pressing the bulletproof plate blank to obtain the composite bulletproof plate.
Preferably, the pressing pressure is 1-5 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10-12 h.
The invention provides an aluminum-based composite foam board. The foamed aluminum is a material with the characteristics of low density, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high energy absorption and the like, but the compression strength of the common foamed aluminum is only 10-20 MPa, and the protection requirement under severe impact cannot be met. According to the invention, the hollow ceramic balls and the aluminum alloy are compounded to obtain the aluminum-based composite foam board, the compression strength reaches 80-120 MPa, and the aluminum-based composite foam board has higher specific strength, specific stiffness and energy absorption than foamed aluminum. When the aluminum-based composite foam board provided by the invention is subjected to strong impact, the hollow ceramic balls are cracked, the aluminum alloy framework is collapsed, and a large amount of impact energy can be absorbed by the hollow ceramic balls and the aluminum alloy framework, so that the protection effect is realized. The density of the aluminum-based metal composite foam material provided by the invention can reach 1.4g/cm 3 The fiber laminated layer and PE material interlayer are different from those commonly used for the traditional armor, but have better high-temperature resistance, longer service life and better recyclability.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum-based composite foam board. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple steps, convenient operation and low production cost.
The invention also provides a composite bulletproof plate. The composite bulletproof plate provided by the invention has stronger energy-absorbing bulletproof performance, and the energy-absorbing bulletproof principle is as follows: firstly, when the bullet is resisted penetration, the high-hardness ceramic panel can erode the bullet, the bullet is subjected to plastic deformation by resistance and becomes flat, and meanwhile, the ceramic panel is subjected to radioactive fragmentation to generate bowl-shaped concave; when the ceramic panel is sunken, the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is used as an energy absorption layer to generate plastic deformation, and the hollow ceramic balls and the porous aluminum framework are collapsed to absorb impact energy; because the strength of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is not high, impact force can be transmitted to the metal backboard, and the metal backboard plays a supporting role, so that the energy absorption layer fully plays a role in energy absorption. The strength of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate adopted by the invention is 5-6 times higher than that of the traditional foam material, and the density is only increased by 1.5-2 times, so that the quality of the armor protection plate can be effectively reduced.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite bulletproof plate. The composite bulletproof plate is obtained through brushing and pressing, has strong operability and has the advantage of large-scale industrial production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite ballistic panel according to the present invention; wherein, the ceramic panel is 1-, the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is 2-and the metal backboard is 3-;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a composite ballistic panel (with the metal back panel removed) prepared in example 1 of the invention; wherein, 4-silicon carbide and 5-aluminum-based composite foam splice plates.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an aluminum-based composite foam board, which comprises hollow ceramic balls and aluminum alloy filled among the hollow ceramic balls;
the volume percentage of the hollow ceramic balls is 10-60%;
the volume percentage of the aluminum alloy is 40-90%.
The aluminum-based composite foam board provided by the invention comprises hollow ceramic balls; the volume percentage of the hollow ceramic balls is 10-60%, preferably 40-60%, more preferably 50%; the hollow ceramic balls are preferably hollow alumina ceramic balls or hollow silicon carbide ceramic balls; the particle diameter of the hollow ceramic balls is preferably 0.15-2 mm, more preferably 0.5-1.5 mm, and even more preferably 1mm; the hollow diameter of the hollow ceramic balls is preferably 0.15 to 2mm, more preferably 0.5 to 1.5mm, and even more preferably 1mm; the hollow ceramic balls are preferably arranged in a uniform square vertex arrangement or a uniform regular hexagon vertex arrangement mode.
The aluminum-based composite foam board provided by the invention comprises aluminum alloy filled among the hollow ceramic balls; the volume percentage of the aluminum alloy is 40-90%, preferably 40-50%, more preferably 50%; the aluminum alloy preferably comprises one or two of 6-series aluminum alloy and 7-series aluminum alloy; the 6-series aluminum alloy is preferably 6082 aluminum alloy; the 7-series aluminum alloy is preferably 7178 aluminum alloy.
The aluminum-based composite foam board provided by the invention is preferably square or hexagonal in shape; the hexagon is preferably a regular hexagon; when the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is square, the side length of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is preferably 95-105 mm, more preferably 98-102 mm, and even more preferably 100mm; when the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is hexagonal, the side length of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is preferably 45-55 mm, more preferably 48-52 mm, and even more preferably 50mm; the thickness of the aluminum-based composite foam sheet is preferably 6 to 25mm, more preferably 10 to 20mm, and even more preferably 15mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum-based composite foam board, which comprises the following steps:
arranging the hollow ceramic balls, filling aluminum alloy liquid among the hollow ceramic balls, and then sequentially pressurizing, standing and solidifying to obtain the aluminum-based composite foam board.
In the invention, the hollow ceramic balls are preferably arranged in a uniform square vertex arrangement or a uniform regular hexagon vertex arrangement.
In the present invention, the alignment is preferably performed in a mold; the shape of the mould is preferably square or hexagonal; the hexagon is preferably a regular hexagon; the arrangement is preferably: the hollow ceramic ball is put into a mould, and the upper surface of the mould is fixed by a metal net. The hollow ceramic balls are prevented from being moved by fixing the hollow ceramic balls through the metal net, and the hollow ceramic balls are ensured to be arranged according to requirements.
In the present invention, the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid is preferably 700 to 710 ℃, more preferably 710 ℃.
In the present invention, the pressurizing is preferably performed by pressing down with a pressing head; the pressing speed of the pressing head is preferably 0.01 to 0.05m/s, more preferably 0.02 to 0.04m/s, and still more preferably 0.03m/s. According to the invention, the aluminum alloy liquid is pressed into the gaps of the hollow ceramic balls by pressurization.
In the present invention, the time for the standing solidification is preferably 5 to 10 minutes, more preferably 7 to 8 minutes.
The invention also provides a composite bulletproof plate, which comprises a ceramic panel, an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate and a metal backboard which are bonded in sequence;
the thickness ratio of the ceramic panel to the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is 8-15:6-25;
the thickness ratio of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate to the metal backboard is 6-25:1-3;
the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is obtained by seamlessly splicing the aluminum-based composite foam plate obtained by the scheme or the preparation method.
The composite bulletproof plate provided by the invention comprises a ceramic panel; the ceramic panel preferably includes one or more of a silicon carbide ceramic plate, a boron carbide ceramic plate and an aluminum oxide ceramic plate; the shape of the ceramic panel is preferably hexagonal; the ceramic panel preferably has a length of 50mm, and a thickness of 8 to 15mm, more preferably 10 to 14mm.
In the invention, the ceramic panel is preferably obtained by seamlessly splicing ceramic sheets; the shape of the ceramic plate is preferably square or hexagonal; the hexagon is preferably a regular hexagon; when the ceramic sheet is square in shape, the side length of the ceramic sheet is preferably 95-105 mm, more preferably 98-102 mm, and even more preferably 100mm; when the shape of the ceramic plate is hexagonal, the side length of the ceramic plate is preferably 45-55 mm, more preferably 48-52 mm, and even more preferably 50mm; the thickness of the ceramic sheet preferably remains consistent with the ceramic panel.
The composite bulletproof plate provided by the invention comprises an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate; the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is preferably hexagonal; the length and width of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate are preferably consistent with the ceramic panels; the thickness of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is preferably 6 to 25mm, more preferably 10 to 20mm, and even more preferably 15mm.
In the invention, the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is preferably obtained by seamlessly splicing aluminum-based composite foam plates; the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam board is preferably square or hexagonal; the hexagon is preferably a regular hexagon; the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam board is preferably obtained by seamless splicing and then cutting; when the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is square, the side length of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is preferably 95-105 mm, more preferably 98-102 mm, and even more preferably 100mm; when the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is hexagonal, the side length of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is preferably 45-55 mm, more preferably 48-52 mm, and even more preferably 50mm; the thickness of the aluminum-based composite foam sheet preferably remains consistent with the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate.
In the present invention, the thickness ratio of the ceramic panel to the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is preferably 8 to 15:6 to 25, more preferably 9 to 13:10 to 21, and even more preferably 10 to 12:14 to 18.
In the present invention, the ceramic panel and the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate are preferably adhesively bonded by a first adhesive layer; the adhesive used for the first bonding layer preferably comprises silicone structural sealant or epoxy adhesive; the silicone structural sealant is preferably polydimethylsiloxane; the epoxy resin adhesive is preferably bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin.
The composite bulletproof plate provided by the invention comprises a metal backboard; the metal backboard comprises an aluminum alloy plate, an alpha titanium alloy plate, a beta titanium alloy plate, an alpha+beta titanium alloy plate or a bulletproof series steel plate; the aluminum alloy plate is preferably 6082 aluminum alloy plate; the bulletproof series steel plate is preferably PRO500; the metal backboard is preferably a monolithic board; the shape of the metal backboard is preferably square; the length of the metal back plate is preferably 400mm, the width is preferably 400mm, the thickness is preferably 1 to 3mm, more preferably 1.5 to 2.5mm, and even more preferably 2mm.
In the present invention, the thickness ratio of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate to the metal back plate is preferably 6 to 25:1 to 3, more preferably 10 to 20:1 to 2, and still more preferably 14 to 18:1.
In the present invention, the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate and the metal back plate are preferably adhesively bonded by a second adhesive layer; the adhesive used for the second bonding layer preferably comprises silicone structural sealant or epoxy adhesive; the silicone structural sealant is preferably polydimethylsiloxane; the epoxy resin adhesive is preferably bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite bulletproof plate provided by the invention, and it can be seen that the composite bulletproof plate provided by the invention comprises a ceramic panel, an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate and a metal back plate which are sequentially bonded, wherein hollow ceramic balls in the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate are uniformly distributed.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite bulletproof plate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Coating an adhesive on one side of a metal backboard, splicing and placing an aluminum-based composite foam board on the adhesive surface of the metal backboard to obtain an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate, coating the adhesive on the outer surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate, splicing and placing a ceramic piece on the outer adhesive surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate to obtain an elastic-proof board blank;
(2) And pressing the bulletproof plate blank to obtain the composite bulletproof plate.
According to the invention, a metal backboard is coated with an adhesive on one side (marked as first coating), then an aluminum-based composite foam board splice (marked as first splice) is placed on the adhesive surface of the metal backboard to be pressurized (marked as first pressurization) so as to obtain an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate, the outer surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is coated with the adhesive (marked as second coating), and then a ceramic piece splice (marked as second splice) is placed on the outer adhesive surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate to be pressurized (marked as second pressurization) so as to obtain an bulletproof board blank. In the invention, the metal backboard is preferably subjected to sand blasting before being coated with the adhesive on one side; the blasting treatment is preferably: cleaning the surface of the metal backboard, and then purging bauxite fine sand; the surface cleaning is preferably carried out by high-pressure gas; the air pressure of the purge is preferably 0.6 to 1MPa, more preferably 0.7 to 0.9MPa, still more preferably 0.8MPa, and the time is preferably 20 to 40s, more preferably 25 to 35s, still more preferably 30s; the purging device is preferably a pressure-feed type sand blaster; the grain size of the bauxite fine sand is preferably 150 mesh. According to the invention, the metal backboard is subjected to sand blasting treatment, so that the surface of the metal backboard is in a matte state, and the purpose that the surface is not reflective is achieved.
In the present invention, the metal back plate is preferably surface-flattened before sand blasting. The metal backboard is leveled, so that the subsequent gluing is facilitated.
In the present invention, the adhesive used for the first coating preferably includes a silicone structural sealant or an epoxy adhesive; the silicone structural sealant is preferably polydimethylsiloxane; the epoxy resin adhesive is preferably bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin; the coating amount of the first coating is preferably 0.4 to 0.6mm, more preferably 0.5mm; the first coating is preferably applied by brushing.
In the present invention, the thickness of the aluminum-based composite foam sheet is preferably 9.8 to 10.2mm, more preferably 10mm; the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam board is preferably square or hexagonal; the hexagon is preferably a regular hexagon; the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam board is preferably obtained by seamless splicing and then cutting; when the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is square, the side length of the aluminum-based composite foam plate is preferably 95-105 mm, more preferably 98-102 mm, and even more preferably 100mm; when the shape of the aluminum-based composite foam sheet is hexagonal, the side length of the aluminum-based composite foam sheet is preferably 45 to 55mm, more preferably 48 to 52mm, and still more preferably 50mm.
In the invention, the aluminum-based composite foam board is preferably subjected to surface leveling before being spliced and placed. According to the thickness of the energy absorption layer, the surface of the prepared aluminum-based composite foam board is processed smoothly, so that the aluminum-based composite foam board is favorable for firm splicing and bonding.
In the invention, the first splicing mode is preferably seamless splicing; the pressure of the first pressurization is preferably 2 to 3MPa, more preferably 2.5MPa, and the dwell time is preferably 6 to 8 hours, more preferably 7 hours.
In the present invention, the adhesive used for the second coating preferably includes a silicone structural sealant or an epoxy adhesive; the silicone structural sealant is preferably polydimethylsiloxane; the epoxy resin adhesive is preferably bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin; the coating amount of the second coating is preferably 0.4 to 0.6mm, more preferably 0.5mm; the second coating is preferably applied by brushing.
In the present invention, the thickness of the ceramic sheet is preferably 9.5 to 10.5mm, more preferably 10mm; the shape of the ceramic plate is preferably square or hexagonal; the hexagon is preferably a regular hexagon; when the ceramic sheet is square in shape, the side length of the ceramic sheet is preferably 95-105 mm, more preferably 98-102 mm, and even more preferably 100mm; when the ceramic plate is hexagonal in shape, the side length of the ceramic plate is preferably 45 to 55mm, more preferably 48 to 52mm, and even more preferably 50mm.
In the invention, the ceramic plates are preferably subjected to sand blasting before being spliced and placed; the blasting treatment is preferably: cleaning the surface of the ceramic wafer and then purging bauxite fine sand; the surface cleaning is preferably carried out by high-pressure gas; the air pressure of the purge is preferably 0.6 to 1MPa, more preferably 0.7 to 0.9MPa, still more preferably 0.8MPa, and the time is preferably 20 to 40s, more preferably 25 to 35s, still more preferably 30s; the purging device is preferably a pressure-fed sandblasting machine. According to the invention, the ceramic wafer is subjected to sand blasting treatment, so that the surface of the ceramic wafer is in a matte state, and the purpose that the surface is not reflective is achieved.
In the invention, the second splicing mode is preferably seamless splicing; the pressure of the second pressurization is preferably 2 to 3MPa, more preferably 2.5MPa, and the dwell time is preferably 6 to 8 hours, more preferably 7 hours.
After the bulletproof plate blank is obtained, the bulletproof plate blank is pressed to obtain the composite bulletproof plate. In the present invention, the pressing pressure is preferably 1 to 5MPa, more preferably 2 to 4MPa, further preferably 3MPa, and the dwell time is preferably 10 to 12 hours, more preferably 11 hours; the pressing is preferably carried out at room temperature.
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples to further illustrate the invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A composite bulletproof plate comprises a ceramic plate, an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate and a metal backboard, wherein 3 layers of plates are combined by bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin adhesive;
the ceramic plate is a pressureless sintered pure silicon carbide plate, the size is 100 multiplied by 10mm, and the ceramic plate is bonded in a seamless splicing mode;
the preparation method of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate comprises the following steps: placing 50% of hollow ceramic balls with volume content and particle size of 1mm in a square metal mold, fixing the upper surface by adopting a metal net, then adding 6082 aluminum alloy liquid with volume content of 50%, pressing down a pressing head at a speed of 0.05m/s, pressing the metal liquid into gaps of the hollow ceramic balls, standing and solidifying for 10min to obtain an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate with size of 100 multiplied by 10mm;
the metal back plate is 6082 aluminum alloy, the size is 400 multiplied by 2mm, and the metal back plate is bonded in a seamless splicing mode;
the preparation method of the composite bulletproof plate comprises the following steps:
(1) Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surfaces of the silicon carbide and aluminum alloy backboard, and uniformly blowing the surfaces for 30s under a jet gun with the granularity of 1MPa by using bauxite fine sand with the granularity of 150 meshes to enable the surfaces to be in a matte state;
(2) Brushing bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin adhesive with the thickness of 0.5mm on the surface of the aluminum alloy backboard, sequentially and seamlessly placing the aluminum-based composite foam board on the aluminum alloy backboard, and compacting to obtain the composite foam board;
(3) Brushing 1 layer of bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin binder with the thickness of 0.5mm on the surface of the composite foam board, sequentially and seamlessly placing silicon carbide chips on an aluminum-based composite foam splice board, and compacting to obtain an bulletproof board blank;
(4) And pressing the bulletproof plate blank by using a weight of 10kg, and standing for 10 hours to completely solidify to obtain the composite bulletproof plate. And removing the metal backboard of the composite bulletproof plate to obtain the structure in the picture of fig. 2.
The composite bulletproof plate prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is subjected to bulletproof test, and the test method comprises the following steps: target test experiments of 53-type armor-piercing bullets are carried out under the condition of 10m distance range and bullet speed of 879 m/s. The result shows that the composite bulletproof plate only has broken surface silicon carbide ceramic plates, the aluminum-based composite foam energy absorbing plate has pits, but the metal backboard has no damage or deformation, so that the composite bulletproof plate provided by the invention has excellent bulletproof effect.
From the above examples, the composite bulletproof plate provided by the invention has excellent bulletproof effect.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all embodiments of the invention, other embodiments may be obtained according to the present embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A composite bulletproof plate comprises a ceramic panel, an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate and a metal backboard which are bonded in sequence;
the thickness ratio of the ceramic panel to the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is 8-15:6-25;
the thickness ratio of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate to the metal backboard is 6-25:1-3;
the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate is obtained by seamlessly splicing aluminum-based composite foam plates;
the aluminum-based composite foam board comprises hollow ceramic balls and aluminum alloy filled among the hollow ceramic balls;
the volume percentage of the hollow ceramic balls is 10-60%;
the volume percentage of the aluminum alloy is 40-90%;
the particle size of the hollow ceramic balls is 0.15-2 mm, and the hollow diameter of the hollow ceramic balls is 0.15-2 mm;
the preparation method of the aluminum-based composite foam board comprises the following steps:
arranging the hollow ceramic balls, filling aluminum alloy liquid among the hollow ceramic balls, and sequentially pressurizing, standing and solidifying to obtain an aluminum-based composite foam board;
the hollow ceramic balls are arranged in a mode of uniform square vertex arrangement or uniform regular hexagon vertex arrangement;
the metal backboard comprises an aluminum alloy plate, an alpha titanium alloy plate, a beta titanium alloy plate, an alpha+beta titanium alloy plate or a bulletproof series steel plate;
the ceramic panel comprises one or more of a silicon carbide ceramic plate, a boron carbide ceramic plate and an aluminum oxide ceramic plate;
the preparation method of the composite bulletproof plate comprises the following steps:
(1) Coating an adhesive on one side of a metal backboard, splicing and placing an aluminum-based composite foam board on the adhesive surface of the metal backboard to obtain an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate, coating the adhesive on the outer surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate, splicing and placing a ceramic piece on the outer adhesive surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate to obtain an elastic-proof board blank;
(2) Pressing the bulletproof plate blank to obtain a composite bulletproof plate;
the pressing pressure is 1-5 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10-12 h.
2. The composite ballistic panel of claim 1 wherein the hollow ceramic spheres are hollow alumina ceramic spheres or hollow silicon carbide ceramic spheres.
3. The composite ballistic panel of claim 1 wherein the aluminum alloy comprises one or both of a 6-series aluminum alloy and a 7-series aluminum alloy.
4. The composite ballistic panel of claim 1 wherein the method of making the aluminum-based composite foam panel comprises the steps of:
arranging the hollow ceramic balls, filling aluminum alloy liquid among the hollow ceramic balls, and sequentially pressurizing, standing and solidifying to obtain an aluminum-based composite foam board;
the hollow ceramic balls are arranged in a mode of uniform square vertex arrangement or uniform regular hexagon vertex arrangement.
5. The composite ballistic panel of claim 4 wherein the pressurization is by a ram; the pressing speed of the pressing head is 0.01-0.05 m/s.
6. The method for producing a composite bulletproof plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Coating an adhesive on one side of a metal backboard, splicing and placing an aluminum-based composite foam board on the adhesive surface of the metal backboard to obtain an aluminum-based composite foam splice plate, coating the adhesive on the outer surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate, splicing and placing a ceramic piece on the outer adhesive surface of the aluminum-based composite foam splice plate to obtain an elastic-proof board blank;
(2) Pressing the bulletproof plate blank to obtain a composite bulletproof plate;
the pressing pressure is 1-5 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10-12 h.
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