CN115993221A - Water leakage judging method and device for hydropower station water inlet facility - Google Patents
Water leakage judging method and device for hydropower station water inlet facility Download PDFInfo
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- CN115993221A CN115993221A CN202310102883.6A CN202310102883A CN115993221A CN 115993221 A CN115993221 A CN 115993221A CN 202310102883 A CN202310102883 A CN 202310102883A CN 115993221 A CN115993221 A CN 115993221A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower stations, and discloses a water leakage judging method and device for water inlet facilities of a hydropower station, aiming at solving the problem of hysteresis in water leakage detection of the water inlet facilities of the conventional hydropower station, wherein the scheme mainly comprises the following steps: acquiring the running rotating speed of the unit, judging whether the unit is in a rated rotating speed working condition according to the running rotating speed, and if so, acquiring the output power of a generator and the water head pressure difference of the unit; acquiring rated water head and rated idle flow of the unit, and calculating and acquiring the overload flow of the unit according to the output power, the water head pressure difference, the rated water head and the rated idle flow; and obtaining the flow in the pressure steel pipe, calculating the difference value between the flow in the pressure steel pipe and the overload flow to obtain a flow difference, and judging whether water leakage exists or not according to the flow difference and the rated flow of the unit. The invention improves the timeliness, accuracy and comprehensiveness of water leakage monitoring of the water inlet facilities of the hydropower station, and reduces the monitoring cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower stations, in particular to a water leakage judging method and device for a hydropower station water inlet facility.
Background
Hydropower stations are flooded with water to cause accidents of factory buildings, so that electric equipment can be submerged, huge property loss is caused, and even personal safety accidents are caused. From the accident situation of the flooding factory building, mainly there are inlet valve rupture, roof leakage and other water leakage facilities, tail water back-filling factory building and mountain floods and other external water directly rushing into the entrance of factory building. The first situation occurs relatively faster and the second two situations occur more slowly, leaving more time for the production personnel to dispose and escape, thus requiring enhanced monitoring and pre-disposal of the influent facility effluent. When the volute or the top cover leaks water, the water inlet ball valve can be closed rapidly by emergency closing; when the water inlet valve is broken and leaks water, the water inlet accident door or the pressure regulating well accident door at the upper end is closed in an emergency mode, water flow can be closed rapidly, and water inflow into a factory building is reduced as much as possible.
In order to prevent water from leaking out of a large amount of water in water inlet facilities such as water inlet valves and top covers of a hydropower station and causing flooding of a factory building, a set of waterproof flooding factory building control system is generally configured in the current mode, at least 3 sets of water level annunciators are arranged at the lowest layer of the factory building, three-selection-two logic judgment is adopted, and a water inlet valve and an accident door are closed in emergency linkage after the flooding of the factory building is determined. However, the mode of adopting the water level annunciator arranged at the bottommost gallery of the plant to monitor the accumulated water mainly has the hysteresis defect, because a water flowing process is needed from the occurrence of water leakage of the water inlet valve or the top cover to the occurrence of accumulated water in the bottommost gallery of the plant, the room floor where the valve or the top cover is often arranged is impacted and submerged by a large amount of water leakage at the moment, so that the water leakage accident can be monitored and judged near the leakage point at the first time, and the water inlet valve and the accident door are closed in a linkage way earlier, thereby being the key for reducing the personal and property loss of the water flooded plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of hysteresis in water leakage detection of the existing hydropower station water inlet facilities, and provides a water leakage judging method and device for the hydropower station water inlet facilities.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
in one aspect, a water leakage judging method for a water inlet facility of a hydropower station is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the running rotating speed of the unit, judging whether the unit is in a rated rotating speed working condition according to the running rotating speed, and if so, acquiring the output power of a generator and the water head pressure difference of the unit;
acquiring rated water head and rated idle flow of the unit, and calculating and acquiring the overload flow of the unit according to the output power, the water head pressure difference, the rated water head and the rated idle flow;
and obtaining the flow in the pressure steel pipe, calculating the difference value between the flow in the pressure steel pipe and the overload flow to obtain a flow difference, and judging whether water leakage exists or not according to the flow difference and the rated flow of the unit.
Further, judging whether the unit is in a rated rotation speed working condition according to the operation rotation speed, specifically comprising:
determining whether the operating speed satisfies |omega-omega r |≤1％ω r If so, judging that the unit is in the rated rotation speed working condition, otherwise, judging that the unit is not in the rated rotation speed working condition, wherein omega is the operation rotation speed of the unit and omega is the operation rotation speed of the unit r Is the rated rotation speed of the unit.
Further, the calculation formula of the overload flow is as follows:
in which Q 2 For the machine flow rate of the machine set, P e For the output power of the generator, Q nr For rated no-load flow of the unit, H r The hydraulic head pressure difference is the rated hydraulic head of the unit, and H is the hydraulic head pressure difference of the unit.
Further, judging whether water leakage exists according to the flow difference and the rated flow of the unit, specifically comprising:
and setting a threshold according to the rated flow, judging whether the flow difference is larger than the threshold, if so, judging that water leakage exists, otherwise, judging that water leakage does not exist.
Further, the threshold value is 5%Q r I.e. when ΔQ > 5%Q is satisfied r When water leakage is judged to exist, wherein DeltaQ is the flow difference, Q r Is the rated flow of the unit.
Further, the method further comprises:
when meeting 5%Q r ＜ΔQ≤10％Q r When the water leakage alarm signal is sent out after the time is delayed for a preset time length;
when meeting 10% Q r ＜ΔQ≤20％Q r And (3) after a preset time delay, sending out a water leakage alarm signal, and closing the water inlet valve and/or the accident door.
In another aspect, there is provided a water leakage judging device for a hydropower station water intake facility, the device comprising at least: a controller for:
acquiring the running rotating speed of the unit, judging whether the unit is in a rated rotating speed working condition according to the running rotating speed, and if so, acquiring the output power of a generator and the water head pressure difference of the unit;
acquiring rated water head and rated idle flow of the unit, and calculating and acquiring the overload flow of the unit according to the output power, the water head pressure difference, the rated water head and the rated idle flow;
and obtaining the flow in the pressure steel pipe, calculating the difference value between the flow in the pressure steel pipe and the overload flow to obtain a flow difference, and judging whether water leakage exists or not according to the flow difference and the rated flow of the unit.
Further, the controller is specifically configured to:
determining whether the operating speed satisfies |omega-omega r |≤1％ω r If so, judging that the unit is in the rated rotation speed working condition, otherwise, judging that the unit is not in the rated rotation speed working condition, wherein omega is the operation rotation speed of the unit and omega is the operation rotation speed of the unit r Is the rated rotation speed of the unit.
Further, the calculation formula of the overload flow is as follows:
in which Q 2 For the machine flow rate of the machine set, P e For the output power of the generator, Q nr For rated no-load flow of the unit, H r The hydraulic head pressure difference is the rated hydraulic head of the unit, and H is the hydraulic head pressure difference of the unit.
Further, the controller is specifically configured to:
when DeltaQ > 5%Q is satisfied r When water leakage is judged to exist;
when meeting 5%Q r ＜ΔQ≤10％Q r When the water leakage alarm signal is sent out after the time is delayed for a preset time length;
when meeting 10% Q r ＜ΔQ≤20％Q r When the water leakage alarm signal is sent after the preset time is delayed, and the water inlet valve and/or the accident door are/is closed;
wherein ΔQ is the flow difference, Q r Is the rated flow of the unit.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the water leakage judging method and device for the hydropower station water inlet facility, disclosed by the invention, the water flow of the water inlet facility is directly monitored and calculated, so that judgment can be made at the first time, and the timeliness of water leakage detection is improved. Besides the water flow in the pressure steel pipe is obtained by arranging the flow measuring equipment on the pressure steel pipe, other monitoring equipment such as sensors are not required to be additionally arranged, and the conventional hydropower station is generally provided with the ultrasonic flow measuring equipment on the pressure steel pipe for monitoring the conventional flow of the unit, so that the monitoring cost and the maintenance workload are reduced. The invention can realize the water leakage monitoring of the whole flow passage from the arrangement position of the flow measuring equipment of the pressure steel pipe to the outlet of the rotating wheel, can realize seamless monitoring and improves the water leakage monitoring range. And because the ultrasonic flow measurement and the counter calculation of the machine set machine flow have the characteristics of high precision, the leakage water quantity can be accurately monitored, graded alarm can be made according to the leakage water quantity, and different linkage treatment measures can be made according to the alarm level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a water leakage judging method of a hydropower station water inlet facility according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a logic schematic diagram of a water leakage judging device of a hydropower station water inlet facility according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention aims to improve timeliness, accuracy and comprehensiveness of water leakage monitoring of a hydropower station water inlet facility, and simultaneously reduce monitoring cost, and provides a water leakage judging method and device of the hydropower station water inlet facility, wherein the main technical scheme comprises the following steps: acquiring the running rotating speed of the unit, judging whether the unit is in a rated rotating speed working condition according to the running rotating speed, and if so, acquiring the output power of a generator and the water head pressure difference of the unit; acquiring rated water head and rated idle flow of the unit, and calculating and acquiring the overload flow of the unit according to the output power, the water head pressure difference, the rated water head and the rated idle flow; and obtaining the flow in the pressure steel pipe, calculating the difference value between the flow in the pressure steel pipe and the overload flow to obtain a flow difference, and judging whether water leakage exists or not according to the flow difference and the rated flow of the unit.
It can be understood that the flow in the pressure steel pipe is detected through the existing flow measuring equipment, meanwhile, the machine passing flow of the machine set is reversely calculated through the output power, the running rotating speed and the water head signal of the existing machine set, then the flow difference between the flow in the pressure steel pipe and the machine passing flow is calculated, and the theoretical flow difference is always greater than or equal to zero. When the flow difference is smaller, the vast majority of water enters the unit, at the moment, water leakage is judged not to exist, when the flow difference is larger, the situation that part of water does not enter the unit is judged to occur, and at the moment, water leakage accidents are judged to occur, so that real-time accurate judgment on whether water leakage occurs in water inlet facilities is achieved.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the water leakage judging method for a hydropower station water inlet facility according to the embodiment of the invention includes:
it can be understood that the machine flow of the machine set can be accurately calculated in a reverse mode only when the machine set is in the rated rotation speed working condition. In this embodiment, a specific method for determining whether the unit is in the rated rotation speed working condition may be: determining whether the operating speed ω satisfies |ω - ω r |≤1％ω r If yes, judging that the unit is at the rated rotation speedIf not, judging that the unit is not in the rated rotation speed working condition, wherein omega r Is the rated rotation speed of the unit.
When the unit is determined to be in the rated rotation speed working condition, the output power P of the generator is collected e And the head pressure difference H of the unit, wherein the output power P of the generator e Can be detected by a power sensor of the generator, and the unit is m 3 The head pressure difference H of the unit can be measured by a pressure difference sensor of the unit, and the unit is m.
Step 2, obtaining rated water head H of unit r And rated no-load flow Q nr According to the output power P e Head differential pressure H and rated head H r And rated no-load flow Q nr Calculating to obtain the machine flow of the machine set;
it can be appreciated that when the hydro-generator set operates at the rated rotational speed under any water head condition, and the energy consumed by maintaining the turbine at the rated rotational speed is approximately constant, the power balance can be approximately expressed by the following formula:
9.81(QH-Q nr H r )≈P e ；
based on the above formula, the embodiment can indirectly calculate the flow rate of the flow through the unit as follows:
q for machine set overload flow in this embodiment 2 The expression is that:
step 3, obtaining the flow Q in the penstock 1 Calculating the flow Q in the pressure steel pipe 1 And the flow rate Q of the passing machine 2 Obtaining a flow difference DeltaQ according to the flow difference DeltaQ and the rated flow Q of the unit r Judging whether water leakage exists or not.
For a general hydropower station, the pressureUltrasonic flow measuring devices are arranged in the pressure steel pipes, and the flow Q in the pressure steel pipes can be detected through the ultrasonic flow measuring devices 1 In m 3 /s。
In this embodiment, the rated flow Q of the unit may be determined r Setting a threshold value, and judging the water leakage condition according to the magnitude relation between the flow quantity difference delta Q and the threshold value. Specifically, when the flow difference Δq is greater than a threshold, if yes, it is determined that there is water leakage, otherwise, it is determined that there is no water leakage.
Comprehensively considering the accuracy and the error of the actual situation, the embodiment sets the threshold value as 5%Q r I.e. when ΔQ > 5%Q is satisfied r And judging that water leakage exists when the water leakage exists.
In order to be convenient for the staff to know that the accident that leaks has taken place, guarantee the security of power station simultaneously, this embodiment is still through judging the size of flow difference DeltaQ to report to the police in grades and coordinated control, specifically includes:
when meeting 5%Q r ＜ΔQ≤10％Q r When the water leakage alarm signal is sent out after the time is delayed for a preset time length;
when meeting 10% Q r ＜ΔQ≤20％Q r And (3) after a preset time delay, sending out a water leakage alarm signal, and closing the water inlet valve and/or the accident door.
The preset duration may be set according to practical situations, and this embodiment is not limited to this, for example, 5 seconds.
It can be understood that when the flow difference deltaq exceeds the threshold value but is smaller, the water leakage condition is not particularly serious, and the water leakage alarm can be sent out through the alarm device so as to achieve the purpose of prompting the staff. When the flow difference delta Q exceeds a threshold value and is larger, the water leakage condition is serious, and the purpose of ensuring the safety of the hydropower station can be achieved by sending out a water leakage alarm and cutting off a water inlet valve or an accident door.
In summary, according to the water leakage judging method for the hydropower station water inlet facility provided by the embodiment, the water flow of the water inlet facility is directly monitored and calculated, so that the judgment can be made at the first time, and the timeliness of water leakage detection is improved. Besides the water flow in the pressure steel pipe is obtained by arranging the flow measuring equipment on the pressure steel pipe, other monitoring equipment such as sensors are not required to be additionally arranged, and the conventional hydropower station is generally provided with the ultrasonic flow measuring equipment on the pressure steel pipe for monitoring the conventional flow of the unit, so that the monitoring cost and the maintenance workload are reduced. The invention can realize the water leakage monitoring of the whole flow passage from the arrangement position of the flow measuring equipment of the pressure steel pipe to the outlet of the rotating wheel, can realize seamless monitoring and improves the water leakage monitoring range. And because the ultrasonic flow measurement and the counter calculation of the machine set machine flow have the characteristics of high precision, the leakage water quantity can be accurately monitored, graded alarm can be made according to the leakage water quantity, and different linkage treatment measures can be made according to the alarm level.
Based on the above technical scheme, this embodiment also provides a water leakage judging device of hydropower station water inlet facility, the device includes at least: referring to fig. 2, the controller is configured to:
acquiring the running rotating speed of the unit, judging whether the unit is in a rated rotating speed working condition according to the running rotating speed, and if so, acquiring the output power of a generator and the water head pressure difference of the unit;
acquiring rated water head and rated idle flow of the unit, and calculating and acquiring the overload flow of the unit according to the output power, the water head pressure difference, the rated water head and the rated idle flow;
and obtaining the flow in the pressure steel pipe, calculating the difference value between the flow in the pressure steel pipe and the overload flow to obtain a flow difference, and judging whether water leakage exists or not according to the flow difference and the rated flow of the unit.
It can be understood that, since the water leakage judging device of the hydropower station water inlet facility according to the embodiment of the present invention is a device for implementing the water leakage judging method of the hydropower station water inlet facility according to the embodiment, for the device disclosed in the embodiment, the description is simpler, and the relevant places refer to the part of the description of the method.
Claims (10)
1. The water leakage judging method for the hydropower station water inlet facility is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the running rotating speed of the unit, judging whether the unit is in a rated rotating speed working condition according to the running rotating speed, and if so, acquiring the output power of a generator and the water head pressure difference of the unit;
acquiring rated water head and rated idle flow of the unit, and calculating and acquiring the overload flow of the unit according to the output power, the water head pressure difference, the rated water head and the rated idle flow;
and obtaining the flow in the pressure steel pipe, calculating the difference value between the flow in the pressure steel pipe and the overload flow to obtain a flow difference, and judging whether water leakage exists or not according to the flow difference and the rated flow of the unit.
2. The method for judging water leakage of a hydropower station water inlet facility according to claim 1, wherein judging whether the unit is in a rated rotation speed working condition according to the operation rotation speed comprises the following steps:
determining whether the operating speed satisfies omega-omega r ≤1％ω r If so, judging that the unit is in the rated rotation speed working condition, otherwise, judging that the unit is not in the rated rotation speed working condition, wherein omega is the operation rotation speed of the unit and omega is the operation rotation speed of the unit r Is the rated rotation speed of the unit.
3. The water leakage judging method for a hydropower station water inlet facility according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the machine passing flow is as follows:
in which Q 2 For the machine flow rate of the machine set, P e For the output power of the generator, Q nr For rated no-load flow of the unit, H r The hydraulic head pressure difference is the rated hydraulic head of the unit, and H is the hydraulic head pressure difference of the unit.
4. The method for judging water leakage in a water inlet facility of a hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein judging whether water leakage exists or not based on the flow quantity difference and a rated flow of a unit, specifically comprises:
and setting a threshold according to the rated flow, judging whether the flow difference is larger than the threshold, if so, judging that water leakage exists, otherwise, judging that water leakage does not exist.
5. The method for determining water leakage in a water inlet facility of a hydroelectric power plant according to claim 4, wherein the threshold value is 5%Q r I.e. when ΔQ > 5%Q is satisfied r When water leakage is judged to exist, wherein DeltaQ is the flow difference, Q r Is the rated flow of the unit.
6. The water leakage judging method for a hydropower station water intake facility according to claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:
when meeting 5%Q r ＜ΔQ≤10％Q r When the water leakage alarm signal is sent out after the time is delayed for a preset time length;
when meeting 10% Q r ＜ΔQ≤20％Q r And (3) after a preset time delay, sending out a water leakage alarm signal, and closing the water inlet valve and/or the accident door.
7. The utility model provides a water leakage judgement device of power station water inlet facility which characterized in that, the device includes at least: a controller for:
acquiring the running rotating speed of the unit, judging whether the unit is in a rated rotating speed working condition according to the running rotating speed, and if so, acquiring the output power of a generator and the water head pressure difference of the unit;
acquiring rated water head and rated idle flow of the unit, and calculating and acquiring the overload flow of the unit according to the output power, the water head pressure difference, the rated water head and the rated idle flow;
and obtaining the flow in the pressure steel pipe, calculating the difference value between the flow in the pressure steel pipe and the overload flow to obtain a flow difference, and judging whether water leakage exists or not according to the flow difference and the rated flow of the unit.
8. The water leakage judging apparatus of a hydropower station water intake facility as set forth in claim 7, wherein said controller is specifically configured to:
determining whether the operating speed satisfies omega-omega r ≤1％ω r If so, judging that the unit is in the rated rotation speed working condition, otherwise, judging that the unit is not in the rated rotation speed working condition, wherein omega is the operation rotation speed of the unit and omega is the operation rotation speed of the unit r Is the rated rotation speed of the unit.
9. The water leakage judging device for a hydropower station water inlet facility according to claim 7, wherein the calculation formula of the machine passing flow is as follows:
in which Q 2 For the machine flow rate of the machine set, P e For the output power of the generator, Q nr For rated no-load flow of the unit, H r The hydraulic head pressure difference is the rated hydraulic head of the unit, and H is the hydraulic head pressure difference of the unit.
10. The water leakage judging apparatus of a hydropower station water intake facility as set forth in claim 7, wherein said controller is specifically configured to:
when DeltaQ > 5%Q is satisfied r When water leakage is judged to exist;
when meeting 5%Q r ＜ΔQ≤10％Q r When the water leakage alarm signal is sent out after the time is delayed for a preset time length;
when meeting 10% Q r ＜ΔQ≤20％Q r When the water leakage alarm signal is sent after the preset time is delayed, and the water inlet valve and/or the accident door are/is closed;
wherein ΔQ is the flow difference, Q r Is the rated flow of the unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310102883.6A CN115993221A (en) | 2023-02-01 | 2023-02-01 | Water leakage judging method and device for hydropower station water inlet facility |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310102883.6A CN115993221A (en) | 2023-02-01 | 2023-02-01 | Water leakage judging method and device for hydropower station water inlet facility |
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| CN202310102883.6A Pending CN115993221A (en) | 2023-02-01 | 2023-02-01 | Water leakage judging method and device for hydropower station water inlet facility |
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