CN114957637A - 一种含磷多元醇及其制备的聚氨酯发泡材料 - Google Patents
一种含磷多元醇及其制备的聚氨酯发泡材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114957637A CN114957637A CN202210751084.7A CN202210751084A CN114957637A CN 114957637 A CN114957637 A CN 114957637A CN 202210751084 A CN202210751084 A CN 202210751084A CN 114957637 A CN114957637 A CN 114957637A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- diisocyanate
- phosphorus
- polyol
- containing polyol
- polyurethane foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 alcohol amine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940008841 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005448 ethoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940102253 isopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006528 (C2-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol Substances OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LCPNYLRZLNERIG-ZETCQYMHSA-N (2S)-6-amino-2-[2-(oxomethylidene)hydrazinyl]hexanoyl isocyanate Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](NN=C=O)C(=O)N=C=O LCPNYLRZLNERIG-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SXKNYNUXUHCUHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluorobut-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)C(F)=C(F)F SXKNYNUXUHCUHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FRCHKSNAZZFGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(Cl)Cl FRCHKSNAZZFGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940051271 1,1-difluoroethane Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-Hexanetriol Chemical compound OCCCCC(O)CO ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC(CN=C=O)=C1 RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043375 1,5-pentanediol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CRZVCXRSZLYXAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1-(dimethylamino)propan-2-yl-methylamino]ethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CC(C)N(C)CCO CRZVCXRSZLYXAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DLYLVPHSKJVGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(cyclohexylmethyl)cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound C1CC(N)(N)CCC1CC1CCCCC1 DLYLVPHSKJVGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)methyl]-2-methylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)C(C)CC1CC1CC(C)C(N)CC1 IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-IMJSIDKUSA-N cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L diacetyloxytin Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Sn]OC(C)=O PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043276 diisopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N methyl (2s)-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H](N=C=O)CCCCN=C=O AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-n',n'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNCCCN(C)C BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 12
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- XITRBUPOXXBIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) decanedioate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 XITRBUPOXXBIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 8
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVFSYZFXJYAPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]=O BVFSYZFXJYAPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- ZMWRRFHBXARRRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(2-methylbutan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O ZMWRRFHBXARRRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl methylphosphonate Chemical compound COP(C)(=O)OC VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FBBDOOHMGLLEGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrochloride Chemical compound C.Cl FBBDOOHMGLLEGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/68—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- C08G63/692—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing phosphorus
- C08G63/6922—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing phosphorus derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
-
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Abstract
本发明提供一种含磷多元醇及其制备的聚氨酯发泡材料。所述含磷多元醇结构式为
Description
技术领域
本发明属于聚氨酯材料领域,具体涉及一种含磷多元醇及其制备的聚氨酯发泡材料。
背景技术
聚氨酯发泡材料具有低密度、回弹性好的特点,在鞋材、床垫、枕头、建筑材料、运输管道、保温材料等领域应用广泛。由于聚氨酯发泡材料呈孔状结构,表观密度低,极限氧指数低,极易燃烧,引发火灾,对生命财产安全存在较大威胁。因此,提高聚氨酯泡沫材料的阻燃性能,尤为重要。
目前制备聚氨酯发泡材料主要包括聚氨酯粒子釜式发泡法和聚氨酯粒子挤出发泡法。聚氨酯粒子釜式发泡法由异氰酸酯、多元醇、扩链剂等原料首先制备聚氨酯粒子,然后通过聚氨酯粒子和发泡剂在高压釜中高温高压下发泡制备,工艺复杂。聚氨酯粒子挤出发泡法也包括聚氨酯粒子的制备,聚氨酯粒子在挤出设备中添加发泡剂挤出发泡流程,工艺复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种含磷多元醇,其通过含磷二醇引发内酯开环聚合反应制备,为羟基封端的含磷多元醇。采用此含磷多元醇制备的聚氨酯泡沫极限氧指数高,具有阻燃效果,解决了现有技术中聚氨酯泡沫阻燃性差,易燃烧的问题。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种含磷多元醇,所述含磷多元醇具有如下结构:
其中,R1为C1-C10的烷基和/或芳基,优选-CH3,R2、R3独立地表示C2-C10的烷基中的一种或多种,优选-CH2-CH2-、-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-、-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-中的一种或多种,R4、R5独立地表示C2-C6的烷基,优选和/或-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-。
采用上述含磷多元醇制备的聚氨酯泡沫,在受热过程中分解出磷酸、偏磷酸,促进聚氨酯泡沫脱水炭化,形成不易燃烧的致密炭层,从而起到优异的阻燃效果。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种含磷多元醇的制备方法。
一种含磷多元醇的制备方法,所述含磷多元醇为上述含磷多元醇,所述制备方法为:式2的含磷二醇在催化剂条件下引发式3和/或式4的内酯开环聚合;
其中,R1为C1-C10的烷基和/或芳基,优选-CH3,R2、R3独立地表示C2-C10的烷基中的一种或多种,优选-CH2-CH2-、-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-、-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-中的一种或多种,R4、R5独立地表示C2-C6的烷基,优选和/或-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-。
本发明中,所述含磷多元醇的制备方法中的催化剂为有机锡催化剂,优选辛酸亚锡和/或醋酸亚锡。
本发明中,含磷多元醇的制备方法中含磷二醇和内酯摩尔比为1:(5-30),优选1:(5-25)。
本发明中,含磷多元醇的制备方法中所述反应温度为120-160℃,时间18-48小时。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种聚氨酯发泡材料。
一种聚氨酯发泡材料,所述材料采用上述的含磷多元醇,或采用上述制备方法制备的含磷多元醇,所述材料通过多异氰酸酯、包含含磷多元醇的混合多元醇、扩链剂、交联剂和发泡剂制备。
本发明中,所述包含含磷多元醇的混合多元醇包含含磷多元醇和不含磷多元醇,其中,所述含磷多元醇为式1所示的多元醇,所述不含磷多元醇为聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇中的一种或多种。
本发明中,所述多异氰酸酯为芳香族多异氰酸酯、脂肪族多异氰酸酯、脂环族多异氰酸酯中的一种或多种;优选4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,2’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,5-萘二异氰酸酯、1,4-苯二异氰酸酯、间苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、二苯甲烷-3,3’-二甲氧基-4,4’-二异氰酸酯、1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1,10-癸二异氰酸酯、1,3-环己烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-六氢甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-六氢甲苯二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,2’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、L-赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、1,4-丁二异氰酸酯、1,5-戊二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种,更优选4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种。
本发明中,所述扩链剂为脂肪族和/或脂环族二醇;其中,脂肪族二醇为乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、二乙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇中的一种或多种,优选1,4-丁二醇;脂环族二醇为1,4-环己二醇和/或1,4-环己烷二甲醇,优选1,4-环己烷二甲醇。
本发明中,所述交联剂为高官能度的醇、胺、醇胺中的一种或多种,优选官能度≥3;其中,高官能度醇为1,1,1-三(羟甲基)丙烷、1,2,3-丙三醇、1,1,1-三(羟甲基)乙烷、1,2,6-三羟基己烷、三羟乙基异氰尿酸酯、2,2-二(羟甲基)-1,3-丙二醇中的一种或多种,优选1,1,1-三(羟甲基)丙烷;高官能度胺为4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、5-氨基-1,3,3-三甲基环己甲胺、4,4’-二氨基二环己基甲烷、3,3’-二甲基-4,4’-二氨基二环己基甲烷中的一种或多种,优选4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、5-氨基-1,3,3-三甲基环己甲胺和4,4’-二氨基二环己基甲烷中的一种或多种;高官能度醇胺为三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、甲基二乙醇胺中的一种或多种,优选三乙醇胺。
本发明中,所述抗氧剂为受阻酚、芳香族仲胺、硫酯、亚磷酸酯抗氧剂中的一种或多种。
本发明中,所述催化剂为胺类催化剂,优选四甲基二丙烯三胺、三甲基羟乙基丙二胺、双(二甲氨基丙基)异丙醇胺、2-[[2-[2-(二甲氨)乙氧基乙基]甲氨基]-乙醇、N-(二甲氨丙基)二异丙醇胺中的一种或多种。
本发明中,所述发泡剂为二氧化碳、空气、氮气、氩气、一氯甲烷、一氯乙烷、1,1-二氟乙烷、三氟甲烷、1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷、三氟丙烯、六氟丁烯、1,1-二氯-1-氟代乙烷、1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷、1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷中的一种或多种。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种制备聚氨酯发泡材料的方法。
一种制备聚氨酯发泡材料的方法,所述材料采用了上述的含磷多元醇,或采用了上述制备方法制备的含磷多元醇,或为上述的聚氨酯发泡材料,所述材料通过多异氰酸酯、混合多元醇、扩链剂、交联剂和发泡剂在挤出设备中挤出反应发泡,发泡体在模压机中热压成型制备。
本发明中,所述挤出反应的温度为100-200℃,压力2-30MPaG,挤出量1-3kg/min,在挤出设备末端注入发泡剂。
本发明中,模压机温度为100-150℃,优选模压机温度为120-140℃。
本发明的还一目的在于提供一种聚氨酯发泡材料的用途。
一种聚氨酯发泡材料的用途,所述材料采用上述的含磷多元醇,或采用上述制备方法制备的含磷多元醇,或为上述的聚氨酯发泡材料,或为上述方法制备的聚氨酯发泡材料,所述的聚氨酯发泡材料用于鞋材、床垫、枕头、建筑材料、运输管道、保温材料。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明的聚氨酯泡沫添加含磷多元醇,极限氧指数大于21,具有良好阻燃效果。
(2)本发明的聚氨酯泡沫为本征阻燃型,不存在共混掺杂阻燃剂分散性差、易迁移析出的问题。
(3)本发明的聚氨酯发泡材料为微交联型,其回弹率≥65%,压缩永久变形≤3.5%。
(4)本发明采用反应型催化剂,避免了非反应型催化剂引起的挥发物释放,降低了VOC。
附图说明
图1为双螺杆挤出反应发泡挤出装置螺杆部分示意图。
图2为实施例1含磷多元醇PPCL的红外光谱。
具体实施方式
下面我们结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细阐述,但是本发明的范围并不限于这些实施例。在不脱离本发明上述方法思想的情况下,根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更,均应包含在本发明的范围内。
原料来源:
单丁基氧化锡,江苏顺达新材料有限公司,工业级;
甲基磷酸二甲酯,青岛富斯林化工科技有限公司,工业级;
苯基膦酸二甲酯,阿拉丁试剂有限公司,化学纯;
四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯,2-(2'-羟基-3',5'-二叔丁基苯基)苯并***,双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯,亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯,2'-(2'-羟基-3'-叔丁基-5'-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并***,2-(2'-羟基-3',5'-二叔戊基苯基)苯并***,台湾双键,工业级;
乙撑双硬脂酰胺,Chemetron公司,工业级;
1,4-丁二醇,硬脂酸锌,山东旭晨化工科技有限公司,工业级;
己内酯,聚仁,工业级;
丙交酯,麦克林,化学纯;
4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯,4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯,4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷,5-氨基-1,3,3-三甲基环己甲胺,聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇,数均分子量1000g/mol,万华化学集团股份有限公司,工业级;
1,1,1-三(羟甲基)丙烷,江苏百川,工业级;
三乙醇胺,佳化化工,工业级;
双(二甲氨基丙基)异丙醇胺、2-[[2-[2-(二甲氨)乙氧基乙基]甲氨基]-乙醇,亨斯迈,工业级;
聚四氢呋喃二醇,数均分子量1000g/mol,巴斯夫,工业级;
聚己内酯二醇,数均分子量1000g/mol,柏斯托,工业级;
设备信息及测试标准:
拉伸强度、撕裂强度测试设备,岛津拉力试验机。拉伸强度测试标准GB/T9641。撕裂强度测试标准GB/T 10808。
回弹率测试设备,冲击回弹试验机,高铁科技,型号GT-7042-RDH,测试标准GB/T6670。
压缩永久变形测试设备,压缩永久变形测试仪,测试标准GB/T 6669。
VOC测试设备,气相色谱—质谱联用仪,赛默飞,型号Trace-ISQ,测试标准VDA278。
极限氧指数测试设备,氧指数测定仪,型号JF-5,炯雷仪器设备,测试标准ASTM D2863。
红外光谱测试设备,红外光谱仪,型号Nicolet 6700,赛默飞。
含磷多元醇的制备
实施例1
在氮气保护下,将1kg甲基磷酸二甲酯、1.6kg 1,4-丁二醇、9g单丁基氧化锡加入反应釜中,升温至160℃反应15小时,抽真空除去残留的1,4-丁二醇,制备含磷二醇POHA。在氮气保护下,将5kg含磷二醇POHA、57kg己内酯、32g辛酸亚锡加入反应釜中,升温至130℃反应24小时,制备含磷多元醇PPCL。Mn=3000g/mol。产物红外光谱见图2。
在氮气保护下,将1kg苯基膦酸二甲酯、0.74kg乙二醇、9g单丁基氧化锡加入反应釜中,升温至160℃反应15小时,抽真空除去残留的乙二醇,制备含磷二醇POHB。在氮气保护下,将10kg含磷二醇POHB、29.3kg丙交酯、32g辛酸亚锡加入反应釜中,升温至130℃反应24小时,制备含磷多元醇PPLA。Mn=1000g/mol。
聚氨酯发泡材料的制备
实施例2
将300g数均分子量为3000g/mol含磷多元醇PPCL和300g数均分子量为1000g/mol的聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇、322g 4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、78g1,4-丁二醇、10g 1,1,1-三(羟甲基)丙烷、5g四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、1g 2-(2'-羟基-3',5'-二叔丁基苯基)苯并***、1g双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、1g乙撑双硬脂酰胺、0.1g双(二甲氨基丙基)异丙醇胺通过浇注机注入含14温区的双螺杆挤出机中,控制螺杆1-14温区温度:100℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,200℃,200℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,压力5MPaG,在螺杆第12温区注入40g二氧化碳气体,挤出量1.5kg/min。发泡体进入模压机,模压机温度140℃,成型时间10min,脱模后冷却至室温。测试拉伸强度、撕裂强度、回弹率、压缩永久变形、VOC、极限氧指数。
实施例3
将400g数均分子量为1000g/mol含磷多元醇PPLA和250g数均分子量为1000g/mol的聚四氢呋喃二醇、265g 1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、85g 1,4-丁二醇、10g 4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、4g四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、2g亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯、1g 2-(2'-羟基-3',5'-二叔戊基苯基)苯并***、1g双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、1g乙撑双硬脂酰胺、0.2g双(二甲氨基丙基)异丙醇胺通过浇注机注入含14温区的双螺杆挤出机中,控制螺杆1-14温区温度:100℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,200℃,200℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,压力10MPaG,在螺杆第12温区注入50g二氧化碳气体,挤出量1.5kg/min。发泡体进入模压机,模压机温度140℃,成型时间10min,脱模后冷却至室温。测试拉伸强度、撕裂强度、回弹率、压缩永久变形、VOC、极限氧指数。
实施例4
将200g数均分子量为1000g/mol含磷多元醇PPLA和400g数均分子量为1000g/mol的聚四氢呋喃二醇、337g 4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、63g 1,4-丁二醇、10g 5-氨基-1,3,3-三甲基环己甲胺、3g四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、1g 2'-(2'-羟基-3'-叔丁基-5'-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并***、1g双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、1g硬脂酸锌、0.2g 2-[[2-[2-(二甲氨)乙氧基乙基]甲氨基]-乙醇通过浇注机注入含14温区的双螺杆挤出机中,控制螺杆1-14温区温度:100℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,200℃,200℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,压力8MPaG,在螺杆第12温区注入50g 1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷,挤出量1.8kg/min。发泡体进入模压机,模压机温度140℃,成型时间10min,脱模后冷却至室温。测试拉伸强度、撕裂强度、回弹率、压缩永久变形、VOC、极限氧指数。
实施例5
将350g数均分子量为1000g/mol含磷多元醇PPLA和200g数均分子量为1000g/mol的聚己内酯二醇、370g 4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、80g的1,4-丁二醇、12g 4,4’-二氨基二环己基甲烷、3g四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、1g 2'-(2'-羟基-3'-叔丁基-5'-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并***、1g双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、1g硬脂酸锌、0.1g 2-[[2-[2-(二甲氨)乙氧基乙基]甲氨基]-乙醇通过浇注机注入含14温区的双螺杆挤出机中,控制螺杆1-14温区温度:100℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,200℃,200℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,压力15MPaG,在螺杆第12温区注入40g氮气,挤出量1kg/min。发泡体进入模压机,模压机温度140℃,成型时间10min,脱模后冷却至室温。测试拉伸强度、撕裂强度、回弹率、压缩永久变形、VOC、极限氧指数。
实施例6
将350g数均分子量为1000g/mol含磷多元醇PPLA和200g数均分子量为1000g/mol的聚四氢呋喃二醇、371g的4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、79g的1,4-丁二醇、10g 1,1,1-三(羟甲基)丙烷、3g四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、1g 2-(2'-羟基-3',5'-二叔丁基苯基)苯并***、1g双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、1g硬脂酸锌、0.1g 2-[[2-[2-(二甲氨)乙氧基乙基]甲氨基]-乙醇通过浇注机注入含14温区的双螺杆挤出机中,控制螺杆1-14温区温度:100℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,200℃,200℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,压力25MPaG,在螺杆第12温区注入30g二氧化碳气体,挤出量1.7kg/min。发泡体进入模压机,模压机温度140℃,成型时间10min,脱模后冷却至室温。测试拉伸强度、撕裂强度、回弹率、压缩永久变形、VOC、极限氧指数。
实施例7
将350g数均分子量为1000g/mol含磷多元醇PPLA和350g数均分子量为1000g/mol的聚四氢呋喃二醇、215g的1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、85g的1,4-环己烷二甲醇、10g三乙醇胺、3g四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、1g 2'-(2'-羟基-3'-叔丁基-5'-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并***、1g双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、1g硬脂酸锌、0.1g 2-[[2-[2-(二甲氨)乙氧基乙基]甲氨基]-乙醇通过浇注机注入含14温区的双螺杆挤出机中,控制螺杆1-14温区温度:100℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,200℃,200℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,压力12MPaG,在螺杆第12温区注入40g二氧化碳气体,挤出量1kg/min。发泡体进入模压机,模压机温度140℃,成型时间10min,脱模后冷却至室温。测试拉伸强度、撕裂强度、回弹率、压缩永久变形、VOC、极限氧指数。
对比例1
本对比例相对实施例2不含含磷多元醇。
将600g数均分子量为1000g/mol的聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇、333g 4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、67g 1,4-丁二醇、10g 1,1,1-三(羟甲基)丙烷、5g四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、1g 2-(2'-羟基-3',5'-二叔丁基苯基)苯并***、1g双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、1g乙撑双硬脂酰胺、0.1g双(二甲氨基丙基)异丙醇胺通过浇注机注入含14温区的双螺杆挤出机中,控制螺杆1-14温区温度:100℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,200℃,200℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,185℃,190℃,195℃,190℃,185℃,压力5MPaG,在螺杆第12温区注入40g二氧化碳气体,挤出量1.5kg/min。发泡体进入模压机,模压机温度140℃,成型时间10min,脱模后冷却至室温。测试拉伸强度、撕裂强度、回弹率、压缩永久变形、VOC、极限氧指数。
聚氨酯发泡材料实施例和对比例数据见表1。
表1聚氨酯发泡材料性能
通过上述实施例和对比例1的比较可知,本发明实施例较对比例极限氧指数提高。而且实施例具有高回弹、低压缩永久变形、低VOC的特点,回弹率≥65%,压缩永久变形≤3.5%,VOC<96ppm。
Claims (14)
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法中的催化剂为有机锡催化剂,优选辛酸亚锡和/或醋酸亚锡;
和/或,含磷二醇和内酯摩尔比为1:(5-30),优选1:(5-25);
和/或,所述反应温度为120-160℃,时间18-48小时。
4.一种聚氨酯发泡材料,所述材料采用权利要求1所述的含磷多元醇,或采用权利要求2或3所述制备方法制备的含磷多元醇,其特征在于,所述材料通过多异氰酸酯、包含含磷多元醇的混合多元醇、扩链剂、交联剂和发泡剂制备。
5.根据权利要求4所述的材料,其特征在于,所述包含含磷多元醇的混合多元醇包含含磷多元醇和不含磷多元醇,其中,所述含磷多元醇为式1所示的多元醇,所述不含磷多元醇为聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的材料,其特征在于,所述多异氰酸酯为芳香族多异氰酸酯、脂肪族多异氰酸酯、脂环族多异氰酸酯中的一种或多种;优选4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,2’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,5-萘二异氰酸酯、1,4-苯二异氰酸酯、间苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、二苯甲烷-3,3’-二甲氧基-4,4’-二异氰酸酯、1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1,10-癸二异氰酸酯、1,3-环己烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-六氢甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-六氢甲苯二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,2’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、L-赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、1,4-丁二异氰酸酯、1,5-戊二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种,更优选4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求4-6中任一项所述的材料,其特征在于,所述扩链剂为脂肪族和/或脂环族二醇;其中,脂肪族二醇为乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、二乙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇中的一种或多种,优选1,4-丁二醇;脂环族二醇为1,4-环己二醇和/或1,4-环己烷二甲醇,优选1,4-环己烷二甲醇。
8.根据权利要求4-7中任一项所述的材料,其特征在于,所述交联剂为高官能度的醇、胺、醇胺中的一种或多种,优选官能度≥3;其中,高官能度醇为1,1,1-三(羟甲基)丙烷、1,2,3-丙三醇、1,1,1-三(羟甲基)乙烷、1,2,6-三羟基己烷、三羟乙基异氰尿酸酯、2,2-二(羟甲基)-1,3-丙二醇中的一种或多种,优选1,1,1-三(羟甲基)丙烷;高官能度胺为4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、5-氨基-1,3,3-三甲基环己甲胺、4,4’-二氨基二环己基甲烷、3,3’-二甲基-4,4’-二氨基二环己基甲烷中的一种或多种,优选4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、5-氨基-1,3,3-三甲基环己甲胺和4,4’-二氨基二环己基甲烷中的一种或多种;高官能度醇胺为三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、甲基二乙醇胺中的一种或多种,优选三乙醇胺。
9.根据权利要求4-8中任一项所述的材料,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂为受阻酚、芳香族仲胺、硫酯、亚磷酸酯抗氧剂中的一种或多种。
10.根据权利要求4-9中任一项所述的材料,其特征在于,所述催化剂为胺类催化剂,优选四甲基二丙烯三胺、三甲基羟乙基丙二胺、双(二甲氨基丙基)异丙醇胺、2-[[2-[2-(二甲氨)乙氧基乙基]甲氨基]-乙醇、N-(二甲氨丙基)二异丙醇胺中的一种或多种。
11.根据权利要求4-10中任一项所述的材料,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为二氧化碳、空气、氮气、氩气、一氯甲烷、一氯乙烷、1,1-二氟乙烷、三氟甲烷、1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷、三氟丙烯、六氟丁烯、1,1-二氯-1-氟代乙烷、1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷、1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷中的一种或多种。
12.一种制备聚氨酯发泡材料的方法,所述材料采用权利要求1所述的含磷多元醇,或采用权利要求2或3所述制备方法制备的含磷多元醇,或为权利要求4-11中任一项所述的聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述材料通过多异氰酸酯、混合多元醇、扩链剂、交联剂和发泡剂在挤出设备中挤出反应发泡,发泡体在模压机中热压成型制备。
13.根据权利要求12所述的制备聚氨酯发泡材料的方法,其特征在于,所述挤出反应的温度为100-200℃,压力2-30MPaG,挤出量1-3kg/min,在挤出设备末端注入发泡剂;
和/或,模压机温度为100-150℃,优选模压机温度为120-140℃。
14.一种聚氨酯发泡材料的用途,所述材料采用权利要求1所述的含磷多元醇,或采用权利要求2或3所述制备方法制备的含磷多元醇,或为权利要求4-11中任一项所述的聚氨酯发泡材料,或为权利要求12或13所述方法制备的聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述的聚氨酯发泡材料用于鞋材、床垫、枕头、建筑材料、运输管道、保温材料。
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