CN114788443B

CN114788443B - Method for promoting germination of seeds of hydrangea macrophylla at low temperature

Info

Publication number: CN114788443B
Application number: CN202210462558.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘国宇; 王庆; 李艳; 王莉; 齐康学; 王玮; 刘炼红
Original assignee: XI'AN BOTANICAL GARDEN OF SHAANXI PROVINCE
Current assignee: XI'AN BOTANICAL GARDEN OF SHAANXI PROVINCE
Priority date: 2022-04-28
Filing date: 2022-04-28
Publication date: 2023-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-28
Also published as: CN114788443A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for promoting germination of seeds of water shield hydrangea at low temperature, belonging to the technical field of water shield hydrangea, comprising the following steps: s1: harvesting the fruits of the hydrangea macrophylla, drying and falling off seeds; s2: adding water into the sterile ep tube with the cover; s3: then putting the water shield hydrangea seeds into an ep pipe filled with water, tightly covering a cover, and shaking along the length direction of the ep pipe to enable the seeds to be fully contacted with the water; s4: finally, placing the ep tube filled with seeds under the condition of direct light or scattered light, and shaking the ep tube every 2-3 days to ensure that all seeds can be uniformly contacted with water; the ep tube is transparent, so that the requirement of seed germination on light can be met; no water change is required during germination; the air in the gap of the ep pipe maintains oxygen required by seed germination, the method can improve the germination rate and the germination rate of the water shield hydrangea at a lower temperature of 5-15 ℃, and the method is simple to operate and low in cost; solves the problem that seeds of the current water shield hydrangea are difficult to sprout at a lower temperature.

Description

Method for promoting germination of seeds of hydrangea macrophylla at low temperature

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water shield hydrangea, in particular to a method for promoting germination of seeds of water shield hydrangea at low temperature.

Background

The water shield hydrangea is also called as long-handle hydrangea, and is an upright shrub of hydrangea genus of hydrangea of hydrangeaceae family. Distributed in Henan, shaanxi (Daba mountain), gansu south, hubei, hunan, sichuan, guizhou provinces of China. The hydrangea has various varieties, gorgeous flower color, large inflorescence and long flowering period, can be used as ornamental shrubs, fresh cut flowers and potted flowers, and has extremely high ornamental value. The water shield and hydrangea are widely distributed in Shaanxi Qinling mountain areas, and can be developed as a rural plant to be applied to garden landscapes.

In Zhejiang and southwest areas of China, hydrangea is widely applied to landscape architecture. In recent years, the application of hydrangea in northern areas of China is increasing. China is a germ plasm resource center of the hydrangea, but the hydrangea market of China is monopoly by imported varieties, and the wild hydrangea resources of the hydrangea are not fully developed and utilized. Most flowers of the hydrangea plants are sterile flowers, the setting rate is low, and natural mature seeds are difficult to obtain. The seeds are very tiny, the average length of the seeds of the water shield hydrangea is 0.75mm, the width of the seeds is 0.29mm, the thousand grain weight of the seeds is 11.8mg, and the seeds are very difficult to harvest and sow, which are the main problems for obstructing the hydrangea breeding work in China.

Through a large number of experiments and literature data review, the main breeding mode of the hydrangea is found to be asexual breeding, including cutting and tissue culture rapid propagation technology; and also relates to researches on the breeding of the hydrangea seeds. At present, the main problems of the germination of the hydrangea seeds are as follows: (1) The optimal germination temperature of the hydrangea seeds is 25 ℃, but the maturation time of the hydrangea seeds is generally 9-12 months, the temperature is too low, and the germination requirement cannot be met under natural conditions; (2) The germination of the hydrangea seeds needs to have certain illumination, and the seeds are directly buried in the soil, so that the seeds cannot germinate due to lack of illumination or the germination rate is extremely low; (3) The seeds are scattered on the soil surface, and a plastic film is required to be covered to keep the humidity of the soil surface, but diseases and insect pests are easy to occur due to improper ventilation. Therefore, there is a need to provide a method for promoting germination of seeds of the hydrangea macrophylla at low temperatures.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the problem of difficult germination of seeds of the hydrangea macrophylla at a lower temperature, and provides a method for germination of the hydrangea macrophylla seeds, which has the advantages of high germination rate and high germination speed at the lower temperature, prevention of plant diseases and insect pests and simplicity in operation.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a method for promoting germination of seeds of hydrangea macrophylla at low temperature, comprising the following steps:

s1: harvesting the fruits of the hydrangea macrophylla, drying and falling off seeds;

s2: adding water into the sterile ep tube with the cover;

s3: then putting the water shield hydrangea seeds into an ep pipe filled with water, tightly covering a cover, and shaking along the length direction of the ep pipe to enable the seeds to be fully contacted with the water;

s4: finally, the ep tube with the seeds is placed under the condition of direct light or scattered light, and the ep tube is shaken every 2-3 days, so that all the seeds can be uniformly contacted with water.

As a further scheme of the invention: in the step S1, full and mature water shield hydrangea fruits are collected in 9-10 months, the water shield hydrangea fruits are placed at room temperature, and seeds are naturally shed by light shaking after the fruit pods are completely dried.

As a further scheme of the invention: in step S2, a 2mL sterile ep tube with cap is selected, and the tube is filled with tap water or purified water to a distance of 0.5cm from the tube orifice.

As a further scheme of the invention: in step S4, the ep tube with the seeds is placed in an illumination incubator at 5-15℃and the ep tube is shaken every 2-3 days to ensure that all the seeds are uniformly contacted with water.

As a further scheme of the invention: in step S4, the ep tube with seeds is placed in a 15℃light incubator, and the ep tube is shaken every 2-3 days to ensure that all seeds are uniformly contacted with water.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the ep tube is transparent, and can meet the requirement of seed germination on light; tap water can stably provide water needed by seeds, and water does not need to be changed during germination; the air in the gap of the ep pipe maintains oxygen required by seed germination, the method can improve the germination rate and the germination rate of the water shield hydrangea at a lower temperature of 5-15 ℃, and the method is simple to operate, does not need special instruments and equipment, and has extremely low cost.

Detailed Description

Example 1

s1: harvesting full and mature water shield sparassis crispa fruits in 9 months, standing at room temperature, and naturally shedding seeds by light shaking after the pods are completely dried;

s2: selecting a 2mL sterile ep tube with a cover, and filling tap water or purified water into the tube to a position 0.5cm away from the tube orifice;

s4: the ep tube with the seeds was placed in a 15℃light incubator and shaken every 3 days to ensure that all seeds were uniformly exposed to water.

Example 2

s4: the ep tube with the seeds was placed in a 10℃light incubator and shaken every 3 days to ensure that all seeds were uniformly exposed to water.

Example 3

s4: the ep tube with the seeds was placed in a 5℃light incubator and shaken every 3 days to ensure that all seeds were uniformly exposed to water.

Comparative example 1

The seeds of the hydrangea hupehensis are placed in a culture dish, and then the culture dish is placed in a 15 ℃ illumination incubator for culture.

Comparative example 2

The seeds of the hydrangea macrophylla are placed in a culture dish, and then the culture dish is placed in a 10 ℃ illumination incubator for culture.

Comparative example 3

The seeds of the hydrangea macrophylla are placed in a culture dish, and then the culture dish is placed in a 5 ℃ illumination incubator for culture.

The experimental data obtained in the above examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

From the data in Table 1, the ep tube can meet the demand of seed germination for light, the germination rate of the seeds in the ep tube is highest at 15 ℃, the germination time is shortest, the germination rate of the seeds in the ep tube is higher than that in the culture dish, and the germination time is short.

To sum up: the ep tube light transmission in the invention can meet the requirement of seed germination on light; tap water can stably provide water needed by seeds, and water does not need to be changed during germination; the air in the gap of the ep pipe maintains oxygen required by seed germination, the method can improve the germination rate and the germination rate of the water shield hydrangea at a lower temperature of 5-15 ℃, and the method is simple to operate, does not need special instruments and equipment, and has extremely low cost.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but, if various modifications or variations of the present invention are not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A method for promoting germination of seeds of the hydrangea macrophylla at low temperature, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s2: adding water into the sterile ep tube with the cover;

s4: finally, placing the ep tube filled with the seeds under the illumination condition, and shaking the ep tube every 2-3 days to ensure that all the seeds can be uniformly contacted with water;

in the step S2, selecting a 2mL sterile ep tube with a cover, and filling tap water or purified water into the tube to a position 0.5cm away from the tube orifice;

in step S4, the ep tube with the seeds is placed in an illumination incubator at 5-15℃and the ep tube is shaken every 2-3 days to ensure that all the seeds are uniformly contacted with water.

2. The method for promoting germination of seeds of the water shield hydrangea at low temperature according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the full and mature water shield hydrangea fruits are harvested in 9-10 months, the water shield hydrangea fruits are placed at room temperature, and after the pods are completely dried, the seeds are naturally shed by shaking.

3. The method for promoting germination of seeds of the hydrangea macrophylla at low temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S4, the ep tube containing the seeds is placed in a 15 ℃ light incubator, shaking the ep tube every 2-3 days, ensuring that all the seeds are uniformly contacted with water.