CN114755117A - Multidirectional dynamic shear test system and method for soil-rock mixture based on vibration table - Google Patents
Multidirectional dynamic shear test system and method for soil-rock mixture based on vibration table Download PDFInfo
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- CN114755117A CN114755117A CN202210663760.5A CN202210663760A CN114755117A CN 114755117 A CN114755117 A CN 114755117A CN 202210663760 A CN202210663760 A CN 202210663760A CN 114755117 A CN114755117 A CN 114755117A
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multidirectional dynamic shear test system and method for soil-rock mixture based on a vibration table, comprising the following steps: the shearing machine comprises a control system, a vibrating table in communication connection with the control system, a shearing box arranged at the top end of the vibrating table and a power mechanism in communication connection with the control system; the periphery of the vibrating table is provided with a vibrating table foundation and horizontal actuators arranged on the vibrating table foundation, and the output end of each horizontal actuator is connected with the peripheral side wall of the vibrating table and is positioned on the same plane; be provided with the reaction frame on the shaking table basis, be provided with vertical actuator on the reaction frame, vertical actuator's output and the top of shearing the box are connected, and power unit provides the power supply to horizontal actuator and vertical actuator according to control system's instruction. The invention realizes multidirectional independent stress loading through the horizontal actuator, the vertical actuator and the vibrating table, and truly simulates the mechanical characteristics of the soil-rock mixture under the action of multidirectional earthquake.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock-soil body mechanical tests, in particular to a multidirectional dynamic shear test system and method for a soil-rock mixture based on a vibration table.
Background
The western mountainous area of China is a typical high mountain canyon area, the geological structure in the area is complex, the terrain height difference is obvious, the movable fracture distribution is wide, and earthquake disasters occur frequently. The slope of the soil-rock mixture in the region is widely distributed under the action of internal and external dynamic forces such as complex geological environment, climatic conditions and the like in the region, and for the slope which is stable under static condition, the slope is dislocated or slides under the dynamic cyclic shearing action of earthquake load to reduce the strength of the soil body, so that slope instability is generated, geological disasters are caused, and serious property loss, casualties and ecological environment damage are brought. The existing instrument and equipment are difficult to realize the variable amplitude, variable frequency and multidirectional dynamic load application on the soil-rock mixture due to the loading strain rate, the load range and the size of a sample of the existing rock-soil body mechanical testing equipment, and the strength attenuation rule and the dynamic characteristic of the soil-rock mixture under the action of an earthquake load cannot be truly simulated.
The conventional indoor movable triaxial equipment and the conventional movable single shear equipment cannot well simulate the physical and mechanical characteristics of the soil-rock mixture under the action of multidirectional earthquake loads due to the limitation of the size of a sample and the loading direction of a dynamic load; although the conventional large dynamic triaxial test equipment solves the problem of sample size limitation, the multi-directional loading cannot be realized, so that the physical and mechanical properties of the soil-rock mixture under the action of seismic motion cannot be truly simulated. However, due to the loading strain rate, the load range and the size of the sample of the rock-soil body mechanical testing equipment, the existing instrument and equipment are difficult to realize the variable-amplitude variable-frequency and multi-directional dynamic load on the soil-rock mixture, and the strength attenuation law and the dynamic characteristics of the soil-rock mixture under the action of the earthquake load cannot be truly simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multidirectional dynamic shear test system and method for an earth-rock mixture based on a vibrating table, and aims to solve the problem that the existing rock-soil body mechanical test equipment cannot be used for multidirectional dynamic loading simulation of dynamic response of a rock-soil body, so that the test data effect is poor.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a multidirectional dynamic shear test system of soil-rock mixture based on shaking table includes: the shearing machine comprises a control system, a vibrating table in communication connection with the control system, a shearing box arranged at the top end of the vibrating table and a power mechanism in communication connection with the control system;
the periphery of the vibrating table is provided with a vibrating table foundation and horizontal actuators arranged on the vibrating table foundation, and the output end of each horizontal actuator is connected with the peripheral side wall of the vibrating table and is positioned on the same plane;
a reaction frame is arranged on the vibrating table, a vertical actuator is arranged on the reaction frame, the output end of the vertical actuator is connected with the top end of the shearing box, and a power mechanism provides power sources for the horizontal actuator and the vertical actuator according to instructions of a control system;
and displacement sensors in communication connection with the control system are respectively arranged on the horizontal actuator and the shearing box, and acceleration sensors in communication connection with the control system are arranged on the vibration table.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the operating control system outputs an instruction and drives the power mechanism and the vibration table, the vibration table is equivalent to a seismic source when in work, and the fundamental natural vibration frequency of the vibration table can generate strong resonance in the working range of the vibration table; the power mechanism drives the horizontal actuator and the vertical actuator to realize a basic control function on the vibrating table and the shearing box and output control instructions of the power mechanism and the control system, so that the motion of the vibrating table and the shearing box is controlled. The displacement sensor is used for collecting displacement signals, the acceleration sensor is used for collecting acceleration signals on the vibration table, collected data are transmitted to the control system, the load size and the vibration frequency of the normal direction and other directions are set according to experiment requirements, and stress changes of the soil-rock mixture under the static and dynamic effects are recorded through the control system.
Further, the shear box is including setting up the base on the top of shaking table and setting up the last pressure head on the base top, and the base is kept away from and is set up the rubber membrane that has that is used for sealed sample between the one end of shaking table and the last pressure head, and the peripheral cover of rubber membrane is equipped with the ring of folding that a plurality of axial overlap placed, and displacement sensor sets up the lateral wall at last pressure head, and vertical actuator's output is connected with the top of last pressure head.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the axial overlapping of the multiple stacked rings keeps the cross section of the sample unchanged during the movement of the shear box, and simultaneously, the shear stress is uniformly distributed on the sample. The output of vertical actuator is connected with last pressure head, has realized the stress loading to last pressure head to and through the shaking table, realized multi-direction independent stress loading. Place the sample in the rubber membrane of shearing box, through horizontal actuator, vertical actuator and shaking table, thereby make the sample in the shearing box realize at the X axle, the Y axle, the ascending stress loading of Z axle three side, the displacement signal of pressure head in gathering through displacement sensor, and with displacement signal real-time feedback to control system on, control system takes notes the soil stone mixture body at quiet, the stress change under the dynamic action, and carry out dynamic adjustment to the loading force, thereby realize true controllable stress loading.
Furthermore, limiting bolts are arranged from two sides of the stack ring at the top end to two sides of the stack ring at the bottom end.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the limiting bolts are arranged on the two sides of the stacking ring, so that the problem that the sample in the shearing box is sheared in an overlarge lateral direction is solved, and the experiment precision is improved.
Further, the vertical actuator is connected with the upper pressure head through a steel plate.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: through setting up the steel sheet, improve the stability of being connected between vertical actuator of water and the last pressure head, still have sufficient rigidity simultaneously and make stress distribution even.
Further, the base passes through fixing bolt and shaking table threaded connection.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the base of the shearing box is in threaded connection with the vibrating table through the fixing bolt, and the shearing box is convenient to mount and dismount.
Furthermore, the control system comprises a computer end, a vibration controller in communication connection with the computer end, and a servo controller in communication connection with the vibration controller, the vibration controller drives the servo controller to send a control command to the power mechanism according to the command of the computer end, and the displacement sensor and the acceleration sensor are in communication connection with the vibration controller respectively.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: vibration controller drives servo controller according to the order of the preinput of computer end, and servo controller control power unit, power unit drive horizontal actuator and vertical actuator, and vertical actuator acts on the last pressure head of shearing the box, and horizontal actuator acts on the shaking table to the motion of control mesa. The displacement sensor on the horizontal actuator is used for collecting displacement signals of the vibrating table, the displacement sensor on the upper pressure head is used for collecting displacement signals of the upper pressure head, the acceleration sensor is used for collecting acceleration signals of the vibrating table and transmitting the displacement signals and the acceleration signals to the vibration controller, and the vibration controller is used for receiving feedback signals such as the displacement signals and the acceleration signals and adjusting load size and vibration frequency acting on the vibrating table according to the acceleration signals. The power mechanism outputs instruction signals to realize the motion closed-loop control function of the vibration table, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the loading force and realizing the real controllable stress loading.
Furthermore, the power mechanism comprises a hydraulic control system and an energy accumulator, wherein the hydraulic control system is in power connection with the vertical actuator and the horizontal actuators respectively, the energy accumulator is used for providing power for the hydraulic control system, and the hydraulic control system is in communication connection with the servo controller.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the hydraulic control system outputs instruction signals to the horizontal actuator and the vertical actuator according to the servo controller, so that the basic control function of the horizontal actuator and the vertical actuator is realized, and the movement of the table top is controlled; the energy storage ware can improve the power supply source of the big amplitude of frequency for horizontal actuator and vertical actuator and hydraulic control system.
The invention also provides a testing method of the soil-rock mixture multidirectional dynamic shear testing system based on the vibrating table, which comprises the following steps:
s1: checking the test system, and then setting instructions for the control system;
s2: lifting the vertical actuator by operating the power mechanism, placing a sample in the shearing box according to test requirements, then installing a displacement sensor on the shearing box, and adjusting the numerical values of the vertical actuator and the displacement sensor;
s3: starting a control system, and controlling a vertical actuator to apply normal tension/pressure at a certain speed through a power mechanism; after the load is stable, controlling the vibration table through the power mechanism, applying horizontal shearing force to the sample according to a command input in advance by the control system until the sample is damaged, and recording the shearing surface damage process of the sample according to a configured high-definition camera;
S4: after the shearing displacement in the step S3 reaches the set stroke, stopping the shearing stroke by the control system, simultaneously storing data and removing the vertical pressure of the vertical actuator, and then analyzing and processing test data based on the data collected by the control system to evaluate the mechanical test performance of the sample;
s5: and after the test is finished, taking the sample out of the shear box, cleaning the shear box and closing the test system.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: through a control system, the earthquake strain rate and multi-frequency section loading can be realized. The system can be used for researching the influence of the seismic motion multi-directionality on the dynamic characteristics of the soil-rock mixture, and is favorable for revealing the dynamic instability mechanism of the side slope.
Further, in step S1, overlapping loops are placed on the cutting box, and then setting instructions to the computer in the control system;
step S3, controlling the vibration table through the power mechanism and applying horizontal shearing force to the sample according to the instruction input in advance by the computer end of the control system until the sample is damaged; and the computer terminal automatically collects and stores the shear load, the shear displacement, the normal load and the normal displacement in real time, and records the shear surface damage process of the sample according to the configured high-definition camera.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the axial overlapping of the ring packs keeps the cross section of the sample unchanged during the movement of the shear box, and simultaneously, the shear stress is uniformly distributed on the sample.
Further, when evaluating the mechanical test performance of the sample in step S4, the method includes obtaining a shear force-shear displacement curve, strength parameters under different strain rates, and an attenuation law of the soil-rock mixture parameters, and analyzing the obtained shear force-shear displacement curve, strength parameters under different strain rates, and the attenuation law of the soil-rock mixture parameters, so as to obtain the internal friction angle of the soil-rock mixture
And cohesion C.
The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: multi-directional dynamic loading of the sample in the horizontal and vertical directions is realized; through a test system, the strength attenuation rule of the soil-rock mixture is disclosed, the three key scientific problems of the shear mechanical property of the soil-rock mixture under the action of a multidirectional earthquake and the dynamic instability mechanism of the side slope of the soil-rock mixture are solved, and the friction angle is utilized
And evaluating the mechanical test performance of the sample according to the size of the cohesive force C.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The test device is composed of the vibrating table and the shearing box, the vibrating table can simultaneously realize translation along X and Y directions and rotation around a Z axis through the horizontal actuator and the vertical actuator, the servo controller is controlled in a high-precision three-way mode, and the simulation of earthquake strain rate and multi-frequency section loading can be realized, so that the multi-direction independent stress loading is realized, the mechanical characteristics of a rock mass under the action of a multi-direction earthquake are truly simulated, and the reasonability and the accuracy of test data are improved;
2. multi-directional dynamic loading of the sample in the horizontal and vertical directions is realized; through a control system, the earthquake strain rate and multi-frequency section loading can be realized. The system can be used for researching the influence of the seismic motion multi-directionality on the dynamic characteristics of the soil-rock mixture, and is favorable for revealing the dynamic instability mechanism of the side slope. The strength attenuation rule of the soil-rock mixture is planned to be revealed through the developed soil-rock mixture multi-directional dynamic shear test system; the problem of shearing mechanical property of the soil-rock mixture under the action of a multidirectional earthquake is solved; three key scientific problems of the dynamic instability mechanism of the soil-rock mixture side slope are explored.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a test system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a vibration table and a shear box;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the vibration table;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a stack ring;
FIG. 5 is a reference plot of shear force versus shear displacement curve;
FIG. 6 is a reference diagram of the strength-strain rate curve of the soil-rock mixture;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the intensity decay law curve of the soil-rock mixture.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-control system, 101-computer end, 102-vibration controller, 103-servo controller, 2-vibration table, 201-vibration table foundation, 202-horizontal actuator, 203-reaction frame, 204-vertical actuator, 3-shearing box, 301-base, 302-upper pressure head, 303-stacking ring, 4-power mechanism, 401-hydraulic control system, 402-energy accumulator, 5-displacement sensor, 6-acceleration sensor, 7-limit bolt and 8-steel plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a multidirectional dynamic shear test system for soil and rock mixture based on a vibration table comprises: the cutting machine comprises a control system 1, a vibration table 2 in communication connection with the control system 1, a cutting box 3 arranged at the top end of the vibration table 2, and a power mechanism 4 in communication connection with the control system 1; the operation control system 1 outputs instructions and drives the power mechanism 4 and the vibration table 2.
A vibrating table base 201 and horizontal actuators 202 arranged on the vibrating table base 201 are arranged on the periphery of the vibrating table 2, and the output end of each horizontal actuator 202 is connected with the peripheral side walls of the vibrating table 2 and is located on the same plane; the vibration table 2 acts as a seismic source during operation, and the natural frequency of the vibration table base 201 may resonate strongly within the operating range of the vibration table 2. Through the vibration table 2 and the vibration table foundation 201, the vibration table 2 moves along the X axis and the Y axis and rotates around the Z axis, and therefore the test sample in the shearing box 3 is subjected to multidirectional independent stress loading.
Be provided with reaction frame 203 on the shaking table basis 201, be provided with vertical actuator 204 on the reaction frame 203, vertical actuator 204's output is connected with the top of shearing box 3, and power unit 4 provides the power supply to horizontal actuator 202 and vertical actuator 204 according to control system 1's instruction. Reaction frame 203 provides for normal loading of vertical actuators 204 and provides support and operating space for vertical actuators 204. The power mechanism 4 drives the horizontal actuator 202 and the vertical actuator 204 to realize basic control functions on the vibration table 2 and the shearing box 3, and outputs control instructions of the power mechanism 4 and the control system 1, so that the motion of the vibration table 2 and the shearing box 3 is controlled.
The horizontal actuator 202 and the shearing box 3 are respectively provided with a displacement sensor 5 which is in communication connection with the control system 1. The displacement sensor 5 is used for collecting displacement signals, transmitting the collected data to the control system 1, setting the load size and the vibration frequency in the normal direction and other directions according to experiment requirements, and recording the stress change of the soil-rock mixture under the static and dynamic effects. The vibration table 2 is provided with an acceleration sensor 6 which is in communication connection with the control system 1, the acceleration sensor 6 collects acceleration signals of vibration on the vibration table 2 and transmits the collected acceleration signals to the control system 1, and the control system 1 adjusts the load and the vibration frequency acting on the vibration table 2 according to the acceleration signals.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the shear box 3 includes a base 301 disposed at the top end of the vibrating table 2, and an upper pressure head 302 disposed at the top end of the base 301, a rubber membrane for sealing a sample is disposed between one end of the base 301, which is far away from the vibrating table 2, and the upper pressure head 302, a plurality of stacked rings 303 which are axially overlapped are sleeved on the periphery of the rubber membrane, a displacement sensor 5 is disposed on the side wall of the upper pressure head 302, the displacement sensor 5 transmits a collected displacement signal of the upper pressure head 302 to the control system 1, and the control system 1 records the stress change of a mixture of earth and stone under the static and dynamic effects; therefore, the dynamic adjustment of the loading force is realized, and the real controllable stress loading is realized. The output end of the vertical actuator 204 is connected with the top end of the upper ram 302, so that stress loading of the upper ram 302 is realized.
Wherein, base 301 passes through fixing bolt and 2 threaded connection of shaking table, is convenient for according to the sample of different specifications, install and change with the shearing box 3 of sample matching. The axial overlapping of the multiple stacked rings 303 keeps the cross section of the sample constant during the movement of the shear box 3, and simultaneously, the shear stress is uniformly distributed on the sample.
In the embodiment, the limiting bolts 7 are arranged from two sides of the top-end stacking ring 303 to two sides of the bottom-end stacking ring 303, and the limiting screws 7 are used for preventing the sample in the shearing box 3 from being excessively sheared in the lateral direction; in other embodiments of the present invention, a stop rod or the like may be used to limit the position of the stack ring 303.
Preferably, the vertical actuator 204 is connected with the upper ram 302 through the steel plate 8, so that the connection stability between the water vertical actuator 204 and the upper ram 302 is improved, and meanwhile, the vertical actuator has enough rigidity and enables stress distribution to be uniform.
As shown in fig. 1, the control system 1 includes a computer terminal 101, a vibration controller 102 communicatively connected to the computer terminal 101, and a servo controller 103 communicatively connected to the vibration controller 102, wherein the vibration controller 102 drives the servo controller 103 to issue a control command to the power mechanism 4 according to the command of the computer terminal 101, and the displacement sensor 5 and the acceleration sensor 6 are communicatively connected to the vibration controller 102, respectively. When the test system is used, a target instruction is input in advance at the computer end 101, the target instruction can be seismic waves, the vibration controller 102 drives the servo controller 103 to send a control instruction to the power mechanism 4 according to the instruction of the computer end 101, the power mechanism 4 drives the horizontal actuator 202 and the vertical actuator 204, the vertical actuator 204 acts on the upper pressure head 302 of the shearing box 3, and the horizontal actuator 202 acts on the vibrating table 2, so that multidirectional independent stress loading is realized, and the mechanical characteristics of a rock mass under the action of multidirectional earthquakes are truly simulated.
The power mechanism 4 comprises a hydraulic control system 401 in power connection with the vertical actuators 204 and the plurality of horizontal actuators 202, respectively, and an accumulator 402 for providing power to the hydraulic control system 401, the hydraulic control system 401 being in communication with the servo controller 103. The accumulator 402 may provide a power source for the horizontal and vertical actuators 202, 204 and the hydraulic control system 401. The hydraulic control system 401 outputs command signals to the horizontal actuator 202 and the vertical actuator 204 according to the servo controller 103, so as to realize the basic control function of the horizontal actuator 202 and the vertical actuator 204, and thus, the movement of the table top is vibrated.
In the embodiment, the displacement sensor 5 is an existing LVDT displacement sensor, an RHM series LVDT displacement sensor of MST company is adopted, and the acceleration sensor 6 is an existing acceleration sensor, and the specific model of the existing acceleration sensor is CA-DR-1005. The horizontal actuator 202 and the vertical actuator 204 employ existing hydraulic cylinders.
The invention also provides a test method of the soil-rock mixture multidirectional dynamic shear test system based on the vibration table, which comprises the following steps:
s1: checking the test system, and then setting instructions for the control system 1; the instruction setting is performed on the computer 101 in the control system 1;
In step S1, overlapping the loop 303 on the cutting box 3, and then setting an instruction for the computer 101 in the control system 1; the appropriate shearing box 3 and the stacking ring 303 are selected according to the size of the sample, the stacking ring 303 is located on the periphery of the rubber film and is axially overlapped, the stacking ring 303 is used for ensuring that the cross section of the sample is kept unchanged in the movement process of the shearing box 3, meanwhile, the shearing stress is uniformly distributed on the sample, and the command of the computer end 101 is set to be seismic waves.
S2: lifting the vertical actuator 204 by operating the power mechanism 4, placing a sample in the shearing box 3 according to test requirements, then installing a displacement sensor 5 on the shearing box 3, and adjusting the numerical values of the vertical actuator 204 and the displacement sensor 5;
the displacement sensor 5 is installed on the upper pressure head 302 of the shearing box 3, the axial load of the vertical actuator 204 is set to be zero, and the numerical value of the displacement sensor 5 is reset to ensure that the numerical values generated and measured by the vertical actuator 204 and the displacement sensor 5 are accurate in subsequent tests.
S3: starting the control system 1, firstly controlling the vertical actuator 204 to apply normal tension/pressure at a certain speed through the power mechanism 4; after the load is stable, controlling the vibration table 2 through the power mechanism 4, applying horizontal shearing force to the sample according to a command input in advance by the control system 1 until the sample is damaged, and recording the damage process of the shearing surface of the sample according to a configured high-definition camera;
In step S3, the vibration table 2 is controlled by the power mechanism 4 and a horizontal shearing force is applied to the sample according to the command input in advance by the computer 101 of the control system 1 until the sample is damaged; the computer end 101 automatically collects and stores the shearing load, the shearing displacement, the normal load and the normal displacement in real time, and records the damage process of the shearing surface of the sample according to the configured high-definition camera.
The command input to the computer terminal 101 includes seismic waves, actual seismic loads, sinusoidal loads, rectangular loads, and the like, and in this embodiment, the seismic waves command is input to the computer terminal 101; the high-definition camera is an external device and is used for recording the damage process of the shear plane of the sample in the control system 1.
S4: after the shearing displacement in the step S3 reaches the set stroke, the control system 1 stops the shearing stroke, simultaneously saves data and removes the vertical pressure of the vertical actuator 204, and then performs test data analysis and processing based on the data acquired by the control system 1 to evaluate the mechanical test performance of the sample;
the analysis and processing of the test data based on the data collected by the control system 1 are mainly based on the analysis and processing of the test data collected by the computer 101.
S5: after the test is finished, the sample is taken out of the shear box 3, the shear box 3 is cleaned, and the test system is closed.
And (3) blowing out moisture and dust in the shearing box 3 by using an air gun, and performing rust prevention treatment on the shearing box 3.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, when evaluating the mechanical test performance of the sample in step S4, first obtaining the shear force-shear displacement curve, the strength parameters under different strain rates, and the attenuation law of the soil-rock mixture parameters, and then analyzing the obtained shear force-shear displacement curve, the strength parameters under different strain rates, and the attenuation law of the soil-rock mixture parameters, so as to obtain the internal friction angle of the soil-rock mixture
And cohesion C; the mechanical test performance of the sample is evaluated mainly under the condition of earthquake strain rate; according to internal friction angle
And evaluating the mechanical test performance of the sample according to the value of the cohesive force C.
Obtaining a shear force-displacement curve includes: drawing a shear force-shear displacement relation curve by taking the shear force as a vertical coordinate and the shear displacement as a horizontal coordinate to obtain a shear force-shear displacement curve reference diagram;
strength parameters under different strain rate conditions: taking the strength of the soil-rock mixture as a vertical coordinate and the strain rate as a horizontal coordinate to obtain a reference graph of the strength-strain rate curve of the soil-rock mixture, and applying different strain rates with the same normal stress to obtain strength parameters under different strain rate conditions;
Strength attenuation law of soil-rock mixture: when a dynamic shear test is carried out, defining a softening index according to the dynamic shear modulus of the soil body of the 1 st cycle and the N th cycle, and considering the attenuation of the dynamic shear modulus of the soil-rock mixture under the action of a shear load; under the condition of strain control and stress control, obtaining the strength attenuation rule of the soil-rock mixture according to the softening model through the definition of the softening index;
under strain control, the softening index equation is:
in the formula:
is the softening coefficient;G N andG 1modulus of the cycle secant of the Nth time and the 1 st time respectively;
and
the nth and 1 st cyclic shear stresses, respectively;
is a constant shear strain amplitude.
Under stress control, the softening index formula is:
in the formula:
is the softening coefficient;G N andG 1modulus of the cycle secant for the Nth time and the 1 st time respectively;
and
maximum and minimum shear stresses during the Nth cycle, respectively;
and
maximum and minimum shear strain in the Nth cycle process respectively;
and
maximum and minimum shear stress during the 1 st cycle, respectively;
and
maximum and minimum shear strain during the 1 st cycle, respectively;
is a dynamic load.
The data of the shear force-shear displacement curve, the intensity parameters under the conditions of different strain rates and the parameter attenuation law of the soil-rock mixture are analyzed and processed through the computer terminal 101, so that the internal friction angle of the soil-rock mixture is obtained 
And cohesion C, and passing through internal friction angle
And the size of the cohesive force C evaluates the mechanical test performance of the sample.
To sum up, the vibration controller 102 drives the servo controller 103 to send a control command to the hydraulic control system 401 according to the command of the computer end 101, the hydraulic control system 401 drives the horizontal actuator 202 and the vertical actuator 204, the vertical actuator 204 acts on the upper pressing head 302 of the shearing box 3, and the horizontal actuator 202 acts on the vibration table 2, so as to control the movement of the table top. Displacement sensor 5, and acceleration sensor 6 all with vibration controller 102 communication connection, the displacement sensor 5 on the horizontal actuator 202 is used for gathering the displacement signal of shaking table 2, the displacement sensor 5 on the pressure head 302 is used for gathering the displacement signal of pressure head 302, acceleration sensor 6 is used for measuring the acceleration signal of shaking table 2, and give vibration controller 102 with displacement signal and acceleration signal transmission, vibration controller 102 is used for receiving feedback signals such as displacement signal, acceleration signal, hydraulic control system 401 output command signal on the power unit 4, realize the motion closed loop control function of shaking table 2, thereby realize the dynamic adjustment of loading force, realize real controllable stress loading.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multidirectional dynamic shear test system of soil stone mixture based on shaking table which characterized in that includes: the shearing machine comprises a control system (1), a vibrating table (2) in communication connection with the control system (1), a shearing box (3) arranged at the top end of the vibrating table (2), and a power mechanism (4) in communication connection with the control system (1);
a vibrating table base (201) and horizontal actuators (202) arranged on the vibrating table base (201) are arranged on the periphery of the vibrating table (2), and the output end of each horizontal actuator (202) is connected with the peripheral side wall of the vibrating table (2) and is positioned on the same plane;
a reaction frame (203) is arranged on the vibration table foundation (201), a vertical actuator (204) is arranged on the reaction frame (203), the output end of the vertical actuator (204) is connected with the top end of the shearing box (3), and the power mechanism (4) provides power sources for the horizontal actuator (202) and the vertical actuator (204) according to the instruction of the control system (1);
The horizontal actuator (202) and the shearing box (3) are respectively provided with a displacement sensor (5) in communication connection with the control system (1), and the vibration table (2) is provided with an acceleration sensor (6) in communication connection with the control system (1).
2. The multidirectional dynamic shear test system of soil-rock mixture based on shaking table of claim 1, characterized in that, it is in to cut box (3) including setting up base (301) and the setting on the top of shaking table (2) are in last pressure head (302) on base (301) top, base (301) are kept away from the one end of shaking table (2) with it has the rubber membrane to go up to set up between pressure head (302) and be used for sealed sample, the peripheral cover of rubber membrane is equipped with a plurality of axial and overlaps pile ring (303) of placing, displacement sensor (5) set up go up the lateral wall of pressure head (302), the output of vertical actuator (204) with the top of going up pressure head (302) is connected.
3. The multidirectional dynamic shear test system for soil and stone mixture based on the vibrating table is characterized in that limiting bolts (7) are arranged from two sides of the top-end overlapping ring (303) to two sides of the bottom-end overlapping ring (303).
4. The multidirectional dynamic shear test system for soil and rock mixture based on the vibrating table as recited in claim 2, wherein the vertical actuator (204) is connected with the upper pressure head (302) through a steel plate (8).
5. The multidirectional dynamic shear test system for soil and stone mixture based on a vibrating table as in claim 2, wherein the base (301) is in threaded connection with the vibrating table (2) through fixing bolts.
6. The multidirectional dynamic shear test system for soil and stone mixtures based on the vibrating table as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the control system (1) comprises a computer end (101), a vibration controller (102) in communication connection with the computer end (101), and a servo controller (103) in communication connection with the vibration controller (102), the vibration controller (102) drives the servo controller (103) to send a control command to the power mechanism (4) according to the command of the computer end (101), and the displacement sensor (5) and the acceleration sensor (6) are in communication connection with the vibration controller (102) respectively.
7. The multidirectional dynamic shear test system for soil and rock mixture based on the vibrating table as claimed in claim 6, wherein the power mechanism (4) comprises a hydraulic control system (401) in power connection with the vertical actuator (204) and the horizontal actuators (202) respectively, and an energy accumulator (402) for providing power for the hydraulic control system (401), and the hydraulic control system (401) is in communication connection with the servo controller (103).
8. The test method of the multidirectional dynamic shear test system for the soil and stone mixture based on the vibration table as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: checking the test system, and then carrying out instruction setting on the control system (1);
s2: lifting the vertical actuator (204) by operating the power mechanism (4), placing a sample in the shearing box (3) according to test requirements, then installing the displacement sensor (5) on the shearing box (3), and adjusting the numerical values of the vertical actuator (204) and the displacement sensor (5);
s3: starting the control system (1), and controlling the vertical actuator (204) to apply normal tension/pressure at a certain speed through the power mechanism (4); after the load is stable, controlling the vibration table (2) through the power mechanism (4), applying horizontal shearing force to the sample according to an instruction input in advance by the control system (1) until the sample is damaged, and recording the shearing surface damage process of the sample according to the configured high-definition camera;
s4: after the shearing displacement in the step S3 reaches the set stroke, stopping the shearing stroke by the control system (1), simultaneously storing data, removing the vertical pressure of the vertical actuator (204), analyzing and processing test data based on the data acquired by the control system (1), and evaluating the mechanical test performance of the sample;
S5: and after the test is finished, taking out the sample from the shearing box (3), cleaning the shearing box (3) and closing the test system.
9. The testing method of the multidirectional dynamic shear testing system for soil and stone mixture based on the vibrating table as in claim 8, wherein in step S1, the overlapping ring (303) is overlapped on the shear box (3), and then the command setting is performed on the computer end (101) in the control system (1);
in the step S3, the vibrating table (2) is controlled by the power mechanism (4) and horizontal shearing force is applied to the sample according to the command input in advance by the computer end (101) of the control system (1) until the sample is damaged; the computer end (101) automatically collects and stores the shearing load, the shearing displacement, the normal load and the normal displacement in real time, and records the shearing surface damage process of the sample according to the configured high-definition camera.
10. The test method of the multidirectional dynamic shear test system for soil-rock mixtures based on the vibration table as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the step of evaluating the mechanical test performance of the test sample in step S4, a shear force-shear displacement curve, strength parameters under different strain rates and soil-rock mixture parameters are obtained first Counting the attenuation law, and analyzing and processing the obtained shearing force-shearing displacement curve, the intensity parameters under different strain rates and the attenuation law of the soil-rock mixture parameters to obtain the internal friction angle of the soil-rock mixture
And cohesion C.
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