CN114736075A

CN114736075A - Special fertilizer for selenium enrichment of radix puerariae and fertilizing method of radix puerariae

Info

Publication number: CN114736075A
Application number: CN202210417951.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈彬; 许勇; 胡萍; 陈泽霖; 穆光远
Original assignee: Shenzhen Batian Ecotypic Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Batian Ecotypic Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-20
Filing date: 2022-04-20
Publication date: 2022-07-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a selenium-rich fertilizer special for kudzuvine roots and a fertilizing method of kudzuvine roots, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers. The selenium-rich special fertilizer for the kudzuvine root comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500 portions of liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon 300-. According to the invention, selenium enrichment and kudzu root planting are organically combined, and a matched selenium enrichment special fertilizer is used, so that the selenium enrichment purpose is achieved, the effects of disease and insect resistance, medium and trace nutrient element enrichment, high yield and the like in the kudzu root planting process can be promoted, and the purposes of mutual promotion, yield increase and quality improvement are realized.

Description

Special fertilizer for selenium enrichment of radix puerariae and fertilizing method of radix puerariae

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a selenium-rich fertilizer special for kudzuvine roots and a fertilizing method of the kudzuvine roots.

Background

The kudzu vine root belongs to the leguminosae, is a perennial vine fallen leaf plant, has a long history of planting, eating and medicine application in China, has the efficacies of clearing heat and reducing internal heat, nourishing and beautifying, relieving summer heat and preventing heatstroke and the like, has the reputation of Asian mountain ginseng of south kudzu vine north ginseng, and is listed in a directory of 'two products of medicine and fruit'. The kudzu root also contains abundant starch and cellulose, 13 amino acids required by human body and microelements such as iron, calcium, selenium and germanium, and is a crop with high value.

In 1973, the expert committee of the world health organization formally announced that selenium is one of essential trace elements for human bodies, and when the selenium level of human bodies is in a proper threshold value, the selenium can play a role in resisting diseases and cancers and inhibiting HIV virus development and other related immune systems.

In recent years, with the development of agricultural production in China and the improvement of the living standard of residents, the requirements of people on nutrition and quality of food are higher and higher, and green, ecological and healthy agricultural products are increasingly popular with people. Therefore, the research on the selenium-rich medicinal and edible plant industry is significant for improving the living quality of people and promoting the economic development of agriculture, rural areas and regions. Patent CN201910028173 relates to a cultivation method of selenium-rich radix puerariae, but at the present stage, the radix puerariae planting varieties are partially wild seeds, the planting survival rate is low, selenium has the functions of promoting seed germination and improving crop quality, and patent CN201910028173 does not consider the synergistic effect of selenium enrichment and radix puerariae planting.

In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a selenium-rich fertilizer special for kudzuvine roots and a fertilizing method of kudzuvine roots, which are used for overcoming the defects in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

in a first aspect, the invention provides a selenium-rich special fertilizer for kudzuvine root, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500 portions of liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon 300-.

In a second aspect, the invention also provides a fertilizing method for radix puerariae, which comprises the following steps: the fertilizer special for the kudzuvine roots is used for fertilizing the kudzuvine roots.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a selenium-rich fertilizer special for kudzuvine roots and a fertilizing method of the kudzuvine roots, wherein the selenium-rich fertilizer special for the kudzuvine roots comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500 parts of liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon, 200 parts of fulvic acid, 15-20 parts of sodium selenite, 50-100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30-100 parts of urea or ammonium phosphate nitrate and 20-50 parts of medium trace elements, wherein the special selenium-rich liquid fertilizer is used to optimize the selenium content, effectively chelate with micromolecular functional amino acid and improve the absorption conversion and utilization rate of selenium; meanwhile, the contents of trace elements and functional nutrient substances are improved while the radix puerariae is rich in selenium through overall operation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a shape diagram of selenium-rich radix puerariae harvested by the cultivation method provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

At present, the following problems exist in the kudzu root planting process: (1) the planting technology of the kudzuvine roots is not complete at the present stage, and the yield of the kudzuvine roots is influenced; (2) the pest and disease damage in the pueraria planting has great influence on the yield and is not completely solved; (3) at the present stage, the research on selenium enrichment of the radix puerariae is less, and the selenium enrichment is unstable; (4) the yield is only concerned in the planting process of the kudzuvine root, and the attention to functional nutrient components is less.

In order to solve the problems in the planting process of the kudzuvine root, the embodiment of the invention provides a selenium-rich special fertilizer for the kudzuvine root and a fertilizing method for the kudzuvine root, wherein the selenium-rich fertilizer is organically combined with the planting of the kudzuvine root and is supplemented with a matched selenium-rich special fertilizer, so that the selenium-rich purpose is achieved, the effects of resisting diseases and insects, enriching medium and trace nutrient elements, improving the quality at high yield and the like in the planting process of the kudzuvine root can be promoted, the mutual promotion and the yield increase are realized, and the following problems are solved: (1) the kudzu root planting scheme is improved and standardized, so that the kudzu root is planted with high and stable yield; (2) the pueraria planting scheme is optimized, and the disease resistance and insect resistance in the pueraria planting process are improved; (3) the kudzu root planting technology is combined with the selenium-rich special fertilizer to achieve the effects of enriching selenium and improving functional nutrient components; (4) the scheme for planting the kudzuvine roots is planned comprehensively, and the aims of disease resistance, high yield, quality improvement, selenium enrichment and labor saving are achieved.

The invention mainly aims to provide a method for efficiently enriching selenium in kudzuvine root and a matched selenium-enriched special fertilizer, aiming at stably improving the selenium content of kudzuvine root, synchronously improving trace nutrient elements and functional nutrient substances in kudzuvine root under the condition of obtaining selenium-enriched kudzuvine root, reducing plant diseases and insect pests and improving yield.

In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted.

In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a selenium-rich special fertilizer for kudzuvine root, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 300 portions of liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon, 100 portions of fulvic acid, 200 portions of sodium selenite, 50 portions to 100 portions of monopotassium phosphate, 30 portions to 100 portions of urea or ammonium nitrate phosphorus and 20 portions to 50 portions of medium trace elements.

In an alternative embodiment, the liquid water-soluble small molecule organic carbon has an amino acid content of no less than 25% with respect to molecular mass less than 500.

In an alternative embodiment, the small molecule water soluble organic material in the liquid water soluble small molecule organic carbon comprises lysine, threonine and at least one of aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, arginine and proline.

In an optional embodiment, the medium trace elements comprise 5-20 parts of boric acid, 10-20 parts of EDTA calcium, 2-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5-10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10-20 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.5-2 parts of manganese sulfate and 0.5-2 parts of copper sulfate.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fertilization method for pueraria, including: the fertilizer special for kudzu roots is used for fertilizing the kudzu trees.

In an optional embodiment, the fertilizing of the kudzu root trees by using the special fertilizer for kudzu roots comprises the following steps:

after the root of kudzu vine is partially rooted, applying a compound fertilizer;

spraying selenium-rich fertilizer for kudzu root for the first time in 6-7 months after pruning and root thinning are carried out on kudzu root;

spraying selenium-rich fertilizer to the tuber of kudzu vine root for the second time after 8-9 months;

and spraying the selenium-rich special fertilizer for the kudzuvine roots for the third time in 10 months when the kudzuvine roots are mature.

In an alternative embodiment, the ratio of N: p₂O₅：K₂The weight ratio of O is 15: 10: 20.

in an alternative embodiment, 20-30kg of compound fertilizer is applied per mu of kudzu.

In an optional embodiment, the amount of the selenium-rich special fertilizer for kudzuvine root sprayed for the first time is 250-.

In an optional embodiment, when the special selenium-rich fertilizer is applied, the special selenium-rich fertilizer is diluted by 250-fold water and then sprayed.

Therefore, the selenium-rich fertilizer for the kudzuvine roots and the fertilizing method for the kudzuvine roots, which are provided by the embodiment of the invention, are adopted in a proper growth period, and the planting mode is adjusted to enable the fertilizer to be suitable for the selenium-rich fertilizer absorption of the kudzuvine roots; meanwhile, the selenium content is optimized by matching with the special selenium-rich liquid fertilizer, the selenium-rich liquid fertilizer is effectively chelated with micromolecular functional amino acid, and the absorption conversion and the utilization rate of the selenium are improved; meanwhile, the contents of trace elements and functional nutrient substances are improved while the radix puerariae is rich in selenium through overall operation; through strict management of a planting base and reasonable arrangement, plant diseases and insect pests in the kudzu root planting process are controlled, the yield is guaranteed, the combination of high yield, quality improvement and disease and insect resistance is achieved, the investment of farmers is reduced, and the yield of unit land is increased.

In order to more clearly describe the technical scheme of the invention, the following embodiments are further described:

a method for efficiently enriching selenium in radix Puerariae and a matched selenium-enriched special fertilizer comprise the following steps:

(1) raising seedlings of seeds;

a. preparation of seedbed

Black soil for seedbeds: and (3) biological organic fertilizer: fine sand is 1:1: 1.

Preferably, the organic matter of the biological organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 40 percent, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2000 ten thousand/g.

b. Cutting

Selecting a kudzu vine root variety with good potato shape, high yield and strong disease resistance, selecting a stout middle stem node for planting during harvesting, cutting the kudzu vine root into rattans with the length of 10-15cm before transplanting, inserting the rattans into a seedling culture land for cultivation according to the specification of 10 multiplied by 10cm, and preparing for transplanting when sprouts grow to 3-5 cm;

c. dripping and root fixing liquid

After cutting, the rooting solution is sprayed, the relative humidity of the soil on the ridge surface is kept about 50%, and the soil is cultured for 2-3 months and then can be transplanted into a planting forest land. The rooting solution is as follows: 0.3-0.5mg/L, NAA 0.05.05-0.2 mg/L of 6-BA, 1-5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1-2g/L of urea and 1-2g/L of micromolecule water-soluble organic carbon.

(2) Land preparation;

a. land selection

And (4) selecting a land with better conditions for planting. Selecting humus sandy loam which is fertile and loose in soil, has a soil layer depth of 80cm and good drainage, has a soil pH value of 6-8, ensures water source in 3-5 months every year and illuminates a land block with sufficient resources.

b. Base fertilizer soil preparation

The soil is combined with the turning and the mixing of 200 plus base fertilizer of 300 kg/mu, and then the land is arranged into ridges with the row spacing of 1.8m, the upper width of 1.2m, the bottom width of 1.5m, the ridge height of 0.6m and the furrow width of 0.3m for the purpose of transplanting seedlings.

(3) Planting seedlings;

healthy seedlings with thick stems and dark green leaves are selected to be planted on a prepared planting land according to the plant-row spacing of 30-50cm, the single-plant transplanting and deep planting are carried out in rows, and the planting quantity per mu is controlled to be 800-1200. And (5) watering enough root fixing water.

Before transplanting, the seedlings are soaked in a special soaking solution for 2-3h, and then are drained to be planted. The components of the soak solution are as follows: 1-3 parts of potassium permanganate, 10-20 parts of acetic acid, 10-20 parts of sucrose, 0.1-0.3 part of salicylic acid, 10-30 parts of ethanol and 900-950 parts of purified water.

(4) Planting management;

a. b, vine preparation: transplanting for one month, inserting a hedge in each root when the seedlings of the kudzu vine grow to 50-60cm, simultaneously guiding vines to form hedges, picking off lateral buds, removing lateral branches when the seedlings of the kudzu vine grow to 80cm, picking off terminal buds when the seedlings of the kudzu vine grow to 140cm, and picking off new buds every 15-20 days;

b. whole kudzu vine root: when the underground root tuber grows to 2-3cm, pruning roots and remaining kudzu vine in the morning or evening of sunny day, and then covering soil. The process is carried out again after one month, and the fibrous root and the hyperplastic tuberous root on the tuberous root are cut off.

c. Pruning: after the main vines exceed 2m, terminal buds are removed to promote growth.

d. And (3) pest control: during the planting period of the kudzu roots, attention is paid to pest control, agricultural, biological and chemical combined control is adopted, field management is enhanced through agricultural control, ventilation and light transmission are paid to fields, plant diseases and insects are removed in time, the land is turned deeply by more than 50cm in time after harvesting, the diseases and the insects are killed through solarization, insect sex pheromone is used for biological control to interfere mating and trapping of the insects, and pyraclostrobin, mancozeb, imidacloprid, abamectin and the like are sprayed for chemical control, so that the control is mainly realized, and the comprehensive control is realized.

(5) Fertilizing management;

a. and (3) compound fertilizer application: after the root tuber of the kudzu vine root is partially formed, applying 20-30kg of compound fertilizer per mu, wherein N in the compound fertilizer is: p is₂O₅：K₂The weight ratio of O is 15: 10: 20.

b. spraying a selenium-rich special fertilizer: and spraying the selenium-rich special fertilizer for the first time in 6-7 months of pruning and root thinning for the pueraria lobata, wherein the dosage is 250-300 mL/mu, spraying the selenium-rich special fertilizer for the second time in 8-9 months of rapid increase of the pueraria lobata tuber, the dosage is 400-600 mL/mu, and spraying the selenium-rich special fertilizer for the third time in 10 months, and the dosage is 200-300 mL/mu. When in application, the special selenium-rich fertilizer is diluted by 250-fold and 500-fold by adding water and then is sprayed.

Preferably, the special selenium-rich fertilizer comprises, by mass, 500 parts of liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon 300-.

Preferably, the liquid organic carbon has an amino acid content of not less than 25% relative to the molecular mass of less than 500, and the small water-soluble organic substance in the liquid organic carbon comprises lysine, threonine and at least 1 of aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, arginine, proline and the like.

Preferably, the medium trace elements comprise 5-20 parts of boric acid, 10-20 parts of EDTA calcium, 2-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5-10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10-20 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.5-2 parts of manganese sulfate and 0.5-2 parts of copper sulfate.

(6) And (6) harvesting.

The harvest can be started after the green of the kudzu leaves is reduced to yellow after the amount of the kudzu leaves exceeds five.

Example 1

a. Preparation of seedbed

Black soil for seedbeds: b, biological organic fertilizer: fine sand is 1:1: 1.

Preferably, the organic matter of the biological organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 40 percent, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 2000 ten thousand per gram.

b. Cuttage

Selecting a kudzu vine root variety with good potato shape, high yield and strong disease resistance, selecting a stout middle stem node for planting during harvesting, cutting the kudzu vine root node into rattans with the length of 10cm before transplanting, inserting the rattans into a seedling culture land for cultivation according to the specification of 10 multiplied by 10cm, and preparing for transplanting when sprouts grow to 5 cm;

c. dripping and root fixing liquid

After cutting, the rooting solution is sprayed, the relative humidity of the soil on the ridge surface is kept about 50%, and the soil is cultured for 2-3 months and then can be transplanted into a planting forest land. The rooting solution is as follows: 6-BA0.5mg/L, NAA0.05mg/L, 1g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 2g/L of urea and 1g/L of micromolecule water-soluble organic carbon.

(2) Land preparation;

a. land selection

And (4) selecting a land with better conditions for planting. Selecting humus sandy loam which is fertile and loose in soil, has a soil layer depth of 80cm and good drainage, has a soil pH value of 6.5, has water source guarantee every 3-5 months and illuminates a land block with sufficient resources.

b. Preparation of base fertilizer

And (3) ploughing and applying 300 kg/mu of base fertilizer in combination with soil, and then arranging the soil into ridges with the row spacing of 1.8m, the upper width of 1.2m, the bottom width of 1.5m, the ridge height of 0.6m and the furrow width of 0.3m for seedling transplanting.

(3) Planting seedlings;

healthy seedlings with thick stems and dark green leaves are selected to be planted on a prepared planting land according to the plant-row spacing of 30-50cm, the single-plant transplanting and deep planting are carried out in rows, and the planting quantity per mu is controlled to be 800-1200 plants. Pouring enough root fixing water.

Before transplanting, the seedlings are soaked in a special soaking solution for 2 hours, and then drained to be planted. The components of the soak solution are as follows: 3 parts of potassium permanganate, 10 parts of acetic acid, 20 parts of sucrose, 0.1 part of salicylic acid, 30 parts of ethanol and 950 parts of purified water.

(4) Planting management;

a. and (3) vine straightening: transplanting for one month, inserting a hedge in each root when the seedlings of the kudzuvine grow to 60cm, simultaneously guiding vines to form hedges, picking off lateral buds, removing lateral branches when the seedlings of the kudzuvine grow to 80cm, picking off terminal buds when the seedlings of the kudzuvine grow to 140cm, and picking off new buds every 15 days;

b. whole kudzu vine root: when the underground root grows to 3cm, pruning and remaining the root in the morning or evening of sunny day. And then covering soil. The process is carried out again after one month, and the fibrous root and the hyperplastic tuberous root on the tuberous root are cut off.

c. Pruning: after the main vines exceed 2m, terminal buds are picked off to promote growth.

(5) Fertilizing management;

a. compound fertilizer application: after the root tuber of the kudzu vine root is grown, applying 30kg of compound fertilizer per mu, wherein N in the compound fertilizer is: p₂O₅：K₂The weight ratio of O is 15: 10: 20.

b. spraying a selenium-rich special fertilizer: and (3) carrying out first selenium-rich special fertilizer spraying at the dosage of 250 mL/mu in 6-7 months of pruning and root thinning in the planting of the kudzuvine roots, carrying out second selenium-rich special fertilizer spraying at the dosage of 600 mL/mu in 8-9 months of rapid increase of the kudzuvine roots, and carrying out third selenium-rich special fertilizer spraying at the dosage of 200mL/L in 10 months. When in application, the special fertilizer rich in selenium is diluted by 250 times by adding water and then is sprayed.

Preferably, the selenium-rich special fertilizer comprises, by mass, 500 parts of liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon, 100 parts of fulvic acid, 20 parts of sodium selenite, 50 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 100 parts of urea or ammonium nitrate phosphorus and 50 parts of medium trace elements.

Preferably, the medium trace elements comprise 20 parts of boric acid, 10 parts of EDTA calcium, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of manganese sulfate and 0.5 part of copper sulfate.

(6) And (6) harvesting.

The appearance diagram of the selenium-rich radix puerariae harvested by the cultivation method is shown in figure 1, and as can be seen from figure 1, the selenium-rich radix puerariae is full in shape, high in quality and high in yield.

Example 2

(1) Raising seedlings of seeds;

a. seedbed preparation

b. Cutting

Selecting a kudzu vine root variety with good potato shape, high yield and strong disease resistance, selecting a stout middle stem node for planting during harvesting, cutting the kudzu vine root node into rattans with the length of 15cm before transplanting, inserting the rattans into a seedling culture land for cultivation according to the specification of 10 multiplied by 10cm, and preparing for transplanting when sprouts grow to 3 cm;

c. dripping and root fixing liquid

After cutting, the rooting solution is sprayed, the relative humidity of the soil on the ridge surface is kept about 50%, and the soil is cultured for 2-3 months and then can be transplanted into a planting forest land. The rooting solution is as follows: 6-BA0.3mg/L, NAA0.2mg/L, 5g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1g/L urea and 2g/L micromolecule water-soluble organic carbon.

(2) Land preparation;

a. land selection

And (4) selecting a land with better conditions for planting. Selecting humus sandy loam which is fertile and loose in soil, has a soil layer depth of 80cm and good drainage, has a soil pH value of 8, ensures water source in 3-5 months every year and has sufficient illumination resources.

b. Preparation of base fertilizer

(3) Planting seedlings;

healthy seedlings with thick and strong stems and dark green leaves are selected to be planted on a prepared planting land according to the row spacing of 30cm, single-plant transplanting and deep planting are carried out in each row, and the planting quantity per mu is controlled to be 1200 plants. And (5) watering enough root fixing water.

Before transplanting, the seedlings are soaked in a special soaking solution for 3 hours, and then are drained to be planted. The components of the soak solution are as follows: 3 parts of potassium permanganate, 10 parts of acetic acid, 20 parts of sucrose, 0.3 part of salicylic acid, 10 parts of ethanol and 900 parts of purified water.

(4) Planting management;

a. and (3) vine straightening: transplanting for one month, when the seedlings of the kudzuvine grow to 50cm, inserting a hedge into each root, simultaneously guiding vines to form hedges, removing lateral buds, when the seedlings of the kudzuvine grow to 80cm, removing lateral branches, when the seedlings grow to 140cm, removing terminal buds, and simultaneously removing new buds every 20 days;

b. whole kudzu vine root: when the underground root tuber grows to 3cm, pruning roots and remaining kudzu vine in the morning or evening of sunny days, and then covering soil. The process is carried out again after one month, and the fibrous root and the hyperplastic tuberous root on the tuberous root are cut off.

(5) Fertilizing management;

a. and (3) compound fertilizer application: after the root tuber of the kudzu vine root is grown, applying 20kg of compound fertilizer per mu, wherein N in the compound fertilizer is: p₂O₅：K₂The weight ratio of O is 15: 10: 20.

b. spraying a selenium-rich special fertilizer: and (3) carrying out first selenium-rich special fertilizer spraying in the 6-7 months of pruning and root thinning in the kudzu root, wherein the dosage is 300 mL/mu, carrying out second selenium-rich special fertilizer spraying in the 8-9 months of rapid increase of the kudzu root tuber, the dosage is 400 mL/mu, and carrying out third selenium-rich special fertilizer spraying in the 10 months, wherein the dosage is 300 mL/L. When in application, the special fertilizer rich in selenium is diluted by 500 times by adding water and then is sprayed.

Preferably, the special selenium-rich fertilizer comprises 300 parts by mass of liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon, 200 parts by mass of fulvic acid, 20 parts by mass of sodium selenite, 50 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts by mass of urea or ammonium nitrate phosphorus and 50 parts by mass of medium trace elements.

Preferably, the content of amino acids with a relative molecular mass below 500 in the liquid organic carbon is not less than 25%, and the small molecule water-soluble organic substance in the liquid organic carbon comprises lysine, threonine and at least 1 of aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, arginine, proline, etc.

Preferably, the medium trace elements comprise 20 parts of boric acid, 20 parts of EDTA calcium, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 20 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 2 parts of manganese sulfate and 0.5 part of copper sulfate.

(6) And (6) harvesting.

Example 3

(1) Raising seedlings of seeds;

a. seedbed preparation

Black soil for seedbeds: b, biological organic fertilizer: fine sand is 1:1: 1.

b. Cutting

Selecting a kudzu vine root variety with good potato shape, high yield and strong disease resistance, selecting a stout middle stem node for planting during harvesting, cutting the kudzu vine root node into canes with the length of 12cm before transplanting, inserting the canes into a seedling culture land for cultivation according to the specification of 10 multiplied by 10cm, and preparing for transplanting when the sprouts grow to 4 cm;

c. dripping and root fixing liquid

After cutting, the rooting solution is sprayed, the relative humidity of the soil on the ridge surface is kept about 50%, and the soil is cultured for 2-3 months and then can be transplanted into a planting forest land. The rooting solution is as follows: 6-BA0.4mg/L, NAA0.1mg/L, 2.5g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5g/L urea and 1.5g/L micromolecule water-soluble organic carbon.

(2) Land preparation;

a. land selection

And (4) selecting a land with better conditions for planting. Selecting humus sandy loam which is fertile and loose in soil, has a soil layer depth of 80cm and good drainage, has a soil pH value of 7, ensures water source in 3-5 months every year and has sufficient illumination resources.

b. Base fertilizer soil preparation

And (3) ploughing and applying 250kg of base fertilizer per mu in combination with soil, and then arranging the soil into ridges with the row spacing of 1.8m, the upper width of 1.2m, the bottom width of 1.5m, the ridge height of 0.6m and the furrow width of 0.3m for seedling transplanting.

(3) Planting seedlings;

healthy seedlings with thick and strong stems and dark green leaves are selected to be planted on a prepared planting land according to the row spacing of 40cm, single-plant transplanting and deep planting are carried out in each row, and the planting quantity per mu is controlled to be 1000 plants. And (5) watering enough root fixing water.

Before transplanting, the seedlings are soaked in a special soaking solution for 2.5 hours, and then drained to be planted. The components of the soak solution are as follows: 2 parts of potassium permanganate, 15 parts of acetic acid, 15 parts of sucrose, 0.2 part of salicylic acid, 20 parts of ethanol and 930 parts of purified water.

(4) Planting management;

a. and (3) vine straightening: transplanting for one month, inserting a hedge in each root when the seedlings of the kudzu vine grow to 55cm, simultaneously guiding vines to form hedges, picking off lateral buds, removing lateral branches when the seedlings of the kudzu vine grow to 80cm, picking off terminal buds when the seedlings of the kudzu vine grow to 140cm, and picking off new buds every 18 days;

b. whole kudzu vine root: when underground root tuber grows to 2.5cm, pruning roots and remaining kudzuvine roots in the morning or evening of sunny days, and then covering soil. The process is carried out again after one month, and the fibrous root and the hyperplastic tuberous root on the tuberous root are cut off.

d. And (3) pest control: during the planting of the kudzuvine roots, the pest and disease damage is controlled by paying attention to the control, agricultural, biological and chemical combined control is adopted, the field management is strengthened by the agricultural control, the ventilation and light transmission are carried out in the field, the plant of the pest and disease is removed in time, the soil is turned more than 50cm deep in time after the harvest, the pest and disease are killed by solarization, the mating and trapping of the insect are interfered by using insect sex pheromone by the biological control, and the control is mainly carried out by spraying pyraclostrobin, mancozeb, imidacloprid, abamectin and the like by the chemical control, so that the comprehensive control is realized.

(5) Fertilizing management;

a. and (3) compound fertilizer application: after the root tuber of the kudzu vine root is grown, applying 25kg of compound fertilizer per mu, wherein N in the compound fertilizer is: p₂O₅：K₂The weight ratio of O is 15: 10: 20.

b. spraying a selenium-rich special fertilizer: and (3) carrying out first selenium-rich special fertilizer spraying at the dosage of 250 mL/mu in 6-7 months of pruning and root thinning in the planting of the kudzuvine roots, carrying out second selenium-rich special fertilizer spraying at the dosage of 500 mL/mu in 8-9 months of rapid increase of the kudzuvine roots, and carrying out third selenium-rich special fertilizer spraying at the dosage of 250mL/L in 10 months. When in application, the special fertilizer rich in selenium is diluted by 400 times by adding water and then is sprayed.

Preferably, the special selenium-rich fertilizer comprises 400 parts by mass of liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon, 150 parts by mass of fulvic acid, 18 parts by mass of sodium selenite, 75 parts by mass of monopotassium phosphate, 50 parts by mass of urea or ammonium nitrate phosphorus and 40 parts by mass of medium trace elements.

Preferably, the medium trace elements comprise 10 parts of boric acid, 15 parts of EDTA calcium, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.75 part of ammonium molybdate, 1 part of manganese sulfate and 1 part of copper sulfate.

(6) And (6) harvesting.

Comparative example 1

Treatment and planting were performed in the same manner as in example 2. The difference lies in that: (1) raising seedlings of seeds; a. organic matters of the bio-organic fertilizer in the preparation of the seedbed are more than or equal to 40 percent, bacteria are not contained, and the root fixing solution is not leached; (2) planting seedlings, wherein the seedlings are not soaked in a soaking solution before transplanting; (3) the selenium-rich fertilizer is only sprayed with sodium selenite once with the content of 1.38 percent, diluted by 400 times and sprayed with 1 kg/mu.

Comparative example 2

Similar to the procedure of example 1, except that: the selenium content in the special selenium-rich fertilizer is 10 parts, and the result shows that the selenium content of root roots is only 0.012mg/kg, which is far lower than that of the fertilizer in the embodiment 1.

Comparative example 3

Similar to the procedure of example 1, except that: the content of ferrous sulfate in the special selenium-rich fertilizer is 3 parts, so that the content of the iron in the kudzuvine roots is only 60.21mg/kg, which is far lower than that in the embodiment 1.

Comparative example 4

Similar to the procedure of example 1, except that: the content of zinc sulfate in the selenium-rich special fertilizer is 5 parts, so that the content of zinc in the radix puerariae is only 17.03mg/kg, which is far lower than that in the embodiment 1.

Comparing the kudzu roots treated and planted in the examples 1-3 and the comparative example 1, the test results are as follows:

(1) improving the selenium content in the kudzuvine root.

TABLE 1 selenium content and absorption rate in radix Puerariae treated with different fertilizers

Treatment of	Selenium content (mg/kg)
		Ordinary selenium-free fertilizer for peasant households	Not detected (detection limit 0.006mg/kg)
Comparative example 1	0.016±0.0028
		Example 1	0.038±0.0016
Example 2	0.042±0.0018
		Example 3	0.036±0.0013

As shown in Table 1, the selenium content of the harvested kudzu roots treated by the fertilizer according to the embodiment is increased by 141.67% compared with that of the kudzu roots treated by the comparative example, so that the selenium content of the kudzu roots is increased.

(2) Can resist diseases.

TABLE 2 incidence of different treatments of Pueraria lobata

Treatment of	Incidence (%)
		Ordinary selenium-free fertilizer for peasant households	31.36±4.38
Comparative example 1	26.35±4.28
		Example 1	18.26±2.02
Example 2	15.36±1.68
		Example 3	14.26±1.05

As shown in Table 2, the incidence of the kudzu roots treated by the fertilizer in the embodiment is reduced by 49.11% in harvest compared with the incidence of the kudzu roots not treated by the selenium fertilizer, the rice yield of the kudzu roots is reduced by 39.43% compared with the kudzu roots treated by the comparative example, and the effect of reducing the incidence of the kudzu roots in the planting process is remarkable.

(3) And (5) increasing the yield.

TABLE 3 different treatment of the kudzu root yields

Treatment of	Stem diameter (mm)	Yield (kg/mu)
			Ordinary selenium-free fertilizer for peasant households	10.36±1.01	1836.25
Comparative example 1	10.65±0.89	1936.54
			Example 1	11.36±1.12	2256.32
Example 2	11.93±0.86	2150.63
			Example 3	12.13±1.61	2236.26

As shown in Table 3, the stem thickness of the kudzu roots treated by the fertilizer according to the embodiment is increased by 13.96% compared with the kudzu root treated by the conventional fertilizer of farmers, and the yield is increased by 20.59%; compared with the kudzu vine root and kudzu vine stem processed by the comparative example, the thickness of the kudzu vine root and kudzu vine stem is increased by 10.89%, and the yield is increased by 14.35%.

(4) The quality is improved.

TABLE 4 different treatment of kudzu root quality

Treatment of	Total sugar (g/kg)	Soluble protein (g/kg)	Zn(mg/kg)	Fe(mg/kg)
					Ordinary selenium-free fertilizer for peasant households	8.29±1.01	18.54±1.35	16.61±1.53	56.97±4.36
Comparative example 1	8.56±0.68	20.69±1.58	18.02±2.01	62.84±8.63
					Example 1	9.13±0.62	24.86±1.96	20.26±1.82	82.36±5.86
Example 2	9.26±0.68	24.68±2.06	21.38±2.12	86.32±6.21
					Example 3	9.53±0.82	25.36±2.62	21.45.±1.24	84.36±7.21

As shown in Table 4, according to the kudzu root treated by the fertilizer in the embodiment, the total sugar of the kudzu root is increased by 12.31 percent, the soluble protein is increased by 34.68 percent, and the zinc content is increased by 16.70 percent compared with the kudzu root treated by the conventional fertilizer of farmers; the iron content is increased by 48.10 percent; compared with the kudzu root and kudzu root total sugar processed by the comparative example, the kudzu root and kudzu root total sugar is increased by 8.76 percent, the soluble protein is increased by 20.69 percent, and the zinc content is increased by 26.61 percent; the iron content increased by 34.26%. The effect of improving functional nutrient substances and trace elements is obvious.

Comparing the pueraria processed and planted in the embodiment and the comparative example, the following conclusion can be obtained:

(1) the yield of the kudzuvine root is improved, and high and stable yield is achieved;

(2) the disease resistance and insect resistance in the kudzu root planting process are improved;

(3) the selenium enrichment purpose is achieved, and meanwhile, the content of other functional nutrient substances of the kudzuvine root is improved;

(4) the planting technology is combined with the selenium-rich special fertilizer, so that the effects of high yield, disease resistance, selenium enrichment and labor saving are achieved.

In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a selenium-rich fertilizer special for radix puerariae and a fertilizing method for the radix puerariae. The method is adopted in a proper growth period, and the planting mode is adjusted to be suitable for the absorption of selenium-rich fertilizer by the kudzuvine root; meanwhile, the selenium content is optimized by matching with the special selenium-rich liquid fertilizer, the selenium-rich liquid fertilizer is effectively chelated with micromolecular functional amino acid, and the absorption conversion and the utilization rate of the selenium are improved; meanwhile, the contents of trace elements and functional nutrient substances are improved while the radix puerariae is rich in selenium through overall operation; by strictly managing the planting base and reasonably arranging, the diseases and insect pests in the kudzu root planting process are also controlled, the yield is ensured, the combination of high yield, quality improvement and disease and insect resistance is achieved, the investment of farmers is reduced, and the output of unit land is increased.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The special selenium-rich fertilizer for the kudzuvine roots is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 500 portions of liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon 300-.

2. The selenium-rich special fertilizer for kudzu roots according to claim 1, wherein the content of amino acids with the relative molecular mass of less than 500 in the liquid water-soluble micromolecular organic carbon is not less than 25%.

3. The selenium-rich special fertilizer for kudzuvine root as claimed in claim 1, wherein the small molecule water-soluble organic substance in the liquid water-soluble small molecule organic carbon comprises lysine, threonine and at least one of aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, arginine and proline.

4. The selenium-rich special fertilizer for kudzu roots according to claim 1, wherein the medium trace elements comprise 5-20 parts of boric acid, 10-20 parts of EDTA calcium, 2-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5-10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10-20 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.5-2 parts of manganese sulfate and 0.5-2 parts of copper sulfate.

5. A fertilization method of radix puerariae is characterized in that the radix puerariae selenium-rich special fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 is used for fertilizing the radix puerariae.

6. Fertilizing method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

spraying the selenium-rich fertilizer special for kudzu roots for the first time in 6-7 months after pruning and root thinning are carried out on the kudzu roots;

spraying the selenium-rich special fertilizer for the kudzu roots for the second time in 8-9 months after the kudzu tubers are rapidly enlarged;

and spraying the selenium-rich fertilizer for the radix puerariae for the third time in 10 months when the radix puerariae is mature.

7. The fertilization method of claim 6, wherein the ratio of N: p₂O₅：K₂The weight ratio of O is 15: 10: 20.

8. the fertilization method of claim 7, wherein 20-30kg of the compound fertilizer is applied per mu of the kudzu trees.

9. The fertilizing method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the special fertilizer rich in selenium is diluted with water by 500 times and then sprayed.

10. The fertilizing method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the amount of the selenium-rich fertilizer for kudzu is sprayed for the first time is 250-300 mL/mu, the amount of the selenium-rich fertilizer for kudzu is sprayed for the second time is 400-600 mL/mu, and the amount of the selenium-rich fertilizer for kudzu is sprayed for kudzu is 200-300 mL/mu.