CN114931029B

CN114931029B - Load monitoring based layered impurity control device for cleaning sieve and preventing blockage

Info

Publication number: CN114931029B
Application number: CN202210671578.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 游兆延; 高学梅; 吴惠昌; 何铁光; 武际; 曹明珠; 刘敏基; 颜建春; 张冲; 周金格
Original assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Current assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Priority date: 2022-06-15
Filing date: 2022-06-15
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-15
Also published as: CN114931029A

Abstract

The invention discloses a layered impurity control device for cleaning and blocking prevention based on load monitoring, which comprises a mounting seat and a screening device, wherein the screening device is provided with a support and a layered screening assembly; a load sensor is arranged between the mounting seat and the support; the device also comprises a blockage clearing device, wherein the blockage clearing device comprises a device base, a blockage clearing mechanism and a telescopic mechanism for driving the blockage clearing mechanism to do telescopic motion in the width direction of the screening device; the blockage clearing mechanism comprises a sieve clearing rod, and the head of the sieve clearing rod can reciprocate up and down. According to the layered impurity control device for cleaning and blocking based on load monitoring, the cleaning device is arranged, the cleaning device is monitored in a load monitoring mode, if blockage occurs, the telescopic mechanism is controlled to enable the blockage cleaning mechanism to extend out, the blockage cleaning mechanism is enabled to operate, the head of the cleaning rod reciprocates up and down to act on materials to remove the blockage, and after the blockage is completed, the telescopic mechanism enables the blockage cleaning mechanism to retract, so that the blockage cleaning mechanism is prevented from blocking the movement of the materials.

Description

Load monitoring based layered impurity control device for cleaning sieve and preventing blockage

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a layered impurity control device for cleaning and blocking prevention based on load monitoring.

Background

The harvester is needed to be used when crops are harvested, the existing harvester is generally provided with a cleaning device to clean materials and then put into a bin, and the subsequent cleaning process can be simplified. The existing cleaning device generally makes the material move backwards on the cleaning device through a vibration mode, and the crop grains are shaken off to clean the material in the process, so that the existing cleaning device has the following two technical problems:

(1) Because contain a large amount of straws, incomplete ear in the material, straw, incomplete ear produce the entanglement with the sifter easily and lead to the sifter to block up, and the one is difficult to discover after the jam appears, and the second comes to shut down the clearance, influences results efficiency. In the prior art, CN110249780a provides a method for monitoring the state parameters of the sifting airflow and the kernel conveying device to detect whether blockage occurs, but the blockage cleaning still needs to be completed manually; patent CN108811695A discloses a device for preventing screen surface blockage by changing the inclination angle of a screen plate through a cam and a roller push rod, patent CN113042367A discloses blockage clearing through a method for improving the vibration frequency of a cleaning screen, and the two documents both act on materials indirectly through the screen plate and cannot necessarily produce a good blockage clearing effect.

(2) The cleaning device in the prior art generally comprises one or two screen surfaces, such as a fourth screen body, a third screen body and the like for cleaning materials, and for green manure crops, the grains are smaller and lighter, the existing cleaning device is difficult to achieve a better cleaning effect, and the loss rate is high.

The following invention is made in view of the above-mentioned technical problem of the aspect (1) as a main technical problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a layered impurity control device which can effectively clear and block blocked materials and is used for clearing and blocking based on load monitoring.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the layered impurity control device for clearing and blocking resistance based on load monitoring comprises a mounting seat and a screening device, wherein the screening device is provided with a support and a layered screening assembly; a load sensor is arranged between the mounting seat and the support; the device also comprises a blockage removing device, wherein the blockage removing device comprises a device base body, a blockage removing mechanism and a telescopic mechanism for driving the blockage removing mechanism to do telescopic motion in the width direction of the screening device; the blockage cleaning mechanism comprises a screen cleaning rod, and the head of the screen cleaning rod can reciprocate up and down.

Furthermore, each blockage removing mechanism is connected with the device base through two telescopic mechanisms; the screen cleaning rod is respectively connected with the telescopic ends of the two telescopic mechanisms through a crank and a swing rod; the crank can rotate actively; the telescoping mechanism is adjustable in position relative to the device housing.

Furthermore, the device seat body comprises two channel steels, and a first strip-shaped groove and a second strip-shaped groove are respectively formed in a bottom plate and a side plate of each channel steel; the two telescopic mechanisms corresponding to the same blockage removing mechanism are respectively connected with the two channel steels; the telescopic mechanism is provided with a disc-shaped base, the disc-shaped base penetrates through the two second strip-shaped grooves in the two side plates, and a screw penetrating through the first strip-shaped groove enables the disc-shaped base to be fixed on the channel steel.

Further, the layered screening assembly comprises a vibration frame, and a corrugated plate group and a cleaning screen group which are arranged on the vibration frame;

the corrugated plate group comprises an upper corrugated plate and a lower corrugated plate which are arranged in front and at the back, and the rear end of the upper corrugated plate is higher than the front end of the lower corrugated plate; the cleaning screen group comprises a first screen body, a second screen body, a third screen body, a fourth screen body and a fifth screen body;

the first screen body and the second screen body respectively comprise a plurality of rods which are arranged in a left-right array and are bent into a wave shape; the third screen body comprises a plurality of screening strips which are arranged in a front-back array mode, the screening strips extend in the left-right direction, and arc-shaped grooves and arc-shaped protrusions are formed in the rear sides of the screening strips in a staggered mode; the fourth screen body comprises a plurality of screen bars with sharp teeth which are arranged in a left-right array; the fifth screen body is a pore plate;

the lower corrugated plate, the third screen body and the fourth screen body are sequentially connected in a front-back mode; the first sieve body and the second sieve body are respectively arranged on the upper side of the lower corrugated plate and the upper side of the front end of the third sieve body; the front end of the first screen body is connected with the rear end of the upper corrugated plate, and the rear end of the first screen body is higher than the front end of the second screen body; the fifth screen body is arranged on the lower side of the third screen body.

Further, the screen bars are mounted obliquely, the angle of which relative to the vibrating frame can be adjusted rotationally.

Further, the sieving mechanism is still including installing two baffles of going up the buckled plate upside, two form preceding wide back narrow material passageway between the baffle.

Furthermore, an obliquely-installed U-shaped guide rail is fixed on the support, a roller arranged in the U-shaped guide rail is rotatably installed on one side of the vibration frame, an eccentric wheel is connected to the other side of the vibration frame, and the eccentric wheel is driven by a driving shaft to rotate.

Has the beneficial effects that: according to the layered impurity control device for cleaning and blocking prevention based on load monitoring, the cleaning device is arranged, the cleaning device is monitored in a load monitoring mode, if blockage occurs, the telescopic mechanism is controlled to enable the blockage cleaning mechanism to extend out, the blockage cleaning mechanism is enabled to operate, the head of the cleaning rod reciprocates up and down to act on materials to remove the blockage, and after the blockage is cleaned, the telescopic mechanism enables the blockage cleaning mechanism to retract, so that the blockage cleaning mechanism is prevented from blocking the movement of the materials.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first view structural diagram of a layered impurity control device for cleaning and blocking prevention based on load monitoring;

FIG. 2 is a second view structural diagram of a layered impurity control device for cleaning and blocking prevention based on load monitoring;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the block clearing mechanism in an extended state;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the clearing mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the block clearing mechanism in an extended state;

FIG. 6 is a side view structural view of the block clearing mechanism in a retracted state;

FIG. 7 is a first state block diagram of a first screen in the preferred embodiment;

fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a second state of the first screen body in the preferred embodiment.

In the figure: 1-mounting a base; 2-a screening device; 21-a vibrating frame; 22-upper corrugated plate; 23-lower corrugated plate; 24-a first screen body; 241-wave rod; 25-a second screen body; 26-a third screen body; 261-screening bar; 27-a fourth screen body; 28-a fifth screen body; 29-a baffle; 210-a support; 220-U-shaped guide rails; 230-eccentric wheel; 240-a drive shaft; 250-a roller; 3-load sensor; 4-clearing the blockage; 41-clearing the blockage; 411-screen rods; 412-crank; 413-swing link; 42-a telescoping mechanism; 421-a disc-shaped base; 43-a device base; 431-channel steel; a-a first bar-shaped groove; b-a second strip-shaped groove; 44-screws.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The layered impurity control device for cleaning and blocking resistance based on load monitoring as shown in fig. 1-2 comprises a mounting seat 1 and a screening device 2, wherein the screening device 2 is provided with a support 210 and a layered screening assembly; a load sensor 3 is arranged between the mounting seat 1 and the support 210; the device also comprises a blockage clearing device 4, as shown in fig. 3-6, the blockage clearing device 4 comprises a device seat body 43, a blockage clearing mechanism 41 and a telescopic mechanism 42 which drives the blockage clearing mechanism 41 to do telescopic motion in the width direction of the screening device 2, and cleaned mixed materials move from front to back on the screening device 2; the blockage removing mechanism 41 comprises a screen removing rod 411, and the head of the screen removing rod 411 can move up and down in a reciprocating mode.

The head of the screen cleaning rod 411 may be provided with a brush and a rubber strip to clean the screening device 2. The layered impurity control device is used in a crop harvester, the load sensor 3 and the blockage clearing device 4 are both connected with a controller, during operation, the controller acquires weight data collected by the load sensor 3 in real time and judges whether the weight data exceeds a preset value, if yes, blockage is generated on the screening device 2, the controller controls the telescopic mechanism 42 to stretch out and controls the blockage clearing mechanism 41 to execute clearing action so as to clear blocked mixed materials, and after blockage clearing is completed, the telescopic mechanism enables the blockage clearing mechanism to be withdrawn (as shown in fig. 6), so that the blockage clearing mechanism is prevented from blocking the movement of the materials. During cleaning, the controller continuously acquires weight data until the weight is less than a preset value. When the feeding amount of the crop harvester where the layered impurity control device is located reaches the maximum and no material congestion occurs on the screening device 2, the typical value of the weight data collected by the load sensor 3 is used as a reference value, the typical value can be obtained by collecting the average number for multiple times and the like, and the reference value or the product of the reference value and a preset coefficient can be used as the preset value.

Preferably, each of the blockage removing mechanisms 41 is connected with the device base 43 through two telescopic mechanisms 42; the screen cleaning rod 411 is respectively connected with the telescopic ends of the two telescopic mechanisms 42 through a crank 412 and a swing rod 413; the crank 412 can be actively rotated; the telescoping mechanism 42 can be positionally adjusted relative to the device mount 43. In the structure, the swing rod 413 is connected with the middle part of the screen cleaning rod 411, and the crank 412 is connected with the tail end of the screen cleaning rod 411; the sieve cleaning rod 411, the crank 412 and the swing rod 413 form a crank and rocker mechanism, and when the crank 412 rotates, the sieve cleaning rod 411 can do pitching motion, so that the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the head of the sieve cleaning rod 411 is realized. By adjusting the position of the telescopic mechanism 42, the movement amplitude of the screen cleaning rod 411 can be changed, the blockage cleaning effect can be changed, and the adaptive blockage cleaning effect can be realized by adjusting the position of the telescopic mechanism 42 according to different harvested crops.

Preferably, the device base 43 includes two channel steels 431, and a bottom plate and a side plate of the channel steels 431 are respectively provided with a first strip-shaped groove a and a second strip-shaped groove b; the two telescopic mechanisms 42 corresponding to the same blockage clearing mechanism 41 are respectively connected with the two channel steel 431; the telescopic mechanism 42 has a disk-shaped base 421, the disk-shaped base 421 passes through the two second strip-shaped grooves b on the two side plates, and a screw 44 passing through the first strip-shaped groove a fixes the disk-shaped base 421 on the channel steel 431, specifically, a screw hole is provided on the disk-shaped base 421, and the screw 44 is screwed into the screw hole to fix the disk-shaped base 421. Through the structure, if the position of the telescopic mechanism 42 needs to be adjusted, the screw 44 is firstly loosened, then the position of the disc-shaped base 421 is moved, and after the position is adjusted, the screw 44 is locked. Through setting up second bar groove b on channel-section steel 431's curb plate to make disk base 421 inlay in second bar groove b, the curb plate has played the effect of resisting moment of rotation, can keep the steadiness of clear stifled mechanism 41 and telescopic machanism 42 installation, compare in through screw snap-on, in this scheme, screw 44 only need keep the position, need not bear moment of rotation, consequently difficult not hard up, good reliability.

Preferably, the layered screening assembly comprises a vibrating frame 21 and a corrugated plate group and a cleaning screen group which are arranged on the vibrating frame 21;

the corrugated plate group comprises an upper corrugated plate 22 and a lower corrugated plate 23 which are arranged in front and at back, the back end of the upper corrugated plate 22 is higher than the front end of the lower corrugated plate 23, and the upper corrugated plate 22 and the lower corrugated plate 23 are both corrugated plates; the cleaning screen group comprises a first screen body 24, a second screen body 25, a third screen body 26, a fourth screen body 27 and a fifth screen body 28;

the lower corrugated plate 23, the third screen body 26 and the fourth screen body 27 are sequentially connected in a front-to-back manner; the first sieve body 24 and the second sieve body 25 are respectively arranged on the upper side of the lower corrugated plate 23 and the upper side of the front end of the third sieve body 26; the front end of the first screen 24 is connected with the rear end of the upper corrugated plate 22, the first screen 24 tilts backwards, and the rear end of the first screen 24 is higher than the front end of the second screen 25; the fifth screen 28 is disposed on the lower side of the third screen 26.

Preferably, the first screen body 24 includes a plurality of wave bars 241 arranged in a linear array, and the wave bars 241 include a plurality of tooth-shaped bent portions, where the tooth-shaped bent portions include a front section extending rearward and upward and a rear section extending rearward and downward, and an inclination angle of the rear section is greater than an inclination angle of the front section. The structure of the second screen body 25 is the same as that of the first screen body 24, and the description thereof is omitted.

In order to enable the first screen body 24 to meet different requirements, as shown in fig. 7, the first screen body 24 further includes an adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly includes a first adjusting shaft 242, a second adjusting shaft 243, adjusting seats 244 and a lead screw 245, the number of the adjusting seats 244 is plural, all the adjusting seats 244 are installed on the first adjusting shaft 242 in a linear array, a spring 246 is arranged between adjacent adjusting seats 244, each adjusting seat 244 is rotatably installed with a lead screw 245 and slidably installed with two wavy rods 241, the lead screw 245 is sleeved on the second adjusting shaft 243, the second adjusting shaft 243 is a polygonal shaft, a polygonal hole is arranged in the middle of the lead screw 245, the lead screw 245 is a double-head lead screw, the rotation directions of the threads at two ends of the lead screw are opposite, and lead screw nuts matched with the two screw pairs of the lead screw 245 are respectively arranged on the two wavy rods 241 on the adjusting seat 244; the first screen body 24 further comprises a top bar 247 acting on the end adjustment seat 244 and a knob 248 connected to the second adjustment shaft 243. The first screen 24 is adjustable in two states: in the first state, as shown in fig. 7, the two wavy rods 241 on each adjusting seat 244 are in a close state, and at this time, the two wavy rods 241 are used as an effective sieve rod, the spacing between the sieve rods is large, and the spacing between the sieve rods can be adjusted within a large range by adjusting the position of the adjusting seat 244 at the end part through the top rod 247; in the second state, as shown in fig. 8, the two wave bars 241 on the adjusting seat 244 are separated by rotating the knob 248, and each wave bar 241 is used as an independent sieve bar with small spacing, and the spacing between the wave bars 241 can be adjusted within a small range by the cooperation of the top bar 247 and the knob 248. Through above-mentioned structure, the control range between the effective sieve pole is big, is applicable in the screening demand of difference.

Preferably, the third screen body 26 includes a plurality of screening strips 261 arranged in a front-back array, the screening strips 261 extend in the left-right direction, and arc-shaped grooves and arc-shaped protrusions are formed at the back sides of the screening strips 261 in a staggered manner; the screening strips 261 are obliquely installed, the angle of the screening strips relative to the vibration frame 21 can be adjusted in a rotating mode, the opening degree of the screening pieces can be adjusted within 35-45 m according to different green manure varieties, fruit pods and seed sizes, and the high-efficiency screening of green manure seeds can be guaranteed while the good material guiding capacity is achieved.

Preferably, the screening device 2 further comprises two baffles 29 arranged on the upper side of the upper corrugated plate 22, and a material channel with a wide front part and a narrow back part is formed between the two baffles 29. So, after the misce bene arrived the layered screening subassembly, assembled to the middle part of layered screening subassembly by baffle 29, along with the material is carried backward under the vibration of vibrating frame 21, the material can be gradually to both sides diffusion, so can reach better screening effect.

By adopting the structure of the screening device 2, after the mixed materials reach the layered screening component, pre-layering is carried out under the shaking action of the upper corrugated plate 22, so that fine crushed materials comprising green manure grains and fine crushed impurities are deposited downwards; after the mixed material reaches the rear end of the upper corrugated plate 22, the deposited fine crushed material falls onto the lower corrugated plate 23, and the straw materials such as long straws, residual ears and the like in the mixed material move along the first sieve body 24, so that the preliminary separation of the straw materials and the fine crushed material is realized; when the fine crushed materials move backwards continuously, the target materials such as green manure grains and the like in the fine crushed materials continuously deposit downwards on the lower corrugated plate 23, and the straw materials are continuously vibrated on the first sieve body 24, so that the residual fine crushed materials can also be continuously shaken off; thereafter, when the fine crushed material reaches the third screen 26 and advances along the third screen 26, a part of the fine crushed material falls onto the fifth screen 28 from the gap of the third screen 26 and is screened by the fifth screen 28 to obtain purer grain material, and other materials move backwards under the action of the arc-shaped bulge at the rear side of the third screen 26; the straw class material falls on second screen frame 25 behind the rear end of first screen frame 24 to move along second screen frame 25, fall again at last from second screen frame 25 rear end to third screen frame 26 on the effect of third screen frame 26 continues to advance, straw class material respectively falls once in the rear side of first screen frame 24 and second screen frame 25, make the straw class of gathering drop step by step, one section of straw class material drops when dropping, the distance between the straw class material is pulled open, the material in small, broken bits wherein can take advantage of the quick-witted sieve out, can effectively promote the rate of sieving of green manure seed grain. The fourth screen body 27 arranged at the tail part can move substances such as grains, long straws and broken straws which cannot be blown away by the fan back out of the machine step by step or in multiple steps. The fifth screen 28 can further separate the green manure grains from the mixture of grains, finely-divided straws and the like falling from the third screen 26, the fifth screen 28 is designed to be detachable, and the fifth screens 28 with different apertures are replaced according to the physical characteristics of different green manure seeds.

Therefore, the screening effect can be effectively improved through the configuration and the layout of the various screen bodies and the deposition plate.

Preferably, the support 210 is fixed with an obliquely installed U-shaped guide rail 220, one side of the vibration frame 21 is rotatably installed with a roller 250 disposed in the U-shaped guide rail 220, and the other side of the vibration frame 21 is connected with an eccentric 230, the eccentric 230 is driven by a driving shaft 240, and the driving shaft 240 is connected with a motive power member such as a motor.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A layered impurity control device for cleaning and blocking prevention based on load monitoring comprises a mounting seat (1) and a screening device (2), wherein the screening device (2) is provided with a support (210) and a layered screening assembly; a load sensor (3) is arranged between the mounting seat (1) and the support (210); the device is characterized by further comprising a blockage clearing device (4), wherein the blockage clearing device (4) comprises a device base body (43), a blockage clearing mechanism (41) and a telescopic mechanism (42) for driving the blockage clearing mechanism (41) to do telescopic motion in the width direction of the screening device (2); the blockage removing mechanism (41) comprises a screen removing rod (411), and the head of the screen removing rod (411) can move up and down in a reciprocating mode; the load sensor (3) and the blockage removing device (4) are both connected with the controller;

each blockage clearing mechanism (41) is connected with the device base body (43) through two telescopic mechanisms (42); the screen cleaning rod (411) is respectively connected with the telescopic ends of the two telescopic mechanisms (42) through a crank (412) and a swing rod (413); the crank (412) can be actively rotated; the telescoping mechanism (42) is adjustable in position relative to the device mount (43).

2. The layered impurity control device for clearing and blocking resistance based on load monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device seat body (43) comprises two channel steels (431), and a first strip-shaped groove (a) and a second strip-shaped groove (b) are respectively formed on a bottom plate and a side plate of each channel steel (431); the two telescopic mechanisms (42) corresponding to the same blockage clearing mechanism (41) are respectively connected with the two channel steels (431); the telescopic mechanism (42) is provided with a disc-shaped base (421), the disc-shaped base (421) penetrates through the two second strip-shaped grooves (b) on the two side plates, and a screw (44) penetrating through the first strip-shaped groove (a) enables the disc-shaped base (421) to be fixed on the channel steel (431).

3. The layered impurity control device for cleaning and blocking resistance based on load monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the layered screening assembly comprises a vibrating frame (21) and a corrugated plate group and a cleaning screen group which are arranged on the vibrating frame (21);

the corrugated plate group comprises an upper corrugated plate (22) and a lower corrugated plate (23) which are arranged in front and back, and the rear end of the upper corrugated plate (22) is higher than the front end of the lower corrugated plate (23); the cleaning screen group comprises a first screen body (24), a second screen body (25), a third screen body (26), a fourth screen body (27) and a fifth screen body (28);

the first screen body (24) and the second screen body (25) respectively comprise a plurality of rods which are arranged in a left-right array and are bent into a wave shape; the third screen body (26) comprises a plurality of screening strips (261) which are arrayed in a front-back manner, the screening strips (261) extend along the left-right direction, and arc-shaped grooves and arc-shaped protrusions are formed on the rear sides of the screening strips in a staggered manner; the fourth screen body (27) comprises a plurality of screen bars with sharp teeth which are arranged in a left-right array; the fifth screen body (28) is a pore plate;

the lower corrugated plate (23), the third screen body (26) and the fourth screen body (27) are sequentially connected in a front-to-back manner; the first sieve body (24) and the second sieve body (25) are respectively arranged on the upper side of the lower corrugated plate (23) and the upper side of the front end of the third sieve body (26); the front end of the first screen body (24) is connected with the rear end of the upper corrugated plate (22), and the rear end of the first screen body (24) is higher than the front end of the second screen body (25); the fifth screen body (28) is disposed at a lower side of the third screen body (26).

4. The layered impurity control device for clearing and blocking resistance based on load monitoring as claimed in claim 3, wherein the screening bar (261) is installed obliquely, and the angle of the screening bar relative to the vibration frame (21) can be adjusted by rotation.

5. The layered impurity control device for clearing and blocking resistance based on load monitoring as claimed in claim 3, wherein the screening device (2) further comprises two baffles (29) arranged on the upper side of the upper corrugated plate (22), and a material channel with a wide front part and a narrow back part is formed between the two baffles (29).

6. The layered impurity control device for clearing and blocking resistance based on load monitoring as claimed in claim 3, wherein the support (210) is fixed with an obliquely installed U-shaped guide rail (220), one side of the vibration frame (21) is rotatably installed with a roller arranged in the U-shaped guide rail (220), and the other side of the vibration frame (21) is connected with an eccentric wheel (230), and the eccentric wheel (230) is driven by a driving shaft (240) to run.