CN115245201A - 供改善肌少症的营养组合物及其用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其是以白藜芦醇、中链脂肪酸或该两种的组合作为有效成份,或另外包含乳清蛋白、支链胺基酸、肌酸和维生素D作为有效成份;以及一种使用白藜芦醇、中链脂肪酸或其组合于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明有关一种供改善肌少症的营养组合物及其用途,尤指一种使用白藜芦醇、中链脂肪酸或其组合作为有效成份的营养组合物及其用途。
背景技术
随着高龄化社会的到来,与老化相关的议题逐渐成为众所关注的焦点,肌少症(Sarcopenia)即为其中之一。肌少症涉及肌肉减少与功能丧失之意,即渐进式的肌肉质量减少和肌肉功能的降低,其易于提高疾病发生率,并使生活品质降低。
肌少症的原因很多,包括有运动神经的退化、蛋白质合成减少、营养供给不足、久坐少动或卧病在床、发炎反应等等。随着肌肉的流失,脂肪组织也会逐渐堆积,其相当不利于老年族群的健康。老年人若合并有肌肉萎缩与肥胖的情况,会加速老年人的身体失能、罹病率与死亡率。
为减缓“肌少症”,除了多运动外,营养补充也很重要。于营养补充方面,目前一般采用的增肌营养素不外乎以下几种:乳清蛋白、胺基酸和维生素D。乳清蛋白和胺基酸有助于肌肉合成,维生素D则可活化以促进肌肉蛋白质的合成。然而,上述增肌营养素较不易为人体吸收,因此于使用上往往成效不佳。
发明内容
目前一般为改善“肌少症”而采用的增肌营养素,例如乳清蛋白、胺基酸和维生素D,不易为人体吸收,而往往成效不佳,此即为本发明所欲解决的技术问题。
为解决此一技术问题,本发明提供有一种使用白藜芦醇、中链脂肪酸或该两种的组合作为有效成份的营养组合物及其用途,以改善人体细胞粒线体功能,进而促进细胞能量的运用,使其容易为人体所吸收,直接达成增肌减脂功效,从而改善肌少症的症状。
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其包含白藜芦醇作为有效成份。
于实施时,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物还包含中链脂肪酸作为有效成份;其中,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物所含的白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸的比例介于1:1至1:5的范围内。
于实施时,所述供改善肌少症的营养组合物含有1~20wt%的白藜芦醇和1~20wt%的中链脂肪酸。
于实施时,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物还包含以下有效成份:20~90wt%的乳清蛋白、5~30wt%的支链胺基酸、1~50wt%的肌酸以及0.01~10wt%的维生素D。于一实施例中,前述支链胺基酸包括白胺酸、异白胺酸和缬胺酸中至少一种。
本发明另外提供一种供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其包含中链脂肪酸作为有效成份。
于实施时,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物还含白藜芦醇作为有效成份;其中,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物所含的白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸的比例介于1:1至1:5的范围内。
于实施时,所述供改善肌少症的营养组合物含有1~20wt%的白藜芦醇和1~20wt%的中链脂肪酸。
于实施时,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物还包含以下有效成份:20~90wt%的乳清蛋白、5~30wt%的支链胺基酸、1~50wt%的肌酸以及0.01~10wt%的维生素D。于一实施例中,前述支链胺基酸包括白胺酸、异白胺酸和缬胺酸中至少一种。
本发明另外提供一种使用白藜芦醇于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途、一种使用中链脂肪酸于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途、以及一种使用白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途。
附图说明
图1显示本发明的供改善肌少症的营养组合物投予前后在四肢肌肉质量上的比较;
图2显示本发明的供改善肌少症的营养组合物投予前后在握力上的比较。
具体实施方式
本发明有关一种使用白藜芦醇于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途、使用中链脂肪酸于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途或使用白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸的组合于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途。
白藜芦醇(Resveratrol)为一种天然多酚(Polyphenol)化合物,多数存在于水果和蔬菜中。白藜芦醇具有很好的抗氧化和抗发炎活性,因此可减缓肌纤维和神经肌肉接点的老化,进而延缓肌肉和神经元衰老。此外,白藜芦醇也有助于改善血糖代谢和体脂肪,促进内皮细胞舒张,以及对老年人记忆表现的改善。
中链脂肪酸(Medium Chain Triglyceride)为包含8至12碳链长度的饱和脂肪酸,其分子量小,水溶性较高,在中性环境易于离子化,溶解度也比长链脂肪酸更好,因此不需胆汁乳化即可快速地为胰脂解酶水解,并通过肝门静脉直接送至肝脏,可快速代谢产生能量,而供身体利用。此外,其不会通过淋巴循环送至全身其它组织,因此不会增加周边组织和血管脂肪堆积的风险。
通过门脉循环,中链脂肪酸浓度的增加可活化饥饿素(Ghrelin)。饥饿素为一种由二十八个胺基酸所组成的多胜肽激素,其可通过生长激素分泌接受器,强力刺激生长激素的分泌作用,因此可促进生长激素的分泌,从而增加生长激素的浓度。而生长激素则可促进蛋白合成、肌细胞分化、肌肉生长及脂肪分解,从而可增加肌肉质量、增强肌肉力量,进而延缓肌少症的发生。
本发明另外提供一种以白藜芦醇作为有效成份的营养组合物、以中链脂肪酸作为有效成份的营养组合物或以白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸的组合作为有效成份的营养组合物。当同时以白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸的组合作为有效成份时,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物所含的白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸的比例介于1:1至1:5的范围内。例如,于一实施例中,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物含有1~20wt%的白藜芦醇以及1~20wt%的中链脂肪酸。
此外,本发明另外还提供一种供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其除包含白藜芦醇、中链脂肪酸或前述两个的组合外,还包含乳清蛋白、支链胺基酸、肌酸和维生素D作为有效成份。
于一实施例中,本发明的供改善肌少症的营养组合物包括以下有效成份:1~20wt%的白藜芦醇、1~20wt%的中链脂肪酸、20~90wt%的乳清蛋白、5~30wt%的支链胺基酸、1~50wt%的肌酸以及0.01~10wt%的维生素D。其中,前述支链胺基酸包括白胺酸、异白胺酸和缬胺酸中至少一种。此外,于实施时,前述营养组合物可呈粉末、液态或固态(如锭剂)等形式。
乳清蛋白(whey protein)含有多种氨基酸,包括所有的必需氨基酸,以及一些免疫球蛋白、生长因子。乳清蛋白有助于蛋白质制造与肌肉修复,且于持续规律的阻力训练期间,其可提升最大肌力和无脂肪重量指数(fat-free mass)以及肌肉大小的变化幅度。因此,乳清蛋白的补充确实有助于恢复阻力训练后的肌肉收缩功能。此外,乳清蛋白和相关衍生物的摄取,也有助于微幅降低发炎程度,而发炎正是造成肌少症的机转之一。此外,于高升糖指数饮食前若摄取乳清蛋白,可提升胰岛素分泌,降低餐后血糖值。此外,乳清蛋白另外可降低三酸甘油酯,具有抑制食欲的效果,并有助于改善以下身体组成参数:体重、体脂肪、去脂体重。
支链胺基酸(Branch Chain Amino Acid)包括白胺酸、异白胺酸、缬胺酸。白胺酸和异白胺酸可通过转胺作用(transamination),代谢为乙酰乙酰辅酶A(aceto-acetylCoA),而进入柠檬酸循环,以产生更多的能量,供工作肌使用。异白胺酸和缬胺酸则可藉由转胺作用形成α-酮酸,代谢为琥珀酸辅酶A(succinyl CoA),进而转化为苹果酸(malate)和丙酮酸(pyruvate),最后转化为丙胺酸(alanine)。当通过上述途径转化为丙胺酸后,身体可通过血液将丙胺酸送至肝脏,随后将其先转化为丙酮酸,再转化为葡萄糖,转化所得的葡萄糖则可经由血液运送回肌肉,以提供工作肌作为运动时的能量来源。支链胺基酸可降低运动疲劳、增加肌肉量,并有助于稳定血糖和减少体脂肪。尤其,当白胺酸占高比例、异白胺酸和缬胺酸占低比例时,在降低运动疲劳与增加肌肉量等方面,效果更是显著。
肌酸(Creatine)于结构上和氨基酸相似,且于体内约有95%的肌酸是储存在骨骼肌内。肌酸和磷酸原(Phosphagen)经结合会形成磷酸肌酸,磷酸肌酸有助于身体产生ATP,而运动的表现正是取决于肌肉是否有足够的ATP可供使用。因此,肌酸的补充可增加肌肉质量与力量。换言之,无论是否从事阻抗运动,肌酸皆可改善老年人肌肉和身体机能指标。
在老年人,缺乏维生素D的常见原因包括日照不足、摄取不足、肠道吸收不足、肾脏维生素D羟化酶活性降低等。根据研究显示,老年人若血液中维生素D浓度较低,其于临床上往往有低肌肉质量、低肌肉强度和较差的身体功能表现等症状,而且有极高风险会进而发展成肌少症。维生素D的补充,则有助于改善老年人肌肉质量和下肢功能。
为证明于本发明的供改善肌少症的营养组合物的技术效果,现进行一实验。在实验中,一日早晚两次投予本发明的营养组合物,并于投予前和一个月后分别以双能量X光吸光式测定仪(dual energy x-ray absorptiometry,简称DXA)检测四肢肌肉量的身体组成分析,进行握力测量,并做血液检测(包括CBC/DC、GPT/GOT、BUN/Cr、TG、TC/LDL-C、空腹血糖、CPK、白蛋白等项目)。
相关实验结果请参见图1和图2,其中图1显示本发明的营养组合物投予前后于四肢肌肉质量上的差异,而图2则显示本发明的营养组合物投予前后于握力上的差异。如图所示,在投予本发明的营养组合物的前后,无论在四肢肌肉质量上,或是在握力上,皆有显著的提升(前者提升10.2%,后者提升20.8%)。
综上所述,依上文所记载的内容,本发明确可达到预期目的,提供一种使用白藜芦醇、中链脂肪酸或该两种的组合作为有效成份的营养组合物及其用途,以改善人体细胞粒线体功能,进而促进细胞能量的运用,使其容易为人体所吸收,直接达成增肌减脂功效,从而改善肌少症的症状,其极具产业上利用的价值。
以上所述乃是本发明的具体实施例及所运用的技术手段,根据本文的内容可衍生推导出许多的变更与修正,仍可视为对本发明的构想所作的等效改变,其所产生的作用仍未超出说明书及图式所涵盖的实质精神,均应视为在本发明的技术范畴之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其特征在于:包含白藜芦醇作为有效成份。
2.如权利要求1所述的供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其特征在于:还包含中链脂肪酸作为有效成份;其中,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物所含的白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸的比例介于1:1至1:5的范围内。
3.一种供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其特征在于:包含中链脂肪酸作为有效成份。
4.如权利要求3所述的供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其特征在于:还包含白藜芦醇作为有效成份;其中,前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物所含的白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸的比例介于1:1至1:5的范围内。
5.如权利要求2或4所述的供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其特征在于:前述供改善肌少症的营养组合物含有1~20wt%的白藜芦醇和1~20wt%的中链脂肪酸。
6.如权利要求5所述的供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其特征在于:还包含以下有效成份:20~90wt%的乳清蛋白、5~30wt%的支链胺基酸、1~50wt%的肌酸以及0.01~10wt%的维生素D。
7.如权利要求6所述的供改善肌少症的营养组合物,其特征在于:所述支链胺基酸包括白胺酸、异白胺酸和缬胺酸中至少一种。
8.一种使用白藜芦醇于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途。
9.一种使用中链脂肪酸于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途。
10.一种使用白藜芦醇和中链脂肪酸于制备改善肌少症的营养组合物的用途。
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