CN114793582A - Fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacle and application thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacle and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 244000130270 Fagopyrum tataricum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 235000014693 Fagopyrum tataricum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005947 Dimethoate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorvos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC=C(Cl)Cl OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950001327 dichlorvos Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001952 metrifonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JYQUHIFYBATCCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinalphos Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(OP(=S)(OCC)OCC)=CN=C21 JYQUHIFYBATCCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 potassium sulfate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 240000008620 Fagopyrum esculentum Species 0.000 description 13
- 235000009419 Fagopyrum esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000219050 Polygonaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical group [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacle and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: selecting land, finely preparing land, using amount and period of fertilizer, selecting seeds, soaking the seeds, sowing, managing the field, harvesting and the like. The selected field is the field with 4 or more batches of the tartary buckwheat which is continuously planted by the method, the plant height is improved by 0.75 time, the grain weight is improved by 0.24 time, and the yield is improved by 4.26 times. The fertilizer management method for relieving the continuous cropping obstacle of the tartary buckwheat can effectively relieve the continuous cropping obstacle of the tartary buckwheat, and has a very wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop continuous cropping, in particular to a fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles and application thereof.
Background
Fagopyrum esculentum (Fagopyrum esculentum) belongs to Polygonaceae (Polygonaceae) and Fagopyrum genus (Fagopyrum Mill), and Fagopyrum tataricum (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and Fagopyrum tataricum (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn) are mainly used. The countries in which buckwheat is widely cultivated include Russia, China, Ukrainian, France, Hasakstein, Poland, etc. (reference 1: Zhang et al, 2020). The tartary buckwheat grains are rich in flavonoids, dietary fibers and the like, have obvious 'three-lowering' functions, and have unique health care values of inhibiting diabetes, strong antioxidation, inflammation resistance, tumor resistance and the like (document 2: Ge and Wang, 2020), are special grain crops with both medicine and food, are harmless Chinese medicinal materials for grain digestion, and occupy an important position in the process of main grain digestion of coarse cereals.
With the recent acceleration of the modernization process, the effective cultivated land area is continuously reduced, and a plurality of crops have serious continuous cropping obstacles in production (document 3: Wangyu et al, 2018). In recent years, researchers at home and abroad study the problems of physicochemical properties, nutrient content, microbial community structure, enzyme activity, secretion and accumulation of autotoxic substances, agronomic properties and physiological and biochemical properties of overground plants of rhizosphere soil after continuous cropping of woods, large-volume food crops, pastures and the like, and consider that the deterioration of physicochemical properties of soil, unbalance of the proportion of soil nutrient elements, accumulation of autotoxic substances of plants, damage to microecological balance of rhizosphere soil and the like are main reasons for continuous cropping obstacles of crops, and the continuous cropping obstacles are the result of comprehensive effects of various factors in microenvironment of the crops and the rhizosphere soil (document 4: sunxuetin and the like 2015). Compared with main grain crops such as wheat, corn, rice and the like, the buckwheat has less fertilizer requirement in the growth process and is more sensitive to continuous cropping. Buckwheat belongs to small coarse cereal crops, and although continuous cropping is forbidden in a cultivation mode, the continuous cropping of buckwheat in production is normalized because of the limitation of natural conditions, the traditional farmer planting and local market demands and other factors, and the continuous cropping of buckwheat is not paid enough attention by people (document 5: Gaoyang, et al, 2016).
At present, an effective regulation and control method for buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles is lacked at home and abroad. Therefore, an effective fertilizer management method for relieving the continuous cropping obstacle of tartary buckwheat is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles and application thereof, which solve the problem of tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles and effectively improve the yield of tartary buckwheat continuous cropping.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fertilizer management method for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles of tartary buckwheat, which comprises: selecting land, finely preparing land, fertilizing, selecting seeds, soaking seeds, sowing, managing in the field and harvesting;
wherein, the land selection is that the continuous cropping tartary buckwheat is more than 4 crops; the fertilizer application is that 325-375 kg/hm of compound fertilizer is applied before sowing 2 As a base fertilizer, 325-375 kg/hm of fertilizer is applied in the grouting period 2 As a top application; what is needed isThe compound fertilizer is a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer; the water management in the field management is that the water management is carried out according to the principle of thorough drying and thorough pouring in the grouting period, and the natural rainfall is relied on in the rest periods; the harvesting is started when the maturity rate of the tartary buckwheat seeds in the field is more than or equal to 70%.
Preferably, the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer comprises the following components: n, P 2 O 5 And K 2 O。
Preferably, the total nutrient of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is more than or equal to 45 percent.
Preferably N, P in the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer 2 O 5 And K 2 The mass ratio of O is (13-16): (14-19): (14-17).
Preferably, the seed selection is to select plump and tidy seeds and sun-dry the seeds for 1-2 days in advance; the seed soaking is in a seeding period, seeds are washed for 2-3 times by using clear water at 23-30 ℃, the seed soaking time is 70-90 min, the seed soaking water amount is 2-3 times larger than that of the seeds, water is changed for 1-2 times in the seed soaking process, the seeds are gently rubbed and washed, mucilage on the seed coats is rinsed, and the seed coats cannot be damaged.
Preferably, the fine soil preparation is to plough 4-10 cm in furrows during cultivation, a drilling mode is adopted, the row spacing is 30-35 cm, the residues and weeds of previous crops are removed, the soil surface is loose, the width of each ridge is 1.5-2.4 m, and furrowing and drainage are carried out between the ridge spacings.
Preferably, the sowing time is spring sowing 3 middle of the month and autumn sowing 8 middle of the month, and the sowing quantity of the seeds is 36.5-38 kg/hm 2 。
Preferably, said field management further comprises:
and (3) seedling preservation: if the seedling emergence condition is not ideal, timely replanting is needed;
intertillage weeding: weeding when the tartary buckwheat grows to the seedling stage;
pest control: after emergence of seedlings, the roots are sprayed or irrigated with a control drug.
More preferably, the control drug is any one of 1000 times liquid of 80% dichlorvos missible oil, 1000 times liquid of 80% trichlorfon soluble powder, 1000 times liquid of 25% quinalphos missible oil, 1000-2000 times liquid of 5% cis-cypermethrin missible oil and 1000 times liquid of 40% dimethoate missible oil.
The invention also provides application of the fertilizer management method for relieving the tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacle in tartary buckwheat continuous cropping.
The fertilizer management method for relieving the buckwheat continuous cropping obstacle and the application thereof solve the problem of buckwheat continuous cropping obstacle and have the following advantages:
1. the selected field is the field with 4 or more batches of the tartary buckwheat which is continuously planted by the method, the plant height is improved by 0.75 time, the grain weight is improved by 0.24 time, and the yield is improved by 4.26 times.
2. The fertilizer management method for relieving the continuous cropping obstacle of the tartary buckwheat can effectively relieve the continuous cropping obstacle of the tartary buckwheat, improves the yield of the continuous cropping tartary buckwheat, and has very wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention selects the Guiyang field blocks of 4 or more tartary buckwheat crops which are continuously planted, and the average altitude is 1100 m.
The potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is produced by the limited liability company of the Hubei Yihua group; the nitrogen fertilizer is urea; the phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate; the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride.
Example 1
A fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles comprises the steps of fine soil preparation, fertilizer using amount and period, seed selection, seed soaking, sowing, field management, harvesting and the like, and specifically comprises the following operation steps:
(1) fine land preparation: during cultivation, furrows are not more than 10cm, row spacing is 33cm by adopting a drilling mode, residue and weeds of previous crops are removed, the soil surface is loose, the width of each ridge is 2m, and furrows and water are arranged between the ridge spacings;
(2) fertilizer dosage and period: applying potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer (total nutrient of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is more than or equal to 45 percent) before sowing, wherein the component of the compound fertilizer is N, P 2 O 5 And K 2 O, and N, P 2 O 5 And K 2 The mass ratio of O is 14: 16: 15)350kg/hm 2 As base fertilizer, 350kg/hm of fertilizer is applied in the grouting period 2 As a top application;
(3) seed selection: selecting fine seeds, namely seeds with empty grains, blighted grains, broken grains, grass grains and impurities removed, selecting full and tidy seeds, and performing sun-drying 2 days in advance;
(4) seed soaking: elutriating seeds for 3 times by using clear water at 25 ℃ in a sowing period, soaking the seeds for 60 minutes, wherein the seed soaking water amount is 2-3 times of the seed volume, changing water for 1-2 times in the seed soaking process, slightly rubbing the seeds, rinsing off mucilage on the seeds, and preventing the seeds from being damaged (slightly rubbing the seeds until the seeds are smooth);
(5) sowing: the sowing time is 3 days in the middle of spring sowing and 8 days in the middle of autumn sowing, and the sowing quantity is 37.0kg/hm 2 。
(6) Field management: firstly, seedling preservation: if the seedling emergence condition is not ideal, timely replanting is needed, and about 90-100 plants per square meter are kept; intertillage weeding: weeding when the tartary buckwheat grows to the seedling stage; thirdly, water management: performing water management according to the principle of 'dry and thorough pouring' in the grouting period, and naturally raining in the rest periods; fourthly, pest control: after emergence of seedlings, 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos missible oil, 1000 times of 80% trichlorfon soluble powder, 1000 times of 25% quinalphos missible oil, 1000-2000 times of 5% cis-cypermethrin missible oil and 1000 times of 40% dimethoate missible oil are selected for spraying or root irrigation.
(7) Harvesting: harvesting when about 70% of tartary buckwheat seeds are mature in the field.
Comparative example 1
A fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles is basically the same as the steps of example 1, and is characterized in that:
and (3) in the fertilizer dosage and period of the step (2), no high-concentration potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is applied.
Example 2
A fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles is basically the same as the steps in example 1, and is characterized in that:
and (3) replacing the high-concentration potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer with a nitrogen fertilizer in the fertilizer using amount and period of the step (2).
Example 3
A fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles is basically the same as the steps in example 1, and is characterized in that:
and (3) replacing the high-concentration potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer with a phosphate fertilizer in the fertilizer using amount and period of the step (2).
Example 4
A fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles is basically the same as the steps in example 1, and is characterized in that:
and (3) replacing the high-concentration potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer with a potash fertilizer in the fertilizer using amount and period of the step (2).
Experimental example 1 explores the influence of different fertilizers on the height of a continuous cropping tartary buckwheat plant
The results of comparative example 1 and examples 1 to 4 were collated and the data are shown in Table 1.
Note: a, b, c and d in Table 1 represent significant differences (P < 0.05), respectively.
As can be seen from Table 1, example 1 has the best effect when using NPK compound fertilizer, and the plant height of the continuous cropping tartary buckwheat is 1.75 times that of comparative example 1.
Experimental example 2 explores the influence of different fertilizers on the hundred-grain weight of tartary buckwheat in continuous cropping
The results of comparative example 1 and examples 1-4 were collated and the data are shown in Table 2.
Note: a, b, c, d and e in Table 2 represent significant differences (P < 0.05), respectively.
As can be seen from Table 2, the effect of using NPK compound fertilizer in example 1 is the best, and the weight of the hundred grains of the continuous cropping tartary buckwheat is 1.24 times that of comparative example 1.
Experimental example 3 explores the influence of different fertilizers on the yield of continuous cropping tartary buckwheat
The results of comparative example 1 and examples 1-4 were collated and the data are shown in Table 3.
Note: a, b, c, d and e in Table 3 represent significant differences (P < 0.05), respectively.
As can be seen from table 3, the effect of using the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in example 1 is the best, and the yield of the continuous cropping tartary buckwheat is 5.26 times that of comparative example 1, so that the continuous cropping obstacle of tartary buckwheat is effectively relieved, and the yield of the continuous cropping tartary buckwheat is improved.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting land, finely preparing land, fertilizing, selecting seeds, soaking seeds, sowing, managing in the field and harvesting;
wherein, the land selection is that the continuous cropping tartary buckwheat is more than 4 crops;
the fertilization is to apply the compound fertilizer of 325-375 kg/hm before sowing 2 As a base fertilizer, 325-375 kg/hm of fertilizer is applied in the grouting period 2 As a top application;
the compound fertilizer is a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer;
the water management in the field management is that the water management is carried out according to the principle of thorough drying and thorough pouring in the grouting period, and the natural rainfall is relied on in the rest periods;
the harvesting is started when the maturity rate of the tartary buckwheat seeds in the field is more than or equal to 70%.
2. The method for managing the fertilizer for relieving the continuous cropping obstacle of tartary buckwheat according to claim 1, wherein the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer comprises the following components: n, P 2 O 5 And K 2 O。
3. The fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total nutrient of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is more than or equal to 45%.
4. The method for managing fertilizer for relieving continuous cropping obstacle of tartary buckwheat according to claim 1, wherein N, P is contained in the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer 2 O 5 And K 2 The mass ratio of O is (13-16): (14-19): (14-17).
5. The fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seed selection is to select full and tidy seeds and sun-dry the seeds 1-2 days earlier; the seed soaking is in a seeding period, seeds are washed for 2-3 times by using clear water at 23-30 ℃, the seed soaking time is 70-90 min, the seed soaking water amount is 2-3 times larger than that of the seeds, water is changed for 1-2 times in the seed soaking process, the seeds are gently rubbed and washed, mucilage on the seed coats is rinsed, and the seed coats cannot be damaged.
6. The fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles of claim 1, wherein the fine soil preparation is realized by ploughing furrows for 4-10 cm during cultivation in a drilling mode with a row spacing of 30-35 cm, removing the residues and weeds of previous crops, loosening the soil surface, making each ridge 1.5-2.4 m wide, and ditching and draining water between ridges.
7. The fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1The method is characterized in that the sowing time is spring sowing 3 days in the middle of the month and autumn sowing 8 days in the middle of the month, and the seed sowing quantity is 36.5-38 kg/hm 2 。
8. The method for managing the fertilizer for relieving the continuous cropping obstacle of tartary buckwheat according to claim 1, wherein the field management further comprises the following steps:
and (3) seedling preservation: if the seedling emergence condition is not ideal, timely replanting is needed;
intertillage weeding: weeding when the tartary buckwheat grows to the seedling stage;
pest control: after emergence of seedlings, the roots are sprayed or irrigated with a control drug.
9. The fertilizer management method for relieving tartary buckwheat continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 8, wherein the control drug is any one selected from 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable solution 1000 times, 80% trichlorfon soluble powder 1000 times, 25% quinalphos emulsifiable solution 1000 times, 5% cis-cypermethrin emulsifiable solution 1000-2000 times and 40% dimethoate emulsifiable solution 1000 times.
10. Use of the fertilizer management method for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles of tartary buckwheat according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in continuous cropping of tartary buckwheat.
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| CN111713352A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-29 | 贵州师范大学 | Cultivation method for improving tetraploid tartary buckwheat filling degree |
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| CN109644796A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-04-19 | 西南大学 | A kind of mechanical planting and the breeding method that bitter buckwheat lodging resistance can be promoted |
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