CN210120805U - Straw smashing and collecting machine - Google Patents
Straw smashing and collecting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN210120805U CN210120805U CN201920991676.XU CN201920991676U CN210120805U CN 210120805 U CN210120805 U CN 210120805U CN 201920991676 U CN201920991676 U CN 201920991676U CN 210120805 U CN210120805 U CN 210120805U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a straw crushing and collecting machine, which comprises a frame connected with a traction frame and a traction machine, a crushing unit arranged on the frame, a collecting and throwing unit connected with the crushing unit, a power unit connected with an output shaft of the traction machine and a depth wheel positioned at the rear part of the crushing unit, wherein the crushing unit comprises a crushing shaft with a crushing knife and a crushing barrel covered above the crushing shaft, the collecting and throwing unit comprises a group of feed inlets arranged on the crushing barrel, a throwing barrel connected with the crushing barrel by the feed inlets and a centrifugal adsorption fan arranged between the throwing barrel and the feed inlets, the crushing shaft and the fan shaft of the centrifugal adsorption fan are respectively connected with the output end of the power unit, the crushing and collecting machine simplifies the structure, realizes more abundant functions, does not need to independently harvest straws, effectively improves the working efficiency and reduces the farming time.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machine, a straw collector is related to, specifically speaking is a harvester is smashed to straw.
Background
The straws generally refer to the residual parts of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, rape, cotton, sugarcane and other crops after seeds are harvested, more than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, and are multipurpose renewable biological resources, and the straws are also coarse feed. In order to reduce burning pollution and fully utilize the straws, the straws need to be collected in a centralized manner, the manual collection of the straws causes larger workload and high labor intensity for farmers, increases the farming time, even influences the planting time of the crops in the next season, and the difficulty of centralized collection is larger when the straws are scattered in the field. Therefore, straw collectors appear in the market, straws are collected by means of mechanical operation, the existing straw collectors are divided into two types, one type of the existing straw collectors needs to harvest the straws, the harvested straws are fed into a crushing barrel by a feeding device to be crushed, and then the crushed straws are sent out by a discharge hole, the feeding device needs to be arranged independently, the straws in a field cannot be directly collected, and the working efficiency still has a large lifting space; the other type is to directly walk in the field to crush the straws, but the crushed straws are conveyed by a conveying unit such as a packing auger and are thrown by a fan, so the structure is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a to prior art not enough, the utility model provides a harvester is smashed to straw, this smash the harvester and simplified the structure, realized more abundant function, and need not to reap the straw alone, effectively improve work efficiency, reduce and be in good order farming time.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
the utility model provides a harvester is smashed to straw, includes the frame of being connected with the tractor with the help of the traction frame, set up crushing unit in the frame, throw the unit, throw the power pack with the output shaft of tractor and be located the gauge wheel at crushing unit rear with the collection that crushing unit is connected, the key lies in, crushing unit including the crushing axle that has crushing sword and the crushing barrel that the crushing barrel of crushing axle top was located to the cover, the collection throw the unit include a set of feed inlet that sets up on crushing barrel, throw the feed cylinder with the help of feed inlet and crushing barrel are connected and set up the centrifugal adsorption fan between throwing feed cylinder and feed inlet, the fan axle of crushing axle, centrifugal adsorption fan is connected with power unit's output respectively.
The two ends of the crushing barrel are respectively connected with a material throwing barrel, and two sides of the material throwing barrel are respectively provided with a feeding hole.
The area of the throwing port of the throwing cylinder is smaller than that of the feeding port.
The crushing cutter is hinged with the crushing shaft and is spirally arranged on the crushing shaft.
The crushing shaft is provided with a fixed cutter holder, the fixed cutter holder is provided with a group of connecting holes distributed along the axis perpendicular to the crushing shaft, and the crushing cutter is hinged with the crushing shaft by virtue of the connecting holes and has the degree of freedom with adjustable extension length.
The frame on be provided with a set of mounting hole that is the arc and arranges, depth wheel interlude articulated and tip with the help of mounting hole and frame fixed connection with the frame.
The power unit comprises a speed reducer, a universal coupling and a driving wheel which are sequentially arranged along the power transmission direction, and the driving wheel is connected with the crushing shaft and the fan shaft by virtue of a belt.
And universal couplings are respectively arranged on two sides of the speed reducer.
The utility model has the advantages that: the straw can be directly ground by walking in the field without harvesting the straw in advance, so that the labor intensity of manpower is reduced, meanwhile, the ground straw is directly sucked into the throwing cylinder by the centrifugal adsorption fan and thrown out, other conveying devices are not needed, and the components and the structure of the whole machine are simplified; the centrifugal adsorption fan can suck crushed straws away, and can also remove impurities from larger and heavier soil blocks and crushed straws by utilizing centrifugal action, so that the multifunctional straw crushing and collecting machine is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the pulverizing shaft;
in the attached drawing, the device comprises a traction frame 1, a frame 2, a frame 3, a crushing barrel 4, a crushing cutter 5, a crushing shaft 6, a feeding hole 7, a centrifugal adsorption fan 8, a throwing barrel 9, a fan shaft 10, a throwing port 11, a depth wheel 12, a mounting hole 13, a speed reducer 14 and a driving wheel.
Detailed Description
The utility model relates to a harvester is smashed to straw, include with the help of frame 2 that traction frame 1 is connected with the tractor, set up crushing unit in frame 2, throw with the collection that crushing unit is connected send the unit, with the power pack of the output shaft of tractor and be located the gauge wheel 11 at crushing unit rear, the key is, crushing unit locate crushing barrel 3 above crushing shaft 5 including crushing shaft 5 and the cover that has crushing sword 4, the collection throw send the unit including a set of feed inlet 6 that sets up on crushing barrel 3, throw the feed cylinder 8 with the help of feed inlet 6 is connected with crushing barrel 3 and set up in throwing the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 between feed cylinder 8 and feed inlet 6, the fan axle 9 of crushing shaft 5, centrifugal adsorption fan 7 is connected with the output of power pack respectively. The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In the specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, the crushing cylinder 3 is arranged in parallel with the axis of the crushing shaft 5, and the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 is positioned above the crushing cylinder 3, so that the crushed and lifted straws can be conveniently extracted; the discharge hole of the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 is positioned inside the throwing cylinder 8. In the embodiment, two ends of the crushing barrel 3 are respectively connected with a throwing barrel 8, two sides of the throwing barrel 8 are respectively provided with a feed inlet 6, each feed inlet 6 is provided with a centrifugal adsorption fan 7 between the throwing barrels 8, the throwing barrels 8 and the centrifugal adsorption fans 7 are arranged along the axial direction of the crushing barrel 3, namely, the straws in the crushing barrel 3 are uniformly extracted from the four feed inlets 6 by the four centrifugal adsorption fans 7, and all the straws crushed in the crushing barrel 3 can be extracted and sucked into the throwing barrel 8 to be thrown out; the area of the material throwing opening 10 of the material throwing cylinder 8 is smaller than that of the material inlet 6, the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 extracts the straws in a large area, all the straws are guaranteed to be extracted, the material throwing opening 10 with the small area of the material throwing cylinder 8 concentrates the straws and further improves the air pressure, and the throwing distance is increased.
When the device works, the rack 2 is connected with a tractor by means of the traction frame 1, a group of mounting holes 12 arranged in an arc shape are formed in the rack 2, the middle section of the depth wheel 11 is hinged with the rack 2, the depth wheel 11 rotates along a hinged shaft at the hinged position of the depth wheel 11 and the rack 2 according to different required working heights, the end part of the depth wheel 11 is fixedly connected with the rack 2 by selecting the appropriate mounting hole 12, and the depth height is adjustable;
the power unit comprises a speed reducer 13, a universal coupling and a transmission wheel 14 which are sequentially arranged along the power transmission direction, the transmission wheel 14 is connected with the crushing shaft 5 and the fan shaft 9 by a belt, and the speed reducer 13 is connected with an output shaft of the tractor; the speed reducer 13 is a speed reducer with bidirectional output, the two sides of the speed reducer 13 are respectively provided with a universal coupling and a transmission wheel 14, the universal couplings and the transmission wheels 14 on the two sides of the speed reducer 13 respectively provide power for the centrifugal adsorption fans 7 on the two throwing material cylinders 8, so that the crushing and collecting machine can realize unilateral operation, and when the unilateral operation is carried out, a belt is not arranged between the crushing shaft 5 and the fan shaft 9 on the side which does not work.
The traction machine is started, the traction machine drives the rack 2 to walk in a field needing to crush straws, the crushing cutter 4 stirs the straws in the field into the crushing barrel 3, the crushing cutter 4 crushes the straws in the crushing barrel 3 under the driving of the rotation of the crushing shaft 5, the crushing cutter 4 is hinged with the crushing shaft 5 and is spirally arranged on the crushing shaft 5, when the hinged crushing cutter 4 rotates on the crushing shaft 5, the action of chopping the straws is formed under the action of self gravity and inertia, and the crushing effect is good; no matter the straws are stirred into the crushing barrel 3 or in the crushing process, the resistance borne by the spirally arranged crushing knives 4 is obviously reduced, the abrasion degree of the crushing knives 4 is effectively reduced on the premise of ensuring the crushing effect, and the service life of the crushing knives 4 is prolonged;
the straws crushed by the crushing cutter 4 enter an inner cavity of the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 under the action of the centrifugal force of the crushing cutter 4 and the adsorption action of the centrifugal adsorption fan 7, when an impeller in the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 rotates, soil blocks with large mass in the field brought by the crushing cutter 4 or the straws are thrown out to the inner wall of the centrifugal adsorption fan 7, due to the small mass of the straws, when the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 improves air pressure and discharges air, the straws are discharged into the throwing cylinder 8 along with the air and thrown by the throwing cylinder 8 and fall into a grass conveyer following behind the straw crushing and collecting machine, and the soil blocks with large mass are separated from air flow after contacting the inner wall of the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 and fall under the action of self gravity, so that the soil blocks are separated from the straws.
In order to realize further effect, a fixed cutter seat is arranged on the crushing shaft 5, a group of connecting holes distributed along the axis perpendicular to the crushing shaft 5 are formed in the fixed cutter seat, the crushing cutter 4 is hinged with the crushing shaft 5 through the connecting holes, and the adjustability of the extending length of the crushing shaft 5 is realized by selecting different connecting holes.
Furthermore, a material blocking inner wall located above a discharge port of the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 is arranged in the material throwing cylinder 8, crushed straws or unscreened soil blocks are blown upwards to the material throwing cylinder 8 by the centrifugal adsorption fan 7, the straw and the soil blocks are blocked by the material blocking inner wall, the straws and the soil blocks are in a falling trend, the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 continuously exhausts air into the material throwing cylinder 8, the straws with small mass are thrown out along with the ascending of air flow, the soil blocks with relatively large mass fall down, and the sieving of the soil blocks and the straws is further realized.
The straw crushing and collecting machine can crush the straws directly in the field, and the working efficiency is obviously improved; the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 is directly used for sucking the crushed straws into the throwing cylinder 8 for throwing, so that a conveying unit between the crushing cylinder 3 and the throwing cylinder 8 is omitted, and meanwhile, the centrifugal adsorption fan 7 screens soil blocks and straws, so that the existence of large-particle impurities in the thrown straws is reduced; two centrifugal adsorption fans 7 simultaneously feed materials to one material throwing barrel 8, and the area of a material throwing opening 10 of the material throwing barrel 8 is smaller than that of the material inlet 6, so that the crushed straws reliably move to the material throwing opening 10, and effective throwing is realized.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a harvester is smashed to straw, includes frame (2) of being connected with the tractor with the help of traction frame (1), sets up crushing unit in frame (2), throws the power pack who send the unit, be connected with the output shaft of tractor and be located the gauge wheel (11) at crushing unit rear with the collection that crushing unit is connected, its characterized in that: the crushing unit comprises a crushing shaft (5) with a crushing cutter (4) and a crushing barrel (3) covered above the crushing shaft (5), the collecting and throwing unit comprises a set of feed inlet (6) arranged on the crushing barrel (3), a throwing barrel (8) connected with the crushing barrel (3) by means of the feed inlet (6) and a centrifugal adsorption fan (7) arranged between the throwing barrel (8) and the feed inlet (6), and fan shafts (9) of the crushing shaft (5) and the centrifugal adsorption fan (7) are respectively connected with the output end of the power unit.
2. The straw crushing and collecting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the crushing barrel (3) are respectively connected with a material throwing barrel (8), and two sides of the material throwing barrel (8) are respectively provided with a feeding hole (6).
3. The straw crushing and collecting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the area of a throwing material opening (10) of the throwing material barrel (8) is smaller than that of the feeding opening (6).
4. The straw crushing and collecting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the crushing cutter (4) is hinged with the crushing shaft (5) and is spirally arranged on the crushing shaft (5).
5. The straw crushing and collecting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the crushing shaft (5) is provided with a fixed cutter holder, the fixed cutter holder is provided with a group of connecting holes distributed along the axis perpendicular to the crushing shaft (5), and the crushing cutter (4) is hinged with the crushing shaft (5) through the connecting holes and has the degree of freedom with adjustable extension length.
6. The straw crushing and collecting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: frame (2) on be provided with a set of mounting hole (12) that are the arc and arrange, depth wheel (11) interlude articulated with frame (2) and tip with the help of mounting hole (12) and frame (2) fixed connection.
7. The straw crushing and collecting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power unit comprises a speed reducer (13), a universal coupling and a transmission wheel (14) which are sequentially arranged along the power transmission direction, and the transmission wheel (14) is connected with the crushing shaft (5) and the fan shaft (9) by virtue of a belt.
8. The straw crushing collector as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and universal couplings are respectively arranged on two sides of the speed reducer (13).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920991676.XU CN210120805U (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Straw smashing and collecting machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920991676.XU CN210120805U (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Straw smashing and collecting machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210120805U true CN210120805U (en) | 2020-03-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920991676.XU Active CN210120805U (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Straw smashing and collecting machine |
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| CN (1) | CN210120805U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112189462A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-08 | 宁夏智源农业装备有限公司 | Air-blowing throwing type straw returning machine |
| CN112371485A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-02-19 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院齐齐哈尔农业机械化研究所 | Crop straw shaker |
-
2019
- 2019-06-28 CN CN201920991676.XU patent/CN210120805U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112189462A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-08 | 宁夏智源农业装备有限公司 | Air-blowing throwing type straw returning machine |
| CN112371485A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-02-19 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院齐齐哈尔农业机械化研究所 | Crop straw shaker |
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