CN116076406B - Multistage control system and control method for white spot disease of rare and special fishes cultivated artificially - Google Patents
Multistage control system and control method for white spot disease of rare and special fishes cultivated artificially Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage prevention and control system and a prevention and control method for artificially cultured rare special fish ichthyophthiriasis, and belongs to the technical field of prevention and control of rare special fish diseases. The invention constructs a multistage control system, which utilizes the habit that fishes like to prop up water to wash the bodies of the fishes, so as to reduce the parasitic rate of the ichthyophthirius on the fishes; for fish with ichthyophthiriasis, the water changing rate and the flow rate can be adjusted to wash away the fish body and the ichthyophthiriasis in the culture pond, so that the effects of treating and preventing outbreaks are achieved. In addition, the invention adopts a multi-stage control system, can simultaneously cultivate a plurality of rare special fish varieties such as copper fish and Rhinocerotis longipratum, and can select offspring or young fishes with weak tolerance to the white spot disease to be cultivated in the first-stage cultivation pond according to the tolerance of the fishes with different growth periods, thereby reducing the damage of the melon insects. The invention adopts the scouring effect of water on fish bodies, realizes the prevention and treatment of ichthyophthiriasis by physical means, has obvious effect and obviously improves the utilization rate of water resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of prevention and treatment of diseases of rare and special fishes, and particularly relates to a multistage prevention and treatment system and a multistage prevention and treatment method for ichthyophthiriasis of artificially cultured rare and special fishes.
Background
Ichthyophthiriasis, also known as ichthyophthiriasis, is a disease in which protozoan ichthyophthiriasis parasitizes under the skin, on the tail fin and on the cheek of a fish body, absorbs nutrition of the tissue of the fish body, stimulates the fish body to secrete a large amount of mucus, enables the surface of the fish body to spread over the white pustule of the fish body, and causes the diseased fish to stop feeding, emaciation and dyspnea until death. The white spot disease is not easy to be perceived in the early stage of the disease, and is moderate or severe infection when small white spots appear on the fish body, so that explosive death is easy to be caused. Researches show that the currently commonly adopted prevention and treatment method for ichthyosis mainly comprises alternate cultivation, and through chemical prevention and treatment of formalin, potassium permanganate, sulfathiazole, organic iodine and the like, replacement of cultivation substrates and immunological methods (European dashui and the like, fishery modernization, seawater ichthyosis living history and prevention and treatment of ichthyosis, 2006, 2:35-37) but effective medicaments such as potassium permanganate, formalin, quicklime and the like pollute the environment, toxic effects on fishes exist, and most of the medicaments only have a certain effect on larvae, but have no obvious effect on ichthyosis in a trophosome stage, so the effect of the medicament prevention and treatment is limited, the immunological method has high cost, and large-scale commercial vaccines do not exist at present. The research shows that the seasonal disease characteristics of the melon insects can be utilized, the breeding water temperature can be increased to 28-30 ℃, and the white spot disease can be effectively prevented and treated, but the method has the advantages of high energy consumption and high cost, and is not suitable for large-scale artificial breeding. Chinese patent CN108721345B discloses a compound preparation for treating bulk freshwater fish ichthyophthiriasis, which is prepared from halofuginone hydrobromide, cyrtomium fortunei extract, capsaicin, dithiocyano methane and a dissolving agent, and can reduce mortality of bulk freshwater fish ichthyophthiriasis; chinese patent CN103230508B discloses a preparation for preventing and treating white spot disease of croaker and a method for preventing and treating white spot disease of croaker, wherein edible rice vinegar and garlic water black tea are mixed with coal gas to be used for preventing and treating white spot disease of croaker; chinese patent CN103734112a discloses a bait for ornamental fish with functions of preventing and treating ichthyophthiriasis, which is prepared from pig nail powder, quicklime, cactus liquid, etc. for treating ichthyophthiriasis of ornamental fish. The patent adopts the pharmaceutical preparation to prevent and treat the ichthyophthiriasis, but the best method for preventing and treating the ichthyophthiriasis is to reduce the parasitic of the ichthyophthiriasis on fish bodies and clear away the ichthyophthiriasis in the culture environment, so that the physical culture method for preventing and treating the ichthyophthiriasis is still the first choice in aquaculture.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides a multistage control system and a control method for artificially breeding rare and special fish ichthyophthiriasis, which utilize the habit of enjoying water ejection to wash fish bodies, and reduce the parasitic rate of ichthyophthiriasis on the fish bodies by controlling the flow rate of water in a breeding pond, so that the control of ichthyophthiriasis is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multistage prevention and treatment system for artificially breeding rare and special fish ichthyophthiriasis is characterized in that a water inlet pipe is connected with the top of one side of a breeding pond, a water outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the other side of the breeding pond and is connected with a water inlet pipe of a lower-stage breeding pond in series, a water outlet pipe of a final-stage breeding pond is connected with an annular pond, a concentric circular pond is arranged in the annular pond, a second water drain hole is formed in the center of the concentric circular pond, and a concentric circular pond standing pipe is inserted into the second water drain hole.
In the preferred scheme, the loop pond top and apron swing joint, apron top are equipped with the bed course, and the breed pond is placed to the bed course top, and breed pond central authorities are equipped with porous station pipe.
In the preferred scheme, the cushion layer has various heights, and the height of the culture pond is adjusted to ensure that each level of culture pond is 20-60cm higher than the lower level of culture pond; the cover plates are in one-to-one correspondence with the culture ponds.
In the preferred scheme, a standby water inlet pipe, a first flow making pump and a first water draining hole are arranged in the annular pool, and an annular pool station pipe is inserted into the first water draining hole.
In the preferred scheme, one side of the concentric circular pool is provided with a second flow-making pump, and the pool wall at the other side is provided with an overflow weir and is fixed with a water inlet retaining wall.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and treating the white spot disease of rare special fishes by artificial culture, which comprises the following specific steps of
(1) Constructing a multi-stage control system;
(2) Transferring fish into a pool;
(3) Adjusting culture parameters, keeping the water change rate at 80-300 times/d and the flow rate at 0.3-0.6m/s;
(4) And cleaning the culture pond, the annular pond and the concentric circular pond at regular time, and checking the morbidity of the fish body.
In the preferred scheme, a plurality of fish seeds can be cultivated in the multi-stage control system, and the cultivation sequence is offspring seeds, juvenile fish and adult fish according to the cultivation system stage number.
In the preferable scheme, when a small amount of fish bodies are ill, the water changing rate of the culture pond is adjusted to be more than 200 times/d, the ill condition is checked every day, and the water changing rate is properly reduced after healing.
In the preferred scheme, when the disease number of the fish body is increased gradually or a plurality of culture ponds are all diseased, water inflow is stopped, oxygen is added into the culture ponds, the dissolved oxygen in the culture ponds is kept to be not lower than 6.0mg/L, methylene blue is sprayed at the same time, the concentration of the methylene blue in the water body is 5-10ppm, after soaking for 24-48h, pond bottoms and pond walls of the culture ponds and the loop ponds are cleaned by a sponge brush, water inflow is started, the water changing rate is up to 200 times/d, the flow speed is adjusted to 0.5-0.6m/s, water is stopped again after flushing for 24h, the methylene blue is sprayed again, and the recovery is realized after repeating for 2-5 times.
Advantageous effects
1. The invention constructs a multistage control system, the water discharged from the previous culture pond is used for the next culture pond by adjusting the height difference of each culture pond, and compared with a single culture pond, the multistage control system connects a plurality of culture ponds in series, the utilization efficiency of water resources can be improved by 4-17 times by adjusting the number of the culture ponds, and the waste of the water resources is reduced.
2. The multistage control system constructed by the invention does not need to be provided with an additional sewage disposal system, and sewage disposal is not needed in the ordinary cultivation process, so that the management difficulty and the management intensity are reduced; after the cultivation pond is cleaned, sewage flows out along the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe which are connected in series until being discharged through the water outlets of the annular pond and the concentric circular pond, so that the multistage control system can cultivate continuously, only the pond wall and the pond bottom are required to be scrubbed regularly, and the management is simple.
3. According to the invention, the artificial fish culture is carried out in the multi-stage control system, and the incidence rate of ichthyophthiriasis is obviously reduced by adjusting the water changing rate and the flow rate in the culture pond; when the ichthyophthiriasis occurs on the fish body, the fish body is naturally flushed by adjusting the flow rate of water, so that the parasitism of the ichthyophthiriasis on the fish body is reduced, diseased fish is gradually healed, the outbreak rate of the ichthyophthiriasis is reduced, and the survival rate of artificially cultured fish is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a multistage control system prepared in example 1, wherein 1 is a water inlet pipe; 2 is a culture pond; 3 is a water outlet pipe; 4 is a porous station pipe; 5 is a cover plate; 6 is a cushion layer; 7 is an annular pool; 8-loop pool station pipes; 9 is a water inlet retaining wall; 10 is a concentric circle pool station pipe; 11 is a first flow pump; 12 is a standby water inlet pipe; 13 is a concentric circular pool, 14 is an annular pool drain hole, 15 is an overflow weir, 16 is a concentric circular pool drain hole, and 17 is a second flow making pump.
FIG. 2 is the effect of multi-stage control system on immunity in example 8, wherein A is lysozyme activity, B is immunoglobulin content, and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between groups (P < 0.05).
Detailed Description
Example 1 construction of multistage control System
A multistage control system for artificially breeding rare and special fish ichthyophthiriasis is characterized in that a water inlet pipe 1 is connected with the top of one side of a breeding pond 2, the distance from the water inlet pipe 1 to the upper edge of the breeding pond 2 is 30cm, a water outlet pipe 3 is arranged at the bottom of the other side of the breeding pond 2, the water outlet pipe 3 is connected with the water inlet pipe 1 of a lower-stage breeding pond 2 in series, the water outlet pipe 3 of the final-stage breeding pond 2 is connected with an annular pond 7, and a concentric circular pond 13 is arranged inside the annular pond 7.
In the preferred scheme, apron 5 has been placed at the circuit pond 7 top, and apron 5 top has been placed bed course 6, and breed pond 2 is placed to bed course 6 top, and breed pond 2 central authorities are equipped with porous standing pipe 4, and porous standing pipe 4 is high with breed pond pool wall etc. can prevent that the fish from escaping.
In the preferred scheme, the cushion layer 6 has various heights, the height of the culture pond 2 can be adjusted to ensure that each stage of culture pond is 40cm higher than the lower stage of culture pond, and the cushion layer 6 is not used in the final stage of culture pond; the cover plates 5 are in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the culture ponds 2.
In the preferred scheme, the top of one side of the annular channel pond 7 is provided with a standby water inlet pipe 12, the bottom is provided with a plurality of first flow-making pumps 11 and first water draining holes 14, the annular channel pond standing pipes 8 are inserted into the first water draining holes 14, the height of the annular channel pond standing pipes 8 is equal to that of the annular channel pond wall, and fish are prevented from escaping from the water draining holes.
In the preferred scheme, a second flow-making pump 17 is arranged on one side of the concentric circular pool 13, an overflow weir 15 is arranged on the pool wall on the other side, and a water inlet retaining wall 9 is fixed on the pool wall, so that water in the annular pool 7 flows into the concentric circular pool 13 in the same direction and flows into the concentric circular pool in the same direction, a second water discharge hole 16 is arranged at the center of the concentric circular pool 13, and a concentric circular pool station pipe 10 is inserted into the second water discharge hole 16. The concentric circle pool station pipe 10 is equal to the wall of the concentric circle pool, and prevents the fish from escaping.
Example 2
The multistage control system constructed in the embodiment 1 is utilized to adjust the water changing rate, and the treatment tests of different water changing rates on the white spot disease circular copper fish and the Rhinogobio longus in different stages are carried out, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Through naked eyes, the ichthyophthiriasis is divided into early stage, medium stage and late stage according to the dense tingling degree of ichthyophthiriasis on the body surface of the fish, wherein the early stage of ichthyosis is when the body surface of the fish spreads with a plurality of small white spots at intervals, the middle stage of ichthyosis is when the body surface of the fish spreads with a plurality of small white spots but is less dense, and the late stage of ichthyosis is when the body surface of the fish spreads with a plurality of small white spots and is very dense;
(2) The round-mouth copper fish and the Rhinogobio ventralis with white spot disease in the early stage, the middle stage and the late stage are respectively divided into 6 experimental groups, 30 fish in each group are respectively placed in a multi-stage control system, the water changing rates are respectively adjusted to be 20, 80, 140, 200, 240 and 300 times/d, the fish are fed by commercial compound feeds added with 1% active yeast powder, the cure rates of the experimental groups are counted after the experiment is finished, and the results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 influence of Water Replacing Rate on the cure Rate of ill fish at different stages
The data in Table 1 show that for the round-mouth copper fish and the Rhinogobio ventralis with the white spot disease in the early and middle stages, the water change rate is more than or equal to 80 times/d, the treatment effect on the white spot disease is very good, and the treatment effect is poor when the water change rate is less than 80 times/d. For the copper fish with round mouth and the Rhinocobgobio longus with advanced ichthyophthiriasis, the water change rate reaches 240 times/d, and the water change rate has a certain effect.
Example 3
The multistage control system constructed in the embodiment 1 is utilized to change the flow velocity thereof, and the treatment test of the flow velocity on the white spot disease circular copper fish and the gobio longus with different stages is carried out, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Through naked eyes, the ichthyophthiriasis is divided into early stage, medium stage and late stage according to the dense tingling degree of ichthyophthiriasis on the body surface of the fish, wherein the early stage of ichthyosis is when the body surface of the fish spreads with a plurality of small white spots at intervals, the middle stage of ichthyosis is when the body surface of the fish spreads with a plurality of small white spots but is less dense, and the late stage of ichthyosis is when the body surface of the fish spreads with a plurality of small white spots and is very dense;
(2) The round-mouth copper fish and the long-fin rhinogobio with white spot disease in the early stage, the middle stage and the late stage are respectively divided into 6 experimental groups, 30 fish in each group are respectively placed in a multi-stage control system, the flow rates are respectively adjusted to be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6m/s, the fish are fed by commercial compound feeds added with 1% active yeast powder, and the cure rates of the experimental groups are counted after the experiment is finished, and the results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 influence of flow velocity on cure rate of ill fish at different stages
The data in Table 2 show that for the round-mouth copper fish and the Rhinogobio longus with white spot disease in the early and middle stages, the treatment effect on white spot disease is good when the flow rate is more than or equal to 0.3m/s, and the treatment effect is poor when the flow rate is less than 0.3m/s. For the copper fish with round mouth and the Rhinocobgobio longus with advanced ichthyophthiriasis, the water change rate reaches 0.3m/s.
Example 4
The multi-stage control system constructed in the embodiment 1 is used for performing a test for preventing white spot disease of copper fish with round mouth and Rhinocandis longus, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Respectively transferring healthy and well-active cupper and goby into 3 sets of multistage control systems in 2 months, respectively stocking 150 tails of goby young fish in the first two stages of culture tanks in each set of systems, respectively stocking 150 tails of goby young fish in the second two stages of culture tanks, respectively stocking 50 tails of goby adult fish and 50 tails of goby adult fish in the annular-channel tank and the concentric-channel tank, feeding with commercial compound feed added with 1% active yeast powder, and culturing for 60 days as an experimental group; adjusting the water inflow of the multi-stage culture system to ensure that the water change rate of each culture pond is 140 times/d, and the flow rate is not lower than 0.3m/s; the water change rate of each annular pool is not lower than 80 times/d, and when the water change rate is lower than 80 times/d, a standby water inlet pipe of the concentric circle culture pool is opened to increase the water inflow of the annular pool; and starting a flow-making pump of the loop pool to ensure that the flow speed of the loop pool is not lower than 0.3m/s.
(2) 150 young copper fish with circular mouth and young goby fish with long fin are bred in 3 cement ponds with the diameter of 3m to be used as a control group 1, and cultured for 60 days to be used as a control group 1; the water change rate was 10 times/d, and the flow rate was 0.05m/s
(3) Stocking 50 adult circular-mouth copper fish and adult goby fish with a diameter of 3m in 3 cement ponds as a control group 2, and culturing for 60 days as a control group 2; the water change rate was 10 times/d, and the flow rate was 0.05m/s
The outbreak time of white spot disease and the survival rate of fish were counted, and the results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 influence on outbreak time of white spot disease and fish survival under different systems
| Project | Time of burst of melon insects | Survival rate of fish |
| Experimental group | No burst of | 100 |
| Control group 1 | 10-15 days after the start of the experiment (average 13 days) | 0 |
| Control group 2 | 10-15 days after the start of the experiment (average 13 days) | 0 |
As is clear from Table 3, the experimental group did not develop ichthyosis, the survival rate of fish was 100%, while the control groups 1 and 2 began developing ichthyosis 10 to 15 days after the start of the experiment, and the final survival rate was 0. In conclusion, the multistage control system can remarkably prevent ichthyophthiriasis and has remarkable inhibition effect on the propagation of the ichthyophthiriasis.
Example 5
Because the multi-stage control system has limited treatment effect on the fish with advanced disease, the multi-stage control system and medicated bath are combined to carry out treatment test on the fish with copper at round mouth and the fish with the gobio longus advanced white spot, and the specific method is as follows:
dividing the juvenile fish or adult fish of the Rhinocerotis longi, rhinocerotis longi of the advanced ichthyophthiriasis into three groups of 20 fish, respectively transferring into a multistage control system, and feeding with commercial compound feed added with 1% active yeast powder;
water change rate group: the water changing rate of the culture pond is adjusted to 200 times/d, and conventional culture is carried out; the flow rate was 0.05m/s
Water change rate + medicated bath set: stopping water inflow after the diseased fish is transferred into the multi-stage control system, opening an aerator, splashing 5ppm of methylene blue, starting water inflow after soaking for one day, adjusting the water changing rate of the culture pond to 200 times/d, stopping water inflow after one day, and repeating the steps until the fish body melon insects disappear;
control group: and (5) transferring the diseased fish back to the original pool, wherein the water change rate of the culture water body is 10 times/d.
The cure rate and cure time were counted and the results are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 therapeutic effects of different treatments on advanced disease fish
As can be seen from table 4, the water change rate + medicated bath group had good therapeutic effects on juvenile fish of cupper, juvenile fish of kishinoux longus and adult fish, as compared with the water change rate group and the control group, and all of the control group fish died; the results also show that the cure time with both methylene blue medicated bath and high water exchange rates is significantly less than with the high water exchange rates alone. Therefore, when the ichthyophthiriasis is exploded on a large scale in the cultivation process or more fish with ichthyophthiriasis appear in a plurality of cultivation ponds, physical water changing flushing and methylene blue medicated bath can be combined for treatment, and the influence of the ichthyophthiriasis on the fish is reduced.
Example 8
Because the water in the multi-stage control system flows, fish body is flushed to be exercised, and compared with the water purification culture, the immunity of the fish cultured in the multi-stage control system is improved, and in order to explore the influence of the immunity of the fish in the multi-stage control system, the following experiment is designed:
experimental group: the schizothorax grahami fries are cultivated in a multi-stage control system, the flow rate is 0.3M/s, the schizothorax grahami fries are fed with commercial compound feed, blood is drawn after 60 days of cultivation, and lysozyme and immunoglobulin M are measured and used as immune indexes.
Control group: and (3) culturing the schizothorax grahami fries in a cement pond at the flow rate of 0.01M/s, feeding commercial compound feed, and taking blood after culturing for 60 days to measure lysozyme and immunoglobulin M as immune indexes.
As shown in fig. 2, the fish fries of schizothorax grahami after water flow scouring exercise have significantly higher lysozyme activity and immunoglobulin M content than the control group, which indicates that the immunity of the fish cultured in the multi-stage control system is significantly improved.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention, the scope of which shall be defined by the appended claims. Based on the present disclosure, those skilled in the art should make equivalent substitutions for solving the substantially same technical problems and achieving the substantially same technical effects fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A multistage prevention and treatment system for artificially breeding rare and special fish ichthyophthiriasis is characterized in that: the water inlet pipe (1) is connected with the top of one side of the culture pond (2), the water outlet pipe (3) is arranged at the bottom of the other side of the culture pond (2), the water outlet pipe (3) is connected with the water inlet pipe (1) of the lower-stage culture pond (2) in series, the water outlet pipe (3) of the final-stage culture pond (2) is connected with the annular pond (7), the concentric circular pond (13) is arranged in the annular pond (7), the concentric circular pond drain hole (16) is arranged in the concentric circular pond drain hole (16), the concentric circular pond standing pipe (10) is inserted into the concentric circular pond drain hole (16), and the concentric circular pond standing pipe (10) is equal to the pond wall of the concentric circular pond (13);
the top of the loop pool (7) is movably connected with the cover plate (5), the top of the cover plate (5) is provided with a cushion layer (6), the culture pool (2) is arranged above the cushion layer (6), the center of the culture pool (2) is provided with a porous standing pipe (4), and the porous standing pipe (4) is as high as the pool wall of the culture pool (2); a first flow-making pump (11) is arranged in the loop pool (7)
The cushion layer (6) has various heights, and the height of the culture pond (2) is adjusted to ensure that each level of culture pond is 20-60cm higher than the lower level of culture pond; the cover plates (5) are in one-to-one correspondence with the culture ponds (2);
an overflow weir (15) is arranged on the other side wall of the concentric circular pool (13) and a water inlet retaining wall (9) is fixed on the other side wall.
2. A multi-stage control system for white spot disease of artificially cultured rare unique fish according to claim 1, wherein: the annular channel pool (7) is also provided with a standby water inlet pipe (12) and an annular channel pool drain hole (14), and an annular channel pool station pipe (8) is inserted into the annular channel pool drain hole (14).
3. A multi-stage control system for white spot disease of artificially cultured rare unique fish according to claim 1, wherein: a second flow-making pump (17) is arranged on one side of the concentric circular pool (13).
4. A method for preventing and treating white spot disease of rare and special fishes cultivated artificially is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Constructing a multi-stage control system for white spot disease of artificially cultured rare unique fishes according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
(2) Transferring fish into a pool;
(3) Adjusting culture parameters, keeping the water change rate at 80-300 times/d and the flow rate at 0.3-0.6m/s;
(4) Cleaning and checking the onset condition of fish body at regular time.
5. The method for controlling ichthyophthiriasis of artificially cultured rare and unique fish according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the multistage control system can be used for culturing various rare and special fishes, and the culturing sequence is fingerling, juvenile fish and adult fish according to the stage number of the culturing system.
6. The method for controlling ichthyophthiriasis of artificially cultured rare and unique fish according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: in the step (4), when a small amount of fish is ill, the water change rate is adjusted to be more than 200 times/d, the ill condition is checked every day, and the water change rate is reduced after healing.
7. The method for controlling ichthyophthiriasis of artificially cultured rare and unique fish according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: in the step (4), when the number of fish bodies is gradually increased or a plurality of culture ponds are all ill, stopping water inflow, adding oxygen into the culture ponds and splashing methylene blue, cleaning the culture ponds and water inflow after 24-48 hours, adjusting the water changing rate to be 200 times/d, adjusting the flow rate to be 0.5-0.6m/s, stopping water again after 24 hours of flushing, splashing the methylene blue, and repeating for 2-5 times.
8. The method for controlling ichthyophthiriasis of artificially cultured rare and unique fish according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the dissolved oxygen in the culture pond is more than 6.0mg/L, and the concentration of methylene blue in the water body is 5-10ppm.
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