CN115308088A - Multifunctional clamp for solderability test, testing method and application - Google Patents
Multifunctional clamp for solderability test, testing method and application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 185
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional clamp for a brazeability test, a test method and application. The baffle and the pressing plate are additionally arranged at different positions of the base according to different use functions, and the effect of fixing a sample is achieved. The sliding sheet, the sample carrying table and the pressing plate are connected in a fastening mode through screws, and threaded holes are formed in the sample carrying table. The slide plate is provided with a threaded hole in the same way as the side surface of the baffle plate, and the position of the slide plate on the base is adjusted through a fastening screw. The invention has the remarkable effects that: the gap and the joint filling angle of the brazed joint are flexibly adjusted through the slide rail and the guide rail, the fixed clamping of the wettability and joint filling test is realized through the matching of the baffle and the fastening screw, the brazed lap joint is prepared, and the influence of external factors on the data precision, accuracy and reliability in the test process is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional clamp for a solderability test, which is applied to the solderability test of various materials and the evaluation test of the wettability, the caulking property and the soldering clearance of brazing filler metal, and belongs to the field of welding and connection.
Background
Brazing is a welding method that relies on liquid brazing filler metal to fill the gaps in the base metal and form a metallic bond with it to join the metals under the action of capillary attraction. The formation of the braze joint involves two processes: (1) filling brazing filler metal into brazing seams; and (2) interaction process of the brazing filler metal and the base metal. The quality of the formation and shaping of the braze joint is manifested by the ability of the material to adapt to the brazing process, i.e. the manufacturability of the material. During the brazing process, a firm joint can be formed only when the liquid brazing filler metal fully flows into and fills all gaps and can well interact with the base metal. Therefore, a series of standards for evaluating the manufacturability of brazing are established in China, such as GB/T11364-2008 < solder wettability test method >, GB/T11363-2008 < brazing joint strength test method >, and the like, and the standards specify the size and the specific test scheme of a sample. The testing and evaluation of the wettability and joint filling performance of the brazing filler metal are very important process performance indexes for measuring the quality of brazed joints and are also the most common evaluation indexes. Testing according to GB/T11364-2008 solder wettability test method, placing a certain mass of solder on a horizontally placed base metal, covering the solder with a soldering flux, heating, preserving heat, and finally measuring the spreading area of the solder after wetting. During a solder wettability test, a detected wettability test piece is not easy to ensure absolute level, the solder is unstable to place or the test piece is inclined due to environmental factors, external mechanical factors and the like, the solder is spread towards a lower position after being heated and melted, and the wetting spreading area cannot really represent the actual wetting spreading capacity of the solder on the base metal. When the joint filling performance is tested, the size of the brazing gap of a test piece is difficult to control by adopting a simple horizontal lap joint mode, and the test result is also influenced by the uneven brazing gap. Aiming at the problems that the divergence is easily caused in the process performance test and the brazing process performance evaluation of the brazing joint or the related standards are not clearly specified, and the obvious difference between the test results is easily caused, the multifunctional clamp applied to the evaluation test of the wettability, the gap filling property and the brazing gap of the brazing filler metal is provided for the defects in the test process, and the influence of the operation error on the wetting performance test data of the brazing filler metal is avoided.
At present, the design of the brazing clamp focuses on the brazing of some specific parts with complex structural dimensions, for example, patents CN201510940415.1 and CN201610870445.4 propose the brazing clamp for uniform pressurization respectively for the problem of inconsistent gaps between different parts of the aluminum plate radiator and the metal folded sheet in the brazing process, but the precision and the stability are low and the function is single, and the clamping requirement of a laboratory on the brazing performance test cannot be met. And related inventions and patents of the clamp specially used for evaluating the processing performance of the brazing filler metal are few by searching related literature data. Patent CN201510865787.2 discloses a device and a fixture for evaluating the spreading performance of a brazing filler metal on a plate-shaped base metal by utilizing the capillary action of the molten liquid brazing filler metal to rise along the plate-shaped base metal with a certain angle. The patent technology is greatly different from a specific test scheme specified by national standards. Designed a anchor clamps that is used for regulating and control to braze and connects clearance in patent CN 213560433U, nevertheless the structure is comparatively complicated, and adopts the copper wire of different diameters to regulate and control the clearance, and is too near apart from connecting the bore bit angle, and the brazing filler metal easily takes effect with the copper wire during high temperature, has restricted the practicality of anchor clamps in the high temperature field of brazing. For a spreadability test, a caulking test and a brazing seam gap control test, no special fixture is provided or the fixture can only be used for fixing and clamping one of the performances, and the existing fixture is difficult to meet the requirements on precision, reliability and stability required by the test.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the background technology, the invention aims to provide a multifunctional clamp for a solderability test, aiming at the problems that divergence is easily caused in the process performance test and the solderability evaluation of a soldered joint or related standards are not clearly specified, and obvious difference between test results is easily caused, and the test and the detection of the related solderability can be completed by referring to the national standards GB/T11364-2008 solder wettability test method, GB/T11364-89 solder spreadability and caulking test method and GB/T11363-2008 soldered joint strength test method.
The invention provides a multifunctional clamp for a brazeability test, which comprises: the base for placing experimental base material, the baffle and the clamp plate that are used for fixed base material position, slip mounting plate and carry the appearance platform, the base top is equipped with the sample groove, carry the appearance platform to be located on the base, the slip mounting plate passes through clamp plate fix with screw and carries the appearance bench, carries the upper portion and the both sides that the appearance bench is located the base to with the vertical sliding fit of base, carry the position of appearance bench on the base and pass through screw adjustment.
Furthermore, a baffle plate and a pressure plate are additionally arranged at different positions of the base according to different use functions, and the function of the baffle plate is to fix the sample.
Further, the sliding fastening plate is in sliding fit with two sides of the base through sliding rails.
Further, the base materials are an upper plate and a lower plate, the upper plate is arranged on the sample carrying table, the lower plate is arranged in a sample groove on the base, after the lap joint distance between the upper plate and the lower plate is adjusted, the upper plate and the lower plate are fixed through pressing plates and baffle plate screws respectively, the gap between the lap joint of the upper plate and the lower plate is adjusted in a vertical moving mode through a sliding fastening plate along a base sliding rail, after the adjustment is completed, the upper plate and the lower plate are fixed with the base through screws, brazing filler metal is arranged at the lap joint of the two plate-shaped base materials, then brazing flux is uniformly coated, the furnace body of the heating furnace is moved, and the welding is carried out in a clamping experiment.
Further, the sample base material lower plate is arranged in a sample groove of the base, a groove is formed in the upper surface of the sample carrying table, the base material upper plate is inserted into the groove in the sample carrying table and is perpendicular to the base material lower plate, the angle between the lower edge of the base material upper plate and the angle between the upper surface of the base material lower plate are adjusted in a vertical mode through a sliding fastening plate along a base sliding rail and fixed with the base through screws after adjustment is completed, brazing filler metal is arranged at the lap joint of the two plate-shaped base materials, then brazing flux is uniformly coated, a furnace body of the heating furnace is moved, and clamping experiment welding is conducted.
Further, the application of the multifunctional clamp: the test piece is used for a spreadability test, a caulking test and a control test of a brazing gap.
Further, the solder spreading performance test method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing brazing filler metal, brazing flux and a base metal, wherein the size of the base metal is 40 x 40mm, the thickness of the base metal is 1-3mm, the test surface of the base metal is flat and smooth, the brazing filler metal used for the test is in a block shape, and the brazing flux is used in an amount capable of covering the brazing filler metal;
the second step: the base material is placed on the surface of the base, the horizontal displacement of the base material is limited in a screw fastening mode by using a baffle plate, and the pressing plate, the sliding fastening plate and the sample loading platform are longitudinally and tightly assembled by fastening screws and then are fastened on the base by the screws so as to further limit the translation of the base material. Placing the prepared brazing filler metal on the surface of a base metal, uniformly coating brazing flux, and placing a clamping sample on a rack;
the third step: moving the furnace body of the heating furnace, enabling the clamping sample placed on the rack to enter the heating furnace, heating to 30-50 ℃ above the liquidus temperature of the brazing filler metal, preserving heat for 30-80 seconds, and melting the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux and wetting and spreading the brazing filler metal on the surface of the test parent metal;
the fourth step: and taking out the clamping sample, and measuring the spreading area of the brazing filler metal on the surface of the base metal after the brazing filler metal is melted so as to evaluate the spreading performance of the brazing filler metal on the plate-shaped base metal.
Further, the brazing gap testing method includes the steps of:
the first step is as follows: preparing brazing filler metal, brazing flux and a base metal, wherein the size of the base metal is (10-20) × (30-50) mm, the thickness of the base metal is 1-3mm, the test surface of the base metal is flat and smooth, the using amount of the brazing filler metal needs to be ensured to be enough to fill a brazing gap after being melted, the using amount of the brazing flux can cover the brazing filler metal, and a gap filler gauge is prepared;
the second step is that: the method comprises the steps of placing a base material (lower plate) on the surface of a base, limiting the movement of a plate-shaped base material in a screw fastening mode by using a baffle plate, wedging a pressing plate, the base material (upper plate), a sliding fastening plate and a sample loading platform into a sliding rail on the base after the base material is longitudinally and tightly assembled by fastening screws, suspending the sliding rail above the base surface base material, adjusting the lapping distance of the base material to 3-5mm, placing a gap plug gauge at the lapping position of the base material, fastening the sliding fastening plate on the base by using the fastening screws, and then drawing out the gap plug gauge, wherein the brazing gap can be adjusted between 0.01 mm and 0.3 mm. Placing the prepared brazing filler metal at the brazing angle of the lap joint, then uniformly coating brazing flux, and placing a clamping sample on a rack;
the third step: moving the furnace body of the heating furnace, enabling the clamping sample placed on the rack to enter the heating furnace, heating to 30-50 ℃ above the liquidus temperature of the brazing filler metal, preserving heat for 30-80 s, melting the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux, wetting and filling the joints to form lap joints with metallurgical bonding;
the fourth step: and taking out the lap joint, observing the metallographic structure of the fixed gap lap joint and measuring the gap of the joint.
Further, the brazing filler metal joint filling performance testing method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing brazing filler metal, brazing flux and a base material, wherein the size of the base material is 30 x 110mm, the thickness of the base material is 2-4mm, and the ratio of the brazing filler metal to the brazing flux is 1: the test device comprises two plate-shaped base metals with a rectangular structure and a 100-gradient arrangement, wherein the test surface of the base metal is flat and smooth, the brazing filler metal for the test is blocky, and the brazing filler metal can be covered by the brazing flux;
the second step is that: one of the plate-shaped base materials is placed on the surface of a base, a sliding fastening plate and a sample carrying platform are vertically and tightly assembled through fastening screws and then wedged into a sliding rail on the base to be suspended above the base materials, the other plate-shaped base material is vertically placed on the surface of a bottom plate and inserted into a groove of the sample carrying platform, a baffle is used for limiting the movement of the two plate-shaped base materials in a screw fastening mode, and the distance between the edge of a vertical plate and the edge of the bottom plate is adjusted to 7-8mm. The position of the sliding fastening plate is adjusted, the distance from the bottom end of the groove on the sample platform to the surface of the bottom plate is ensured to be 1mm, and the sliding fastening plate is fastened on the base through fastening screws. Placing the prepared brazing filler metal at the intersection of two plate-shaped base metals, then uniformly coating brazing flux, and placing a clamping sample on a rack;
the third step: moving the furnace body of the heating furnace, enabling the plate-shaped base metal placed on the rack to enter the heating furnace, heating to the temperature which is 30-50 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature of the brazing filler metal, preserving heat for 30-80 s, melting the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux, and wetting and filling joints on the surface of the test base metal;
the fourth step: and taking out the plate-shaped base material, measuring at least one data of four data of height L2 and area S2 on the second plate-shaped body, area S1 on the first plate-shaped body and flow laying distance L1 after the brazing filler metal is melted, and evaluating the joint filling performance of the brazing filler metal on the plate-shaped base material by using the data L1 or L2 or S1 or S2 or S1+ S2 or S2/S1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the size design of the clamp is flexible, the size range of the structure can be customized according to a test sample, and the requirement of a laboratory on the detection of the solderability is met;
2. due to the arrangement of the flexible baffle, a plurality of samples can be subjected to a spreadability test at the same time;
3. the base is connected with the sliding fastening plate through a sliding rail, the fixed position of the sliding fastening plate is adjusted and controlled by the fastening screw at will, and the adjustment and control of the brazing gap and the arrangement of the gap filling test angle can be flexibly achieved.
To sum up, this multifunctional clamp simple structure, the practicality is strong, can be used for the test of spreadability and caulking nature and the clearance of regulation and control overlap joint that brazes, can regard as the clamping anchor clamps use of T type joint again simultaneously, and the precision is high, and stability is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a multi-function brazing property test jig;
FIG. 2 is an assembly view of a multifunctional jig for solderability test used in a spreadability test;
FIG. 3 is an assembly view of the multifunctional fixture for brazeability test used for the gap control test of the brazed lap joint;
FIG. 4 is an assembly view of the multifunctional jig for brazing property test used for caulking property test;
in the figure: 1-baffle, 2-fastening screw, 3-base, 4-sample groove, 5-threaded hole, 6-sliding rail, 7-sliding groove, 8-through hole, 9-pressing plate, 10-sliding fastening plate, 11-sample loading table, 12-groove, 13-blind hole, 14-wetting sample, 15-brazing sample and 16-joint filling sample.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly explain the technical characteristics of the invention, the invention is explained by the following detailed description and the attached drawings.
Example 1:
the brazing jig for the spreadability test according to the embodiment includes, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a base 3 for placing a test base material, and a baffle 1, a pressure plate 9, a sliding fastening plate 10 and a sample stage 11 for fixing the base material. The upper surface of the base 3 is provided with a sample groove 4, and two sides of the base are provided with slide rails 6; the baffle plate 1 is positioned on the side surface of the base 3 by a fastening screw 2; the pressing plate 9, the sliding fastening plate 10 and the sample carrying table 11 are longitudinally and tightly assembled through the fastening screws 2 and are fixed on the side surface of the base 3 through the fastening screws 2.
The solder spreading performance testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing brazing filler metal, brazing flux and a base metal, wherein the size of the base metal is 40 x 40mm, the thickness of the base metal is 1-3mm, the test surface of the base metal is flat and smooth, the brazing filler metal used for the test is in a block shape, and the brazing flux is used in an amount capable of covering the brazing filler metal;
the second step is that: a base material is placed on the surface of a base 3, the horizontal displacement of the base material is restricted by screwing using a baffle 1, and a pressure plate 9, a slide fastening plate 10, and a sample stage 11 are vertically tightly assembled by fastening screws 2 and then screwed to the base 3 to further restrict the translation of the base material. Placing the prepared brazing filler metal on the surface of a base metal, uniformly coating brazing flux, and placing a clamping sample on a rack;
the third step: moving the furnace body of the heating furnace, enabling the clamping sample placed on the rack to enter the heating furnace, heating to the temperature which is 30-50 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature of the brazing filler metal, preserving heat for 30-80 s, and melting the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux and wetting and spreading the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux on the surface of the test parent metal;
the fourth step: and taking out the clamping sample, and measuring the spreading area of the brazing filler metal on the surface of the base metal after the brazing filler metal is melted so as to evaluate the spreading performance of the brazing filler metal on the plate-shaped base metal.
Example 2:
the brazing fixture for the lap joint gap control test in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, includes a base 3 for bearing a brazing lap joint lower plate, a flexible baffle 1 for pressing the brazing lap joint lower plate, a sample loading table 11 for bearing a brazing lap joint upper plate, a sliding fastening plate 10 for adjusting a joint gap, and a pressing plate 9 for pressing the brazing lap joint upper plate. The upper surface of the base 3 is provided with a sample groove 4 with the depth smaller than the thickness of the lower plate of the brazed lap joint, and two sides of the sample groove are provided with slide rails 6 for guiding the position of a sliding fastening plate 10; the flexible baffle 1 is positioned on the upper surface of the lower plate of the brazed lap joint through a fastening screw 2; the two sides of the sliding fastening plate 10 are provided with sliding chutes 7 matched with the sliding rails 6, and the sliding fastening plate is positioned on the base 3 by fastening screws 2; the pressure plate 9, the sliding fastening plate 10 and the sample carrying table 11 are longitudinally and tightly assembled by fastening screws 2; the pressure plate 9 is positioned on the upper surface of the upper plate of the braze joint by the fastening screws 2. The pressure plate 9, the sliding fastening plate 10, the sample carrying table 11 and the upper plate of the brazing lap joint can freely slide along the slide rail 6 at the vertical position, the gap filler gauge is arranged between the joints and clamps the fastening screws 2 at two sides of the sliding fastening plate, and the brazing joint with a fixed gap can be obtained. The brazing gap can be accurately controlled by the correct use of the gap filler gauge.
The brazing gap testing method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing brazing filler metal, brazing flux and a base metal, wherein the size of the base metal is (10-20) × (30-50) mm, the thickness of the base metal is 1-3mm, the test surface of the base metal is flat and smooth, the using amount of the brazing filler metal needs to be ensured to be enough to fill a brazing gap after being melted, the using amount of the brazing flux can cover the brazing filler metal, and a gap filler gauge is prepared;
the second step: the method comprises the steps of placing a base material (lower plate) on the surface of a base, limiting the movement of the plate-shaped base material in a screw fastening mode by using a baffle, wedging a pressing plate, the base material (upper plate), a sliding fastening plate and a sample loading platform into a sliding rail on the base after the base is longitudinally and tightly assembled by fastening screws, suspending the sliding rail above the base surface base material, adjusting the lapping distance of the base material to 3-5mm, placing a gap plug gauge at the lapping position of the two plate-shaped base materials, fastening the sliding fastening plate on the base by using the fastening screws, then drawing out the gap plug gauge, and adjusting the gap of a brazing seam between 0.01 mm and 0.3 mm. Placing the prepared brazing filler metal at the brazing angle of the lap joint, then uniformly coating brazing flux, and placing a clamping sample on a rack;
the third step: moving the furnace body of the heating furnace, enabling the clamping sample placed on the rack to enter the heating furnace, heating to 30-50 ℃ above the liquidus temperature of the brazing filler metal, preserving heat for 30-80 s, melting the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux, wetting and filling the joints to form lap joints with metallurgical bonding;
the fourth step: and taking out the lap joint, observing the metallographic structure of the fixed gap lap joint and measuring the gap of the joint.
Example 3:
a brazing jig for use in a caulking test according to the present embodiment includes, as shown in fig. 4, a base 3 for bearing a lower plate of a caulking test sample, a flexible baffle plate 1 for defining the caulking test sample, a sample carrier 11 for defining the position of the caulking test sample, and a sliding fastening plate 10 for adjusting the angle of caulking. The upper surface of the base 3 is provided with a sample groove 4 with the width consistent with that of a joint filling sample, and two sides of the base are provided with slide rails 6 for guiding the position of a sliding fastening plate 10; the flexible baffle 1 is positioned on the oblique side surface of the base 3 by a fastening screw 2; the sliding fastening plate 10 is provided with sliding chutes 7 at two sides thereof, which are matched with the sliding rails 6; the sliding fastening plate 10 and the sample loading platform 11 are longitudinally and tightly assembled by fastening screws 2, and are fixed on the side surface of the base 3 by the fastening screws 2. The slide fastening plate 10 and the sample stage 11 can slide freely along the slide rail 6 at a vertical position.
The invention discloses a method for testing the joint filling property of brazing filler metal, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing brazing filler metal, brazing flux and a plate-shaped base material, wherein the size of the plate-shaped base material is 30 multiplied by 110mm, the thickness of the plate-shaped base material is 2-4mm, and the ratio of the brazing filler metal to the brazing flux is 1: the test device comprises two plate-shaped base metals with a rectangular structure and a 100-gradient arrangement, wherein the test surface of the base metal is flat and smooth, the brazing filler metal for the test is blocky, and the brazing filler metal can be covered by the brazing flux;
the second step: one of the plate-shaped base materials is placed on the surface of a base, a sliding fastening plate and a sample carrying platform are vertically and tightly assembled through fastening screws and then wedged into a sliding rail on the base to be suspended above the plate-shaped base materials, the other plate-shaped base material is vertically placed on the surface of a bottom plate and inserted into a groove of the sample carrying platform, a baffle is used for limiting the movement of the two plate-shaped base materials in a screw fastening mode, and the distance between the edge of a vertical plate and the edge of the bottom plate is adjusted to 7-8mm. The position of the sliding fastening plate is adjusted, the distance from the bottom end of the groove on the sample table to the surface of the bottom plate is ensured to be 1mm, and the sliding fastening plate is fastened on the base through fastening screws. Placing the prepared brazing filler metal at the intersection of two plate-shaped base metals, then uniformly coating brazing flux, and placing a clamping sample on a rack;
the third step: moving the furnace body of the heating furnace, enabling the plate-shaped base metal placed on the rack to enter the heating furnace, heating to the temperature which is 30-50 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature of the brazing filler metal, preserving heat for 30-80 s, melting the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux, and wetting and filling joints on the surface of the test base metal;
the fourth step: and moving the heating furnace, taking out the plate-shaped base material, measuring at least one data of four data of height L2 and area S2 on the second plate-shaped body, area S1 on the first plate-shaped body and flow spreading distance L1 after the brazing filler metal is melted, and evaluating the joint filling performance of the brazing filler metal on the plate-shaped base material by using the data L1 or L2 or S1 or S2 or S1+ S2 or S2/S1.
Technical features not described in the present invention can be implemented by the prior art, and are not described in detail herein. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and variations, modifications, additions and substitutions which are within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the invention may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-function fixture for brazeability testing, comprising: the base for placing experimental base material, the baffle and the clamp plate that are used for fixed base material position, slip mounting plate and carry the appearance platform, the base top is equipped with the sample groove, carry the appearance platform to be located on the base, the slip mounting plate passes through clamp plate fix with screw and carries the appearance bench, carries the upper portion and the both sides that the appearance bench is located the base to with the vertical sliding fit of base, carry the position of appearance bench on the base and pass through screw adjustment.
2. The multi-functional jig for brazeability test as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
the baffle and the pressure plate are additionally arranged at different positions of the base according to different use functions, and the function of the baffle and the pressure plate is to fix a sample.
3. The multi-functional jig for brazeability test as claimed in claim 1,
the sliding fastening plate is in sliding fit with the two sides of the base through sliding rails.
4. The multifunctional jig for brazing property tests as recited in claim 1, wherein the base materials are an upper plate and a lower plate, the upper plate is placed on the sample table, the lower plate is placed in the sample tank on the base, the upper plate and the lower plate are fixed by the pressing plate and the baffle plate with screws after the lapping distance is adjusted, the gap between the lapping position of the upper plate and the lower plate is adjusted by sliding the fastening plate up and down along the slide rail of the base, the upper plate and the lower plate are fixed by the screws and the base after the adjustment, the brazing filler metal is placed at the lapping position of the two plate-shaped base materials, the brazing flux is uniformly applied, the furnace body of the heating furnace is moved, and the welding is performed for the clamping test.
5. The multifunctional fixture for solderability test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower plate of the base material is placed in a sample slot of a base, the upper surface of the sample carrying table is provided with a groove, the upper plate of the base material is inserted into the groove of the sample carrying table and is perpendicular to the lower plate of the base material, the angle between the lower edge of the upper plate of the base material and the upper surface of the lower plate of the base material is adjusted by a sliding fastening plate moving up and down along a slide rail of the base, the base is fixed by screws after adjustment, the brazing filler metal is placed at the lap joint of the two plate-shaped base materials, then the brazing flux is uniformly coated, the furnace body of the heating furnace is moved, and the welding is carried out for the clamping test.
6. The multi-functional jig for brazeability test as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the multi-functional jig is used for a spreadability test, a caulking test and a control test of a brazing gap.
7. The method for testing a multifunctional jig as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the solder spreading performance test comprises the steps of:
the first step is as follows: preparing brazing filler metal, brazing flux and a base metal, wherein the size of the base metal is 40 x 40mm, the thickness of the base metal is 1-3mm, the test surface of the base metal is flat and smooth, the brazing filler metal used for the test is in a block shape, and the brazing flux is used in an amount capable of covering the brazing filler metal;
the second step is that: placing a base material on the surface of a base, limiting the horizontal displacement of the base material by using a baffle in a screw fastening mode, tightly assembling a pressing plate, a sliding fastening plate and a sample carrying table in the longitudinal direction by fastening screws, fastening the pressing plate, the sliding fastening plate and the sample carrying table on the base by the screws to further limit the translation of the base material, placing prepared brazing filler metal on the surface of the base material, uniformly coating brazing flux, and placing a clamping sample on a rack;
the third step: moving the furnace body of the heating furnace, enabling the clamping sample placed on the rack to enter the heating furnace, heating to the temperature which is 30-50 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature of the brazing filler metal, preserving heat for 30-80 s, and melting the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux and wetting and spreading the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux on the surface of the test parent metal;
the fourth step: and taking out the clamping sample, and measuring the spreading area of the brazing filler metal on the surface of the base metal after the brazing filler metal is melted so as to evaluate the spreading performance of the brazing filler metal on the plate-shaped base metal.
8. The method for testing a multipurpose fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the brazing gap test comprises the steps of:
the first step is as follows: preparing a brazing filler metal, a brazing flux and a base metal, wherein the size of the base metal is (10-20) × (30-50) mm, the thickness of the base metal is 1-3mm, the test surface of the base metal is flat and smooth, the dosage of the brazing filler metal needs to be ensured to be enough to fill a brazing gap after melting, the dosage of the brazing flux can cover the brazing filler metal, and a gap filler gauge is prepared;
the second step: placing a lower base plate on the surface of a base, limiting the movement of a plate-shaped base material in a screw fastening mode by using a baffle plate, wedging a pressing plate, an upper base plate, a sliding fastening plate and a sample carrying table into a sliding rail on the base after being longitudinally and tightly assembled by fastening screws, suspending the sliding rail above the base surface base material, adjusting the lapping distance of the base material to 3-5mm, placing a gap filler gauge at the lapping position of the base material, fastening the sliding fastening plate on the base by using the fastening screws, then drawing out the gap filler gauge, adjusting the brazing gap between 0.01-0.3mm, placing prepared brazing filler metal at the brazing angle of a lapping joint, then uniformly coating brazing flux, and placing a clamping sample on a rack;
the third step: moving the furnace body of the heating furnace, enabling the clamping sample placed on the rack to enter the heating furnace, heating to the temperature which is 30-50 ℃ higher than the liquidus temperature of the brazing filler metal, preserving heat for 30-80 s, melting the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux, wetting and filling the joints, and forming an overlap joint with metallurgical bonding;
the fourth step: and taking out the lap joint, observing the metallographic structure of the fixed gap lap joint and measuring the gap of the joint.
9. The method for testing a multifunctional jig according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the solder caulking property test comprises the steps of:
the first step is as follows: preparing a brazing filler metal, a brazing flux and a base material, wherein the size of the base material is 30 multiplied by 110mm, the thickness of the base material is 2-4mm, and the ratio of the brazing filler metal to the brazing flux is 1: the test device comprises two plate-shaped base metals with a rectangular structure and a 100-gradient arrangement, wherein the test surface of the base metal is flat and smooth, the brazing filler metal for the test is blocky, and the brazing filler metal can be covered by the brazing flux;
the second step is that: placing one of the plate-shaped base metals on the surface of a base, then wedging a sliding rail on the base into the sliding rail to be suspended above the base metals after longitudinally and tightly assembling a sliding fastening plate and a sample carrying platform by fastening screws, then vertically placing the other plate-shaped base metal on the surface of a bottom plate and inserting the other plate-shaped base metal into a groove of the sample carrying platform, using a baffle plate to limit the movement of the two plate-shaped base metals in a screw fastening mode, adjusting the distance between the edge of a vertical plate and the edge of the bottom plate to 7-8mm, adjusting the position of the sliding fastening plate to ensure that the distance between the bottom end of the groove on the sample carrying platform and the surface of the bottom plate is 1mm, using the fastening screws to fasten the sliding fastening plate on the base, placing prepared brazing filler metal at the intersection of the two plate-shaped base metals, then uniformly coating brazing flux, and placing a clamping sample on a rack;
the third step: moving the furnace body of the heating furnace, enabling the plate-shaped base metal placed on the rack to enter the heating furnace, heating to 30-50 ℃ above the liquidus temperature of the brazing filler metal, preserving heat for 30-80 s, melting the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux, and wetting and filling joints on the surface of the test base metal;
the fourth step: and taking out the plate-shaped base material, measuring at least one data of four data of height L2 and area S2 on the second plate-shaped body, area S1 on the first plate-shaped body and flow laying distance L1 after the brazing filler metal is melted, and evaluating the joint filling performance of the brazing filler metal on the plate-shaped base material by using the data L1 or L2 or S1 or S2 or S1+ S2 or S2/S1.
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| CN115308088B (en) | 2024-06-25 |
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