CN1172762C - Atomizing pulverization technology and apparatus by high-power high-frequency electromagnetic oscillasion - Google Patents

Atomizing pulverization technology and apparatus by high-power high-frequency electromagnetic oscillasion Download PDF

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CN1172762C
CN1172762C CNB00122011XA CN00122011A CN1172762C CN 1172762 C CN1172762 C CN 1172762C CN B00122011X A CNB00122011X A CN B00122011XA CN 00122011 A CN00122011 A CN 00122011A CN 1172762 C CN1172762 C CN 1172762C
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powder
alloy
metal
jet
water
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CN1334159A (en
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梁乃茹
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Baotou HUAMEI RE products Co., Ltd.
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BAOTOU HUAMEI RE PRODUCTS Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a technology and an apparatus for atomizing and preparing powder by high-power high-frequency electromagnetic oscillation, which belongs to the metallurgy preparation field. The powder preparation technology comprises that a metal or alloy in a melting state is jetted onto a rotary device with an electromagnetic oscillation device through a nozzle under certain conditions to rapidly solidify into metal or alloy powder. The jet power of the melting metal or alloy is utilized to atomize metal or alloy turbulent jet streams hitting on a water-cooling magnet rotary disc into liquid drops which are peremptorily cooled and rapidly solidified into solid powder. The apparatus is a melting material crucible with an air inlet pipe and a nozzle. The melting material crucible is arranged in a sealing device, and is fixed above a can-shaped yoke; a jet inlet, a powder outlet and a shaft hole are arranged on the can-shaped yoke. A shaft is in double layers; a cooling circulating water inlet and a cooling circulating water outlet are arranged in the shaft which is respectively connected with rotary discs on a motor and an electromagnetic oscillator. The present invention obtains particle powder of micron grade or nanometer grade of nanometer crystal structure, and has the advantages of uniform particle granularity and low cost.

Description

Electromagnetic viscosimeter powder by atomization technology and device
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of electromagnetic viscosimeter powder by atomization technology and device, belong to the field of powder metallurgy preparation that a kind of rapid hardening prepares metal and alloyed powder.
Two, background technology:
The method of utilizing rapid hardening, fast quenching to prepare the metal or alloy powder at present has: copper+polishing, gases at high pressure atomization, high-pressure water atomization, plasma atomization, laminar flow atomization and powder coat method.
(1), copper+polishing: typical, U.S.'s MQ magnetic is to adopt the preparation of vacuum quick quenching (rapid hardening thin slice) technology: with the alloy jet of fusing chilling flakiness to the rotation copper roller, pulverize.
(2), gases at high pressure atomization: with high-pressure inert gas the alloy liquation is jetted into droplet, the metal droplet is cooled to powder by high pressure draught, and general gas atomization powder particles is thicker, is about 40-200 μ m.The powder size that in the powder of stainless steel of Britain Osprey company with high pressure argon gas and nitrogen (pressure is up to 5MPa) production 75% (mass fraction) is arranged is much higher than 20% (mass fraction) of conventional aerosolization method less than 20 μ m, and its particle mean size is 14 μ m.
(3), high-pressure water atomization: PAMCO, the Kobe Steel of Japan develop a kind of high-pressure water atomization.Adopt the atomizing of 1500MPa High-Pressure Water, a large amount of production water atomized powder.Shortcomings such as PAMCO is low at water atomization powder out-of-shape, tap density, oxygen content height have been done a lot of improvement.The oxygen content of existing water atomization powder reaches 2900 * 10-6.Kobe Steel then adopts its unique V-type jet nozzle production water atomization metal alloy powder.
(4), plasma atomization: Canadian Pyro Genesis company and LTEE company have developed a kind of plasma atomization, mainly produce titanium and other the various high active powders of the various MIM of being used for.It is raw material that this method adopts the titanium wire rod, and the high-temperature plasma gas of the high speed that the employing plasma nozzle penetrates is as atomizing medium.Belonging to wire rod owing to handsel is raw material, and adopts 3 plasma nozzles of coaxial one-tenth 20-40 degree, makes the feeding of raw metal and fusing, atomizing finish in same step, has guaranteed the sphericity of powder, and has avoided the operating difficulties of molten titanium water bag.Except producing titanium valve, this two company also produces Ti6Al-4V, Cu, Al, Mo, IN718Ni-Cu, Ni powder etc.It is raw material that this method adopts metal wire rod, causes productivity ratio lower, powder cost height.
(5), laminar flow atomization: German Nanoval company has developed a kind of aerosolization technology of uniqueness, and basic ideas are to use self-stabilization, the strict air-flow that becomes stratiform, make the molten metal PARALLEL FLOW.To the narrowlyest quickened (from several m/s to velocity of sound) rapidly by the gas compression, gas is for obtaining the stable laminar flow of being from the inlet of Laval nozzle for the metal that has melted.Sentence down the narrowest, air-flow is accelerated to supersonic speed by Fast Compression, because shear stress, the metal bath silk is with higher speed distortion at gas-liquid interface, and is final unstable and be broken into many thinner silks, finally condenses into fine powder.The alloy powder granularity of this method preparation is about 10 μ m, and wherein the following powder of 20 μ m granularities accounts for 90%.
(6), powder coats method: U.S. Powdermet company and Advance Ceramics company have developed a kind of powder coating legal system and have been equipped with metal dust.Adopt the circulation fast fluidized bed reactor to prepare cladding powder.Adopt the powder method that coats to avoid inhomogeneous in the powder premixed process.
Above preparation method only can produce the metal powder of powder degree 200-10 μ m.And be the laboratory system nano metal and the alloyed powder method of single furnace output unit with gram: method such as vacuum evaporation modern age is inapplicable carries out the big production of Metal and Alloy powder.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of except that having above-mentioned various production technology advantage, also can produce metal or alloy powder sky greatly, can carry out the micron particles and the nano-scale particle powder of large-scale production nanocrystalline structure again, and the powder particle of producing is even, cost is low, and can produce preparation method and device thereof that the metal or alloy powder is produced in an a kind of rapid hardening of the powder of different grain size distribution as required.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Flouring technology of the present invention is: under 0.1-10MPa air pressure, metal or alloy in the melting pot is behind the vacuum gas filling melt, molten metal or alloy in the melting pot pass through nozzle, by the jet inlet jet to water-cooled magnet rotating disk, when the electromagnetic viscosimeter frequency is that 5-200KHz, electromagnetic field intensity are 6000-8000KAm -1When the rotating speed of rotating disk is 500-2500 rev/min, utilize the jet power of motlten metal or alloy to cause the turbulent condition of jet,, make and beat that the metal or alloy turbulent jet is atomized into drop on water-cooled magnet rotating disk, and the chilling rapid hardening becomes solid-state powder by electromagnetic viscosimeter.
Device of the present invention is: the melting pot top is provided with crucible and goes into tracheae, the melting pot bottom is provided with nozzle, melting pot places in the sealing device, and be fixedly mounted on bucket-can shape yoke top by it, bucket-can shape yoke top has jet inlet, jet inlet is corresponding with nozzle, bucket-can shape yoke top have meal outlet and, line bag cooling circulating water advances, export and reach axis hole, rotating shaft is non magnetic hollow axle, and be double-deck axle, being provided with cooling circulating water in it advances, the outlet and, rotating shaft one end is connected with motor, hertz oscilltor in the other end passes axis hole and places the bucket-can shape yoke is connected, hertz oscilltor is closed by the yoke ring, and hertz oscilltor is by water-cooled magnet rotating disk, the magnetic sleeve pipe, water-cooled magnetoelectricity generator line bag is formed, and water-cooled magnet rotating disk is connected with rotating shaft, be positioned at rotating disk below and place in the rotating shaft of bucket-can shape yoke and be set with the magnetic sleeve pipe, the magnetoelectricity generator line bag of being with water-cooled is housed on the sleeve pipe.
But the metal or alloy of spray metal or alloy fusing point≤1600 ℃.
But the production powder size is the subcircular metal or alloy powder of 200 μ m-20nm.
The spray orifice shape of nozzle can be rectangle or circle, and spray orifice can be single hole, three holes, six holes, nine holes or porous.
The bucket-can shape yoke is provided with the insulation sealing shell outward.
The present invention utilizes electromagnetic viscosimeter and rotating disk centrifugal force to disturb the molten stream of metal or alloy of atomizing turbulent flow to become drop, and rapid hardening becomes the subcircular powder.By high-speed jet air pressure, speed, nozzle form, size, the electromagnetic viscosimeter frequency, rotary speed is used in oscillating magnetic field intensity and cooling, can obtain the micron particles and the nano-scale particle powder of nanocrystalline structure.In theory, change the diameter of liquid metal or alloy jet, speed and lengthwise oscillations magnetic force that applies and rotating disk centrifugal force in conjunction with disturbance, the drop of any size all can create.All technological parameters of maintenance of the present invention are constant, and then can produce all particles is onesize uniform powder, and varigrained uniform powder mixes, and then can produce the powder that desired particle size distributes.
Four, description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation sketch of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the non magnetic hollow axle partial sectional view of the present invention.
The present invention is at the molten foundry alloy material of packing in the alloy melting pot 2 that flows, carry out melting, material stove crucible 2 tops are provided with crucible and go into tracheae 1, melting pot 2 bottoms are provided with jet rose 3, material stove crucible 2 places in the obturator 4, and be fixedly mounted on bucket-can shape yoke 6 tops by it, bucket-can shape yoke 6 tops are provided with jet inlet 5, this hole is corresponding with nozzle 3, place, limit, two ends, bucket-can shape yoke 6 bottom has meal outlet 11 and 12 respectively, the bottom also has line bag cooling circulating water and advances, outlet 13 and 14 and axis hole 15, meal outlet 11,12 are connected with powder collector respectively, line bag cooling circulating water advances, outlet 13,14 are connected with water pipe condensation case, rotating shaft 10 is non magnetic hollow axle, and be double-deck axle, being provided with cooling circulating water in it advances, outlet 17 and 18, rotating shaft 10 1 ends are connected with motor, the other end passes axis hole 15 and places in the bucket-can shape yoke 6, and the water-cooled magnet rotating disk 7 on the hertz oscilltor 16 that is closed by its ring is connected, be positioned at water-cooled magnet rotating disk 7 belows, and place in the rotating shaft 10 in the bucket-can shape yoke 6 magnetic sleeve pipe 8 is housed, be wound with the magnetoelectricity generator line bag 9 of band water-cooled on the sleeve pipe 8.
Its flouring technology is as follows:
(1), as making the NdFeB powder, in molten stream alloy melting pot 2, the foundry alloy NdFeB that packs into carries out melting, to the solution temperature that is higher than about 150 ℃ of foundry alloy fusing points, send into inert gas by going into tracheae 1, under 0.8MPa air pressure, the NdFeB alloy of molten state passes through jet rose 3 by jet inlet 5, on the water-cooled magnet rotating disk 7 of jet to the hertz oscilltor 16 that places bucket-can shape yoke 6, because the surface of spherical drop can be lower than the surface energy with the fluid column of volume, thereby liquid jet always is tending towards being broken for drop.Jet crushing is mainly due to due to the capillary instability.Utilization produces AC magnetic field with the spiraltron of hollow iron core, iron core is gripped ring with iron and is closed, bucket-can shape iron has been gripped the molten stream of alloy jet and has been entered hole 5, iron grip and rotating disk 7 between form the stray field of alternation, produce stray field magnetic force longitudinally, vertically the stray field magnetic force of alternation disturbs the alloy liquid stream of turbulent flow, and making it becomes powdery under the centrifugal force of rotating disk 7.When the electromagnetic viscosimeter frequency is 50KHz, magnetic field intensity is 8000KAm -1Rotary speed is 1500 rev/mins, make the NdFeB alloy turbulent jet of beating on water-cooled rotating disk 7 be atomized into drop, and the chilling rapid hardening becomes solid-state powder, the granularity of solid-state powder is about 150 μ m, grain size is about 50nm, solid-state powder is collected by powder collector by meal outlet 11 and 12, the non magnetic hollow axle 10 of driven by motor rotates, driving water-cooled magnet rotating disk 7 simultaneously rotates, rotating shaft 10 is double-deck axle, be provided with in it and the advancing of the cooling circulating water of water-cooled magnet rotating disk 7, outlet 17 and 18 is wrapped in the magnetoelectricity generator line bag 9 of the band water-cooled on the magnetic sleeve pipe 8, under external power supply, produce magnetic field, the solenoid cooling water is by advancing, delivery port 13 and 14 circulates by water pipe integrated box and cooling water circulating device.
(2), as making the FeNiSiB powder, the foundry alloy FeNiSiB that packs in molten stream alloy melting pot 2 carries out melting, to being higher than the FeNiSiB that melt attitude of foundry alloy fusing point more than 100 ℃ under 0.5MPa air pressure, on jet rose 3 and the jet inlet 5 jets water-cooled magnet rotating disk 7 in the bucket-can shape yoke 6, because bucket-can shape yoke 6 has the molten stream of alloy jet to enter hole 5,7 of bucket-can shape yoke 6 and rotating disks form the alternation stray field, produce stray field magnetic force longitudinally, vertically the stray field magnetic force of alternation disturbs the alloy liquid stream of turbulent flow.When the electromagnetic viscosimeter frequency is 100KHz, magnetic field intensity is 8000KAm -1, when rotary speed is 1600 rev/mins, making the FeNiSiB alloy of beating on water-cooled rotating disk 7, turbulent flow is atomized into drop under the centrifugal action of rotating disk 7, and the chilling rapid hardening becomes solid state powder, and the granularity of solid-state powder is about 160 μ m, and grain size is about 40nm.
(3), as process industry pure iron metal, in molten stream alloy melting pot 2, the technical pure of packing into metal, carry out melting, arrive the ionic metal fusing point more than 150 ℃, the ingot iron metal that melts attitude is under 2.0MPa air pressure, by jet rose 3 and jet inlet 5, on the water-cooled magnet rotating disk 7 of jet in the bucket-can shape yoke 6, because bucket-can shape yoke 6 has Metal Melting stream jet orifice 5, form the alternation stray field between bucket-can shape yoke 6 and the rotating disk 7, produce stray field magnetic force longitudinally, vertically the stray field magnetic force of alternation disturbs the molten metal of turbulent flow.When the electromagnetic viscosimeter frequency is 200KHz, magnetic field intensity is 6000KHz -1, when rotary speed is 2000 rev/mins, make the ingot iron metal of beating on water-cooled magnet rotating disk 7 under the centrifugal action of rotating disk 7, turbulent jet is atomized into drip, and the chilling rapid hardening becomes solid state powder, and the granularity of solid-state powder is about 0.05 μ m, and grain size is about 20nm.
(4), as making the nickel-chromium steel powder, under above-mentioned identical device, preparation technology, when being higher than the foundry alloy fusing point more than 150 ℃, the magnetic field oscillation frequency is 100KHz under 5.0MPa air pressure, magnetic field intensity is 8000KAm -1, when rotary speed was 2000 rev/mins, the solid-state powder degree that can generate was about 1.0 μ m, grain size is about 45nm.
(5), as making the alusil alloy powder, under above-mentioned identical device, preparation technology, when being higher than foundry alloy point more than 200 ℃, under 7.0MPa air pressure, the magnetic field oscillation frequency is 100KHz, magnetic field intensity is 7000KAm -1, dish is walked around speed when being 2500 rev/mins, and the solid-state powder degree that can generate is about 0.1 μ m, and grain size is about 25nm.
Subsphaeroidal metal dust can be used for filtering, metal injection moulding, and rapid prototyping is made, and mold pressing is burnt Queensland and formed shape and thermal spraying (plating).

Claims (6)

1, electromagnetic viscosimeter powder by atomization technology, it is characterized in that: under 0.1-10MPa air pressure, metal or alloy in the melting pot (2) is behind the vacuum gas filling melt, molten metal in the melting pot (2) or alloy are by nozzle (3), by jet inlet (5) jet to water-cooled magnet rotating disk (7), when the electromagnetic viscosimeter frequency is that 5-200KHz, electromagnetic field intensity are 6000-8000KAm -1When the rotating speed of rotating disk (7) is 500-2500 rev/min, utilize the jet power of motlten metal or alloy to cause the turbulent condition of jet, pass through electromagnetic viscosimeter, make to beat to be atomized into drop, and the chilling rapid hardening becomes solid-state powder at the last metal or alloy turbulent jet of water-cooled magnet rotating disk (7).
2, electromagnetic viscosimeter powder by atomization device is characterized in that: melting pot (2) top is provided with crucible and goes into tracheae (1), melting pot (2) bottom is provided with nozzle (3), melting pot (2) places in the sealing device (4), and be fixedly mounted on bucket-can shape yoke (6) top by it, bucket-can shape yoke (6) top has jet inlet (5), jet inlet (5) is corresponding with nozzle (3), bucket-can shape yoke (6) bottom has meal outlet (11) and (12), line bag cooling circulating water advances, outlet (13) and (14) and axis hole (15), rotating shaft (10) is non magnetic hollow axle, and be double-deck axle, being provided with cooling circulating water in it advances, outlet (17) and (18), rotating shaft (10) one ends are connected with motor, hertz oscilltor (16) in the other end passes axis hole (15) and places bucket-can shape yoke (6) is connected, hertz oscilltor (16) is closed by the yoke ring, hertz oscilltor (16) is by water-cooled magnet rotating disk (7), magnetic sleeve pipe (8), water-cooled magnetoelectricity generator line bag (9) is formed, water-cooled magnet rotating disk (7) is connected with rotating shaft (10), be positioned at rotating disk (7) below and place in the rotating shaft (10) of bucket-can shape yoke (6) and be set with magnetic sleeve pipe (8), the magnetoelectricity generator line bag (9) of being with water-cooled is housed on the sleeve pipe (8).
3, flouring technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: but the metal or alloy of spray metal or alloy fusing point≤1600 ℃.
4, device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: but the production powder size is the subcircular metal or alloy powder of 200 μ m-20nm.
5, device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the spray orifice shape of nozzle (3) can be rectangle or circle, and spray orifice can be single hole, three holes, six holes, nine holes or porous.
6, device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the outer insulation sealing shell that is provided with of bucket-can shape yoke (6).
CNB00122011XA 2000-07-18 2000-07-18 Atomizing pulverization technology and apparatus by high-power high-frequency electromagnetic oscillasion Expired - Fee Related CN1172762C (en)

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KR100449820B1 (en) 2002-07-02 2004-09-22 오재완 The continuous metal powder fabric apparatus with a screw
CN100457336C (en) * 2004-07-30 2009-02-04 昆明贵金属研究所 Preparation method of special metal or alloy powder and its device
US7578960B2 (en) * 2005-09-22 2009-08-25 Ati Properties, Inc. Apparatus and method for clean, rapidly solidified alloys
CN102039409B (en) * 2009-10-20 2013-06-19 沈阳工业大学 Method and equipment for preparing vibrated atomizing gas
CN102861919B (en) * 2012-09-21 2017-02-08 徐广� Plasma ultrasonic gas atomization titanium-based powder and preparation method thereof
CN105903975B (en) * 2016-06-06 2018-06-29 江苏威拉里新材料科技有限公司 A kind of equipment for atomized metal pow der production method
CN108941593B (en) * 2018-07-09 2020-02-14 华中科技大学 Device and method for preparing metal powder by utilizing electromagnetic force
CN111570099B (en) * 2020-05-14 2021-05-28 安徽理工大学 Jet atomization device and flotation device with same

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