CN116199517A - 一种中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
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Abstract
本发明提供一种中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖及其制备方法。所述中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖包括：低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，所述低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖由是由以原料加工而成：低碳刚玉骨料、富铝尖晶石、电熔镁砂粉、SiO2微粉、专用水泥和防爆剂。本发明提供的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖及其制备方法具有热膨胀率小、抗热剥落性好、高温强度高以及良好的抗渣和钢水的侵蚀性及渗透性，且可调配，可分别用在包中、包壁及渣线部位，结构稳定，剥落深度小和剥落速度慢的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖主要使用在炼钢厂中间包浇注时浇钢冲击区部位，该部位处于钢水下部，长期被高压注状钢水的间断性冲击，在中包内起到抵抗钢水冲击、冲刷，保护冲击部位的作。
目前钢铁行业普遍采用的中包冲击砖有3种，分别为镁碳砖和铝镁碳砖和无碳预制块，因无碳预制块使用寿命较低加之生产周期长和性价比不高的因素未被大量使用，而镁碳砖砖中因镁砂的热膨胀较大，在使用中存在着易剥落断裂的情况，虽然部分砖中依靠添加石墨来解决，但反之造成强度下降和对钢水二次碳污染情况，镁碳砖的使用寿命一般在20-50小时之间，铝镁碳砖因使用矾土和镁砂作为主要原料，使用中存在着材料高温强度不高和尖晶石化不易控制等原因造成总体强度不高，铝镁碳砖的使用寿命一般在10-30小时之间，另外以上产品在浇注钢水时，因蚀损较大，对钢水造成一定污染，而其中因碳含量较高尤其不适合冶炼优特钢品种，因此随着中国钢铁产业的飞速发展，产品结构的的不断更新换代，优特钢行业的兴起，使得耐火材料供应企业对于中包冲击区用高档耐材有了更大的需求，急于解决上述问题。
因此，有必要提供一种新的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖及其制备方法解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种具有热膨胀率小、抗热剥落性好、高温强度高以及良好的抗渣和钢水的侵蚀性及渗透性，此可调配，可分别用在包中、包壁及渣线部位，结构稳定，剥落深度小和剥落速度慢的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖包括：低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，所述低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖由是由以原料加工而成：
低碳刚玉骨料、富铝尖晶石、电熔镁砂粉、SiO2微粉、专用水泥和防爆剂。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述低碳刚玉骨料包含95.13w/％的Al2O3，2.02w/％的Si02，0.90w/％的Fe2O3和1.81w/％的MgO。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述富铝尖晶石包含75.17w/％的Al2O3，0.04w/％的Si02，0.85w/％的Fe2O3和21.33w/％的MgO。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述电熔镁砂粉包含98.12w/％的MgO和1.02w/％的CaO。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述SiO2微粉包含97.18w/％的Si02。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述专用水泥为钢包专用水泥，所述钢包专用水泥包含77.18w/％的Al2O3，0.07w/％的Si02，0.29w/％的Fe2O3和1.42w/％的MgO。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述富铝尖晶石的成型加工要求如下：
(1).采用240目的尖晶石细粉和纸浆废液为结合剂进行混合搅拌；
(2).将搅拌好的浆料倒入在模具中，然后在100MPa的压力下压制成型，最后在经过110℃的环境下烘干24h，致使得到富铝尖晶石。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述低碳刚玉骨料+电熔镁砂粉为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的64w/％，所述富铝尖晶石为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的15w/％，所述SiO2微粉为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的0.5w/％。
作为本发明的进一步方案，所述专用水泥为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的20w/％，所述防爆剂为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的0.5w/％。
作为本发明的进一步方案，一种中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.以低碳刚玉骨料和电熔镁砂粉为主原料，以富铝尖晶石为基质选用专用水泥为结合剂，然后加入辅料SiO2微粉及防爆剂进行混合搅拌；
S2.将搅拌均匀的浆料通过模具浇筑成型，然后在室温环境下养护24h；
S3.将初步养护好砖坯进行脱模，之后继续在室温环境下养护24h；
S4.最后将养护好的砖坯放置到干燥箱内干燥成型，致使得到低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖。
与相关技术相比较，本发明提供的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖及其制备方法具有如下有益效果：
1、本发明具有热膨胀率小、抗热剥落性好、高温强度高以及良好的抗渣和钢水的侵蚀性及渗透性，此可调配，可分别用在包中、包壁及渣线部位，结构稳定，剥落深度小和剥落速度慢的优点。
附图说明
为了便于本领域技术人员理解，下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1为本发明低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的性能指标示意图；
图2为本发明中尖晶石原料的晶粒尺寸与晶格畸变示意图；
图3为本发明中富铝尖晶石的渣侵蚀后的显微形貌示意图；
图4为本发明中尖晶石粒度对低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖性能影响的示意图；
图5为本发明中SiO2微粉加入量在1500℃×3h对钢包料线变化的影响示意图。
具体实施方式
请结合参阅图1、图2、图3、图4和图5，其中，图1为本发明低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的性能指标示意图；图2为本发明中尖晶石原料的晶粒尺寸与晶格畸变示意图；图3为本发明中富铝尖晶石的渣侵蚀后的显微形貌示意图；图4为本发明中尖晶石粒度对低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖性能影响的示意图；图5为本发明中SiO2微粉加入量在1500℃×3h对钢包料线变化的影响示意图。中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖及其制备方法包括：低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，所述低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖由是由以原料加工而成：
低碳刚玉骨料、富铝尖晶石、电熔镁砂粉、SiO2微粉、专用水泥和防爆剂。
所述低碳刚玉骨料包含95.13w/％的Al2O3，2.02w/％的Si02，0.90w/％的Fe2O3和1.81w/％的MgO。
所述富铝尖晶石包含75.17w/％的Al2O3，0.04w/％的Si02，0.85w/％的Fe2O3和21.33w/％的MgO。
所述电熔镁砂粉包含98.12w/％的MgO和1.02w/％的CaO。
所述SiO2微粉包含97.18w/％的Si02。
所述专用水泥为钢包专用水泥，所述钢包专用水泥包含77.18w/％的Al2O3，0.07w/％的Si02，0.29w/％的Fe2O3和1.42w/％的MgO。
所述富铝尖晶石的成型加工要求如下：
(1).采用240目的尖晶石细粉和纸浆废液为结合剂进行混合搅拌；
(2).将搅拌好的浆料倒入在模具中，然后在100MPa的压力下压制成型，最后在经过110℃的环境下烘干24h，致使得到富铝尖晶石。
从图3可以看出，富铝尖晶石中的方镁石反应完之后，尖晶石便会与渣中的FeOx发生反应，生成复合尖晶石MgO·(Al,Fe)2O3和游离的Al2O3：
MgO·Al2O3+γFe2O3→MgO·(Al1-γ，Feγ)2O3+γAl2O3
当然，在尖晶石受到渣的侵蚀时，也会同时发生固溶渣中的FeOx、MnO，形成复合尖晶石的情况,反应如下：
FexO+MnO+MgO·Al2O3→(Mg，Mn，Fe)(Fe，Al)2O4
这中复合尖晶石是将尖晶石包裹在外面，可以有效地阻止了渣的进以步侵蚀和渗透，且当尖晶石中游离的Al2O3含量很高时，剩余的游离Al2O3会直接与渣中的CaO反应生成CaO-Al2O3系物相如CA2,依附在复合尖晶石外面，高熔点的CA2相在一定程度上也能抑制渣的渗透。
图2可知，四种尖晶石原料的主要化学成分为尖晶石，另外1中还有少量游离方镁石，4中则还有一定量游离刚玉相，且由图2可知，随着尖晶石中氧化铝含量的增加，尖晶石的晶粒尺寸先减小后增大，2的尖晶石的晶粒尺寸最小，晶格畸变程度逐渐减小，晶格常数先减小后增加，3的尖晶石晶格常数最小。
将SiO2微粉加入到浇注料中，能通过高温在其表面形成一个致密层，达到增加抗渣的目的，而后有研究则认为SiO2含量为0～2.0％的浇注料，发现SiO2微粉的加入不能抑制渣侵蚀，但增加了结构的耐剥落性，SiO2微粉加入量＞0.5％导致重烧线变化是负值，还有研究发现SiO2微粉加入量为0.5％的浇注料,其高温抗折强度急剧下降,而荷重软化点却基本上稳定，高温抗折强度从没加硅微粉的14MPa减小到加入量为0.5％时的2MPa，在荷重软化点的试验中，在0.2MPa荷载下加热到1660℃的热膨胀对于没加硅微粉的浇注料是正值，而对于加入0.5％硅微粉的浇注料则是负值，而且Al2O3尖晶石浇注料的高温抗折强度随着温度从1300℃上升到1500℃而不断增加，而且比高铝浇注料的还要高得多3，但在刚玉尖晶石体系的钢包料中,其SiO2微粉的加入量在此基础上则要更加严格控制，否则其烘后、烧后性能指标会变化很大。
由图5可知，刚玉尖晶石钢包料在1500℃×3h的烧后线变化随着SiO2微粉加入量的增大，先增加后减小,而烧后耐压强度的峰值则在SiO2微粉加入量0.5％处
所述低碳刚玉骨料+电熔镁砂粉为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的64w/％，所述富铝尖晶石为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的15w/％，所述SiO2微粉为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的0.5w/％。
所述专用水泥为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的20w/％，所述防爆剂为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的0.5w/％。
一种中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.以低碳刚玉骨料和电熔镁砂粉为主原料，以富铝尖晶石为基质选用专用水泥为结合剂，然后加入辅料SiO2微粉及防爆剂进行混合搅拌；
S2.将搅拌均匀的浆料通过模具浇筑成型，然后在室温环境下养护24h；
S3.将初步养护好砖坯进行脱模，之后继续在室温环境下养护24h；
S4.最后将养护好的砖坯放置到干燥箱内干燥成型，致使得到低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖。
由图4可知，实验结果发现，加入尖晶石骨料后，成品的抗侵蚀性变好，并随着尖晶石加入量的增加，抗侵蚀性进一步得到改善，而且尖晶石骨料的颗粒越小，抗侵蚀性越好，当尖晶石的颗粒尺寸小于1mm，且达到某添加量时，它的抗侵蚀性达到最好，这是由于尖晶石颗粒和细粉在基质中均匀分布，使结构更加致密所致，此时材料的抗渗透性也最佳，这主要是因为渣和刚玉尖晶石材料接触，Al2O3颗粒和CaO、尖晶石和渣中的FeO、MnO形成固溶体，使渣的粘度变大,熔点升高,阻止了渣的渗透。
本发明研发的低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的热膨胀率小，抗热剥落性好，高温强度高，并且通过添加超细尖晶石粉，极大地改善了钢包料的抗侵蚀和抗渗透性，又通过配入部分尖晶石颗粒使得低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的抗渣性能进一步的提高。
本发明具有热膨胀率小、抗热剥落性好、高温强度高以及良好的抗渣和钢水的侵蚀性及渗透性，此可调配，可分别用在包中、包壁及渣线部位，结构稳定，剥落深度小和剥落速度慢的优点。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，其特征在于，包括：
低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，所述低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖由是由以原料加工而成：
低碳刚玉骨料、富铝尖晶石、电熔镁砂粉、SiO2微粉、专用水泥和防爆剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，其特征在于：所述低碳刚玉骨料包含95.13w/％的Al2O3，2.02w/％的Si02，0.90w/％的Fe2O3和1.81w/％的MgO。
3.根据权利要求1所述的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，其特征在于：所述富铝尖晶石包含75.17w/％的Al2O3，0.04w/％的Si02，0.85w/％的Fe2O3和21.33w/％的MgO。
4.根据权利要求1所述的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，其特征在于：所述电熔镁砂粉包含98.12w/％的MgO和1.02w/％的CaO。
5.根据权利要求1所述的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，其特征在于：所述SiO2微粉包含97.18w/％的Si02。
6.根据权利要求1所述的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，其特征在于：所述专用水泥为钢包专用水泥，所述钢包专用水泥包含77.18w/％的Al2O3，0.07w/％的Si02，0.29w/％的Fe2O3和1.42w/％的MgO。
7.根据权利要求1所述的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，其特征在于：所述富铝尖晶石的成型加工要求如下：
(1).采用240目的尖晶石细粉和纸浆废液为结合剂进行混合搅拌；
(2).将搅拌好的浆料倒入在模具中，然后在100MPa的压力下压制成型，最后在经过110℃的环境下烘干24h，致使得到富铝尖晶石。
8.根据权利要求1所述的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，其特征在于：所述低碳刚玉骨料+电熔镁砂粉为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的64w/％，所述富铝尖晶石为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的15w/％，所述SiO2微粉为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的0.5w/％。
9.根据权利要求1所述的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖，其特征在于：所述专用水泥为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的20w/％，所述防爆剂为低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖的0.5w/％。
10.一种制备权利要求1所述的中包用低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1.以低碳刚玉骨料和电熔镁砂粉为主原料，以富铝尖晶石为基质选用专用水泥为结合剂，然后加入辅料SiO2微粉及防爆剂进行混合搅拌；
S2.将搅拌均匀的浆料通过模具浇筑成型，然后在室温环境下养护24h；
S3.将初步养护好砖坯进行脱模，之后继续在室温环境下养护24h；
S4.最后将养护好的砖坯放置到干燥箱内干燥成型，致使得到低碳刚玉尖晶石冲击砖。
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