CN114950704A - Beneficiation method for improving concentrate grade through primary pulp beneficiation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a beneficiation method for improving the grade of concentrate by using raw pulp beneficiation, which is characterized in that tailings (selected raw pulp in sulfur beneficiation operation) generated in a copper-sulfur ore preferential flotation process are led into a hydrocyclone for carrying out classification desliming and reagent removal treatment, so that the floating activity of pyrite in the selected raw pulp is effectively improved under the condition of not using a flotation regulator, and the grade and the recovery rate of a flotation sulfur concentrate product are greatly improved. The beneficiation method has the advantages of simple process, energy conservation and consumption reduction, solves the production problems of low sulfur concentrate grade and low recovery rate in the production process of the primary pulp sulfur beneficiation process, reduces the loss of pyrite, and has high beneficiation comprehensive benefit.

Description

Beneficiation method for improving concentrate grade through primary pulp beneficiation

Technical Field

The invention relates to a beneficiation method for improving concentrate grade by tailings magma beneficiation generated in a copper-sulfur ore preferential flotation process, and belongs to the technical field of beneficiation.

Background

Flotation is a main method for separating minerals. Mainly utilizes the different properties of separated minerals wetted by water, and generally makes hydrophobic minerals enriched on a gas-liquid interface or an oil-water interface, while hydrophilic minerals remain in water. The flotation separation has application in metallurgy, medicine, chemical industry, agriculture, biology, environmental protection and other aspects.

The development of flotation has undergone three stages:

surface flotation stage: the grinding dry powder is lightly scattered on the surface of flowing water flow, hydrophobic minerals are not easy to be wetted and float on the water surface, and gather into a thin layer to become concentrate, and hydrophilic minerals easy to be wetted by water sink, so that the purpose of mineral separation is achieved;

a full-oil flotation stage: stirring the finely ground ore and a large amount of oil together, mixing hydrophobic and oleophilic ore particles into the oil through an oil-water interface to form an aggregate with the relative density less than 1, floating on the surface of the ore pulp, and trying to separate the aggregate from hydrophilic ore particles in the ore pulp;

a froth flotation stage: the foam flotation is a main method of modern flotation, and the specific method is to add a certain variety and quantity of agents into ground ore pulp to ensure that hydrophobic ore particles are selectively enriched on the surface of bubbles. The air bubbles attached to the ore particles can float from the ore pulp because the density of the polymer is less than that of the ore pulp, a foam layer is formed on the surface of the ore pulp, and the hydrophilic ore particles still stay in the ore pulp. The foam is separated from the pulp, so that the hydrophobic ore particles can be separated from the hydrophilic ore particles.

In the flotation process, the specific surface area of the fine mud minerals is large, a cover effect can be formed on the surface of useful minerals, the adsorption of a collecting agent on target minerals is prevented, a large amount of beneficiation reagents can be consumed, and the production cost is increased. In addition, after the upper-stage flotation operation is finished, part of residual reagent exists in ore pulp, the flotation environment is disturbed, and if fine mud and the residual reagent are not removed in time, certain influence is generated on ore dressing indexes.

At present, the main methods adopted for treating copper tailing slurry generated by the preferential flotation of copper-sulfur ores are two types: a direct flotation method of copper tail raw pulp and a desliming-flotation method of copper tail raw pulp-a thickener.

The direct flotation method of copper tail raw pulp has poor flow stability, and due to the existence of slime and residual medicament in the treated pulp, the activity passivation phenomenon of useful minerals is serious, so that the indexes of concentrate grade and recovery rate are low, and the loss of the useful minerals is serious; the copper tail raw pulp-thickener desliming-flotation method has stable flow, the thickener has certain desliming and pesticide removing effects, but valuable metals in overflow of the thickener are seriously lost, the production operation flow is long, the management is complex, the production cost is high, and although the concentrate grade is improved to a certain extent, the production index has poor stability and large fluctuation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a beneficiation method for improving concentrate grade by primary pulp beneficiation, which aims to solve the technical problem that the concentrate grade and the recovery rate are low in the beneficiation process of tailings (primary pulp for sulfur flotation operation) generated by the operation of a preferential flotation flow of copper-sulfur ores. The beneficiation method has the advantages of simple flow, compact equipment configuration, energy conservation and consumption reduction, and can effectively reduce the loss of useful metal minerals and improve the concentrate grade and the recovery rate of the useful metal minerals.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

1. feeding the tailings subjected to the preferential flotation operation into a first-section hydrocyclone group for classification, and feeding the classified overflow products into a second-section hydrocyclone group for classification again;

2. uniformly mixing the sand setting products of the first-stage hydrocyclone unit and the second-stage hydrocyclone unit through an ore pulp stirring barrel, and adding water into the stirring barrel for pulp mixing and dosing;

3. the ore pulp is fully contacted with a flotation reagent in a stirring barrel, and enters a sulfur separation process for foam flotation;

4. and in the sulfur separation process, a mineral separation process flow of 'secondary roughing + secondary scavenging' and sequential forward return of the flotation middling products is adopted to obtain high-grade sulfur concentrate products.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a table showing the results of size classification and assay of Wushan copper tailings from Wushan copper mine of Jiangxi copper industries, Ltd;

FIG. 3 is a table showing the comparison of the results of the mineral separation technical indexes obtained by the present invention and the traditional process indexes after the present invention is applied to the preferential flotation of copper tailings from Wushan copper mine of Jiangxi copper industries, Ltd.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a beneficiation method for improving concentrate grade by primary pulp beneficiation, including:

classifying the flotation tailings to obtain overflow products and settled sand products;

classifying the overflow product to obtain a new overflow product and a new settled sand product;

merging the graded sand setting products, and performing flotation operation after size mixing and dosing;

and obtaining a high-quality concentrate product through a froth flotation process.

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying fig. 1, and therefore does not limit the scope of the present invention.

Examples

Taking the example of the prior flotation operation of Wushan copper mine of Jiangxi copper industries GmbH to improve the grade of sulfur concentrate, the screening result of the size fraction of the copper tailings is shown in figure 2.

The copper tailing protoplasm has the characteristics that:

(1) the primary and secondary slime content in the pulp is high, as can be seen from fig. 2: the yield of the fraction below 0.020mm is 41.44 percent (mass percent), and the sulfur is 41.70 percent;

(2) in the preferential flotation process, a collecting agent is added for copper separation and a large amount of lime is added for inhibiting the pyrite from floating upwards, so that part of the agent can be remained in the copper tailings.

The copper tailing raw pulp adopts the mineral processing technological process, and the comparison result of the obtained mineral processing technical indexes and the traditional technological process is shown in figure 3.

The working process of the beneficiation method for improving the concentrate grade by tailings original pulp beneficiation of the embodiment is as follows:

the copper-sulfur ore preferential flotation tailings (selected raw pulp) automatically flow into a pump pool, and the pulp is conveyed to a hydrocyclone group for classification through an 6/4E-AH slurry pump;

the graded settled sand enters a stirring barrel with the diameter of phi 3 meters for size mixing, and is added with a collecting agent butyl xanthate 60g/t and a foaming agent JT-200020 g/t for full mixing, and then the flotation operation is carried out; the classified overflow product is classified again through 3/2E-AH slag slurry pumping classification equipment;

understandably, the reclassified settled sand product enters the stirring barrel with the diameter of phi 3 m for size mixing and enters the flotation operation after being added with chemicals, and the reclassified overflow product and the flotation tailings are discharged into a tailing pond;

it can be understood that, as an optimal selection, the copper tailing primary pulp classification method for improving the concentrate grade by the tailing primary pulp classification adopts 2 hydrocyclones with the diameter of phi 660 mm;

preferably, the overflow grading and reclassification equipment for the beneficiation method of the tailings primary pulp for improving the concentrate grade adopts 2 hydrocyclones with the diameter of phi 500 mm;

it can be understood that after the copper tail and overflow are deslimed and subjected to chemical removal by adopting the hydrocyclone, the settled sand of the hydrocyclone is subjected to pulp mixing and chemical adding again in a stirring barrel with the diameter of phi 3 m, and the collecting agent and the foaming agent are subjected to full contact reaction with the ore pulp in the stirring barrel and enter a flotation operation process;

it can be understood that the flotation operation is preferably a flow of 'secondary roughing, secondary scavenging and middling progressive forward and backward', and the flotation equipment adopts XCF/KYF-8M ³ A series of external pneumatic mechanical stirring type flotation units with 20 tanks; the XCF series flotation machine is used as a slurry suction tank and a flotation tank for each flotation operation, and the KYF series flotation machine is used as a flotation tank for each operation. After the ore pulp passes through the flow, the whole process of flotation operation is completed, and a sulfur concentrate product with the sulfur concentrate grade of more than 40 percent (metal mass percent) is obtained.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting, since various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, and any changes, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the principle and spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A ore dressing method for improving concentrate grade through primary pulp ore dressing is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) from tailings (as the primary pulp for subsequent operation) generated in the flotation process operation, the beneficiation method for improving the sulfur concentrate grade and the recovery rate of copper tailings generated in the copper-sulfur ore preferential flotation process operation is not only limited, but also is applicable to the beneficiation method for improving the valuable metal mineral grade and the recovery rate of tailings generated in the other non-ferrous metal ore flotation process operation;

(2) classifying the flotation tailings to obtain overflow products and settled sand products;

(3) classifying the overflow product obtained in the step (2) again to obtain an overflow product and a settled sand product;

(4) merging the graded sand setting products in the steps (2) to (3), and performing flotation after size mixing and medicine adding;

(5) and obtaining a high-quality concentrate product through froth flotation.

2. The beneficiation method for improving the concentrate grade by protoplasm beneficiation according to claim 1, wherein the other non-ferrous metal ore flotation process in the step (1) mainly comprises a mixed flotation process.

3. The beneficiation method for improving the grade of the concentrate through primary pulp beneficiation according to the claim 1, wherein the grading process in the steps (2) - (3) mainly adopts equipment which is a hydrocyclone.

4. The beneficiation method for improving the grade of the concentrate through primary pulp beneficiation according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of an overflow product in the step (2) is-0.074 mm and accounts for 85-90 wt% (mass percentage).

5. The beneficiation method for improving the concentrate grade by primary pulp beneficiation according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of the overflow product of the step (3) is-0.074 mm and accounts for 100 wt%.

6. The ore dressing method for improving the concentrate grade through primary pulp ore dressing according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that hydrocyclone equipment with different specifications is adopted to grade mineral products with different grain sizes.

7. The beneficiation method for improving the grade of the concentrate through primary pulp beneficiation according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the pulp fed in the step (4) is 35-40 wt%.

8. The ore dressing method for improving the grade of the concentrate through protoplasm ore dressing according to claim 1, wherein the froth flotation process in the step (5) is a secondary roughing and secondary scavenging flow, scavenged froth products sequentially return and forward, and the secondary roughing products are combined into a final concentrate product.

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