CN114711088A - High-altitude natural cultivation method for morchella esculenta - Google Patents

High-altitude natural cultivation method for morchella esculenta Download PDF

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CN114711088A
CN114711088A CN202210389303.1A CN202210389303A CN114711088A CN 114711088 A CN114711088 A CN 114711088A CN 202210389303 A CN202210389303 A CN 202210389303A CN 114711088 A CN114711088 A CN 114711088A
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morchella
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soil
culture medium
cultivation method
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闫猛
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Gongshan Dingsheng Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wild morchella planting, in particular to a natural cultivation method of morchella at high altitude. The natural cultivation method of the high-altitude morchella comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out isolation culture on the morchella; s2 selecting sclerotium and inoculating to mother culture medium; s3 inoculating to the culture medium of cultivated species to obtain cultivated species; s4, turning the soil and making ridges; s5, sowing the seeds after soaking, and covering humus soil; s6, planting and managing, namely placing a nutrition bag, and cutting an opening of the nutrition bag to ensure that hyphae germinate in soil; s7, fruiting management, wherein the humidity of the growing environment is controlled, the growth of young mushrooms to maturity needs 10-20 days after the young mushrooms are formed, and the period is mainly moisture preservation; s8, harvesting to obtain the mature morchella. Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a natural cultivation method of high-altitude morchella, which can improve the morchella yield in high-altitude areas and shorten the growth cycle.

Description

Natural cultivation method of high-altitude morchella
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wild morchella planting, in particular to a natural cultivation method of high-altitude morchella.
Background
Morchella is a wild precious fungus, so called Morchella, because its pileus has uneven surface and is like Morchella. It is widely distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Tibet, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Shanxi, Jilin and Jiangsu. The toadstool is quite rich in nutrition, the cap part of the toadstool contains 7 amino acids which are necessary for human bodies, namely isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and valine, and also contains vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, carnitin, biotin and folic acid vitamin. The morchella has the effects of nourishing brain, refreshing, tonifying kidney, strengthening yang and the like, has higher nutritive value and delicious taste, is beneficial to intestines and stomach, can effectively treat indigestion, excessive phlegm, short breath and other diseases, and has unique health-care effect. In recent years, the artificial cultivation area is continuously expanded, but the cultivation technology is not complete, particularly the strain separation technology has a success rate of less than 10%, and wild morchella is affected by conditions such as geography, environment and climate, so that the wild morchella is only once a year and is difficult to collect, the yield is low, and the price is quite high.
Currently, toadstool planting in high altitude areas mainly faces three problems: firstly, the strain degenerates to influence the yield of the morchella; secondly, the temperature difference is large, the humidity is low, the management difficulty of the young mushrooms is large, and the fruiting rate of the morchella is low in a high altitude area.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a natural cultivation method of high-altitude morchella, which can improve the morchella yield in high-altitude areas and shorten the growth cycle.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a natural cultivation method of high-altitude morchella is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting healthy wild morchella without diseases and insect pests, and carrying out isolated culture within 2-4 hours after picking;
s2), inoculating the morchella to a test tube with a culture medium under an aseptic condition for culture; when hyphae grow in the test tube and sclerotium grows out, selecting the sclerotium with the diameter larger than 1cm, and inoculating the sclerotium or bottom hyphae into a mother culture medium;
s3), inoculating the morchella mother strain obtained in the step S2 into a culture medium of a cultivated species for culture, and obtaining the cultivated species after the hypha on the culture medium of the cultivated species overgrows;
s4), selecting 8-15 years old larch forest land as a cultivation land, turning over the land, making furrows, and arranging and flattening the furrows; mixing the growth-promoting matrix with the soil on the surface layer of the ridge bed, and then scattering a layer of thin lime powder on the surface of the ridge bed for soil sterilization;
s5), the cultivated species obtained in the screening step S3 are put into a clean container after being kneaded and soaked for 10-20 min by monopotassium phosphate liquid with the mass concentration of 0.5-1%, seeding is carried out according to 0.15-0.4 kg/square meter, humus soil with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm is covered, atomized water is sprayed, mulching films are covered, and irregular holes are punched on the mulching films for ventilation;
s6), planting management, wherein the water content of the planting soil is kept at 60-65%, placing a nutrition bag in 10-15 days after mulching a mulching film, cutting an opening of the nutrition bag, aligning the cut opening to the soil on the ridge surface, and allowing hyphae to germinate in the soil for 20-35 days;
s7), fruiting management, controlling the humidity of the growing environment, supplementing growing nutrient materials for the cultivated species on time to be beneficial to the formation of young mushrooms, wherein the young mushrooms need 10-20 days after growing to be mature, and are mainly moisturized in the period;
s8), harvesting, wherein according to a harvesting standard, by observing that the length of a morchella cultivated body is 4-4.5 cm, the top of the morchella is dome-shaped, the bottom of the top is clear in veins, and the morchella is harvested after reaching the standard to obtain mature morchella.
The mother culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-45 parts of peeled potatoes, 15-25 parts of rice bran, 2-5 parts of glucose powder, 5-15 parts of corn flour, 5-20 parts of wheat flour, 3-8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-5 parts of agar, 0.8-2 parts of gibberellin, 0.2-0.5 part of cytokinin and 10-30 parts of water.
The culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of sawdust, 7-10 parts of wheat bran, 5-10 parts of decomposed soil, 1-3 parts of glucose, 0.6-2 parts of vinasse, 2-5 parts of bifidobacterium and 2-5 parts of bacillus.
The nutrition bag comprises 50% of wheat, 15% of plant ash, 10% of humus, 12% of straw powder, 3% of lime and the balance of water.
The growth promoting matrix comprises one or more of plant ash, compound fertilizer and humus.
The pH value of the larch woodland is 6.8-7.2, and the humidity is not lower than 60%.
In the step S3, the mother strains of morchella esculenta are cultured in the culture medium of the cultivar at the environment temperature of 10-20 ℃ and are cultured for 10-20 days in a dark place.
The invention solves the defects in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cultivation method can improve the yield of the morchella in high-altitude areas, the yield per mu reaches more than 310kg, the yield per mu can be improved by more than 20% compared with the traditional cultivation method, and the growth period is shortened by 5-8 days.
2. In order to obtain morchella mother strains with higher quality, tissue separation is adopted, mushroom meat is inoculated into a culture medium to obtain high-quality sclerotia, then two-part purification is adopted to culture the sclerotia in the mother strain culture medium to obtain mother strains, then the mother strains are placed into a culture medium for purification culture, higher-quality culture strains are obtained, and the yield of morchella can be improved.
3. The strain is obtained by culturing the mother strain culture medium and the cultivated strain culture medium which are configured in the growth process of the morchella esculenta, the uniform growth of the strain is ensured, the stability of the strain is kept, the capability of the strain for absorbing nutrients is improved, the capability of the strain for inhibiting harmful bacteria is improved, the strain is prevented from being damaged by the harmful bacteria during cultivation, and the later cultivation of the strain is facilitated.
4. In the planting management process, the mulching film is covered and the nutrition bag is placed, so that the mulching film provides a warm and wet planting environment, growth of morchella is facilitated, growth of sclerotia and sporocarp of morchella can be promoted, and the growth period is shortened.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A natural cultivation method of high-altitude morchella is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting healthy wild morchella without diseases and insect pests, and carrying out isolated culture within 2-4 hours after picking;
s2), inoculating the selected morchella to a test tube with a culture medium under an aseptic condition for culture; when hyphae grow in the test tube and sclerotium grows out, selecting the sclerotium with the diameter larger than 1cm, and inoculating the sclerotium or bottom hyphae into a mother culture medium; the mother culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of peeled potato, 20 parts of rice bran, 3 parts of glucose powder, 10 parts of corn flour, 12 parts of wheat flour, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of agar, 1.2 parts of gibberellin, 0.3 part of cytokinin and 15 parts of water.
S3), inoculating the morchella mother strain obtained in the step S2 into a cultivar culture medium for culture, and obtaining a cultivar after hypha on the cultivar culture medium overgrows; the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of sawdust, 8 parts of wheat bran, 7 parts of decomposed soil, 2 parts of glucose, 1.3 parts of vinasse, 3 parts of bifidobacterium and 3 parts of bacillus. The mother strains of the morchella esculenta are cultured in a culture medium of a cultivar at the environment temperature of 10-20 ℃ and are cultured for 10-20 days in a dark place.
S4), selecting larch woodland for 8-15 years as a cultivation land, wherein the pH value of the larch woodland is 6.8-7.2, and the humidity is not lower than 60%. Then, turning over the land, making ridges, and arranging and flattening the ridges; mixing the growth-promoting matrix with the soil on the surface layer of the ridge bed, and then scattering a layer of thin lime powder on the surface of the ridge bed for soil sterilization; the growth promoting matrix comprises plant ash, compound fertilizer and humus.
S5), the cultivated species obtained in the screening step S3 are put into a clean container after being kneaded and soaked for 10-20 min by monopotassium phosphate liquid with the mass concentration of 0.5-1%, seeding is carried out according to 0.15-0.4 kg/square meter, humus soil with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm is covered, atomized water is sprayed, mulching films are covered, and irregular holes are punched on the mulching films for ventilation;
s6), planting management, wherein the water content of planting soil is kept at 60-65%, a nutrition bag is placed on the 10 th-15 th day after mulching films are covered, an opening is cut in the nutrition bag, the cut opening is aligned with soil on the ridge surface, and hyphae germinate in the soil for 20-35 days; the nutrition bag comprises 50% of wheat, 15% of plant ash, 10% of humus, 12% of straw powder, 3% of lime and the balance of water.
S7), fruiting management, controlling the humidity of the growing environment, supplementing growing nutrient materials for the cultivated species on time to be beneficial to the formation of young mushrooms, wherein the young mushrooms need 10-20 days after growing to be mature, and are mainly moisturized in the period;
s8), harvesting, according to the harvesting standard, by observing that the length of a morchella cultivated body is 4-4.5 cm, the top of the morchella is dome-shaped, the bottom of the top is clear in veins, and harvesting is carried out up to the standard, so that mature morchella is obtained, the average yield per mu is 330.5kg, and the average period from sowing to fruiting is 45.3 days.
The implementation process of the invention is as follows: in order to obtain morchella mother strains with higher quality, tissue separation is adopted, mushroom meat is inoculated into a culture medium to obtain high-quality sclerotia, then two-part purification is adopted to culture the sclerotia in the mother strain culture medium to obtain mother strains, then the mother strains are placed into a culture medium for purification culture, higher-quality culture strains are obtained, and the yield of morchella can be improved. The strain is obtained by culturing the mother strain culture medium and the cultivated strain culture medium which are configured in the growth process of the morchella esculenta, the uniform growth of the strain is ensured, the stability of the strain is kept, the capability of the strain for absorbing nutrients is improved, the capability of the strain for inhibiting harmful bacteria is improved, the strain is prevented from being damaged by the harmful bacteria during cultivation, and the later cultivation of the strain is facilitated. In addition, the influence of the planting environment on crops is not considered too much in the traditional cultivation method, the morchella belongs to the biological strains which like yin and moisture, and the conventional method is only to build a sun-proof net in a planting place, and the sun-proof net is blown and dried by the sun for a long time, so that the conditions of abnormal use and the like caused by air drying can occur. The method selects 8-15 years old larch forest land as the cultivation land, and utilizes a natural shielding screen formed by leaves and branches of pine trees for shielding. In winter, fallen leaves have the effects of heat preservation and moisture preservation, so that the humidity is ensured, and the damage of direct sunlight to strains is avoided; the nutrients required in the planting process are all from soil under the pine forest, and the growth mode of wild morchella is simulated. By improving the land, adding lime powder for sterilization and promoting growth of the substrate, excellent growth conditions are provided for the morchella. In the planting management process, the mulching film is covered and the nutrition bag is placed, so that the mulching film provides a warm and wet planting environment, growth of morchella is facilitated, growth of sclerotia and sporocarp of morchella can be promoted, and the growth period is shortened. The cultivation method can improve the yield of the morchella esculenta in high-altitude areas, the yield per mu reaches over 310kg, the yield per mu can be improved by over 20 percent compared with the traditional cultivation method, the growth period is shortened by 5-8 days, and better economic benefit is obtained.
Example 2
A natural cultivation method of high-altitude morchella is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting healthy wild morchella without diseases and insect pests, and carrying out isolated culture within 2-4 hours after picking;
s2), inoculating the morchella to a test tube with a culture medium under an aseptic condition for culture; when hyphae grow in the test tube and sclerotium grows out, selecting the sclerotium with the diameter larger than 1cm, and inoculating the sclerotium or bottom hyphae into a mother culture medium; the components of the mother culture medium are as follows by weight: 20 parts of peeled potato, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of glucose powder, 5 parts of corn flour, 5 parts of wheat flour, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of agar, 0.8 part of gibberellin, 0.2 part of cytokinin and 10 parts of water.
S3), inoculating the morchella mother strain obtained in the step S2 into a culture medium of a cultivated species for culture, and obtaining the cultivated species after the hypha on the culture medium of the cultivated species overgrows; the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of sawdust, 7 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of decomposed soil, 1 part of glucose, 0.6 part of vinasse, 2 parts of bifidobacterium and 2 parts of bacillus. The mother strains of the morchella esculenta are cultured in a culture medium of a cultivar at the environment temperature of 10-20 ℃ and are cultured for 10-20 days in a dark place.
S4), selecting larch woodland for 8-15 years as a cultivation land, wherein the pH value of the larch woodland is 6.8-7.2, and the humidity is not lower than 60%. Then, turning over the land, making ridges, and arranging and flattening the ridges; mixing the growth-promoting matrix with the soil on the surface layer of the ridge bed, and then scattering a layer of thin lime powder on the surface of the ridge bed for soil sterilization; the growth promoting matrix comprises plant ash, compound fertilizer and humus.
S5), the cultivated species obtained in the screening step S3 are put into a clean container after being kneaded and soaked for 10-20 min by monopotassium phosphate liquid with the mass concentration of 0.5-1%, seeding is carried out according to 0.15-0.4 kg/square meter, humus soil with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm is covered, atomized water is sprayed, mulching films are covered, and irregular holes are punched on the mulching films for ventilation;
s6), planting management, keeping the water content of the planting soil at 60-65%, placing a nutrition bag on the 10 th-15 th day covered with a mulching film, cutting an opening of the nutrition bag, aligning the cutting opening to the soil on the ridge surface, and allowing hyphae to germinate in the soil for 20-35 days; the nutrition bag comprises 50% of wheat, 15% of plant ash, 10% of humus, 12% of straw powder, 3% of lime and the balance of water.
S7), fruiting management, controlling the humidity of the growing environment, supplementing growing nutrient materials for the cultivated species on time to be beneficial to the formation of young mushrooms, wherein the young mushrooms need 10-20 days after growing to be mature, and are mainly moisturized in the period;
s8), harvesting, according to the harvesting standard, by observing that the length of a morchella cultivated body is 4-4.5 cm, the top of the morchella is dome-shaped, the bottom of the top is clear in veins, and harvesting is carried out up to the standard, so that mature morchella is obtained, the average yield per mu is 310.2kg, and the average time from sowing to fruiting is 51.3 days.
Example 3
A natural cultivation method of high-altitude morchella is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting healthy wild morchella without diseases and insect pests, and carrying out isolated culture within 2-4 hours after picking;
s2), inoculating the morchella to a test tube with a culture medium under an aseptic condition for culture; when hyphae grow in the test tube and sclerotium grows out, selecting sclerotium with diameter larger than 1cm, and inoculating the sclerotium or bottom hyphae into a mother culture medium; the components of the mother culture medium are as follows by weight: 45 parts of peeled potato, 25 parts of rice bran, 5 parts of glucose powder, 15 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of wheat flour, 8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of agar, 2 parts of gibberellin, 0.5 part of cytokinin and 30 parts of water.
S3), inoculating the morchella mother strain obtained in the step S2 into a culture medium of a cultivated species for culture, and obtaining the cultivated species after the hypha on the culture medium of the cultivated species overgrows; the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of organic fertilizer, 20 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of decomposed soil, 3 parts of glucose, 2 parts of vinasse, 5 parts of bifidobacterium and 5 parts of bacillus. The mother strains of the morchella esculenta are cultured in a culture medium of a cultivar at the environment temperature of 10-20 ℃ and are cultured for 10-20 days in a dark place.
S4), selecting larch woodland for 8-15 years as a cultivation land, wherein the pH value of the larch woodland is 6.8-7.2, and the humidity is not lower than 60%. Then, turning over the land, making ridges, and arranging and flattening the ridges; mixing the growth-promoting matrix with the soil on the surface layer of the ridge bed, and then scattering a layer of thin lime powder on the surface of the ridge bed for soil sterilization; the growth promoting matrix comprises plant ash, compound fertilizer and humus.
S5), the cultivars obtained in the screening step S3 are put into a clean container after being kneaded, are soaked for 10-20 min by monopotassium phosphate liquid with the mass concentration of 0.5-1%, are sowed according to 0.15-0.4 kg/square meter, are covered with 0.5-2 cm of humus soil, are sprayed with mist water, are covered with mulching films, and are perforated with irregular holes for ventilation;
s6), planting management, keeping the water content of the planting soil at 60-65%, placing a nutrition bag on the 10 th-15 th day covered with a mulching film, cutting an opening of the nutrition bag, aligning the cutting opening to the soil on the ridge surface, and allowing hyphae to germinate in the soil for 20-35 days; the nutrition bag comprises 50% of wheat, 15% of plant ash, 10% of humus, 12% of straw powder, 3% of lime and the balance of water.
S7), fruiting management, controlling the humidity of the growing environment, supplementing growing nutrient materials for the cultivated species on time to be beneficial to the formation of young mushrooms, wherein the young mushrooms need 10-20 days after growing to be mature, and are mainly moisturized in the period;
s8), harvesting, according to the harvesting standard, by observing that the length of a morchella cultivated body is 4-4.5 cm, the top of the morchella is dome-shaped, the bottom of the top is clear in veins, and harvesting is carried out up to the standard, so that mature morchella is obtained, the average yield per mu is 315.2kg, and the average time from sowing to fruiting is 47.5 days.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (7)

1. A natural cultivation method for high-altitude morchella is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting healthy wild morchella without diseases and insect pests, and carrying out isolated culture within 2-4 hours after picking;
s2), inoculating the morchella to a test tube with a culture medium under an aseptic condition for culture; when hyphae grow in the test tube and sclerotium grows out, selecting the sclerotium with the diameter larger than 1cm, and inoculating the sclerotium or bottom hyphae into a mother culture medium;
s3), inoculating the morchella mother strain obtained in the step S2 into a culture medium of a cultivated species for culture, and obtaining the cultivated species after the hypha on the culture medium of the cultivated species overgrows;
s4), selecting 8-15 years old larch forest land as a cultivation land, turning over the land, making furrows, and arranging and flattening the furrows; mixing the growth-promoting matrix with the soil on the surface layer of the ridge bed, and then scattering a layer of thin lime powder on the surface of the ridge bed for soil sterilization;
s5), the cultivated species obtained in the screening step S3 are put into a clean container after being kneaded and soaked for 10-20 min by monopotassium phosphate liquid with the mass concentration of 0.5-1%, seeding is carried out according to 0.15-0.4 kg/square meter, humus soil with the thickness of 0.5-2 cm is covered, atomized water is sprayed, mulching films are covered, and irregular holes are punched on the mulching films for ventilation;
s6), planting management, wherein the water content of planting soil is kept at 60-65%, a nutrition bag is placed on the 10 th-15 th day after mulching films are covered, an opening is cut in the nutrition bag, the cut opening is aligned with soil on the ridge surface, and hyphae germinate in the soil for 20-35 days;
s7), fruiting management, controlling the humidity of the growing environment, supplementing growing nutrient materials for the cultivated species on time to be beneficial to the formation of young mushrooms, wherein the young mushrooms need 10-20 days to grow to be mature after being formed, and mainly keep moisture in the period;
s8), harvesting, wherein according to a harvesting standard, by observing that the length of a morchella cultivated body is 4-4.5 cm, the top of the morchella is dome-shaped, the bottom of the top is clear in veins, and the morchella is harvested after reaching the standard to obtain mature morchella.
2. The natural cultivation method of morchella esculenta at high altitude according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mother culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-45 parts of peeled potatoes, 15-25 parts of rice bran, 2-5 parts of glucose powder, 5-15 parts of corn flour, 5-20 parts of wheat flour, 3-8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-5 parts of agar, 0.8-2 parts of gibberellin, 0.2-0.5 part of cytokinin and 10-30 parts of water.
3. The natural cultivation method of morchella esculenta at high altitude according to claim 1, characterized in that: the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of sawdust, 7-10 parts of wheat bran, 5-10 parts of decomposed soil, 1-3 parts of glucose, 0.6-2 parts of vinasse, 2-5 parts of bifidobacterium and 2-5 parts of bacillus.
4. The natural cultivation method of morchella esculenta at high altitude according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nutrition bag comprises 50% of wheat, 15% of plant ash, 10% of humus, 12% of straw powder, 3% of lime and the balance of water.
5. The natural cultivation method of high-altitude morchella as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the growth promoting matrix comprises one or more of plant ash, compound fertilizer and humus.
6. The natural cultivation method of morchella esculenta at high altitude according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pH value of the larch woodland is 6.8-7.2, and the humidity is not lower than 60%.
7. The natural cultivation method of morchella esculenta at high altitude according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, the mother strains of morchella esculenta are cultured in the culture medium of the cultivar at the environment temperature of 10-20 ℃ and are cultured for 10-20 days in a dark place.
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