CN116250421A

CN116250421A - Green manure seed collection method

Info

Publication number: CN116250421A
Application number: CN202310322471.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 覃杨华; 何明菊; 张璐; 张远飞; 黄树生; 农珍玉; 黄武杰
Original assignee: Nanning Soil And Fertilizer Station
Current assignee: Nanning Soil And Fertilizer Station
Priority date: 2023-03-29
Filing date: 2023-03-29
Publication date: 2023-06-13

Abstract

The invention provides a green manure seed collection method, and belongs to the technical field of seed harvesting methods. The green manure seed collection method comprises the following steps: s1: after the green manure seeds are ripe, harvesting the green manure seeds together with the stalks, and sun-drying the green manure seeds in the sun; s2: crushing the sun-dried green manure seeds and the straws by using a seed collecting device, and separating the seeds from the crushed straws; s3: the seeds are sieved again, and the sieved seeds are collected separately from the impurities. According to the invention, the sun-dried green manure seeds and the straws are crushed through the cutting mechanism and the crushing mechanism, then the seeds are separated from the crushed straws through the separating mechanism, the seeds are screened again through the screening mechanism, the screened seeds and the impurities are collected separately and stored in the storage mechanism, and the green manure seeds without impurities can be obtained by collecting the seeds through the method, so that the utilization rate of green manure crops is greatly improved.

Description

Green manure seed collection method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of seed harvesting methods, and particularly relates to a green manure seed collection method.

Background

Green manure (greenmanure) is a fertilizer made from green plants. Green manure is a biological fertilizer source with complete nutrients. The green manure is not only an effective method for increasing fertilizer sources, but also has great effect on improving soil. However, reasonable application is necessary to fully exert the yield increasing effect of the green manure.

Green manure can provide rich nutrients for soil. Tender stems and leaves of various green manure contain rich nutrients, and once decomposed in soil, the organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and various microelements in the soil can be greatly increased. Every thousand kg of green manure fresh grass can generally supply 6.3 kg of nitrogen, 1.3 kg of phosphorus, 5 kg of potassium, which is equivalent to 13.7 kg of urea, 6 kg of calcium superphosphate and 10 kg of potassium sulfate. The green manure is mainly leguminous crops such as milk vetch, alfalfa, sweet clover, tamarix, sesbania, broad beans, amorpha fruticosa and the like; non-leguminous crops include rape, field radish, buckwheat, etc., and various aquatic green manure. After the green fertilizer crops grow for a certain period, the green stems and leaves of the green fertilizer crops are cut off and directly turned into the soil, so that the labor can be saved, the transportation cost can be reduced, and the retting soil fertilizer can be applied. The green manure contains various nutrients and a large amount of organic matters, can improve the soil structure, promote the soil curing and strengthen the soil fertility.

Because the reproductive capacity of green manure crops is very strong, the green manure crops can self-crowd, for example, the green manure crops such as the astragalus sinicus flowers in 2-6 months and the results in 3-7 months each year, the green manure crops such as the astragalus sinicus self-fall into the soil, young seedlings grow in 9 months, the green manure flowers in the second year, seeds are grown and the years are continued, therefore, the prior astragalus sinicus is generally not harvested after being planted and matured, although the astragalus sinicus can play the effect of green manure in the soil, the seeds of the astragalus sinicus cannot be recycled and sowed again, the value of the astragalus sinicus is not effectively utilized, and the seeds produced by the astragalus sinicus are too dense in the soil, so that the waste of the seeds is caused.

The application patent with publication number of CN112293054A discloses a portable grass seed harvesting device and a using method thereof, wherein a roller brush type threshing machine mainly aims at collecting grassy plants, seeds on the grassy plants can be swept down by driving a roller brush to rotate through a central shaft, and the damage to the seeds can be reduced to the greatest extent by proper rotation speed. The seed collecting bag can collect the seeds which are swept down from the roller brush thresher, the collecting cloth bag can be disassembled, and finally the seeds which fall down in the collecting bag are taken out from the collecting bag. The axial flow fan is mainly used for collecting the flocculent seeds of the grassland plants in the Compositae, and the flocculent seeds can be sucked into the seed collecting net bags through proper wind speed of the axial flow fan. The seed collecting net bag is detachable, so that the collected seeds of the asteraceae family can be conveniently taken out. This patent, although being convenient for collecting seeds of herbaceous plants, does not perform a sieving function of seeds and impurities, and thus, it is required to provide a seed collecting device having a sieving function.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art by providing a green manure seed collection method.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

a method of collecting green manure seeds comprising the steps of:

s1: after the green manure seeds are ripe, harvesting the green manure seeds and the continuous stalks by using a seed collecting device, and sun-drying the green manure seeds until the fruit shells are naturally cracked and opened;

s2: crushing the sun-dried green manure seeds and the straws by using a seed collecting device, and separating the seeds from the crushed straws;

s3: sieving the seeds again, and collecting the sieved seeds and impurities separately;

the seed collecting device comprises a seed collecting mechanism and a seed sorting mechanism which are detachably connected; the seed collecting mechanism comprises a cutting mechanism and a crushing mechanism; the seed sorting mechanism comprises a separating mechanism, a screening mechanism and a storage mechanism, and the seed collecting mechanism is used for a cutting and crushing mechanism of seeds; seed sorting mechanisms are used for separation, screening and storage of seeds.

Preferably, the seed collecting mechanism comprises a collecting pipe and a negative pressure fan, the negative pressure fan is arranged in the collecting pipe, the front end of the collecting pipe is provided with a feed inlet, the tail end of the collecting pipe is provided with a discharge outlet, the discharge outlet is connected with a collecting bag, the feed inlet is provided with a mounting frame, a third driving motor and a cutting blade, the cutting blade is arranged on a shaft of the mounting frame, and the cutting blade is driven to rotate by the third driving motor; the collecting pipe is internally provided with a cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism comprises a first driving motor and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is arranged on the collecting pipe through a bearing, and a plurality of cutting blades are arranged on the rotating shaft.

Preferably, an included angle of 30-60 degrees is arranged between the cutting blade and the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the crushing mechanism is arranged in the collecting pipe and is positioned behind the cutting mechanism, the crushing mechanism comprises two groups of grinding rollers and a second driving motor, the second driving motor is connected with a driving wheel, the driving wheel is meshed with a driven wheel, and the driven wheel is connected with a rotating shaft on the grinding rollers. The gap between the two sets of the rolling rollers is larger than the diameter of the seeds.

Preferably, the feed inlet is in a flared horn shape, and the collecting pipe is provided with a handle.

Preferably, the seed sorting mechanism comprises a box body, an interface connected with the collecting pipe is arranged on the box body, and the separator mechanism is arranged in the box body and below a discharge hole of the collecting pipe; the separating mechanism comprises a first filter screen assembly and a second filter screen assembly, the second filter screen assembly is obliquely arranged, and a filter outlet is formed in the inclined end.

Preferably, the pore diameter of the filter screen in the first filter screen assembly is larger than the diameter of the seeds, and the pore diameter of the filter screen in the second filter screen assembly is smaller than the diameter of the seeds.

Preferably, a vibration motor is mounted on the side wall of the separation mechanism, a partition plate is arranged below the separation mechanism, a sliding rail is arranged on the partition plate, a bottom plate in the second filter screen assembly is meshed with the sliding rail through a sliding block, and the vibration motor drives the whole separation mechanism to move on the sliding rail.

Preferably, the material receiving opening of the screening mechanism is arranged below the filtering outlet of the separating mechanism, the screening mechanism comprises a box body, a blower is arranged on one side of the box body, a impurity discharging opening is arranged on the other side of the box body, and a storage mechanism is arranged below the box body.

Preferably, the storage mechanism is provided with a seed collection box and an impurity collection box, the seed collection box is arranged on one side close to the blower, and the impurity collection box is arranged on one side far away from the blower.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention provides a method for collecting green manure seeds by a seed collecting device, which comprises the steps of firstly collecting seeds from the ground by a cutting mechanism and a crushing mechanism in a seed collecting mechanism, crushing seed pods or straws, separating the dried green manure seeds and the straws by a separating mechanism in a seed sorting mechanism, sieving the seeds again by a sieving mechanism, collecting the sieved seeds and impurities separately, and storing the sieved seeds and impurities in a storage mechanism.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the seed harvesting mechanism.

In the figure: 1. a cutting mechanism; 2. a crushing mechanism; 3. a separation mechanism; 4. a screening mechanism; 5. a storage mechanism; 11. a collection pipe; 12. a negative pressure fan; 13. a feed inlet; 14. a discharge port; 15. a first driving motor; 16. a cutting blade; 17. a mounting frame; 18. a third driving motor; 19. cutting off the blade; 20. a collection bag; 21. a roller; 22. a second driving motor; 23. a driving wheel; 31. a first filter screen assembly; 32. a second filter screen assembly; 33. a filter outlet; 34. a connecting plate; 35. a baffle; 36. a vibration motor; 37. a partition plate; 41. a blower; 42. a impurity discharging port; 51. a seed collection box; 52. and an impurity collection box.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "affixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "affixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered as not existing, and not falling within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a green manure seed collection method includes the steps of:

specifically, the green manure seed collecting method is carried out by adopting a seed collecting device, wherein the seed collecting device comprises a seed collecting mechanism and a seed sorting mechanism which are detachably connected; the seed collecting mechanism comprises a cutting mechanism 1 and a crushing mechanism 2; the seed sorting mechanism comprises a separating mechanism 3, a screening mechanism 4 and a storage mechanism 5, wherein the seed collecting mechanism is used for a cutting and crushing mechanism of seeds; seed sorting mechanisms are used for separation, screening and storage of seeds.

During operation, the seed collecting mechanism can be held by hand, green manure seeds are collected from the ground through the cutting mechanism 1 and the crushing mechanism 2 in the seed collecting mechanism, and then the seeds are dried in the sun; the method is characterized in that a seed collecting mechanism is arranged on a box body of a seed sorting mechanism, the sun-dried green manure seeds and straws are crushed, then the seeds are separated from the crushed straws through a separating mechanism 3, the seeds are screened again by a screening mechanism 4, the screened seeds and impurities are collected separately and stored in a storage mechanism 5, the green manure seeds without impurities can be obtained by collecting the seeds by the method, the separated straws can be returned to the field for use, the seeds are convenient for re-sowing, and the utilization rate of green manure crops is greatly improved.

Further, the seed collecting mechanism comprises a collecting pipe 11 and a negative pressure fan 12, the negative pressure fan 12 is arranged in the collecting pipe 11, the negative pressure fan 12 is arranged at one end close to the discharge hole 14, and the negative pressure fan provides larger negative pressure for the collecting pipe when seeds are collected, so that the seeds enter the collecting bag; the front end of the collecting pipe 11 is provided with a feed inlet 13, the tail end is provided with a discharge outlet 14, the discharge outlet 14 is connected with a collecting bag 20, the feed inlet is provided with a mounting frame 17, a third driving motor 18 and a cutting blade 19, the cutting blade is arranged on the shaft of the mounting frame, and the cutting blade is driven to rotate by the third driving motor; the collecting pipe 11 is internally provided with a cutting mechanism 1, the cutting mechanism 1 comprises a first driving motor 15 and a rotating shaft, the first driving motor 15 drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft is arranged on the collecting pipe 11 through a bearing, and a plurality of cutting blades 16 are arranged on the rotating shaft. Preferably, an angle of 30-60 degrees is provided between the cutting blade 16 and the spindle. The feed inlet is outwards expanded horn-shaped, and the collecting pipe is provided with a handle.

The seed collecting mechanism has 2 uses, namely, the seed collecting mechanism is singly used, and green manure seeds are collected in the ground; and secondly, when the seeds are sorted after being dried in the sun, the seeds are connected with a seed sorting mechanism, and the dried seeds and the straws are cut up and crushed. In operation, the negative pressure fan 12 sucks green manure seeds with straw into the collecting pipe 11, and the straw and green manure seeds are chopped by the cutting blade 16 through the cutting mechanism 1.

Further, the crushing mechanism 2 is arranged in the collecting pipe 11 and is positioned behind the cutting mechanism 1, the crushing mechanism 2 comprises two groups of crushing rollers 21 and a second driving motor 22, the second driving motor 22 is connected with a driving wheel 23, the driving wheel 23 is meshed with a driven wheel, and the driving wheel 23 and the driven wheel are respectively connected with rotating shafts on the two groups of crushing rollers 21. The pod seeds are crushed by the crushing roller 21 to peel the seeds off. In order to avoid crushing the seeds, the invention sets the gap between the two sets of said crushing rollers 21 to be larger than the diameter of the seeds.

Further, the seed sorting mechanism comprises a box body, an interface which is in threaded connection with the collecting pipe is arranged on the box body, and the separating mechanism 3 is arranged in the box body and below the discharge hole 14 of the collecting pipe 11; the separating mechanism 3 comprises a first filter screen assembly 31 and a second filter screen assembly 32, the second filter screen assembly 32 is obliquely arranged, and a filter outlet 33 is arranged at the oblique end. The first filter screen subassembly 31 and the second filter screen subassembly 32 are connected through connecting plate 34 and are formed wholly, and first filter screen subassembly 31 and second filter screen subassembly 32 all include the filter screen, be equipped with on the connecting plate 34 and separate shelves 35, the filter screen place in separate shelves 35, can take out the filter screen from the side of box when using and clear up. Preferably, the diameter of the filter screen in the first filter screen assembly 31 is larger than the diameter of the seeds, and impurities such as straw and the like can be left on the first filter screen assembly 31 during sieving, the seeds and the impurities with smaller particle diameters enter the second filter screen assembly 32, the diameter of the filter screen in the second filter screen assembly 32 is smaller than the diameter of the seeds, the impurities with smaller diameter of the seeds are filtered, the seeds are left on the second filter screen assembly 32, and the seeds are discharged from the filter outlet 33.

Further, in order to improve the seed and impurity separating effect of the separating mechanism 3, the invention adopts the vibration motor 36 to drive so as to make the separating mechanism 3 vibrate. The vibration motor 36 is arranged on the side wall of the box body where the separating mechanism 3 is arranged, the partition plate 37 is arranged below the separating mechanism 3, the slide rail is arranged on the partition plate 37, the bottom plate in the second filter screen assembly 32 is meshed with the slide rail through the slide block, and the vibration motor 36 drives the connecting plate 34 to drive the whole separating mechanism 3 to move on the slide rail.

Further, the material receiving opening of the screening mechanism 4 is arranged below the filtering outlet 33 of the separating mechanism 3, the screening mechanism 4 comprises a box body, a blower 41 is arranged on one side of the box body, a impurity discharging opening 42 is arranged on the other side of the box body, and a storage mechanism 5 is arranged below the box body. Preferably, the seed collection tank 51 in the storage mechanism 5 is disposed on a side close to the blower 41, and the impurity collection tank 52 is disposed on a side far from the blower 41. During seed screening, under the action of wind power of the blower 41, seeds falling from the material receiving opening enter the seed collecting box 51, lighter impurities enter the impurity collecting box 52, and lighter impurities are discharged from the impurity discharging opening 42, so that screening of the seeds and the impurities is realized, and pure seeds are obtained.

The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collecting green manure seeds, comprising the steps of:

2. The method for collecting green manure seeds according to claim 1, wherein the seed collecting mechanism comprises a collecting pipe and a negative pressure fan, the negative pressure fan is arranged in the collecting pipe, a feed port is arranged at the front end of the collecting pipe, a discharge port is arranged at the tail end of the collecting pipe, the discharge port is connected with a collecting bag, the feed port is provided with a mounting frame, a third driving motor and a cutting blade, the cutting blade is arranged on a shaft of the mounting frame, and the cutting blade is driven to rotate by the third driving motor; the collecting pipe is internally provided with a cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism comprises a first driving motor and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is arranged on the collecting pipe through a bearing, and a plurality of cutting blades are arranged on the rotating shaft.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the cutting blade is disposed at an angle of 30-60 ° to the axis of rotation.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the crushing mechanism is disposed in the collecting pipe and behind the cutting mechanism, the crushing mechanism comprises two sets of grinding rollers and a second driving motor, the second driving motor is connected with a driving wheel, the driving wheel is meshed with a driven wheel, and the driven wheel is connected with a rotating shaft on the grinding rollers. The gap between the two sets of the rolling rollers is larger than the diameter of the seeds.

5. The method of claim 2 to 4, wherein the inlet is flared and the collection tube is provided with a handle.

6. The method for collecting green manure seeds according to claim 2, wherein the seed sorting mechanism comprises a box body, an interface connected with the collecting pipe is arranged on the box body, and the separator mechanism is arranged in the box body and below a discharge hole of the collecting pipe; the separating mechanism comprises a first filter screen assembly and a second filter screen assembly, the second filter screen assembly is obliquely arranged, and a filter outlet is formed in the inclined end.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first filter assembly has a filter with a filter pore size greater than the seed diameter and the second filter assembly has a filter pore size less than the seed diameter.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein a vibration motor is mounted on a side wall of the separating mechanism, a partition is disposed below the separating mechanism, a slide rail is disposed on the partition, and a bottom plate in the second filter screen assembly is engaged with the slide rail through a slide block, and the vibration motor drives the whole separating mechanism to move on the slide rail.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the material receiving opening of the screening mechanism is disposed below the filtering outlet of the separating mechanism, the screening mechanism comprises a box, one side of the box is provided with a blower, the other side of the box is provided with a trash discharging opening, and the storage mechanism is disposed below the box.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the storage mechanism is provided with a seed collection tank and an impurity collection tank, the seed collection tank being disposed on a side close to the blower, the impurity collection tank being disposed on a side remote from the blower.