CN114907166A - Efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of biological agriculture. The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of crop straw, 30-60 parts of soybean meal, 20-60 parts of fermented bacterial manure, 5-15 parts of nano cellulose, 1-5 parts of urea, 3-7 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 1-5 parts of glucose, 1-4 parts of sucrose and 0.5-3 parts of medium trace elements. The organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention is rich in various nutrient substances, and meets the growth requirements of most vegetables. Not only can the rooting of the vegetables be promoted, but also the Vc and soluble protein content of the vegetables can be improved, and the purpose of improving the quality of the vegetables is effectively achieved; the soil enzyme activity can be improved, the microbial quantity is increased, the negative influence on soil caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers is avoided, and various raw materials are safe, environment-friendly and free of peculiar smell, so that the ecological fertilizer is an environment-friendly ecological fertilizer and is worthy of popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological agriculture, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Vegetables are indispensable food in daily life of people, and are main sources of substances such as vitamins and carbohydrates. China is the biggest vegetable producing country and consuming country in the world, and organic vegetables have high economic benefit and high nutritive value, and huge social benefit and economic benefit are still contained behind the organic vegetables. The fertilizer is one of important factors for ensuring the quality and the yield of crops, the yield increasing effect of the applied fertilizer is particularly obvious, but a series of soil problems are caused by excessive application of the fertilizer, so that the problem of reducing the using amount of the fertilizer is to be solved urgently at present. At present, the policies of reducing the amount of fertilizers and increasing the efficiency of fertilizers, replacing fertilizers with organic fertilizers and the like which are implemented by China are effective means for solving the problems.
The organic fertilizer has comprehensive nutrients, lasting fertilizer effect and rich resources. Research shows that the application of the organic fertilizer can improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, improve the environment, increase the soil fertility and slow down soil acidification to a certain extent. However, the organic fertilizer contains a certain amount of salt, and a large amount of salt applied for a long time can cause accumulation of partial acidic ions in soil; meanwhile, the organic fertilizer has the characteristics of long and slow fertilizer efficiency, the soil environment difference of each region is large, and the fertilizer requirement rules of different crops are different, so that the specific dosage of the organic fertilizer has no fixed requirement. The existing commercial organic fertilizer has slow fertilizer efficiency, can not meet the demand of seasonal vegetable production, has heavy peculiar smell and poor environmental friendliness, so that the existing commercial organic fertilizer is difficult to completely or massively replace chemical fertilizers to apply in the actual production of vegetables.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of organic fertilizers in the prior art, the invention provides the biological organic fertilizer suitable for vegetables, solves the problems of poor fertilizer effect, single function and poor activity of the traditional organic fertilizer, improves the yield and quality of the vegetables, improves the biological activity of soil, reduces the use of chemical fertilizers to the maximum extent, and promotes the sustainable development of agriculture.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of crop straw, 30-60 parts of soybean meal, 20-60 parts of fermented bacterial manure, 5-15 parts of nano cellulose, 1-5 parts of urea, 3-7 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 1-5 parts of glucose, 1-4 parts of sucrose and 0.5-3 parts of medium trace elements.
Furthermore, the crop straws are corn straws, wheat straws or sorghum straws, and are crushed for use.
Further, the preparation method of the zymocyte fertilizer comprises the following steps: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 20-30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microbial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.3-0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 1-3 days; adding chitosan 0.05-0.15% of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid 0.1-0.3% of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer.
Further, the compound microbial agent is a macropore bacterium with the preservation number of CGMCC5.932 and the preservation number of
Aspergillus niger of CCTCC CF 2008691; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating the macroporus esculenta and the aspergillus niger to an LB culture medium, carrying out shake culture at 25-30 ℃ until the bacterial concentration is OD600 approximately equal to 2.0, and then mixing according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the microbial inoculum.
The macroporosity strain is a commercial strain purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center with the collection number of CGMCC5.932 and the collection date of 2005, 8 months and 8 days. The preservation number of the aspergillus niger is CCTCC CF2008691, the aspergillus niger is purchased from China center for type culture collection, the preservation address is Wuhan university, and the preservation date is No. 4/10 in 2004.
Furthermore, the weight ratio of Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Fe and Mn contained in the medium trace elements is 5-10:1-3:0.6-1:0.8-1:0.05-0.1: 0.06-0.1.
Further, the preparation method of the nano-cellulose comprises the following steps: adding 5-10g of cellulose nanocrystalline into 50ml of 5-10% chitosan solution, adding 1-5g of gelatin, 0.5-1g of graphene oxide and 5-10g of ascorbic acid, stirring and reacting for 30min by a 2000r/min magnetic stirrer, standing the suspension, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose.
A preparation method of a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermented bacterial fertilizer: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, treating with high temperature steam for 20-30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding composite microbial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.3-0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 1-3 days; adding chitosan 0.05-0.15% of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid 0.1-0.3% of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer;
(2) sequentially adding fermentation bacterial manure, nano cellulose, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements, crop straws and soybean meal according to the weight parts, stirring and mixing, naturally drying until the water content is less than 10%, and crushing into particles to obtain the final product organic fertilizer.
Each of the raw materials of the present invention is commercially available.
The efficient biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is uniformly mixed with soil and applied according to the mass ratio of 0.3-0.5%; or the use amount is 100-200kg/666.7m during field cultivation 2 。
The edible fungus waste contains rich mycoprotein, various metabolites and nutrient substances which are not fully utilized, has high organic matter content and is a better compost raw material. The bacterial dreg fertilizer formed by composting has more available nutrients and better yield-increasing effect than the fertilizer retted by other organic matters.
Therefore, the fungus residues are used as main raw materials, the giant pore fungus and the aspergillus niger are adopted for mixed fermentation, the aspergillus niger can efficiently decompose nutrient substances in the fungus residues, organic acids such as citric acid and sugars can be generated in the fermentation process, and the substances can be used as signals of nutrient transportation of vegetables to promote the absorption of the vegetables on nutrient nutrients in the organic fertilizer; the macropore bacillus megaterium has the capability of producing IAA, protease, cellulase and the like, promotes the fermentation of Aspergillus niger, has the growth promoting effect, improves the quality of plants and strengthens the disease resistance; the two are mutually synergistic to realize the high-efficiency fermentation of the mushroom dregs so as to finally realize the improvement of the quality and the yield of the vegetables.
Meanwhile, in order to ensure the fertilizer efficiency, the invention also adds a small amount of urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements and other components to supplement enough nutrient substances for the rapid growth of vegetables and promote the growth.
In order to prolong the fertilizer efficiency, the nano-cellulose is added and is subjected to composite modification to form a highly dispersed interpenetrating network structure, so that on one hand, the nano-cellulose can adsorb and fix a microbial agent, protect the microorganisms to continuously play a role and improve the quality of crops; secondly, the biological activity level of the soil can be improved, beneficial bacteria can be protected, and the soil can be activated; finally, the cross structure of the interpenetrating networks can realize the slow release of nutrient substances, prolong the fertilizer efficiency, integrally prolong the service life of the organic fertilizer and reduce the application of chemical fertilizers.
Advantageous effects
1. The biological organic fertilizer is rich in various nutrient substances and meets the growth requirements of most vegetables. The rooting of the vegetables can be promoted, the biomass of the vegetables can be improved, the Vc and soluble protein content of the vegetables can be improved, and the purpose of improving the quality of the vegetables can be effectively achieved;
2. the bio-organic fertilizer can improve the activity of soil enzymes, increase the number of microorganisms, improve the biological activity of soil, avoid the negative influence on the soil caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers, is safe, environment-friendly, odorless and environment-friendly, is an environment-friendly ecological fertilizer, and is worthy of popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of the inside of fertilizer granules obtained in example 4 of the present invention and in comparative examples 1 to 3, wherein A is example 4; b is comparative example 1; c is comparative example 2; d is comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of crop straws, 30 parts of bean pulp, 20 parts of zymophyte, 5 parts of nano-cellulose, 1 part of urea, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part of monoammonium phosphate, 1 part of glucose, 1 part of sucrose and 0.5 part of medium trace elements.
The crop straw is corn straw and is used after being crushed.
The preparation method of the fermentation bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 20min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue according to the proportion of 0.3g/mL, stirring well, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 1 day; and adding chitosan accounting for 0.05 percent of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.1 percent of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer.
The compound microbial agent consists of a giant keyhole limpet with the preservation number of CGMCC5.932 and aspergillus niger with the preservation number of CCTCC CF 2008691; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating the macroporus esculenta and the aspergillus niger to an LB culture medium, carrying out shake culture at 25-30 ℃ until the bacterial concentration is OD600 approximately equal to 2.0, and then mixing according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the microbial inoculum.
The macroporosity is a commercial strain purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center with the collection number of CGMCC5.932 and the collection date of 2005, 8 months and 8 days. The Aspergillus niger has a preservation number of CCTCC CF2008691, is purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and has a preservation address of Wuhan university, China, and a preservation date of No. 4/10 in 2004.
The weight ratio of Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Fe and Mn contained in the medium trace elements is 5:1:0.6:0.8:0.05: 0.06.
The preparation method of the nano-cellulose comprises the following steps: adding 5g of cellulose nanocrystal into 50ml of 5% chitosan solution, adding 1g of gelatin, 0.5g of graphene oxide and 5g of ascorbic acid, stirring and reacting for 30min by using a 2000r/min magnetic stirrer, standing the suspension, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose.
The cellulose nanocrystals (diameter of 5-20nm, length of 200-.
A preparation method of a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermented bacterial fertilizer: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 20min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue according to a ratio of 0.3g/mL, stirring well, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 1 day; adding chitosan accounting for 0.05 percent of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.1 percent of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain a fermentation bacterial fertilizer;
(2) sequentially adding fermentation bacterial manure, nano cellulose, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements, crop straws and soybean meal according to the weight parts, stirring and mixing, naturally drying until the water content is less than 10%, and crushing into particles to obtain the final product organic fertilizer.
Example 2
The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of crop straws, 40 parts of bean pulp, 30 parts of zymocyte fertilizer, 8 parts of nano-cellulose, 2 parts of urea, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 3 parts of glucose, 2 parts of cane sugar and 1 part of medium trace elements.
The crop straw is wheat straw and is used after being crushed.
The preparation method of the fermentation bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 20min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue according to a ratio of 0.4g/mL, stirring well, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 2 days; and adding chitosan accounting for 0.1 percent of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.2 percent of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer.
The compound microbial agent consists of a giant keyhole limpet with the preservation number of CGMCC5.932 and aspergillus niger with the preservation number of CCTCC CF 2008691; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating the macroporus esculenta and the aspergillus niger to an LB culture medium, carrying out shake culture at 25-30 ℃ until the bacterial concentration is OD600 approximately equal to 2.0, and then mixing according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the microbial inoculum.
The macroporosity is a commercial strain purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center with the collection number of CGMCC5.932 and the collection date of 2005, 8 months and 8 days. The Aspergillus niger has a preservation number of CCTCC CF2008691, is purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and has a preservation address of Wuhan university, China, and a preservation date of No. 4/10 in 2004.
The weight ratio of Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Fe and Mn contained in the medium trace elements is 5:1:0.6:0.8:0.05: 0.06.
The preparation method of the nano-cellulose comprises the following steps: adding 7g of cellulose nanocrystal into 50ml of chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 7%, adding 2g of gelatin, 0.7g of graphene oxide and 6g of ascorbic acid, stirring and reacting for 30min by using a 2000r/min magnetic stirrer, standing the suspension, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose.
The cellulose nanocrystals (diameter of 5-20nm, length of 200-.
A preparation method of a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermented bacterial fertilizer: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 20min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue according to a ratio of 0.4g/mL, stirring well, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 2 days; adding chitosan accounting for 0.1 percent of the mass of the fermented product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.2 percent of the mass of the fermented product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermented bacterial fertilizer;
(2) sequentially adding fermentation bacterial manure, nano cellulose, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements, crop straws and soybean meal according to the weight parts, stirring and mixing, naturally drying until the water content is less than 10%, and crushing into particles to obtain the final product organic fertilizer.
Example 3
The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of crop straws, 50 parts of bean pulp, 40 parts of zymocyte fertilizer, 11 parts of nano-cellulose, 3 parts of urea, 5 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2 parts of glucose, 3 parts of cane sugar and 2 parts of medium trace elements.
The crop straw is sorghum straw and is used after being crushed.
The preparation method of the fermentation bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue according to a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring well, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 1-3 days; and adding chitosan accounting for 0.15 percent of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3 percent of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer.
The compound microbial agent consists of a giant keyhole limpet with the preservation number of CGMCC5.932 and aspergillus niger with the preservation number of CCTCC CF 2008691; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating the macroporus esculenta and the aspergillus niger to an LB culture medium, carrying out shake culture at 25-30 ℃ until the bacterial concentration is OD600 approximately equal to 2.0, and then mixing according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the microbial inoculum.
The macroporosity is a commercial strain purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center with the collection number of CGMCC5.932 and the collection date of 2005, 8 months and 8 days. The Aspergillus niger has a preservation number of CCTCC CF2008691, is purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and has a preservation address of Wuhan university, China, and a preservation date of No. 4/10 in 2004.
The weight ratio of Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Fe and Mn contained in the medium trace elements is 10:3:1:1:0.1: 0.1.
The preparation method of the nano-cellulose comprises the following steps: adding 10g of cellulose nanocrystal into 50ml of 10% chitosan solution, adding 5g of gelatin, 1g of graphene oxide and 10g of ascorbic acid, stirring and reacting for 30min by using a 2000r/min magnetic stirrer, standing the suspension, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose.
The cellulose nanocrystals (diameter of 5-20nm, length of 200-300nm) were purchased from Shanghai flash nanomaterial Co., Ltd.
A preparation method of a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermented bacterial fertilizer: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 3 days; adding chitosan accounting for 0.15% of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3% of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain a fermentation bacterial fertilizer;
(2) sequentially adding fermentation bacterial manure, nano cellulose, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements, crop straws and soybean meal according to the weight parts, stirring and mixing, naturally drying until the water content is less than 10%, and crushing into particles to obtain the final product organic fertilizer.
Example 4
The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of crop straws, 60 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of fermented bacterial manure, 15 parts of nano-cellulose, 5 parts of urea, 7 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts of glucose, 4 parts of sucrose and 3 parts of medium trace elements.
The crop straw is corn straw and is used after being crushed.
The preparation method of the fermentation bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 3 days; and adding chitosan accounting for 0.15 percent of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3 percent of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer.
The compound microbial agent consists of a giant keyhole limpet with the preservation number of CGMCC5.932 and aspergillus niger with the preservation number of CCTCC CF 2008691; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating the macroporus esculenta and the aspergillus niger to an LB culture medium, carrying out shake culture at 25-30 ℃ until the bacterial concentration is OD600 approximately equal to 2.0, and then mixing according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the microbial inoculum.
The macroporosity is a commercial strain purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center with the collection number of CGMCC5.932 and the collection date of 2005, 8 months and 8 days. The Aspergillus niger has a preservation number of CCTCC CF2008691, is purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and has a preservation address of Wuhan university, China, and a preservation date of No. 4/10 in 2004.
The weight ratio of Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Fe and Mn contained in the medium trace elements is 10:3:1:1:0.1: 0.1.
The preparation method of the nano-cellulose comprises the following steps: adding 10g of cellulose nanocrystal into 50ml of 10% chitosan solution, adding 5g of gelatin, 1g of graphene oxide and 10g of ascorbic acid, stirring and reacting for 30min by using a 2000r/min magnetic stirrer, standing the suspension, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose.
The cellulose nanocrystals (diameter of 5-20nm, length of 200-.
A preparation method of a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermented bacterial fertilizer: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 3 days; adding chitosan accounting for 0.15% of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3% of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain a fermentation bacterial fertilizer;
(2) sequentially adding fermentation bacterial manure, nano cellulose, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements, crop straws and soybean meal according to the weight parts, stirring and mixing, naturally drying until the water content is less than 10%, and crushing into particles to obtain the final product organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of crop straws, 60 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of fermented bacterial manure, 15 parts of nano-cellulose, 5 parts of urea, 7 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts of glucose, 4 parts of sucrose and 3 parts of medium trace elements.
The crop straw is corn straw and is used after being crushed.
The preparation method of the fermentation bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding microbial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 3 days; and adding chitosan accounting for 0.15 percent of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3 percent of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer.
The microbial agent is a macropore bacterium with the preservation number of CGMCC 5.932; the preparation method comprises the following steps: inoculating the macroporosity thrombus into an LB culture medium, and carrying out shaking culture at 25-30 ℃ until the bacterium concentration is OD600 approximately equal to 2.0, thus obtaining the product.
The macroporosity is a commercial strain purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center with the collection number of CGMCC5.932 and the collection date of 2005, 8 months and 8 days. The weight ratio of Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Fe and Mn contained in the medium trace elements is 10:3:1:1:0.1: 0.1.
The preparation method of the nano-cellulose comprises the following steps: adding 10g of cellulose nanocrystal into 50ml of 10% chitosan solution, adding 5g of gelatin, 1g of graphene oxide and 10g of ascorbic acid, stirring and reacting for 30min by using a 2000r/min magnetic stirrer, standing the suspension, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose.
A preparation method of a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermented bacterial fertilizer: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding microbial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 3 days; adding chitosan accounting for 0.15% of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3% of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain a fermentation bacterial fertilizer;
(2) sequentially adding fermentation bacterial manure, nano cellulose, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements, crop straws and soybean meal according to the weight parts, stirring and mixing, naturally drying until the water content is less than 10%, and crushing into particles to obtain the final product organic fertilizer.
The comparative example is the same as example 4 except that only the fermentation residue of trametes giganteus was used, and the other raw materials and preparation method were the same.
Comparative example 2
The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of crop straws, 60 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of fermented bacterial manure, 15 parts of nano-cellulose, 5 parts of urea, 7 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts of glucose, 4 parts of sucrose and 3 parts of medium trace elements.
The crop straw is corn straw and is used after being crushed.
The preparation method of the fermentation bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding microbial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 3 days; and adding chitosan accounting for 0.15 percent of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3 percent of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer.
The microbial agent is aspergillus niger with the preservation number of CCTCC CF 2008691; the preparation method comprises the following steps: inoculating Aspergillus niger into LB culture medium, shaking culturing at 25-30 deg.C until the bacterial concentration is OD600 ≈ 2.0, and mixing at a volume ratio of 1: 1.
The Aspergillus niger has a preservation number of CCTCC CF2008691, is purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and has a preservation address of Wuhan university, China, and a preservation date of No. 4/10 in 2004.
The weight ratio of Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Fe and Mn contained in the medium trace elements is 10:3:1:1:0.1: 0.1.
The preparation method of the nano-cellulose comprises the following steps: adding 10g of cellulose nanocrystal into 50ml of 10% chitosan solution, adding 5g of gelatin, 1g of graphene oxide and 10g of ascorbic acid, stirring and reacting for 30min by using a 2000r/min magnetic stirrer, standing the suspension, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose.
A preparation method of a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermented bacterial fertilizer: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding microbial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 3 days; adding chitosan accounting for 0.15% of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3% of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain a fermentation bacterial fertilizer;
(2) sequentially adding fermentation bacterial manure, nano cellulose, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements, crop straws and soybean meal according to the weight parts, stirring and mixing, naturally drying until the water content is less than 10%, and crushing into particles to obtain the final product organic fertilizer.
The comparative example was conducted in the same manner as example 4 except that only the fermented residue of Aspergillus niger was used.
Comparative example 3
The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of crop straws, 60 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of fermented bacterial manure, 15 parts of nano-cellulose, 5 parts of urea, 7 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts of glucose, 4 parts of sucrose and 3 parts of medium trace elements.
The crop straw is corn straw and is used after being crushed.
The preparation method of the fermentation bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 3 days; and adding chitosan accounting for 0.15 percent of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3 percent of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer.
The compound microbial agent consists of a giant keyhole limpet with the preservation number of CGMCC5.932 and aspergillus niger with the preservation number of CCTCC CF 2008691; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating the macroporus esculenta and the aspergillus niger to an LB culture medium, carrying out shake culture at 25-30 ℃ until the bacterial concentration is OD600 approximately equal to 2.0, and then mixing according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the microbial inoculum.
The macroporosity is a commercial strain purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center with the collection number of CGMCC5.932 and the collection date of 2005, 8 months and 8 days. The preservation number of the aspergillus niger is CCTCC CF2008691, the aspergillus niger is purchased from China center for type culture collection, the preservation address is Wuhan university, and the preservation date is No. 4/10 in 2004.
The weight ratio of Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Fe and Mn contained in the medium trace elements is 10:3:1:1:0.1: 0.1.
The nano-cellulose is a cellulose nanocrystal and a commercialized product, and is not modified at all. The comparative example, cellulose nanocrystals (diameter of 5-20nm, length of 200-.
A preparation method of a high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer for vegetable planting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermented bacterial fertilizer: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microorganism bacterial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 3 days; adding chitosan accounting for 0.15% of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid accounting for 0.3% of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain a fermentation bacterial fertilizer;
(2) sequentially adding fermentation bacterial manure, nano cellulose, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements, crop straws and soybean meal according to the weight parts, stirring and mixing, naturally drying until the water content is less than 10%, and crushing into particles to obtain the final product organic fertilizer.
Performance test
Adopting a greenhouse, wherein the area of each test unit is 200m 2 The sowing density of vegetables in each shed is the same and is 100kg/667m 2 The fertilizers obtained in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 were applied, and all of the fertilizers were applied as base fertilizers.
The test crops comprise tomato, garlic, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, cucumber, hot pepper and white radish. And (4) counting the yield and the number of diseased plants of different vegetables in the harvest period (the diseased plants include all diseased plants and are not classified into disease types).
The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 planting test results
Selecting Chinese cabbage as the index for measuring the yield and the quality:
during harvesting, randomly selecting 5 plants from each cell to perform quality determination on the Chinese cabbages, determining the content of soluble sugar by adopting an anthrone colorimetric method, determining the content of crude protein by adopting a trace Kjeldahl method, determining the content of vitamin C by adopting a 2, 6-dichloroindophenol titration method, determining the content of nitrate by adopting a salicylic acid nitration colorimetric method, and determining the content of crude fiber by adopting a sulfuric acid-anthrone method.
TABLE 2 Chinese cabbage quality determination
Determination of soil enzyme activity and number of culturable microorganisms:
in the heading and compacting period, a W multipoint method (selecting 9 sampling points) is adopted in each cell, and 0-20 cm plough layer soil is collected around the root system of the Chinese cabbage to carry out relevant index analysis. The collected soil sample is fully and uniformly mixed and divided into 2 parts, and one part is naturally air-dried at a ventilated part and is used for measuring the activity of the soil enzyme and organic matters; the other was stored refrigerated in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ and the determination of culturable microorganisms in the soil was carried out as soon as possible. The soil urease activity is measured by a phenol-sodium hypochlorite colorimetric method, and the organic matter is measured by a potassium dichromate method. The method comprises the following steps of (1) separating bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in soil by adopting a dilution coating plate method, counting bacterial colonies by utilizing a plate bacterial colony counting method, and performing classified culture on the bacteria by using a beef extract protein vein agar culture medium; culturing fungus with Martin's culture medium; actinomycetes were cultured in the culture medium of Gao's 1.
Table 3 soil test results
As can be seen from the data in the table, the organic fertilizer obtained in the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention greatly improves the urease activity and the biological diversity of the soil, because the fermentation mushroom dregs and the nano-cellulose are added, the fermentation mushroom dregs can increase the organic matter content of the soil on one hand, and can increase the enzyme activity of the soil on the other hand. And the addition of the nano-cellulose improves the soil structure, provides a good growth and reproduction habitat for soil fungi, effectively adsorbs microorganisms such as soil fungi and provides a carrier for the microorganisms. It can also be seen from the electron microscope images of the fertilizer particles in the examples that the complex interpenetrating network structure of the fertilizer particles can provide effective protection for the microorganisms in the soil, so that the microbial diversity of the soil is increased, and the ecological balance of the soil is maintained.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only some of the preferred modes for implementing the invention, and not all of them. Obviously, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of crop straw, 30-60 parts of soybean meal, 20-60 parts of fermented bacterial manure, 5-15 parts of nano cellulose, 1-5 parts of urea, 3-7 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-5 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 1-5 parts of glucose, 1-4 parts of sucrose and 0.5-3 parts of medium trace elements.
2. The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting according to claim 1, wherein the crop straws are corn straws, wheat straws or sorghum straws, and are crushed for use.
3. The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the fermented bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 20-30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microbial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.3-0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 1-3 days; adding chitosan 0.05-0.15% of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid 0.1-0.3% of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer.
4. The high-efficiency bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting according to claim 3, wherein the compound microbial agent comprises trametes gigantea with the preservation number of CGMCC5.932 and Aspergillus niger with the preservation number of CCTCC CF 2008691; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating the macroporus esculenta and the aspergillus niger to an LB culture medium, carrying out shake culture at 25-30 ℃ until the bacterial concentration is OD600 approximately equal to 2.0, and then mixing according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the microbial inoculum.
5. The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Fe and Mn contained in the medium trace elements is 5-10:1-3:0.6-1:0.8-1:0.05-0.1: 0.06-0.1.
6. The efficient bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the nanocellulose comprises the following steps: adding 5-10g of cellulose nanocrystals into 50ml of 5-10% chitosan solution by mass, adding 1-5g of gelatin, 0.5-1g of graphene oxide and 5-10g of ascorbic acid, stirring and reacting for 30min by a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 2000r/min, standing the suspension, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the nano-cellulose.
7. A preparation method of the high-efficiency bio-organic fertilizer for vegetable planting according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermented bacterial fertilizer: placing the fungus residue in a fermentation container, performing high temperature steam treatment for 20-30min, adjusting water content to 40-50%, adding compound microbial agent into the fungus residue at a ratio of 0.3-0.5g/mL, stirring, and fermenting at 20-30 deg.C for 1-3 days; adding chitosan 0.05-0.15% of the mass of the fermentation product and polyaspartic acid 0.1-0.3% of the mass of the fermentation product after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the fermentation bacterial fertilizer;
(2) sequentially adding fermentation bacterial manure, nano cellulose, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, glucose, sucrose, medium trace elements, crop straws and soybean meal according to the weight parts, stirring and mixing, naturally drying until the water content is less than 10%, and crushing into particles to obtain the final product organic fertilizer.
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| CN116751689A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-09-15 | 四川农业大学 | Shallow sacculus trametes SICAU-T41 and application thereof |
| CN116751689B (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2024-03-12 | 四川农业大学 | Shallow sacculus trametes SICAU-T41 and application thereof |
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