CN115323376B - Enamel processing method using copper-clad oxide layer - Google Patents
Enamel processing method using copper-clad oxide layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN115323376B CN115323376B CN202210954172.7A CN202210954172A CN115323376B CN 115323376 B CN115323376 B CN 115323376B CN 202210954172 A CN202210954172 A CN 202210954172A CN 115323376 B CN115323376 B CN 115323376B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D3/00—Chemical treatment of the metal surfaces prior to coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D11/00—Continuous processes; Apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Abstract
The invention discloses an enamel processing method using a copper billet oxide layer, and belongs to the field of high-temperature enamel processing. The enamel processing method comprises the steps of cleaning and drying the surface of a copper tire, drawing a preset pattern on the surface of the copper tire by using ink, setting a region covered by the ink as a target oxide layer, and setting a region not covered by the ink as a non-target oxide layer; firing the copper oxide layer, taking out the copper tyre forming the oxide layer, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain a target oxide layer which is difficult to peel off; spraying CMC glue on the front and back surfaces of the copper billet, and covering enamel glaze on the front and back surfaces of the copper billet according to a design drawing; and (5) suspending the dried enamel piece, placing the enamel piece into a muffle furnace for firing, and taking out the enamel piece after the enamel is vitrified, thus obtaining the target enamel piece. The enamel processing method of the invention enables the surface of the copper billet to form a controllable wear-resistant oxide layer pattern, solves the problem that the oxide layer can not be stored according to the design requirement, improves the operation safety of copper billet processing compared with the traditional copper billet etching, carving and other processing technologies, and increases the new enamel process decoration effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high-temperature enamel processing, and particularly relates to an enamel processing method using a copper billet oxide layer.
Background
The enamel process is one of gradually vitrification of glaze on metal matrix in high temperature environment and includes the steps of preparing material, machining base, glazing enamel, high temperature firing, polishing, etc. The traditional enamel piece is deeply favored by consumers by virtue of exquisite and complex technology, and with the development of European and American modern art, the modern enamel art is gradually born, and the traditional firing method and novel art theme are broken through, so that the enamel piece becomes an object of attention of teachers and students of more enamel technicians or metal jewelry professionals.
Because of the limitation of the traditional enamel complex process, even if the contemporary enamel is not completely authored according to the strict process flow in the manufacturing process, the popularization and popularization of the contemporary enamel are difficult to be known and mastered by most people. The most commonly used metal in the enamel process is copper, a metal blank processed by the copper is called a copper blank, the copper blank processing prepared for the enamel process at present mainly forms a relief sense and a texture sense on the surface of the copper through carving, etching, hollowing and the like, and the layering sense and the decoration of the color are added for the subsequent enamel work, wherein the technology such as carving (the carving knife with tens of different shapes is needed), etching (the processing method of forming the surface relief by using the local corrosion of the metal surface by acid liquor), hollowing (the long-time sawing learning experience is needed) and the like has the problems of complex procedure, multiple processing tools, long processing time, medium and high risk operation and the like, and can be mastered after the professional gold work is needed to learn.
In addition, copper reacts very readily with oxygen at high temperatures to form copper oxide (black) and copper oxide (dark red), i.e., copper oxide layers. Because the shape of the formed copper oxide layer is random, and the oxide layer can be randomly peeled off in the copper cooling process, in order to avoid pollution caused by the mixture of oxide layer flying sheets and powder in unfired enamel glaze, a traditional high-temperature enamel can be used for 1:15 to remove the oxide layer on the surface. However, this treatment method has the following disadvantages: firstly, removing an oxide layer, which belongs to medium-high risk operation, and causing certain damage to skin by acid liquor; second, although copper oxide has a special color and beauty, the oxide naturally formed at high temperature takes on a mottled, sporadic or blurred shape, so that the oxide cannot show its decorative beauty in the old enamel process, and has not been used.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an enamel processing method using a copper-clad oxide layer, firstly, a pattern and a pattern with artistic and aesthetic properties are formed on the surface of a copper-clad by using a copper-clad oxide layer with controllable shape, and the whole process of copper-clad enamel manufacturing can be supported as in the conventional copper-clad processing (such as chiseling, etching, hollowing, etc.). Firstly, the area of the copper surface covered by the ink can prevent the oxide layer formed by copper in a high-temperature environment from peeling off, so that the range of the copper oxide layer from peeling off can be effectively controlled according to the ink coating area. Meanwhile, the oxidation layer protected by the ink has certain wear resistance, cannot be easily wiped by sand paper or fingers, and does not influence the manufacturing links of spreading, filling, burning, polishing and the like of enamel glaze. Secondly, the ink covering the copper surface is common marker ink (both oily ink and water-based ink can effectively keep the oxide layer on the copper surface from peeling off in the high-temperature and cooling process), and the ink source is convenient to obtain. Finally, the process of covering the copper surface with the ink is not different from the process of writing the ink on paper, plastic or glass, and the novel copper tire treatment process can be completed by non-professional people, and belongs to safe and simple operation.
Secondly, after the enamel glaze is covered on the copper surface containing the oxide layer, special enamel patterns or patterns ranging from black to dark red to red can be created through high-temperature firing at 780-850 ℃, and new enamel decorative effects different from traditional enamel effects such as carving, etching, hollowing and the like can be created. In addition, the operation of covering the metal surface with the ink is not limited to matched processing tools and places, and some new copper-clad enamel objects with larger sizes can be manufactured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an enamel processing method using a copper embryo oxide layer, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, cleaning and drying the surface of a copper tire;
step 2, drawing a preset pattern on the surface of the copper tire by using ink, wherein the area covered by the ink is set as a target oxide layer, and the area not covered by the ink is set as a non-target oxide layer;
step 3, placing the copper billet with the pattern drawn by the ink into a muffle furnace to fire a copper oxide layer, wherein the firing temperature is 650-700 ℃;
step 4, taking out the copper tyre with the oxide layer, and after the copper tyre is cooled to normal temperature, lightly wiping the non-target oxide layer by using a brush to obtain a target oxide layer which is difficult to peel off;
spraying CMC glue on the front and back surfaces of the copper billet, and covering the enamel glaze on the front and back surfaces of the copper billet according to a design drawing;
step 6, hanging the dried enamel piece in a muffle furnace by using a hanging and firing frame, wherein the firing temperature is 780-850 ℃;
and 7, taking out the enamel after the enamel is vitrified to obtain the target enamel piece.
Preferably, the steps 1-4 are repeated.
Preferably, steps 5-7 are repeated.
Preferably, in the step 1, the copper tyre is pure copper, the cleaning mode is that the surface stains of the copper tyre are polished by sand paper, the cleaning powder is dipped in, and the surface stains of the copper tyre are cleaned by clean water.
Preferably, in step 2, the ink is an ink containing resin, and most of the oil-based ink and the water-based ink products on the market are included, and the inks with different colors have an effect on the definition of the oxide layer pattern formed after firing, and the oil-based ink can make the target oxide layer clearly visible compared with the water-based ink.
More preferably, in step 2, the ink is a black ink marker.
Preferably, in the step 3, the firing temperature of the copper tyre is 650-700 ℃, the firing time is 60-120s, and the copper tyre is taken out within 120s and is cooled in a normal temperature environment.
Preferably, in step 4, the surface of the copper tyre after the temperature is removed is lightly wiped by a clean brush, so that the oxide layer in the area uncovered by the ink is peeled off, and the oxide layer which cannot be naturally peeled off or is still not peeled off after the brush is lightly wiped is reserved, and the reserved oxide layer is the target oxide layer.
Preferably, in step 5, after the target oxide layer is fully covered by the transparent enamel glaze, the non-transparent enamel glaze or the gold-silver foil is covered in the non-target oxide layer area, and the thickness of the whole covered enamel of the copper billet is 1mm, so that the copper billet is ensured to be fully covered by the enamel glaze.
Preferably, in the step 6, the firing temperature is 780-850 ℃ and the time is 60-120s, the firing temperature of the copper embryo enamel can be set according to design requirements, the color of the copper embryo oxide layer is black brown below 800 ℃, and the copper embryo oxide layer is dark red to rose red above 800 ℃.
Preferably, in step 7, the enamel glaze is heated from the muffle furnace observation hole until the enamel glaze turns red, and the enamel glaze is taken out after being in glass melting paste, and naturally cooled at normal temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a novel copper tire processing method, which enables the surface of a copper tire to form a controllable wear-resistant oxide layer pattern, and solves the problem that an oxide layer cannot be stored according to design requirements; the requirement on matched equipment required by the new copper billet processing method is low; the operation risks of traditional copper billet processing technologies such as copper billet etching, copper billet chiseling and the like are reduced; adding a new enamel process decoration effect; the non-professional crowd without the foundation of the golden worker can easily produce the novel decorative effect, and is convenient for the production and popularization of the novel enamel technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an enamel treatment process using a copper matrix oxide layer in an example.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an oxidized copper matrix enamel in an embodiment, wherein: 1 an oxide layer; 2 enamel glaze; 3, under-glaze; 4 copper tyre.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples thereof, which are provided on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and the detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, an enamel processing method using a copper-clad oxide layer is exemplarily provided, and includes the following steps:
step 1, cleaning and drying the surface of a copper tire;
step 2, drawing a preset pattern on the surface of the copper tire by using ink, wherein the area covered by the ink is set as a target oxide layer, and the area not covered by the ink is set as a non-target oxide layer;
step 3, placing the copper billet with the pattern drawn by the ink into a muffle furnace to fire a copper oxide layer, wherein the firing temperature is 650-700 ℃;
step 4, taking out the copper tyre with the oxide layer, and after the copper tyre is cooled to normal temperature, lightly wiping the non-target oxide layer by using a brush to obtain a target oxide layer which is difficult to peel off;
spraying CMC glue on the front and back surfaces of the copper billet, and covering the enamel glaze on the front and back surfaces of the copper billet according to a design drawing;
step 6, hanging the dried enamel piece in a muffle furnace by using a hanging and firing frame, wherein the firing temperature is 780-850 ℃;
and 7, taking out the enamel after the enamel is vitrified to obtain the target enamel piece.
In some embodiments, steps 1-4 are repeated.
In some embodiments, steps 5-7 are repeated.
In some embodiments, in step 1, the copper tyre is pure copper, the cleaning mode is that the copper tyre surface stains are sanded by sand paper, the cleaning powder is dipped in, and the copper tyre surface stains are cleaned by clean water.
In some embodiments, in step 2, the ink is a resin-containing ink, including most of the oil-based inks and water-based ink products on the market, and the inks of different colors have an effect on the sharpness of the oxide layer pattern formed after firing, and the oil-based ink is more visible to the target oxide layer than the water-based ink.
In some embodiments, in step 2, the ink is a black-colored ink marker.
In some embodiments, in step 3, the firing temperature of the copper tyre is 650-700 ℃, the firing time is 60-120s, and the copper tyre is taken out within 120s and cooled in a normal temperature environment.
In some embodiments, in step 4, the surface of the copper tyre after the temperature is removed is lightly wiped by a clean brush, so that the oxide layer in the area uncovered by the ink is peeled off, and the oxide layer which cannot be naturally peeled off or is still not peeled off after the brush is lightly wiped is reserved, and the reserved oxide layer is the target oxide layer.
In some embodiments, in step 5, after the target oxide layer is fully covered by the transparent enamel frit, the non-transparent enamel frit or the gold-silver foil is covered in the non-target oxide layer area, and the thickness of the whole covered enamel frit of the copper billet is 1mm, so that the copper billet is ensured to be fully covered by the enamel frit.
In some embodiments, in step 6, the firing temperature is 780-850 ℃ for 60-120s, the firing temperature of the copper-clad enamel can be set according to design requirements, the color of the copper-clad oxide layer is black brown below 800 ℃, and the copper-clad oxide layer is deep red to rose red above 800 ℃.
In some embodiments, in step 7, the enamel glaze is heated from the muffle furnace observation hole until the enamel glaze turns red, and the enamel glaze is taken out after being in glass melting paste, and naturally cooled at normal temperature.
Example 1
According to the enamel processing method using copper-clad oxide layer, copper-clad enamel structural member containing oxide layer is prepared, as shown in fig. 2, a part of area of copper-clad 4 is covered by ink, and after heating at 650-700 ℃, oxide layer 1 which cannot be easily peeled off and has a certain wear resistance is formed. After the oxide layer 1 is obtained, the enamel glaze 2 and the base glaze 3 are covered on the copper blank 4, and then the copper blank is fired at 780-850 ℃ to make the oxide layer 1 appear black brown to rose, and make the enamel glaze 2 and the base glaze 3 appear glassy.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications and substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An enamel processing method using a copper matrix oxide layer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, cleaning and drying the surface of a copper tire;
step 2, drawing a preset pattern on the surface of the copper tire by using ink, wherein the area covered by the ink is set as a target oxide layer, and the area not covered by the ink is set as a non-target oxide layer;
step 3, putting the copper billet with the pattern drawn by the ink into a muffle furnace to fire the copper oxide layer, wherein the firing temperature is 650-700 ℃ and the firing time is 60-120s;
step 4, taking out the copper tyre with the oxide layer, and after the copper tyre is cooled to normal temperature, lightly wiping the non-target oxide layer by using a brush to obtain a target oxide layer which is difficult to peel off;
spraying CMC glue on the front and back surfaces of the copper billet, and covering the enamel glaze on the front and back surfaces of the copper billet according to a design drawing;
step 6, hanging the dried enamel piece in a muffle furnace by using a hanging and firing frame, wherein the firing temperature is 780-850 ℃ and the firing time is 60-120s;
and 7, taking out the enamel after the enamel is vitrified to obtain the target enamel piece.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising repeating steps 1-4.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising repeating steps 5-7.
4. The method for processing enamel using an oxide layer of a copper matrix according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the copper matrix is pure copper, the cleaning mode is to sand stains on the surface of the copper matrix by sand paper, dipping in the cleaning powder, and cleaning the stains on the surface of the copper matrix by clean water.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the ink is a resin-containing ink including an oily ink and an aqueous ink product.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step 2, the ink is a black ink marker.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, the surface of the copper tyre after the annealing is lightly wiped with a clean brush, so that the oxide layer in the area uncovered by the ink is peeled off, and the oxide layer which cannot be naturally peeled off or is not peeled off after the brush is lightly wiped is remained, and the remained oxide layer is the target oxide layer.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, after the target oxide layer is covered with the transparent enamel frit, the non-transparent enamel frit or the gold-silver foil is covered in the non-target oxide layer region, and the thickness of the whole covered enamel frit of the copper matrix is 1mm, so that the copper matrix is completely covered with the enamel frit.
9. The method for producing enamel using a copper matrix oxide layer according to claim 1, wherein in step 7, the enamel glaze is heated to a full red state when viewed from a muffle furnace observation hole, and is taken out in a glass slurry state, and naturally cooled at room temperature.
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