CN116171478A - 用于为患者确定和提供个性化pap疗法建议的***和方法 - Google Patents

用于为患者确定和提供个性化pap疗法建议的***和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116171478A
CN116171478A CN202180060534.1A CN202180060534A CN116171478A CN 116171478 A CN116171478 A CN 116171478A CN 202180060534 A CN202180060534 A CN 202180060534A CN 116171478 A CN116171478 A CN 116171478A
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Prior art keywords
patient
information
personalized
pap therapy
pap
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CN202180060534.1A
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B·I·谢利
G·特里维迪
B·卡里安
V·布萨
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Abstract

一种向患者提供个性化PAP疗法建议的方法，包括：在控制器中接收从与患者相关联的一个或多个电子设备获得的患者信息；利用所述控制器分析所述患者信息；在所述控制器中根据对所述患者信息的分析来确定针对所述患者的个性化PAP疗法建议；并向所述患者提供所述个性化PAP疗法建议。

Description

用于为患者确定和提供个性化PAP疗法建议的***和方法
在先申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年7月20日提交的美国临时申请号63/054197的权益。该申请由此通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于向患者提供气道正压(PAP)疗法的***和方法，更具体地，本发明涉及用于向患者提供个性化PAP疗法建议的***和方法。本发明还涉及在这样的***中使用并执行这样的方法的预测人工智能***。
背景技术
睡眠呼吸暂停是一种常见的睡眠障碍，患者在呼吸过程中会出现(呼吸暂停)中断。呼吸暂停是由于睡眠期间气道组织虚脱引起的。这可能发生在部分或整个睡眠期间。这些中断会对患者的整体睡眠质量、白天的精力产生负面影响，也会对健康产生长期影响。
气道正压(PAP)疗法通常被认为是处理睡眠相关呼吸障碍和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)综合征的一线疗法。在PAP疗法中，由患者界面和面罩提供的恒定气道压力流使患者的气道在睡眠期间保持开放。这种方法对治疗睡眠呼吸暂停非常有效。然而，PAP治疗依从性差仍然是治疗中的最大障碍。PAP疗法的非依从率估计高达46-83％。
经受PAP疗法的患者报告的常见问题包括口罩泄漏、入睡困难、鼻塞、皮肤上的红色印记、痛点和口干，这是因为疗法设备使用口罩和软管来输送空气压力(连续或双层PAP)。除其他外，这些副作用通常导致患者对PAP疗法不能很好地耐受，从而导致上述非依从率。已经采取了各种方法，试图通过提高患者界面、面罩和相关部件的舒适度来提高PAP疗法的依从性。虽然这些方法提高了PAP疗法的舒适度，但仍有提高对此类疗法的依从性的空间。
发明内容
本发明的实施例通过向患者提供个性化PAP疗法建议来改善对PAP疗法的依从性。通过为给定的夜晚个性化推荐的PAP疗法，设备的整体舒适度得到了改善(尤其是与使用疲劳相关的不适，如皮肤发红痕迹等)，并且用户能够从PAP疗法中获得最大的益处，同时最大限度地缩短使用时间。这通过在优化PAP疗法的使用时间的基础上，使用户避免可避免的副作用并改善结果，从而提高了对PAP疗法的依从性。
作为本发明的一个方面，提供了一种向患者提供个性化PAP疗法建议的方法。该方法包括：在控制器中接收从与患者相关联的一个或多个电子设备获得的患者信息；利用所述控制器分析所述患者信息；在所述控制器中根据对所述患者信息的分析来确定针对所述患者的个性化PAP疗法建议；以及向所述患者提供所述个性化PAP疗法建议。
控制器可以被构造和配置为实现预测AI***，并且分析和确定可以由预测AI***执行。所述预测AI***可以是使用关于所述患者的先前患者信息和/或关于一定数目的其他患者的患者信息中的一个或多个患者信息来训练的人工神经网络。
与所述患者相关联的所述一个或多个电子设备可以包括可穿戴智能设备。所述可穿戴智能设备可以包括智能手表。
与所述患者相关联的所述一个或多个电子设备可以包括智能电话。
所述患者信息可以包括由患者提供的主观信息。所述主观信息可以包括关于所述患者酒精摄入量的信息。所述主观信息可以包括由所述患者提供的计划卧床时间和唤醒时间。
所述患者信息可以包括由紧邻所述患者的传感器被动收集的客观信息。
该方法可以进一步包括主动地从所述患者接收额外的患者信息。
所述个性化PAP疗法建议可以包括所述PAP疗法的推荐开始时间和持续时间。
所述个性化PAP疗法建议可包括先前PAP疗法对患者睡眠的实际益处的指示。
作为本发明的另一方面，提供了一种用于确定患者的个性化PAP疗法治疗建议并向患者提供这种建议的***。该***包括：一定数目的电子设备，每个电子设备被构造为被动地从患者获取患者信息；控制器，所述控制器与所述一定数目的设备通信，并且被构造为执行对所述患者信息的分析，并根据对所述患者信息的分析确定对所述患者的个性化PAP疗法建议；以及被构造为向所述患者传达所述个性化PAP疗法建议的用户接口。
作为本发明的又一方面，提供了一种预测人工智能***，所述预测人工智能***被训练为：接收从与患者相关联的一个或多个电子设备被动获得的患者信息；分析所述患者信息；并且从分析所述患者信息确定个性化PAP疗法建议。
本发明的这些和其他目的、特征和特性，以及架构的相关元件的操作和功能的方法以及零件的组合和制造的经济性，在考虑参考附图的以下描述和所附权利要求后将变得更加显而易见，所有这些描述和权利要求形成本说明书的一部分，其中相同的附图标记表示各个图中的对应部分。然而，应明确理解，附图仅出于说明和描述的目的而提供，并不旨在作为对本发明的限制的定义。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个示例实施例的用于确定个性化PAP疗法建议并向患者提供的方法；
图2是根据本发明的一个示例实施例的***的示意图，该***可用于执行根据本发明一个或多个示例实施例的一种或多种方法；
图3是示出根据本发明的一个或多个示例实施例的图2的***的控制器的输入和输出的示意图；以及
图4是根据本发明的一个示例实施例的云服务器、传感器和设备之间来回数据传输的高级架构。
具体实施方式
如本文所用，除非上下文另外清楚地指出，否则单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该”也包括复数形式。
如本文所用，术语“数”应指一个或大于一的整数(即多个)。
如本文所用，术语“用户”、“患者”和“个人”可互换地用于指代接受PAP疗法并被提供个性化PAP疗法建议的人。
如本文所用，术语“控制器”应指能够存储、检索、执行和处理数据(例如，软件例程和/或这些例程使用的信息)的多个可编程模拟和/或数字设备(包括相关联的存储器零件或部分)，包括但不限于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、复杂可编程逻辑器件(CPLD)、可编程片上***(PSOC)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、微处理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑控制器或任何其他合适的处理设备或装置。存储器部分可以是各种类型的内部和/或外部存储介质中的任何一种或多种，诸如但不限于RAM、ROM、一个或多个EPROM、一个或多个EEPROM、FLASH等，其提供存储寄存器，即，用于以计算机的内部存储区域的方式进行数据和程序代码存储的非暂时性机器可读介质，并且可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器。
如先前所讨论的，对PAP疗法的依从性是一个实质性问题。本发明的实施例提供了通过向患者提供个性化PAP疗法建议以及与患者的PAP疗法和/或其响应相关的其他反馈来改善患者对PAP疗法的依从性的***和方法。通过使用预测模型来确定对患者的这种个性化建议，该预测模型利用在PAP疗法提供给患者之前、期间和之后从该患者收集的信息(以下称为“PAP疗法分析”)。如下文进一步讨论的，PAP疗法分析可使用多种技术实现，包括但不限于通过症状监测、问卷调查、夜间多导睡眠图(PSG)测试检查呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、家庭睡眠测试和其他便携式睡眠呼吸暂停监测仪器。这种便携式睡眠呼吸暂停监测***包括但不限于利用至少一个通道(例如氧气或气流的饱和度)的呼吸和用力传感器。通过使用用户佩戴的可穿戴设备(例如智能手表)，可以解决常规便携式监测***的缺点(例如，复杂的传感器连接、突兀性、传感器分离和合规性问题)。个性化针对患者的PAP疗法建议有助于减少PAP疗法对患者生活的影响，并提高患者对疗法感知的整体舒适度。通过推荐减少疗法持续时间和患者需要或不需要这种疗法的特定夜晚，从而减少了疗法的总体使用要求和副作用，从而改善了患者的总体用户体验。通过改善患者的总体用户体验，患者对PAP疗法的依从性得以提高。
图1中示出了根据本发明的一个示例实施例的用于确定个性化PAP疗法建议并向患者提供的示例性方法10。图2示出了根据本发明的一个示例实施例的***100的示意图，该***100可以用于执行方法10。
参考图2，***100包括控制器102，其被构造为从多个输入设备104中的一个或多个输入设备接收输入103。控制器102可以本地提供为计算设备或(其一部分)或远程提供为基于云的布置。控制器102的存储器部分在其中存储了可由控制器102的处理器部分执行的多个例程。上述例程中的一个或多个例程实现(通过计算机/处理器可执行指令)软件应用，该软件应用被配置为除了其他任务以外还(通过一个或多个算法)从多个输入设备104中的一个或多个输入设备接收输入103，并分析这些输入103，以便确定针对特定患者的个性化PAP疗法建议。在图2的示例实施例中，为此目的，控制器102配备有预测AI***108，诸如经训练的神经网络或一个或一定数目的其他监督学习***。
如图2的示例实施例所示，输入设备104可以包括一个或多个可穿戴设备110(例如但不限于智能手表、智能戒指、一个或多个夹式传感器、智能服装、一个或多个粘性可穿戴传感器)、智能电话112、专用监测器(例如但不仅限于一个或多个室内传感器、一个或多个床垫内/床垫下传感器)、用于疗法患者的PAP设备116和/或其他计算设备118(例如但不限于平板计算机、膝上型计算机等)中的一个或多个。控制器102进一步被构造为向用户接口106提供输出105，用户接口106可以被设置在上述设备之一(例如，可穿戴智能手表110、智能电话112、PAP设备116和/或一个或一定数目的其他计算设备118(例如，平板计算机、膝上型计算机等))上或设置为单独的输出设备。
图3是示出根据本发明的一个或多个示例实施例的示例输入103以及输出105的示意图，该示例输入103可以由一个或多个上述输入设备104提供给***100的控制器102/预测AI***108，并且该输出105可以从***100的控制器102/预测AI***108输出。提供给控制器102的这种输入103通常可以被分类为“患者信息”，一般如图1所示的方法10的步骤12所示。应当理解，这样的患者信息可以由一个或多个输入设备104被动地或主动地获得。
到控制器102/预测AI***108的输入103可以包括通常从输入设备104的一个或多个传感器被动接收的客观输入和由用户主动提供的或响应于来自控制器102的提示的主观输入。客观输入是数据，包括但不限于从以下装置接收到的数据：
·一个或多个可穿戴设备110(例如但不限于智能手表)-诸如心率、呼吸频率、步数、距离、燃烧的卡路里、活动跟踪等-其还可以提供睡眠参数的历史(例如但不限于，睡眠架构、总睡眠时间-TST、睡眠开始潜伏期-SOL、卧床时间-TIB、睡眠开始后苏醒-WASO、呼吸暂停低通气指数-AHI、唤醒指数、氧减饱和度指数、氧饱和度变异性等)；和/或
·专用监测器114(例如但不限于床垫下传感器)-也可用于收集更准确的数据。
·PAP设备116–来自PAP设备(例如AutoCPAP)的数据提供关于客观AHI的信息以及PAP设备治疗患者的压力。这对于持续的***学***下充分疗法患者，则表明当晚或一段时间内OSA的严重程度较低。可以使用逐小时压力统计数据，也可以使用汇总统计数据(例如，平均压力或90％自动压力–设备处于或低于90％夜间的压力)。
OSA严重程度可基于夜间未使用PAP设备时的可穿戴数据(或床垫下传感器)进行测量/确定。
由用户提供的主观输入(例如，经由智能电话112和/或一个或一定数目的其他计算设备118)通常与人口统计(例如，一次性输入–年龄、性别、体重指数等)、日历同步选项和关于用餐时间的信息相关。可提供给预测AI***108并由其考虑的一些关键主观输入包括(例如但不限于)：
·饮酒或服用药物，包括镇静剂、阿片类药物或肌肉放松剂；
·先前睡眠欠缺(主观的，基于白天活动，包括身体和认知压力，以及先前夜晚的睡眠量，如果在给定实施例中没有客观的睡眠和白天跟踪)；
·吸烟或其他环境刺激物，前往海拔较高的地理位置或任何其他可能导致呼吸问题、与睡眠有关的健康问题的地理位置；
·关于夜宵(在不寻常的时间摄入)和白天盐摄入量的用于预测流体滞留和口腔流体转移的信息；
·卧室温度和睡眠环境细节，如光线、空气质量等；
·床上伴侣和打鼾习惯；
·预计的优势睡眠位姿，例如仰卧睡眠可能具有高OSA严重程度，即无PAP的OSA(无PAP设备期间的AHI)；
·日间活动信息，如久坐、锻炼、户外活动(可穿戴设备无法追踪的任何活动)等；以及
·一个或多个目标就寝时间和起床时间。
某些其他输入也可以从***100的部件导出，并被馈送到预测AI***108的机器学习算法中，诸如，睡眠需求/欠缺(来自睡眠跟踪度量)、PAP益处历史(来自睡眠/AHI数据)等。
主动从用户和被动从设备收集的数据经由互联网在安全的流媒体通道中迁移到云/服务器，并存储在云/服务器中。在云上执行预测AI***108的计算，然后将为用户生成的输出显示在用户接口106上，如前所述，用户接口106可以设置在可穿戴设备110(例如，智能手表上的显示器)、智能电话112、PAP设备116(例如，在其显示器上)、其他计算设备118(例如，平板计算机)或其他合适的输出设备上。图4示出了云服务器、传感器和设备之间来回数据传输的高级架构。来自应用/网页界面的数据被迁移到存储在数据湖中的云服务器。API处理来自后端的请求并相应地推送数据。技术堆栈由API、侦听服务、机器学习库、存储数据的数据库和用于运行机器学习算法的云基础设施组成。在用户端，开发了许多服务，如通知、调度***、日志框架、警报机制(包括医师的警报机制)、配置服务和数据审计。构建PAP个性化引擎分为一系列步骤：从数据摄取到数据准备，如数据分离的预处理阶段、模型训练、改进模型、候选模型评估、模型部署和性能监测。
为了实现本文所述的功能，预测AI***108被“构建”为一系列步骤：从数据摄取到数据准备，如数据分离的预处理阶段、模型训练、改进模型、候选模型评估、模型部署和性能监测。
预测AI***108被开发为生成并向用户提供建议，其以以下步骤构建和工作：
1.构建基线模型-在这个阶段，构建模型并将其扩展为可生产部署的模型。这是分阶段进行的，以评估该模型，并通过数个因素确定它是否足够好。
·该阶段涉及从不同用户及其设备收集必要和足够的数据，如上述***架构中所述。
·收集的数据经过一个转换过程，包括数据预处理、特征工程化、特征选择、过滤方法、包装器/嵌入方法，并用于训练ML模型和评估模型。
·PAP个性化引擎模型：根据需要使用自然语言处理模型对用户的主观输入进行预处理，然后与传感器和设备数据相结合，以馈入机器学习算法中。
2.集成和持续学习-在此阶段，模型被部署并集成到***100中。该模型将处于积极的学习环境中。预测AI***108学习用户如何与***100交互并完成任务，使用用户反馈来调整模型并定制用户的未来建议。
如方法10的步骤14、16和18中一般所示，一旦构建/训练，预测AI***108将分析作为输入103从一个或多个输入设备104接收到的关于患者的各种信息，并作为输出105经由用户接口106为患者提供个性化PAP疗法建议，以由患者执行。随着时间的推移，这种布置“了解”在特定情况下，PAP疗法的剂量和时间对特定患者最有效，因此将为患者提供最佳PAP疗法使用的建议/指示。
来自预测AI***108/控制器102的输出105包括关于在任何给定的夜晚需要使用或不使用疗法的建议。建议可以是二进制的(例如，高需要使用与低需要使用)或按比例(例如，从使用的高效益到使用的低效益)。此外，建议可以在一段时间内提供建议(例如，从预计就寝时间到凌晨2点的使用需求较低，从凌晨2点到6点的使用效益较高，等等)。预测AI***108具有建议用户当晚必须经历的疗法的时间和持续时间的能力。预测AI***108还根据预测的唤醒指数、去饱和度(desaturation)指数、心脏风险(例如睡眠呼吸暂停和射血分数、夜间血压波动等)、睡眠质量等计算接受PAP治疗对用户睡眠的益处，例如AHI的降低，并且可以提供诸如输出105的信息，该输出105被显示给用户(例如经由用户接口106)以便向患者展示特定PAP疗法会话的一个或多个益处。
用户能够经由其智能电话/平板计算机/网页浏览器等上提供的应用，从任何睡眠会话获得度量的整体视图，并预测即将到来的睡眠会话的度量。基于如日历、膳食、活动、酒精摄入量等输入，预测AI***108可以计算疲劳分数和预测睡眠位姿，用户可以在仪表板界面上查看所有这些信息，用户可以经由仪表板界面从控制器102接收输出或向控制器102(并因此预测AI***108)提供输入。例如，如果算法的数据显示当晚饮酒超过3或4杯，并且用户度过了忙碌的一天，则用户的疲劳分数会很高，并且用户的AHI更可能升高。关于上述白天活动的此类信息增加了建议在给定夜晚进行PAP疗法的可能性。
控制器102/预测AI***108提供关于在任何给定夜晚使用疗法的需要的建议。输出基于对高质量睡眠至关重要的各种指标。该模型被设计为向不同的用户，例如OSA严重程度的患者提供各种建议，在整晚和每小时的基础上进行治疗和不进行治疗，因此可以整晚和逐小时预测即将到来的夜间OSA严重程度。输出通常集中在建议当晚进行PAP疗法的必要性、PAP度量益处、疲劳分数、建议的睡眠位姿。
基于用户的主观输入，预测AI***108可以测量疲劳分数和预测的睡眠位姿，用户将能够在用户接口106上查看这两者。例如，如果该算法的数据显示多于3或4杯的酒(drinks)被饮用，并且用户度过了忙碌的一天，那么用户的疲劳分数将很高，并且用户更容易在当晚仰卧睡觉。这可能会导致严重的气道阻塞，需要使用PAP疗法。
如先前所讨论的，***100具有推荐用户当晚必须经历的疗法的时间和持续时间的能力。在一个示例实施例中，预测AI***108逐小时地为用户预测即将到来的夜晚的AHI。不同的因素会影响整个晚上睡眠呼吸紊乱事件的分布；例如但不限于，酒精摄入可能会增加早夜(early night)事件，而白天大量的钠摄入和流体负荷加上低活动水平会增加口腔流体转移，并增加晚夜(later-night)事件的倾向。由于REM睡眠阶段占主导地位，夜间OSA严重程度增加也很常见。在该实施例中，***100可以建议在夜间的一部分使用PAP设备，以便在用户不必在整个夜间佩戴PAP的情况下在该夜晚的持续时间内显著降低有效AHI(例如，基于预测，建议在凌晨2:30-6点佩戴PAP设备)。可选地，该实施例可以包括智能警报功能，以在用于处于接近目标时间处自然唤醒时提醒用户戴上PAP设备。
在另一示例中，***100可以基于总的预测严重性指示符(例如，整晚AHI＜10)来建议是否在给定的夜晚或是在整晚的特定时间内使用PAP设备(例如，在凌晨2AM之前打开PAP设备)。也可以采用阈值的其他示例，例如，对于预测AHI＞10的所有时间段等。在一些实施例中，患者将能够从每个历史睡眠会话获得度量的全面视图，并对未来会话进行预测。下图显示了逐小时预测严重程度和建议的时间的示例。
来自控制器102的输出105用于向PAP疗法的用户提供高度针对性的指导，以提高依从性。例如但不限于，此类指导可基于用户偏好建议改变生活方式和/或无口罩替代疗法来治疗睡眠呼吸暂停。
当用户使用***100时，个性化剂量响应和时间分布将被持续更新，并且更多的数据可用于构建准确的分布。此外，预测AI***108在用户改变其健康状态(例如体重减轻/增加等)时提供持续的适应。
在另一示例实施例中，在夜间过程中预计的身***姿用于推荐用于整晚或夜间一部分的位姿疗法(例如，睡眠位姿训练器)(即，当预计大部分睡眠出于仰卧位姿时，或者当预计高AHI与仰卧位姿的高AHI相关联时)。在一个示例实施例中，预计的AHI被转发到电子睡眠位姿训练器设备，并且睡眠位姿训练器设备仅在夜间的一部分提供睡眠位姿训练疗法(类似于PAP实施例)，例如当预计的AHL阈值超过某一水平时。
在另一示例实施例中，***100基于预计的AHI和身***姿，推荐在给定的夜晚使用PAP设备、不使用该设备或睡眠位姿疗法设备。在这样的示例实施例中，***100推荐实现SDB严重性目标(在该示例中AHI＜10)所需的微创装置。在这样的示例实施例中，如果可能，***100将为给定的夜晚推荐“无设备”，如果预计保持AHI<10，则为给定的夜晚推荐“位姿疗法”，如果需要，最后推荐PAP疗法。在该示例实施例中，对于睡眠位姿疗法个性化(例如，确定预测的SPT益处度量等)，重复确定PAP个性化所需的***100的部件。
因此，从以上内容可以理解，本发明的实施例提供了考虑日常睡眠、活动、PAP益处的历史、营养和/或来自用户的其他输入中的一个或多个的***和方法，并向用户提供关于在任何给定的睡眠会话中使用PAP疗法的需求水平的指导。
尽管基于当前被认为是最实际和优选的实施例，为了说明的目的已经详细描述了本发明，但是应当理解，这样的细节仅用于该目的，并且本发明不限于所公开的实施例，而是相反，旨在涵盖在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的修改和等效布置。例如，应当理解，本发明设想，在可能的范围内，任何实施例的一个或多个特征可以与任何其他实施例的另一个或多个特征相结合。
在权利要求书中，置于括号之间的任何附图标记都不应解释为对权利要求的限制。“包括”或“包含”一词不排除权利要求中所列元件或步骤以外的元件或步骤的存在。在列举若干装置的装置权利要求中，这些装置中的若干装置可由同一硬件项目实现。在元件之前的词语“一”或“一个”并不排除存在多个这样的元件。在列举若干装置的任何装置权利要求中，这些装置中的若干装置可由同一硬件项目实现。仅仅在相互不同的从属权利要求中列举了某些元件这一事实并不表明这些元件不能组合使用。

Claims (15)

1.一种向患者提供个性化PAP疗法建议的方法，所述方法包括：
在控制器中接收从与所述患者相关联的一个或多个电子设备获得的患者信息；
利用所述控制器分析所述患者信息；
在所述控制器中根据对所述患者信息的所述分析来确定针对所述患者的个性化PAP疗法建议；以及
向所述患者提供所述个性化PAP疗法建议。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述控制器被构造和配置为实现预测AI***，并且其中，所述分析和所述确定由所述预测AI***执行。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述预测AI***是使用以下中的一个或多个患者信息来训练的人工神经网络：关于所述患者的先前患者信息和/或关于一定数目的其他患者的患者信息。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，与所述患者相关联的所述一个或多个电子设备包括可穿戴智能设备。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述可穿戴智能设备包括智能手表。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，与所述患者相关联的所述一个或多个电子设备包括智能电话。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述患者信息包括由所述患者提供的主观信息。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述主观信息包括关于所述患者的酒精摄入量的信息。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述主观信息包括由所述患者提供的计划卧床时间和唤醒时间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述患者信息包括由紧邻所述患者的传感器被动收集的客观信息。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括主动地从所述患者接收附加的患者信息。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述个性化PAP疗法建议包括用于所述PAP疗法的推荐开始时间和持续时间。
13.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述个性化PAP疗法建议包括先前PAP疗法治疗对所述患者的睡眠的实际益处的指示。
14.一种用于确定患者的个性化PAP疗法治疗建议并向所述患者提供此类建议的***，所述***包括：
一定数目的电子设备，每个电子设备被构造为被动地从所述患者获取患者信息；
控制器，所述控制器与所述一定数目的电子设备通信，并且被构造为执行对所述患者信息的分析，以及根据对所述患者信息的所述分析来确定针对所述患者的个性化PAP疗法建议；以及
用户接口，所述用户接口被构造为向所述患者传达所述个性化PAP疗法建议。
15.一种预测人工智能***，所述预测人工智能***被训练以便：
接收从与患者相关联的一个或多个电子设备被动获得的患者信息；
分析所述患者信息；以及
根据分析所述患者信息来确定个性化PAP疗法建议。
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