CN114982515A

CN114982515A - Floating type planting device and method for river water ecological restoration

Info

Publication number: CN114982515A
Application number: CN202210678336.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田苗
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-06-16
Filing date: 2022-06-16
Publication date: 2022-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-16
Also published as: CN114982515B

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating planting device and a planting method for river water ecological restoration, and the floating planting device comprises a floating device, wherein a hollow hole is formed in the middle of the floating device, an emergent aquatic plant planting device is detachably installed in the hollow hole, a land plant planting device is arranged above the floating device in a hanging mode, a submerged plant planting device is arranged below the floating device, the land plant planting device is matched with the submerged plant planting device, a connecting rod component is matched between the land plant planting device and the submerged plant planting device, a gap for penetrating through plant blades is formed between the land plant planting device and the floating device, and the floating device moves up and down under the action of water waves; the device can limit the swing amplitude, realize counter weight and increase the floating stability.

Description

Floating type planting device and method for river water ecological restoration

Technical Field

The invention relates to a floating planting device and a floating planting method for river water ecological restoration.

Background

With the advance of the goal of treating the five waters together, river water needs to be ecologically restored in various regions, and the conventional restoration method is to place a floating planting box on the river water, plant aquatic plants such as aquatic weeds and the like through the planting box, absorb nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the river water by utilizing the growth of the aquatic plants and improve the water quality condition.

However, in the floating box in the prior art, under the action of water flow, especially under the condition of large water wave, water can be continuously poured into the floating box, so that soil in the floating box absorbs more water in a short time, the floating box sinks into water after the mass of the floating box is increased, and the floating box needs to be salvaged and restored in the later period.

In addition, the floating box with the traditional structure simply floats, so that the probability of side turning is very high along with the unevenness of the counterweight. The difficulty of artificial control is great.

Therefore, the floating type planting device and the planting method for river water ecological restoration are designed, the swing amplitude can be limited, the balance weight can be realized, and the floating stability can be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a river water ecological restoration floating type planting device and a planting method, which can limit the swing amplitude, realize balance weight and increase the floating stability.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a floating planting device for river ecological restoration comprises a floating device, wherein a hollow hole is formed in the middle of the floating device, an emergent aquatic plant planting device is detachably mounted in the hollow hole, a land plant planting device is arranged above the floating device in a hanging mode, a submerged plant planting device is arranged below the floating device and matched with the submerged plant planting device, a connecting rod component is matched between the land plant planting device and the submerged plant planting device, a gap for penetrating plant leaves is formed between the land plant planting device and the floating device, the floating device moves up and down under the action of water waves, after moving, the gap formed between the floating device and the land plant planting device is reduced, shearing force is formed after reducing, and plant leaves extending to the outside of the gap are cut off, the cut plant leaves fall into water to be supplied to aquatic organisms for eating.

Preferably, the floating device comprises a floating block, a hollow hole vertically penetrates through the floating block, a buoyancy cavity is arranged inside the floating block, a pipe orifice for water inlet and outlet is arranged at the top of the floating block, and a pipe cover is in threaded connection with the pipe orifice; grooves are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the floating block, guide holes which vertically penetrate through the floating block are formed in the positions, close to the grooves, of the top of the floating block, and the guide holes are not communicated with the buoyancy cavity; the link member is located in the groove and is swingable in the groove.

In the technical scheme, water can be injected into the buoyancy cavity, so that the effective air volume in the buoyancy cavity is changed, and the buoyancy of the floating block is changed.

Preferably, the emergent aquatic plant planting device comprises a planting groove, an opening is formed in the upper end of the planting groove, an open groove is formed in the position of the outer side of the top of the planting groove, the planting groove is downwards inserted into the hollowed-out hole, the open groove is limited at the upper part of the floating block, a connecting ring is arranged at the bottom of the open groove, and the connecting ring is in threaded connection with the hollowed-out hole; a convex pipe is arranged at the position of the inner bottom of the planting groove, the upper end of the convex pipe protrudes upwards into the open groove, the lower end of the convex pipe is communicated, and water through holes are uniformly distributed on the pipe body of the convex pipe; an annular blade is arranged at the bottom of the open slot; the land plant planting device comprises a first planting groove, the bottom of the first planting groove is provided with an annular first blade, the blade and the first blade are coaxially arranged, when the first planting groove moves downwards, the first blade and the blade shear, and plant leaves are cut at a shearing position; support rods are arranged at two sides of the bottom of the first planting groove, a guide rod is arranged at the bottom of each support rod, the lower end of each guide rod downwards penetrates through the corresponding guide hole and then is matched with a limiting nut, a spring is arranged on the rod body of each guide rod, and the spring acts between the floating block and the corresponding support rod; a rotating sleeve is sleeved on the supporting rod and can coaxially rotate along the supporting rod; and a threaded sleeve for connecting the connecting rod member is arranged at the bottom of the rotating sleeve, and corresponds to the groove.

In the technical scheme, the blade and the first blade are matched to cut off the redundant part of the plant, and the cut off plant is supplied to water and is eaten by aquatic organisms in the water, such as fish. The nutrient components in the water are increased after part of the leaves are rotten, and the nutrient components are natural.

Among the foretell technical scheme, the floating block can float and sink from top to bottom, forms through the first planting groove on upper portion and hides for the blade of the plant of planting in planting the inslot can only grow towards the clearance department of planting groove and first planting groove, and the floating block floats from top to bottom, can drive the removal of blade. The up-and-down floating compression spring of the floating block can rebound after the water wave disappears, so that the stability of the device is maintained.

Simultaneously, among the foretell technical scheme, the cover rotates can be along bracing piece pivoted, and the submerged plant planting device that the below is responsible for the counter weight provides stability, has improved the stability of floating the piece.

The width of the groove is limited, so that the swinging amplitude of the connecting rod component is controlled to be +/-30 degrees; avoiding the side turning caused by overlarge swing amplitude.

Preferably, a through hole is formed in the middle of the first planting groove, a baffle ring is connected to the through hole in a threaded manner, the diameter of the baffle ring is gradually increased upwards, a light-transmitting cover is connected to the inner bottom of the baffle ring in a threaded manner, and the light-transmitting cover corresponds to the planting groove; the diameter of the light-transmitting cover is gradually reduced upwards, so that an included angle c formed between the baffle ring and the light-transmitting cover is larger than 60 degrees.

In the technical scheme, the baffle ring is conical, and the light-transmitting cover is also conical, so that the capability of the light-transmitting cover for receiving light is enhanced, and the lighting area is increased.

Preferably, water absorption cotton is laid at the bottom of the first planting groove, a water guide cotton strip is connected to the bottom of the water absorption cotton, the water guide cotton strip downwards penetrates through the first planting groove and then is inserted into the convex pipe, and a balancing weight is matched with the convex pipe after downwards penetrating through the convex pipe.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, can realize the water intaking for the bulge tube not only provides water for the planting groove of below, can also pass the water guide silver, and the cotton moist of cotton that keeps absorbing after being convenient for the water intaking silver absorbs water gives the soil of filling above the cotton that absorbs water with moisture content. The balancing weight can keep hanging of water guide silver, is convenient for effectual realization water intaking.

Preferably, the outer wall of the floating block is annularly provided with a plurality of connecting ends, the connecting ends are matched with an extension rod, and the tail end of the extension rod is provided with a floating ball.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, in order to increase the buoyancy of floating block, the setting of extension rod can increase arm of force length, increases the floating stability of floating block in aqueous. The floating ball is a hollow rubber floating ball, and the extension rod is respectively in threaded connection with the connecting end and the floating ball.

Preferably, the submerged plant planting device comprises a second planting groove, a groove cover is in threaded connection with the upper end of the second planting groove, a first convex pipe is arranged in the middle of the groove cover, the diameter of the first convex pipe is smaller than that of the second planting groove, a connecting sleeve penetrating through the connecting rod member is arranged on the outer wall of the second planting groove, and the connecting sleeve and the connecting rod member are fixed through screws; the bottom of the second planting groove is provided with a tapered groove body part, and the diameter of the groove bottom part is gradually reduced downwards.

The tank bottom is the toper for the counter weight in the second planting groove is the quality of intermediate position department the biggest, increases the stability of benthophyte planting device in aqueous.

In the technical scheme, the suspended depth of the second planting groove in water is adjustable, and can be reasonably adjusted according to the water depth of the watershed, and the deeper the suspended depth is, the stronger the corresponding stability is. The deeper the water depth, the more stable the water.

Preferably, a baffle net is arranged at the bottom of the second planting groove, the upper end of the baffle net is limited by the groove cover, a filling area is formed outside the baffle net, and a planting area is formed inside the baffle net; and a first limber hole communicated with the filling area is arranged on the outer wall of the second planting groove.

The filling area is filled with mineral components for improving water quality, such as river water with acidic pH value and alkaline substance. The filling area can also be filled with silt containing nutrient components, water continuously enters the filling area and contacts with the silt to drive nutrient substances in the silt to settle to the bottom of the water, and the effect of improving the water quality is achieved. The filling area has rich functions.

Preferably, the connecting rod member comprises more than two connecting rods, the upper and lower ends of each connecting rod are respectively provided with a threaded part, and a connecting sleeve is matched between the two mutually butted connecting rods; the connecting sleeve limits the downward movement of the submerged plant planting device.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the effect of adapter sleeve is not only the connecting rod of connecting the butt joint, can also form spacingly to the benthophyte planting device, avoids the screw not hard up back benthophyte planting device to fall into the river bottom. The trouble of fishing in the later period is saved.

A planting method of a river water ecological restoration floating type planting device comprises the following steps:

step 1: firstly, the planting device is assembled on the ground;

step 2: filling silt in the submerged plant planting device, and utilizing the silt to make the submerged plant root-prick and grow; the sludge is the sludge accumulated in a water supply plant and contains rich aluminum oxide. Filling soil in the emergent aquatic plant planting device, and utilizing the soil to make the emergent aquatic plant root-prick and grow; filling soil in the land plant planting device, and utilizing the soil to make the land plant root-take growth; the submerged plant is one of Goldfish algae, tape grass, Foliumisalanx and Ricinus communis, and the planting density is 9 plants per square meter; the soil for planting emergent aquatic plants contains rich carbon sources; the soil for planting is red soil; the emergent aquatic plants are typha, rice, wild rice stem and the like;

and 3, step 3: the device is thrown into a water area needing to be treated, the floating device floats up and down due to the fluctuation of water waves, the blade shearing of emergent aquatic plants is realized by utilizing the floating of the floating device and matching with the land plant planting device on the upper part, and the sheared branches and leaves fall into water and are supplied to aquatic organisms for eating.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the device is planted in a natural water area in a floating way, and a reasonable number of the devices can be selected according to the area of the water area; each device is an independent unit and can move along with water flow, so that the technical effect of moving and purifying is realized; submerged plants and emergent plants are utilized to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water, so that the eutrophication of the water is improved;

2. in the device, the floating device bears the emergent aquatic plant planting device, so that the root system of the emergent aquatic plant is soaked in water, the blades can grow to the outside of the water surface for lighting growth, and the blades growing outwards can be cut off along with the up-and-down floating of the floating device and are supplied to aquatic organisms; the land plant planting device above the floating device can realize the balance weight at the upper part and play a role in limiting the growth direction of emergent aquatic plants; the mounting position of the lower submerged plant planting device can be adjusted in a sliding manner, so that a stable technical effect can be achieved; the floating device and the land plant planting device can rock along with water flow; the small amplitude of swing is convenient for the device to change the position under the impact of water waves, and the technical effect of moving and purifying is realized;

3. the structure of this device is comparatively simple, and the cost is comparatively cheap, is fit for using widely.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the floatation device;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an emergent aquatic plant growing apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a land plant growing apparatus;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the submerged plant growing apparatus;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of FIG. 6 at B;

fig. 8 is a structural schematic view of the link member.

Detailed Description

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outside", "upper", "inside", "horizontal", "coaxial", "central", "end", "length", "outer end", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "sleeved," "connected," "penetrating," "plugged," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8.

Example 1

A floating type planting device for river water ecological restoration comprises a floating device 1, wherein a hollow hole 101 is formed in the middle of the floating device 1, an emergent aquatic plant planting device 2 is detachably mounted in the hollow hole 101, a land plant planting device 3 is arranged above the floating device 1 in a hanging mode, a submerged plant planting device 4 is arranged below the floating device 1, the land plant planting device 3 is matched with the submerged plant planting device 4, a connecting rod component 5 is matched between the land plant planting device 3 and the submerged plant planting device 4, a gap for penetrating through plant blades is formed between the land plant planting device 3 and the floating device 1, the floating device 1 moves up and down under the action of water waves, after moving, the gap formed between the floating device 1 and the land plant planting device 3 is reduced, and after the cutting force is reduced, the cutting force is formed, the plant leaves extending to the outside of the gap are cut, and the cut plant leaves fall into water to be supplied to aquatic organisms for eating.

Example 2

The floating device 1 comprises a floating block 102, a hollow hole 101 vertically penetrates through the floating block 102, a buoyancy cavity 103 is arranged inside the floating block 102, a pipe orifice 104 for water inlet and outlet is arranged at the top of the floating block 102, and a pipe cover 105 is in threaded connection with the pipe orifice 104; grooves 106 are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the floating block 102, a guide hole 107 which vertically penetrates through the top of the floating block 102 and is close to the grooves 106 is formed in the position, and the guide hole 107 is not communicated with the buoyancy cavity 103; the link member 5 is located in the groove 106 and can swing in the groove 106.

In the above technical scheme, water can be injected into the buoyancy cavity 103, so as to change the effective air volume inside and change the buoyancy of the floating block 102.

Example 3

The emergent aquatic plant planting device 2 comprises a planting groove 201, an opening is formed in the upper end of the planting groove 201, an open groove 202 is formed in the position of the outer side of the top of the planting groove 201, the planting groove 201 is downwards inserted into the hollowed hole 101, the open groove 202 is limited at the upper part of the floating block 102, a connecting ring 203 is arranged at the bottom of the open groove 202, and the connecting ring 203 is in threaded connection with the hollowed hole 101; a convex pipe 204 is arranged at the inner bottom position of the planting groove 201, the upper end of the convex pipe 204 protrudes upwards into the open groove 202, the lower end of the convex pipe 204 is communicated, and water through holes 205 are uniformly distributed on the pipe body of the convex pipe 204; an annular blade 206 is arranged at the bottom of the open groove 202; the land plant planting device 3 comprises a first planting groove 301, the bottom of the first planting groove 301 is provided with a first blade 302 in an annular shape, the blade 206 and the first blade 302 are coaxially arranged, when the first planting groove 301 moves downwards, the first blade 302 and the blade 206 shear, and plant leaves are cut at the shearing position; support rods 303 are arranged at two sides of the bottom of the first planting groove 301, a guide rod 304 is arranged at the bottom of the support rod 303, the lower end of the guide rod 304 downwards passes through the guide hole 107 and then is matched with a limit nut 305, a spring 306 is arranged on the rod body of the guide rod 304, and the spring 306 acts between the floating block 102 and the support rods 303; a rotating sleeve 307 is sleeved on the support rod 303, and the rotating sleeve 307 can coaxially rotate along the support rod 303; a threaded sleeve 308 for connecting the connecting rod member 5 is arranged at the bottom of the rotating sleeve 307, and the threaded sleeve 308 corresponds to the groove 106.

In the above technical solution, the blade 206 and the first blade 302 are used in cooperation to cut off the excess plant, and the cut off plant is supplied to the water to feed aquatic organisms, such as fish, in the water. The nutrient components in the water are increased after part of the leaves are rotten, and the nutrient components are natural.

In the above technical solution, the floating block 102 can float up and down, and the first planting groove 301 on the upper portion forms a cover, so that the leaves of the plants planted in the planting groove 201 can only grow towards the gap between the planting groove and the first planting groove, and the floating block 102 floats up and down to drive the blade 206 to move. The up-and-down floating of the floating block 102 compresses the spring, and when the water wave disappears, the spring rebounds to keep the stability of the device.

Meanwhile, in the technical scheme, the rotating sleeve can rotate along the supporting rod, the submerged plant planting device below which is in charge of the balance weight provides stability, and the stability of the floating block 102 is improved.

The width of the groove 106 is limited so that the rocking amplitude of the link member 5 is controlled to be within ± 30 °; avoiding side turning caused by overlarge swing amplitude.

Example 4

A through hole is formed in the middle of the first planting groove 301, a baffle ring 309 is connected to the through hole in a threaded manner, the diameter of the baffle ring 309 gradually increases upwards, a light-transmitting cover 310 is connected to the inner bottom of the baffle ring 309 in a threaded manner, and the light-transmitting cover 310 corresponds to the planting groove 201; the diameter of the light-transmitting cover 310 is gradually decreased upward, so that the included angle c formed between the baffle ring 309 and the light-transmitting cover 310 is 80 °.

In the above solution, the baffle ring 309 is conical, and the light-transmitting cover 310 is also conical, so that the light-transmitting cover 310 has an enhanced ability to receive light, and the lighting area is also increased.

Example 5

The bottom of the first planting groove 301 is paved with absorbent cotton 311, the bottom of the absorbent cotton 311 is connected with a water guiding cotton strip 312, the water guiding cotton strip 312 downwards penetrates through the first planting groove 301 and then is inserted into the convex pipe 204, and a balancing weight 313 is matched after downwards penetrating through the convex pipe 204.

In the technical scheme, water can be taken out, so that the convex pipe 204 not only supplies water to the planting groove below, but also can penetrate through the water guide cotton strip 312, the water absorption cotton strip 312 can conveniently absorb water to keep the water absorption cotton 311 moist, and water is supplied to soil filled above the water absorption cotton 311. The weight block 313 can keep the water guide cotton strip 312 hanging, so that water can be effectively taken.

Example 6

The outer wall of the floating block 102 is annularly provided with a plurality of connecting ends 121, the connecting ends 121 are matched with an extension rod 131, and the tail end of the extension rod 131 is provided with a floating ball 141.

In the above technical solution, in order to increase the buoyancy of the floating block 102, the length of the force arm can be increased by the extension rod 131, so as to increase the floating stability of the floating block 102 in water. The floating ball 141 is a hollow rubber floating ball, and the extension rod 131 is respectively in threaded connection with the connecting end 121 and the floating ball 141.

Example 7

The submerged plant planting device 4 comprises a second planting groove 401, the upper end of the second planting groove 401 is in threaded connection with a groove cover 402, a first convex pipe 403 is arranged in the middle of the groove cover 402, the diameter of the first convex pipe 403 is smaller than that of the second planting groove 401, a connecting sleeve 404 for penetrating through the connecting rod member 5 is arranged on the outer wall of the second planting groove 401, and the connecting sleeve 404 and the connecting rod member 5 are fixed through screws; the bottom of the second planting groove 401 is provided with a tapered groove body part 405, and the diameter of the groove body part 405 is gradually reduced downwards.

The bottom part 405 is tapered so that the weight in the second planting tank 401 is the maximum mass at the middle position, increasing the stability of the submerged plant planting device 4 in water.

In the above technical solution, the suspended depth of the second planting groove 401 in water is adjustable, and can be reasonably adjusted according to the water depth of the watershed, and the deeper the suspended depth is, the stronger the corresponding stability is. The deeper the water depth, the more stable the water.

Example 8

A blocking net 406 is arranged at the bottom of the second planting groove 401, the upper end of the blocking net 406 is limited by the groove cover 402, a filling area 407 is formed on the outer side of the blocking net 406, and a planting area 408 is formed on the inner side of the blocking net 406; a first water through hole 409 communicated with the filling area 407 is arranged on the outer wall of the second planting groove 401.

Example 9

The connecting rod component 5 comprises more than two connecting rods 501, the upper and lower ends of the connecting rods 501 are both provided with threaded parts 551, and a connecting sleeve 502 is matched between the two mutually butted connecting rods 501; the connecting sleeve 502 limits the downward movement of the submerged plant planting device 4.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the effect of adapter sleeve 502 is not only connecting the connecting rod 501 of butt joint, can also form spacingly to benthophyte planting device 4, avoids screw not hard up back benthophyte planting device 4 to fall into the river bottom. The trouble of later fishing is saved.

Example 10

step 1: firstly, the planting device is assembled on the ground;

step 2: filling silt in the submerged plant planting device 4, and utilizing the silt to make the submerged plant root-take growth; the sludge is the sludge accumulated in a water supply plant and contains rich aluminum oxide. Filling soil in the emergent aquatic plant planting device 2, and utilizing the soil to make the emergent aquatic plants root and grow; filling soil in the land plant planting device 3, and utilizing the soil to make the land plants root and grow; the submerged plant is the watermifoil, and the planting density is 9 plants per square meter; the soil for planting emergent aquatic plants contains rich carbon sources; the soil for planting is red soil; the emergent aquatic plants are rice and wild rice shoots; the land plant is scindapsus aureus. The scindapsus aureus has high survival ability, and the leaves are hung in water to supply aquatic organisms.

And step 3: the device is thrown into a water area to be treated, the floating device 1 floats up and down due to the fluctuation of water waves, the floating of the floating device 1 is utilized, the leaf shearing of emergent aquatic plants is realized by matching with the land plant planting device 3 at the upper part, and the sheared branches and leaves fall into water to be supplied to aquatic organisms for eating.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a river ecological remediation floats formula planting device which characterized in that: the device comprises a floating device (1), a hollow hole (101) is formed in the middle of the floating device (1), an emergent aquatic plant planting device (2) is detachably mounted in the hollow hole (101), a land plant planting device (3) is arranged above the floating device (1) in a hanging mode, a submerged plant planting device (4) is arranged below the floating device (1), the land plant planting device (3) is matched with the submerged plant planting device (4), a connecting rod member (5) is matched between the land plant planting device (3) and the submerged plant planting device (4), a gap for penetrating through plant leaves is formed between the land plant planting device (3) and the floating device (1), the floating device (1) moves up and down under the action of water waves, and after the floating device (1) and the land plant planting device (3) move, the gap formed between the floating device (1) and the land plant planting device (3) is reduced, and after the cutting force is reduced, the cutting force is formed, the plant leaves extending to the outside of the gap are cut, and the cut plant leaves fall into water to be supplied to aquatic organisms for eating.

2. The river water ecological remediation floating planting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the floating device (1) comprises a floating block (102), a hollow hole (101) vertically penetrates through the floating block (102), a buoyancy cavity (103) is arranged inside the floating block (102), a pipe orifice (104) for water inlet and outlet is arranged at the top of the floating block (102), and a pipe cover (105) is in threaded connection with the pipe orifice (104); grooves (106) are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the floating block (102), guide holes (107) which vertically penetrate through are formed in the positions, close to the grooves (106), of the top of the floating block (102), and the guide holes (107) are not communicated with the buoyancy cavity (103); the link member (5) is located in the groove (106) and is swingable in the groove (106).

3. The river water ecological remediation floating planting device according to claim 2, wherein: the emergent aquatic plant planting device (2) comprises a planting groove (201), an opening is formed in the upper end of the planting groove (201), an open groove (202) is formed in the position of the outer side of the top of the planting groove (201), the planting groove (201) is downwards inserted into the hollowed hole (101), the open groove (202) is limited at the upper part of the floating block (102), a connecting ring (203) is arranged at the bottom of the open groove (202), and the connecting ring (203) is in threaded connection with the hollowed hole (101); a convex pipe (204) is arranged at the inner bottom position of the planting groove (201), the upper end of the convex pipe (204) protrudes upwards into the open groove (202), the lower end of the convex pipe (204) is communicated, and water through holes (205) are uniformly distributed on the pipe body of the convex pipe (204); an annular blade (206) is arranged at the bottom of the open groove (202); the land plant planting device (3) comprises a first planting groove (301), the bottom of the first planting groove (301) is provided with an annular first blade (302), the blade (206) and the first blade (302) are coaxially arranged, when the first planting groove (301) moves downwards, the first blade (302) and the blade (206) are sheared, and plant leaves are sheared at the shearing position; supporting rods (303) are arranged at two sides of the bottom of the first planting groove (301), a guide rod (304) is arranged at the bottom of each supporting rod (303), the lower end of each guide rod (304) downwards penetrates through the corresponding guide hole (107) and then is matched with a limiting nut (305), a spring (306) is arranged on the rod body of each guide rod (304), and the spring (306) acts between the floating block (102) and the corresponding supporting rod (303); a rotating sleeve (307) is sleeved on the supporting rod (303), and the rotating sleeve (307) can coaxially rotate along the supporting rod (303); and a threaded sleeve (308) for connecting the connecting rod component (5) is arranged at the bottom of the rotating sleeve (307), and the threaded sleeve (308) corresponds to the groove (106).

4. The river water ecological remediation floating planting device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a through hole is formed in the middle of the first planting groove (301), a baffle ring (309) is connected to the through hole in a threaded mode, the diameter of the baffle ring (309) is gradually increased upwards, a light-transmitting cover (310) is connected to the inner bottom of the baffle ring (309) in a threaded mode, and the light-transmitting cover (310) corresponds to the planting groove (201); the diameter of the light-transmitting cover (310) is gradually reduced upwards, so that the included angle c formed between the baffle ring (309) and the light-transmitting cover (310) is larger than 60 degrees.

5. The river water ecological remediation floating planting device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: water absorption cotton (311) is laid at the bottom of the first planting groove (301), a water guide cotton strip (312) is connected to the bottom of the water absorption cotton (311), the water guide cotton strip (312) penetrates through the first planting groove (301) downwards and then is inserted into the convex pipe (204), and penetrates through the convex pipe (204) downwards and then is matched with a balancing weight (313).

6. The river water ecological remediation floating planting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the floating device is characterized in that a plurality of connecting ends (121) are annularly arranged on the outer wall of the floating block (102), an extension rod (131) is matched with the connecting ends (121), and a floating ball (141) is installed at the tail end of the extension rod (131).

7. The river water ecological remediation floating planting device according to claim 1, wherein: the submerged plant planting device (4) comprises a second planting groove (401), the upper end of the second planting groove (401) is in threaded connection with a groove cover (402), a first convex pipe (403) is arranged in the middle of the groove cover (402), the diameter of the first convex pipe (403) is smaller than that of the second planting groove (401), a connecting sleeve (404) for penetrating through the connecting rod component (5) is arranged on the outer wall of the second planting groove (401), and the connecting sleeve (404) and the connecting rod component (5) are fixed through screws; the bottom of the second planting groove (401) is provided with a tapered groove body part (405), and the diameter of the groove body part (405) is gradually reduced downwards.

8. The river water ecological remediation floating planting device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: a blocking net (406) is arranged at the bottom of the second planting groove (401), the upper end of the blocking net (406) is limited by the groove cover (402), a filling area (407) is formed on the outer side of the blocking net (406), and a planting area (408) is formed on the inner side of the blocking net (406); a first limber hole (409) communicated with the filling area (407) is formed in the outer wall of the second planting groove (401).

9. The floating planting device for river water ecological restoration according to claim 1, 2 or 7, wherein: the connecting rod component (5) comprises more than two connecting rods (501), the upper end and the lower end of each connecting rod (501) are respectively provided with a threaded part (551), and a connecting sleeve (502) is matched between the two connecting rods (501) which are mutually butted; the connecting sleeve (502) limits the downward movement of the submerged plant planting device (4).

10. The planting method of the river water ecological restoration floating type planting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: firstly, the planting device is assembled on the ground;

step 2: filling silt in the submerged plant planting device (4), and utilizing the silt to make the submerged plant root and grow; filling soil in the emergent aquatic plant planting device (2), and utilizing the soil to make the emergent aquatic plants root and grow; filling soil in the land plant planting device (3), and utilizing the soil to make the land plant root and grow;

and step 3: the device is thrown into a water area to be treated, the floating device (1) floats up and down due to the fluctuation of water waves, the blade shearing of emergent aquatic plants is realized by utilizing the floating of the floating device (1) and matching with the land plant planting device (3) at the upper part, and the sheared branches and leaves fall into the water and are supplied to aquatic organisms for eating.