CN115777489A - Biological greening method for garden engineering - Google Patents
Biological greening method for garden engineering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of landscaping, and provides a biological greening method for garden engineering, which mainly comprises preparation technologies of a microbial compound microbial inoculum, rhizosphere soil, growth soil and the like suitable for improving soil. The method can effectively improve the raw soil, improve the microbial community structure of the raw soil, increase the granular structure of the raw soil, improve the planting survival rate of seedlings for raw soil greening and promote the growth of seedlings for raw soil landscaping.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of landscaping, and particularly relates to a biological greening method for garden engineering.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
With the continuous progress of society and the continuous improvement of requirements of people on living environment, many greening projects are in areas with relatively poor environment, such as the sides of roads, abandoned mines, refuse landfills, ditches and the like, the areas are not cultivated, most of soil is raw soil, and the greening difficulty is high. The raw soil is soil which is not cultivated and cured, the soil quality is generally firm, the organic matter content is low, the soil aggregate structure is poor, the water and fertilizer absorption and retention performance is low, the physical and chemical properties are poor, the microorganism activity is weak, the raw soil is not suitable for the normal growth of crops, and the raw soil is suitable for cultivation after being improved into mature soil. The raw soil can be used only after being improved or aged. At present, the landscaping in a raw soil environment mostly adopts a soil-bearing method, namely, the raw soil is covered with mellow soil. Transporting the mellow soil in the farmland to a raw soil area needing greening, covering the mellow soil on the leveled raw soil to achieve the purpose of improving the raw soil, and then greening and the like. The method has high transportation cost and large workload, and the growth limit of the green nursery stocks at the later stage is also large if the amount of the mellow soil is insufficient.
The method for improving the raw soil and utilizing the raw soil in situ as much as possible is an effective method for landscaping engineering in the areas. At present, the soil improvement mainly adopts measures of in-situ sand spreading, soil conditioner application, organic fertilizer and other organic improvement materials, and the like, and can play a certain role in soil improvement. For example, a raw soil curing formula and a raw soil curing method (patent number: 202110572830) adopt raw soil, yellow sand, turf, organic fertilizer, coconut husk, a microbial agent and a soil conditioner to improve the raw soil, and a curing agent and application thereof in promoting raw soil curing of a mine waste dump (patent number: 2021102297101) disclose that the curing agent comprises Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) and gulonic acid mother liquor, and has a remarkable curing effect on the raw soil of the mine waste dump. However, the existing soil improvement method or formula has poor pertinence, and cannot be directly applied to raw soil landscaping work.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for improving the living soil organisms in the landscaping project, which mainly comprises the preparation technologies of a microbial compound inoculant suitable for improving the living soil, rhizosphere soil, growing soil and the like. The method can effectively improve the raw soil, improve the microbial community structure of the raw soil, increase the granular structure of the raw soil, improve the planting survival rate of seedlings for raw soil greening and promote the growth of seedlings for raw soil landscaping.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for biological greening in garden engineering, comprising:
mixing grass peat, wormcast and weathered coal according to a volume ratio of 5:1 to 2: 0.2-0.3 to form rhizosphere bacteria agent adsorption carrier;
bacillus subtilis GE2: bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei according to viable count 4:2 to 4: 0.2-0.5 to form a rhizosphere liquid microbial composite inoculum;
inoculating the rhizosphere liquid compound microbial inoculum into a rhizosphere microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 5-6 percent (mL/g) to form a rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum;
raw soil, a rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum, grass peat and decomposed chicken manure are mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:1 to 1.5:3 to 4: 1-2 to form rhizosphere soil;
in addition, mixing decomposed chicken manure, wormcast and weathered coal according to a volume ratio of 5:2 to 3: mixing the components in a ratio of 0.5-1 to form a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier;
bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei according to viable count 4: 3-4 to form a growth liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum;
inoculating the growth liquid microbial compound inoculum into a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 6-10 percent (mL/g) to form a growth solid microbial inoculum;
mixing raw soil: organic fertilizer: growing the solid microbial inoculum according to the volume ratio of 5:3 to 4:0.5 to 1, and then adding a graft copolymerization humic acid and bentonite high water absorption composite material with the weight ratio of 0.3 to 0.6 per mill to form growth soil;
when planting green nursery stocks, enclosing the root systems of the nursery stocks by non-woven fabrics, filling the root enclosing soil in the non-woven fabrics, filling the growing soil between the non-woven fabrics and the tree holes, planting the green nursery stocks, watering and managing to obtain the green nursery stocks.
Aiming at the current condition of raw soil improvement, the invention provides a method for biologically improving raw soil in landscaping engineering, which improves the raw soil utilization rate of the landscaping engineering, improves the survival rate and the preservation rate of green seedlings in a raw soil area and promotes the growth of the seedlings by key technologies such as microbial compound bacteria, rhizosphere soil, growth soil preparation and the like which are suitable for raw soil improvement.
In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the above method in green soil landscaping.
The invention has the advantages of
(1) The invention utilizes a biological method to improve the raw soil for landscaping, and aims at the survival and later growth of the greening nursery stock, the greening nursery stock is divided into the rhizosphere soil and the growth soil for backfilling, thereby reducing the transportation cost of the foreign soil and greatly reducing the labor.
(2) The rhizosphere liquid microorganism compound microbial inoculum taking the bacillus subtilis GE2 and the bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 as main components is suitable for barren soil environments, can survive in the soil environment, is favorable for greening seedling rooting and improving the survival rate.
(3) The growth liquid microorganism compound microbial inoculum taking the bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and the lactobacillus casei as main modifying agents can improve the microbial community structure of raw soil, improve the aggregate structure of soil, improve the preservation rate of green seedlings and promote the growth of the seedlings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention, and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of greening seedling planting performed by the invention.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
A landscaping engineering biological greening method comprises the following steps:
grass carbon: earthworm cast: weathered coal is mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:1 to 2: 0.2-0.3 to form the rhizosphere bacteria agent adsorption carrier.
Bacillus subtilis GE2: bacillus aryabhattai (Bacillus aryabhattai) BPR088 and lactobacillus casei were determined according to viable count =4:2 to 4: 0.2-0.5 to form the rhizosphere liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum.
The Bacillus subtilis GE2 has been preserved in the general microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms (address: no. 3 of Xilu No.1 of Beijing Kogyo of China, chaoyang district, beijing) in 1 month and 7 days in 2016, and the preservation number is CGMCC No.11965.
The Bacillus aryabhattai (Bacillus aryabhattai) BPR088 is preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center (address: no. 3 of Xilu 1N. Of the North Chen of the Chaoyang district, beijing, china) in 2016, 1 month and 7 days, and the preservation number is CGMCC No.11972.
The Lactobacillus casei (Lactobacillus casei) used in the invention is derived from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC), and the number of the strain is 2.0666. Commercially available, and their culture and growth conditions are described in the instructions provided by the culture Collection.
Inoculating the rhizosphere liquid compound microbial inoculum to a rhizosphere microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 5-6% (mL/g) to form a rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum.
According to the raw soil: rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum: grass carbon: rotten chicken manure =5:1 to 1.5:3 to 4: 1-2 to form the rhizosphere soil (volume ratio).
Decomposed chicken manure: earthworm cast: weathered coal is mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:2 to 3: 0.5-1 to form the growth bacterial agent adsorption carrier.
Bacillus aryabhattai (Bacillus aryabhattai) BPR088 and lactobacillus casei were determined according to viable count =4: 3-4 to form the growth liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum.
Inoculating the growth liquid compound microbial inoculum to a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 6-10% (mL/g) to form a growth solid microbial inoculum.
According to the raw soil: organic fertilizer: growth solid inoculum =5:3 to 4:0.5 to 1, and then adding a graft copolymerization humic acid and bentonite high water absorption composite material with the weight ratio of 0.3 to 0.6 per mill to form the growth soil.
The graft copolymerization humic acid and bentonite high water absorption composite material is prepared by the patent of 'graft copolymerization humic acid and bentonite high water absorption composite material and a manufacturing method thereof' (patent number: 2007101145506).
When the landscaping seedlings are planted, circular tree holes are dug, and the height and the depth of the tree holes are determined according to the sizes of transplanted seedlings. The raw soil in the tree pit is preferably dug out more than half a year ahead, and the tree pit is fully aired and reversed for a plurality of times during the period. When planting green nursery stock, degradable non-woven fabric is used to surround the nursery stock root system, root surrounding soil is filled in the non-woven fabric, then growing soil is filled between the non-woven fabric and the tree pit, then planting green nursery stock according to the conventional method, watering and managing.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and not limiting.
Example 1 Effect of rhizosphere soil and growing soil
The preparation method of the rhizosphere soil comprises the following steps: grass carbon: wormcast: weathered coal is mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:1.5:0.2 to form the rhizosphere bacteria agent adsorption carrier. B, mixing the bacillus subtilis GE2: bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei were determined according to viable count =4:2:0.5 to form the rhizosphere liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum. Inoculating the rhizosphere liquid compound microbial inoculum to a rhizosphere microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 5% (mL/g) to form a rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum. According to the raw soil: rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum: grass carbon: the volume ratio of the decomposed chicken manure is =5:1.5:3:1 to form the rhizosphere soil.
The preparation method of the growing soil comprises the following steps:
decomposed chicken manure: earthworm cast: weathered coal is mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:3:0.5 to form a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier; bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei were tested according to viable count =4:4 to form a growth liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum; inoculating the growth liquid compound microbial inoculum to a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 10 percent (mL/g) to form a growth solid microbial inoculum. According to the raw soil: organic fertilizer: growth solid inoculum =5:4:0.5, and then adding a graft copolymerization humic acid and bentonite high water absorption composite material with the weight ratio of 0.3 per mill to form the growth soil.
Adopt experiment cultivated in a pot, set up three processing, be planting respectively for (1) experimental group: according to the technical scheme of the invention, the rhizosphere soil and the growth soil are respectively filled; (2) control group 1: during planting, the rhizosphere soil and the growth soil are not divided, and the rhizosphere soil is added; (3) control group 2: when planting, the root enclosing soil and the growth soil are not divided, and the growth soil is added. The pot experiment soil comes from raw soil on two banks of Wen river in Jinan, the nursery stocks adopt white wax seedlings, the white wax seedlings with basically consistent growth vigor are selected for transplanting in 31 days 4 and 31 months in 2021 years, the pot height is 25cm, the pot width is 36cm, the transplanting is repeated for 3 times every 30 pots, the survival rate in the current year is calculated, the plant height and the ground diameter are measured, and the next-year storage rate is calculated in 26 days 8 and 26 months in 2022 years. As can be seen from Table 1, the method can remarkably improve the survival rate and the next-year storage rate of the fraxinus chinensis seedlings, and can remarkably promote the growth of the seedling height and the ground diameter of the seedlings.
TABLE 1 survival rate and growth status of different treated white waxes
Example 2 Effect of the strains of the invention
The preparation method of the rhizosphere soil and the growth soil of the experimental group comprises the following steps:
grass carbon: earthworm cast: weathered coal is mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:2:0.3 to form the rhizosphere bacteria agent adsorption carrier. B, mixing the bacillus subtilis GE2: bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei were tested according to viable count =4:4:0.2 to form the rhizosphere liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum. Inoculating the rhizosphere liquid compound microbial inoculum to a rhizosphere microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 5% (mL/g) to form a rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum. According to the raw soil: rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum: grass carbon: the volume ratio of the decomposed chicken manure is =5:1:3:2 to form the rhizosphere soil.
Decomposed chicken manure: earthworm cast: weathered coal is mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:2:0.8 to form a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier; bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei were determined according to viable count =4:4 to form a growth liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum; inoculating the growth liquid compound microbial inoculum to a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 8 percent (mL/g) to form a growth solid microbial inoculum. According to the raw soil: organic fertilizer: growth solid inoculum =5:3:1, and then adding a graft copolymerization humic acid and bentonite high water absorption composite material with the weight ratio of 0.5 per mill to form the growth soil.
The preparation method of the rhizosphere soil and the growth soil of the control group 1 comprises the following steps:
replacing bacillus subtilis GE2 with bacillus subtilis GE1, replacing bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 with bacillus aryabhattai JIA2, and preparing rhizosphere soil and growth soil according to the same method as the treatment 1.
Bacillus subtilis GE1 and Bacillus aryabhattai JIA2 are strains screened by the inventor, and are both preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center (address: no. 3 of Xilu 1. North Chen in the south-facing area, beijing, china), and the preservation numbers thereof are CGMCC No.11964 and CGMCC No.11971, and the preparation method of the rhizosphere soil and the growth soil of a control group 2 is as follows:
replacing bacillus subtilis GE2 and bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 with bacillus fusiformis L106, and preparing rhizosphere soil and growth soil according to the same method as the treatment 1.
The Bacillus fusiformis L106 is a strain screened by the inventor, is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms (address: no. 3 Xilu-Shih-1-Beijing, chaoyang, china), and has a preservation number of CGMCC No.7666.
The potting experiment is adopted, the potting experiment soil is raw soil from both banks of the Wen river in Jinan, and the nursery stock is white wax seedling. And selecting the white wax seedlings with basically consistent growth vigor for transplanting in 30 days of 2021 year, 4 months and 4 months, wherein the height of the pot is 25cm, and the width of the pot is 36cm. During transplanting, rhizosphere soil is added and the rhizosphere soil grows according to the experimental design related to respective treatment, 30 pots are treated each time, the process is repeated for 3 times, the survival rate of the current year is calculated, and the plant height and the ground diameter are measured. As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the control group 1 and the control group 2, the technical scheme of the invention can obviously improve the survival rate of the fraxinus chinensis seedlings and can obviously promote the growth of the seedling height and the ground diameter of the seedlings.
TABLE 2 survival rate and growth status of different treated white waxes
Example 3 microbial inoculum adsorption Carrier
The preparation method of the rhizosphere soil and the growth soil of the experimental group comprises the following steps:
grass carbon: earthworm cast: weathered coal is mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:1:0.2 to form the rhizosphere bacteria agent adsorption carrier. B, mixing the bacillus subtilis GE2: bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei were determined according to viable count =4:3:0.5 to form the rhizosphere liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum. Inoculating the rhizosphere liquid compound microbial inoculum to a rhizosphere microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 5% (mL/g) to form a rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum. According to the raw soil: rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum: grass carbon: the volume ratio of the decomposed chicken manure is =5:1.5:3:2 to form the rhizosphere soil.
Decomposed chicken manure: wormcast: weathered coal is prepared from 5:3:0.8 to form a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier; bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei were determined according to viable count =4:3 to form a growth liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum; inoculating the growth liquid compound microbial inoculum to a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 10 percent (mL/g) to form a growth solid microbial inoculum. According to the raw soil: organic fertilizer: growth solid inoculum =5:4:1, and then adding a graft copolymerization humic acid and bentonite high water absorption composite material with the weight ratio of 0.3 per mill to form the growth soil.
The preparation method of the rhizosphere soil and the growth soil of the control group comprises the following steps:
replacing rhizosphere bacteria adsorption carriers and growth bacteria adsorption carriers of the experimental group with grass peat, and only preparing rhizosphere soil and growth soil according to the same steps.
A greening experiment is arranged at a base of a comprehensive treatment project at both banks of Wenshun river in Jinan, and the nursery stock adopts hibiscus. Transplanting is carried out 26 days in 2022, 3 months and 2022 months, rhizosphere soil and growth soil are filled in according to experimental design, survival rate is investigated in 2022, 9 months, and the number of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of an experimental group and a control group is measured. The results showed that the number of bacteria in the experimental group was 5.1X 10 5 CFU/g, the number of bacteria in the control group is only 5.7 multiplied by 10 4 CFU/g, the survival rate of the experimental group reaches 92.4%, and the survival rate of the control group reaches 83.7%, so that the carrier disclosed by the invention is beneficial to growth and propagation of microorganisms, further the number of the microorganisms is increased, the effect is better exerted, and the survival rate of nursery stocks is increased.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A garden engineering biological greening method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing grass peat, wormcast and weathered coal according to a volume ratio of 5:1 to 2: 0.2-0.3 to form rhizobacteria agent adsorption carrier;
bacillus subtilis GE2: bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei according to viable count 4:2 to 4: 0.2-0.5 to form a rhizosphere liquid microbial composite inoculum;
inoculating the rhizosphere liquid compound microbial inoculum into a rhizosphere microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 5-6 percent (mL/g) to form a rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum;
raw soil, a rhizosphere solid microbial inoculum, grass peat and decomposed chicken manure are mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:1 to 1.5:3 to 4: 1-2 to form rhizosphere soil;
in addition, mixing decomposed chicken manure, wormcast and weathered coal according to a volume ratio of 5:2 to 3: 0.5-1 to form a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier;
bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 and lactobacillus casei according to viable count 4: 3-4 to form a growth liquid microorganism composite microbial inoculum;
inoculating the growth liquid microbial compound inoculum into a growth microbial inoculum adsorption carrier according to the proportion of 6-10 percent (mL/g) to form a growth solid microbial inoculum;
mixing raw soil: organic fertilizer: growing the solid microbial inoculum according to the volume ratio of 5:3 to 4:0.5 to 1, and then adding a graft copolymerization humic acid and bentonite high water absorption composite material with the weight ratio of 0.3 to 0.6 per mill to form the growth soil;
when planting green nursery stocks, enclosing the periphery of the nursery stock root system by using non-woven fabrics, filling the root enclosure soil in the non-woven fabrics, filling the growth soil between the non-woven fabrics and the plant pit, planting the green nursery stocks, watering and managing to obtain the green nursery stocks.
2. The landscaping biological greening method according to claim 1, wherein the Bacillus subtilis GE2 is deposited in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) at 1 month and 7 days of 2016, and has a deposit number of CGMCC No.11965 in No. 3 of Siro No.1 of the sunward area in Beijing, china.
3. The landscaping method according to claim 1, wherein the Bacillus aryabhattai BPR088 has been deposited in China general microbiological culture Collection center on 7/1/2016 at No. 3 Homeh No.1 Chen Xilu in the sunward area of Beijing, china with the deposition number CGMCC No.11972.
4. The landscaping method according to claim 1, wherein the Lactobacillus casei is derived from the china committee for culture collection of microorganisms common microbiological center CGMCC with the strain number 2.0666.
5. The method of bio-greening in garden engineering according to claim 1, wherein when planting the nursery stock for landscaping, a circular hole is dug, and the height and depth of the hole are determined according to the size of the nursery stock to be transplanted.
6. The method for biologically greening a garden as defined in claim 1, wherein said soil in said pit is dug out more than half a year in advance, during which said pit is fully aired and reversed several times.
7. The landscaping method of claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric is degradable.
8. The method for biologically greening a garden as defined in claim 1, wherein the nursery stock is a white wax seedling.
9. Use of the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 for green soil landscaping.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein the area where the greening work is located comprises: roadside, abandoned mine, refuse landfill, and roadside river.
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