CN114951673A - High-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device and process thereof - Google Patents
High-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device and process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114951673A CN114951673A CN202210685828.XA CN202210685828A CN114951673A CN 114951673 A CN114951673 A CN 114951673A CN 202210685828 A CN202210685828 A CN 202210685828A CN 114951673 A CN114951673 A CN 114951673A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization equipment which comprises an atomization cavity and a plasma rotating mechanism, wherein a bar is held by a driving clamping part and atomized under the plasma rotating mechanism, the plasma rotating mechanism comprises a rotary consumable electrode and a plasma nozzle part, and the rotary consumable electrode and the plasma nozzle part are oppositely arranged to emit arc powder atomization. The invention also discloses a high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device process, wherein a titanium alloy bar rotates at a high speed along the axial direction, plasma is used as a heat source to heat the end face of the bar, the end part of an electrode bar is melted by utilizing thousands of high temperature of high-power non-transferred arc plasma flame under the action of centrifugal force, a micro-area melting layer with the thickness of 10-50 mu m is formed instantaneously, and metal liquid drops are thrown away and rapidly cooled and solidified into metal powder. In the process, a titanium wire is used as a raw material, and is introduced from a jet flow focusing point emitted by a thermal plasma torch to melt and atomize the titanium wire at one time. Since the plasma nozzle creates a long thermal field, the titanium droplets can achieve sufficient surface tension in the hot zone to form a perfect sphere.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device.
The invention also relates to a high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization process.
Background
The titanium alloy has the advantages of high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, no magnetism, high temperature resistance, good biocompatibility and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, medicine, aviation and the like.
The process for preparing the titanium alloy powder comprises a plasma rotating electrode process, and a plasma rotating electrode atomization method is one of the ideal modes for preparing the high-purity and high-density spherical powder material. However, the plasma rotary atomization process is limited by the electrode rotation speed, and is difficult to prepare powder with the particle size of less than 100 μm, and the product is mainly used for a laser cladding deposition technology LENS and cannot really serve a laser selective melting metal 3D printing technology SLM and an electron beam melting metal 3D printing technology EBM.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization equipment and a process thereof.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device comprises an atomization cavity and a plasma rotating mechanism, wherein a rod is clamped by a driving clamping part and atomized under the plasma rotating mechanism, the plasma rotating mechanism comprises a rotary consumable electrode and a plasma nozzle part, and the rotary consumable electrode and the plasma nozzle part are oppositely arranged to emit arc powder atomization.
Furthermore, the plasma nozzle part comprises an upper cover plate of the cathode, an inner core of the cathode, an outer core of the cathode, a ceramic sleeve, a tungsten electrode and a plasma gas inlet, wherein the upper cover plate of the cathode is arranged above the inner core of the cathode and the outer core of the cathode, the inner core of the cathode and the outer core of the cathode form a water tank under the action of assembly, the ceramic sleeve and the outer core of the cathode form a circular seam gas passage, a ceramic tube is additionally arranged at the inlet of the titanium wire, and inert gas can be introduced into the plasma gas inlet.
Further, the plasma gas inlet is a hollow annular tube.
A high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device process,
the method comprises the following steps: the titanium alloy bar rotates along the axial direction at high speed, the rotating speed of 15000- -3 -3×10 -3 Pa, heating the end face of the bar by using plasma as a heat source under the protection of argon, instantaneously forming a micro-area melting layer with the thickness of 10-50 mu m by using thousands of high-temperature melting electrode bar ends of high-power non-transferred arc plasma flame under the action of centrifugal force, and throwing away metal droplets and rapidly cooling and solidifying the metal droplets into metal powder.
Further, the diameter of the electrode rod is 55-75 mm.
Furthermore, a conical induction coil is selected in the plasma process.
Furthermore, the particle size of the obtained powder is mainly distributed between 50 and 150 mu m, and the proportion of the obtained powder is 95 percent.
Furthermore, the powder contains high-content Si, the content of Si in the titanium alloy is 0.6-0.8%, the content of aluminum element is 7-8.5%, and trace Mo and Sn.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the process, a titanium wire is used as a raw material, and is introduced from a jet flow focusing point emitted by a thermal plasma torch to melt and atomize the titanium wire at one time. Since the plasma nozzle creates a long thermal field, the titanium droplets can achieve sufficient surface tension in the hot zone to form a perfect sphere. The plasma atomization process has the characteristics of highest powder quality, uniform particle size distribution, high purity, high sphericity, good fluidity, low oxygen content, few impurities, no adhesion phenomenon and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a plasma rotating mechanism according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a plasma nozzle structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a powder morphology map of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. an atomizing chamber; 200. driving the clamping member; 300. a bar stock; 400. a plasma rotating mechanism 401, a rotating consumable electrode 402, and a plasma nozzle portion;
1. the cathode comprises a cathode upper cover plate, 2, a cathode inner core, 3, a cathode outer core, 4, a ceramic sleeve, 5, a tungsten electrode, 6, a water tank, 7, a circular seam air passage, 8, a ceramic tube, 9, a circulating water inlet, 10 and a plasma gas inlet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device of the present invention includes an atomization chamber 100 and a plasma rotation mechanism 400, wherein a rod 300 is held by a driving holding member 200, the rod 300 is atomized by the plasma rotation mechanism 400, the plasma rotation mechanism 400 includes a consumable electrode 401 and a plasma nozzle portion 402, and the consumable electrode 401 and the plasma nozzle portion 402 are disposed opposite to each other to atomize arc powder.
As shown in fig. 3, the plasma nozzle portion includes an upper cathode cover plate 1, an inner cathode core 2, an outer cathode core 3, a ceramic sheath 4, a tungsten electrode 5, and a plasma gas inlet 10, wherein the upper cathode cover plate 1 is disposed above the inner cathode core 2 and the outer cathode core 3.
Wherein: a vertical downward pressing force is applied to the cathode upper cover plate 1, so that the nozzle cathode and the anode can be tightly matched. The upper cover plate of the cathode provides an inlet and an outlet for the plasma Ar and the cooling circulating water. The cathode inner core 2 and the cathode outer core 3 form a water tank 6 under the action of assembly, the ceramic sleeve 4 and the cathode outer core 3 form a circumferential seam air passage 7, and after argon enters the cathode upper cover plate 1, the argon enters the circumferential seam air passage 7 along the air hole to provide plasma gas Ar between a tungsten electrode and an anode.
When argon passes through the annular seam outlet, an area with a significant pressure difference is formed between the argon and the lower part of the tungsten electrode 5, so that a part of the argon flows towards the tungsten electrode, when airflow flows to the lower part of the tungsten electrode, the airflow collides with each other, and a part of the argon flows vertically downwards, which is beneficial to reducing the surface tension of liquid drops, and the other part of the airflow flows vertically upwards to generate a backflow phenomenon. When the titanium wire enters the nozzle, the diameter of the titanium wire is greatly different from the diameter of the titanium wire inlet, and the titanium wire does not move downwards in an absolute vertical manner, so that the titanium wire may contact with the inner wall of the cathode wire inlet, and a short circuit phenomenon occurs. Therefore, the ceramic tube 8 is additionally arranged at the titanium wire inlet to play a role in guiding and insulating. 9 is a circulating water inlet, 10 is a plasma gas inlet, and argon can be introduced.
The plasma gas inlet 10 is a hollow annular tube, and the inlet pressure is smaller when the inlet area is larger under the condition of the same gas pressure.
A high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization process comprises the following steps: the titanium alloy bar rotates along the axial direction at high speed, the rotating speed of 15000- -3 -3×10 -3 Pa, heating the end face of the bar by using plasma as a heat source under the protection of argon, instantaneously forming a micro-area melting layer with the thickness of 10-50 mu m by using thousands of high-temperature melting electrode bar ends of high-power non-transferred arc plasma flame under the action of centrifugal force, and throwing away metal droplets and rapidly cooling and solidifying the metal droplets into metal powder.
The method comprises the steps of selecting a conical induction coil, melting the end part of a titanium alloy bar with a specific size by the induction coil to directly form liquid flow, enabling the whole process not to contact a crucible, and then atomizing by high-speed argon gas flow to prepare powder.
The diameter of the electrode rod is 55-75 mm, and under the condition of ultrahigh-speed rotation (15000-17000 r/min), the centrifugal force of the metal liquid drops gradually overcomes the viscous force of the metal melting layer, and the liquid drops are formed and instantly cooled into spherical particles. Because the powder particles are subjected to micro-zone remelting, the powder particles inherit the component uniformity of the titanium alloy electrode bar subjected to vacuum melting for many times, and obvious component segregation hardly exists among the particles.
The rotation speed is increased, the proportion of the small-particle powder is increased, the particle size of the powder is mainly distributed at 50-150 mu m, and the proportion reaches 95%. The powder has good sphericity, basically has no hollow spheres and satellite spheres, and the proportion of the small-particle powder is increased along with the increase of the rotating speed. The powder has the most excellent powder flowability, sphericity and apparent density, and breaks through the limitation of coarse-grained powder of the traditional PREP process.
In FIG. 4, the powder is spherical, has smooth surface, is basically free of satellite balls and has better flowability. It was found that the powder surface was dominated by a cellular structure and was essentially free of hollow spheres.
The powder contains Si with higher content, the content of Si in the titanium alloy is 0.6 to 0.8 percent,
in order to improve the high-temperature creep property of the titanium alloy to the maximum extent and ensure good thermal stability,
prevent the deterioration of plasticity and stress corrosion performance, the content of aluminum element is 7-8.5%, and trace Mo and Sn.
Si can greatly improve the high-temperature creep resistance of the alloy, Sn can obviously improve the heat strength of the alloy, and as an alloying element of the heat-strength titanium alloy, Sn can not influence the room-temperature plasticity of the titanium alloy while improving the heat strength of the alloy. The increase of the Mo content can improve the process plasticity of the high-temperature titanium alloy, and simultaneously, the precipitation rate of silicide in the alloy is accelerated. Therefore, the alloy adds trace Mo: 0.45-0.5% and Sn: 0.34-0.4%.
In the process, a titanium wire is used as a raw material, and is introduced from a jet flow focusing point emitted by a thermal plasma torch to melt and atomize the titanium wire at one time. Since the plasma nozzle creates a long thermal field, the titanium droplets can achieve sufficient surface tension in the hot zone to form a perfect sphere.
The plasma atomization process has the characteristics of highest powder quality, uniform particle size distribution, high purity, high sphericity, good fluidity, low oxygen content, less impurities, no adhesion phenomenon and the like.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device is characterized in that: the device comprises an atomizing cavity (100) and a plasma rotating mechanism (400), wherein a bar stock (300) is clamped (200) by a driving clamping component, the bar stock (300) is atomized under the plasma rotating mechanism (400), the plasma rotating mechanism (400) comprises a rotary consumable electrode (441) and a plasma nozzle part (442), and the rotary consumable electrode (442) and the plasma nozzle part (443) are oppositely arranged to emit arc powder atomization.
2. The high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomizing apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the plasma nozzle part comprises a cathode upper cover plate (1), a cathode inner core (2), a cathode outer core (3), a ceramic sleeve (4), a tungsten electrode (5) and a plasma gas inlet (10), wherein the cathode upper cover plate (1) is arranged above the cathode inner core (2) and the cathode outer core (3), the cathode inner core (2) and the cathode outer core (3) form a water tank (6) under the action of assembly, the ceramic sleeve (4) and the cathode outer core (3) form a circumferential weld air flue (7), a ceramic tube (8) is additionally arranged at a titanium wire inlet, and the plasma gas inlet (10) can be filled with inert gas.
3. The high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomizing apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the plasma gas inlet (10) is a hollow annular tube.
4. A high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device process is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps: the titanium alloy bar rotates along the axial direction at high speed, the rotating speed of 15000- -3 -3×10 -3 Pa, heating the end face of the bar by using plasma as a heat source under the protection of argon, instantaneously forming a micro-area melting layer with the thickness of 10-50 mu m by using thousands of high-temperature melting electrode bar ends of high-power non-transferred arc plasma flame under the action of centrifugal force, and throwing away metal droplets and rapidly cooling and solidifying the metal droplets into metal powder.
5. The high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device process as claimed in claim 4, wherein the titanium alloy powder atomization device process comprises the following steps: the diameter of the electrode rod is 55-75 mm.
6. The high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device process as claimed in claim 4, wherein the titanium alloy powder atomization device process comprises the following steps: the conical induction coil is selected in the plasma process.
7. The high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device process as claimed in claim 4, wherein the titanium alloy powder atomization device process comprises the following steps: the obtained powder has particle diameter of 50-150 μm, and the proportion is 95%.
8. The high-frequency plasma heating titanium alloy powder atomization device process as claimed in claim 4, wherein the titanium alloy powder atomization device process comprises the following steps: the powder contains high-content Si, 0.6-0.8% of Si in the titanium alloy, 7-8.5% of aluminum element and trace Mo and Sn.
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| CN117483772A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司 | Powder preparation method of plasma atomization powder preparation equipment |
| CN117500137A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司 | Plasma gun, power density adjusting method thereof and plasma atomization powder making equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115773654A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-10 | 西安石油大学 | Annular plasma container-free zone melting device used in argon filling cabin |
| CN117259770A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2023-12-22 | 西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司 | Gas control system for preparing powder based on PREP and application method thereof |
| CN117259770B (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-02-13 | 西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司 | Gas control system for preparing powder based on PREP and application method thereof |
| CN117483772A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司 | Powder preparation method of plasma atomization powder preparation equipment |
| CN117500137A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司 | Plasma gun, power density adjusting method thereof and plasma atomization powder making equipment |
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| CN117500137B (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-02 | 西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司 | Plasma gun, power density adjusting method thereof and plasma atomization powder making equipment |
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