CN114671564A - Culture tail water treatment process in aquaculture process - Google Patents
Culture tail water treatment process in aquaculture process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114671564A CN114671564A CN202111512986.7A CN202111512986A CN114671564A CN 114671564 A CN114671564 A CN 114671564A CN 202111512986 A CN202111512986 A CN 202111512986A CN 114671564 A CN114671564 A CN 114671564A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a process for treating aquaculture tail water in an aquaculture process, which comprises the following steps: collecting tail water: after a greenhouse and a cellar pond are connected in series through a channel, tail water is collected into a pretreatment cellar; pretreatment: constructing a pretreatment subsystem, constructing a grating well, an adjusting cellar, a hydrolysis acidification cellar, a contact oxidation cellar and a disinfection cellar, and dividing four subarea functions of standing, aeration, composite strain and purification; standing: the standing cellar is arranged in a convenient and fast traffic place in a field area, and brushes are distributed in the cellar and hung on polyethylene ropes or stainless steel wires in a direction perpendicular to the incoming water direction; purifying: two rows of honeycomb block structures are adopted in the filter cellar to build an external structure, and the directions of honeycomb block holes are consistent with the water flow direction. The invention adopts chemical, physical and biological methods to ensure that the tail water reaches the standard and is discharged or recycled, and simultaneously, the tail water is organically combined with a corresponding aquaculture mode to achieve ecological harmony, thereby realizing the goal of promoting the quality improvement and the efficiency improvement of the industry by treating the tail water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a process for treating aquaculture tail water in an aquaculture process.
Background
The industrial breeding of the turtles is a new and unique breeding industry in China, tail water generated in the breeding process causes harm to surrounding water and ecological environment, the sustainable development of the industry is severely restricted, and the technical problem of breeding tail water treatment is urgently needed to be solved. At present, the combined process of an ecological ditch, an artificial wetland and the like and an anaerobic biogas fermentation technology are mainly adopted for the breeding tail water, but the efficient treatment technology aiming at the water quality characteristics of the turtle factory breeding tail water is quite lack, the problems of poor stability, poor operability, difficulty in standard discharge of water quality and the like generally exist, and the industrial sewage treatment technology has large investment and high operating cost for a breeding farm and is difficult to bear. Because the development and the engineering application of the prior art are disjointed, the effective participation of design units, production departments, matching units and users is lacked, the development cost is increased, the practicability, the advancement and the maturity of the technology are reduced, and the later-stage achievement transformation is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides a culture tail water treatment process in an aquaculture process.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
A culture tail water treatment process in an aquaculture process comprises the following steps:
collecting tail water: after a greenhouse and a cellar pond are connected in series through a channel, tail water is collected into a pretreatment cellar;
(II) pretreatment: constructing a pretreatment subsystem, constructing a grating well, an adjusting cellar, a hydrolysis acidification cellar, a contact oxidation cellar and a disinfection cellar, and dividing four subarea functions of standing, aeration, composite strain and purification;
(III) standing: the standing cellar is arranged at a convenient and fast traffic place in a field area, and wool-shaped structures are distributed in the cellar and are hung on polyethylene ropes or stainless steel wires in a direction vertical to the incoming water direction;
(IV) purifying: adopting two rows of honeycomb block structures to build an external structure in the filter cellar, keeping the direction of honeycomb block holes consistent with the water flow direction, and filling an adsorbing material in the filter cellar;
(V) ecological treatment: planting submerged plants and floating plants at the bottom of the cellar imitating the natural treatment cellar, planting emergent plants at the periphery, arranging an oxygen increasing facility in the middle, and breeding a certain amount of freshwater shrimps, silver carps, bighead carps and snails;
(VI) artificial purification: filling a high molecular material in the purification cellar, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the surface in the cellar;
(seventh) aeration: an aeration disc or a micropore aeration pipe is laid in the aeration cellar, and an isolation layer is laid at the bottom of the cellar;
And (eighthly), the culture tail water is treated and then discharged after reaching the standard or recycled.
Preferably, the channel in the step (one) is planted with aquatic plants for primary purification of water quality and decomposition of oxidation pollutants and laid with filler for primary purification.
Preferably, the area of the standing cellar in the step (three) is 1/15-1/20 of the area of the whole farm.
Preferably, the arrangement density of the brushes in the step (III) is 10-15 m per brush.
Preferably, the interval between two rows of honeycomb blocks in the step (four) is not less than 2 m.
Preferably, the adsorbing material in the step (IV) can be in a block shape, the block shape can be a regular or irregular shape, and the specific application can be ceramic beads or volcanic rocks.
Preferably, an S-shaped filter screen hanging film is further arranged in the nature-imitated treatment cellar in the step (five).
Preferably, the polymer material in the step (six) is stone or magnetic beads with different particle sizes.
Preferably, the proportioning area of the emergent aquatic plants in the purifying cellar in the step (six) is not lower than 1/50 of the culture water surface.
Preferably, the insulation layer at the bottom of the aeration cellar in the step (seven) is a geomembrane.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, by constructing a multi-stage ecological circulating system of 'greenhouse + outer pond + special variety cellar and pond wastewater pretreatment subsystem → standing → primary purification → filter screen S circulation → secondary purification → tertiary purification → aeration disinfection → cultivation cellar pond + green planting and breeding of rice and fish → standing', tail water is discharged or recycled after reaching standards by adopting chemical, physical and biological methods, and meanwhile, ecological harmony is achieved by being organically combined with a corresponding aquaculture mode, and the goal of promoting industrial quality improvement and efficiency improvement by tail water treatment is realized.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the embodiment.
A culture tail water treatment process in an aquaculture process comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the requirements of fresh water cellar pond culture water discharge (SC/T9101-2007) and revisions and related mandatory requirements thereof, targeted and integrated researches are carried out on the conditions of greenhouse industrial culture, cellar pond culture and other forms of culture spaces and water bodies, and the treatment process scheme route of tail water standard discharge bioengineering is optimally formulated and designed.
(2) In pollution concentration areas such as culture concentration areas, facility culture bases and the like, construction of related supporting facilities including a standing cellar, a purification treatment cellar, a surface flow artificial wetland and the like is gradually developed according to an aquaculture tail water treatment process.
(3) The method comprises the steps of constructing a greenhouse + outer pond + cellar pond wastewater pretreatment subsystem → standing → primary purification → filter screen S circulation → secondary purification → tertiary purification → aeration disinfection → breeding cellar pond + green rice and fish planting → standing multistage ecological circulation system, and realizing reutilization or standard discharge.
(4) And (3) implementing a tail water ecological purification area on the ground according to local conditions, wherein the area ratio is more than or equal to 12-15%. Wherein: 4 subarea functions of standing, aerating, compounding strains and purifying are promoted in the pretreatment subsystem; form 300m 3The pretreatment capacity of the tail water is higher than d; 2t/h boiler water film dedusting system and 20m circulating water cellar3(ii) a New gridGrid well 6m2225m of regulating cellar2135m hydrolysis acidification cellar2134m of contact oxidation pit217.5m for sterilizing cellar2(ii) a The pipe duct is connected with a large standing cellar, the area is more than or equal to 10-20 mu, and the water depth is more than or equal to 2 m; filling a purifying dam with a material with a large surface specific area; sequentially connecting three-stage purifying cellars to form 50-60% of the total area, and laying a purifying net film, aquatic plants, flocculation and fish filter; aeration and photosynthetic bacteria are added at the bottom of the aeration cellar, and the area reaches 30 mu.
Specific embodiments are as follows:
collecting tail water: connecting a greenhouse and a cellar pond in series, and collecting tail water to a pretreatment cellar by using a pipe channel; planting slope protection and water purification plants, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, water lily, iris, wild rice stem, lotus and the like in the channel; the aeration plate is used for increasing the oxidation of water pollutants and blocking suspended matters in water, planting aquatic plants or hanging biological fillers such as hairbrushes and the like in the original drainage ditch of a farm, and can be arranged at the same time.
(II) pretreatment: the method comprises the steps of building a grating well, adjusting a cellar, hydrolyzing and acidifying the cellar, contacting and oxidizing the cellar and disinfecting the cellar to form four subarea functions of standing, aerating, compounding strains and purifying, wherein the subarea functions are similar to a tail water treatment large-system miniature system so as to improve the integral purifying effect.
(III) standing: used for removing suspended matters, excrement, residual bait and other organic matters and reducing the COD of tail water; and keeping the retention time of the water body. The standing cellar is arranged at a convenient and fast traffic place in a field area, and static objects are convenient to treat. The area of the standing cellar is 1/15-1/20 of the area of the whole farm. Meanwhile, the whole standing cellar is internally provided with a brush and other biomembrane fixing materials with the density of 10-15 m, and the biomembrane fixing materials are hung on a polyethylene wire rope or a stainless steel wire in the direction vertical to the incoming water direction.
(IV) purifying: and (3) building an external structure by using two rows of honeycomb block structures, wherein the interval is not less than 2m, and the hole direction of the honeycomb blocks is consistent with the water flow direction. The interior of the two rows of honeycomb blocks is filled with ceramic beads or volcanic rocks and other adsorption materials for treating organic pollutants to the maximum extent. And planting partial plants on the internal filling medium in combination with the landscape effect.
(V) ecological treatment: mainly utilizes aquatic organisms with different nutrition levels to remove pollutants in the water body to the maximum extent and increase dissolved oxygen in the water body. Submerged plants are planted at the bottom of the natural treatment-imitating cellar as follows: eel grass, hydrilla verticillata, elodea nutans and the like, floating plants such as: lotus, water lily, gorgon fruit and the like, wherein emergent aquatic plants such as: cane shoots, canna, iris and the like, and an oxygen increasing and water spraying facility is arranged in the middle. A certain amount of freshwater shrimps, silver carps, bighead carps, snails and the like can be put in the imitated natural treatment cellar, and the facilities are utilized to convert the nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus into high-quality aquatic products. And an S-shaped filter screen hanging film is arranged to increase the distance of the water flow path.
(VI) artificial purification: the method is mainly used for purifying suspended matters and removing elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like. The cement cellar can be filled with polymer materials such as stones or magnetic beads with different grain sizes. Emergent aquatic plants such as canna, iris, and Thalia flower are planted on the surface. The proportioning area is not less than 1/50 of the culture water surface.
(seventhly), aeration: is used for increasing the dissolved oxygen in water and accelerating the oxidative decomposition of organic pollutants. An aeration disk or a microporous aeration pipe is laid in the aeration cellar. If the river course is used as the aeration cellar, the earth working film should be laid as an isolation layer to prevent the release of bottom mud pollutants if the bottom mud is thick.
And (eighthly), the culture tail water is treated and then discharged up to the standard or recycled, and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is less than or equal to 25mg/L, the total phosphorus is less than or equal to 1.0mg/L, and the total nitrogen is less than or equal to 5.0mg/L by taking the' requirement for discharging culture water in fresh water cellars (SC/T9101-2007) as a discharge standard.
And (ninthly) hardening the tail water to treat the road in the area and beautify the environmental landscape.
Through pollution concentration areas such as culture concentration areas and facility culture bases, construction of related supporting facilities including a standing cellar, a purification treatment cellar and a surface flow artificial wetland is gradually developed according to the invention, a greenhouse + outer pond + characteristic variety cellar and pond wastewater pretreatment subsystem → standing → primary purification → filter screen S circulation → secondary purification → tertiary purification → aeration disinfection → culture cellar and pond + green planting and breeding of rice and fish → standing multistage ecological circulation system is constructed, tail water is discharged or recycled up to the standard by adopting chemical, physical and biological methods, and is organically combined with a corresponding aquaculture mode to achieve ecological harmony, so that five-area three-dam comprising a tail water collection area, a tail water pretreatment area, an ecological ditch purification area, an ecological wetland purification area, an ecological water storage cellar purification area, a purification dam, an overflow dam and an underflow dam are formed. The bioengineering area is more than 120 mu, the coverage area is more than 750 mu; the purified tail water is more than 98 percent, the suspended matters are less than or equal to 100mg/L, pH 6.0.0-9.0, the total phosphorus is less than or equal to 1.0mg/L, the total nitrogen is less than or equal to 5.0mg/L, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is less than or equal to 25mg/L, and the suspended matters, the pH, the TP/TN and the permanganate index meet the national industry II standard; the product quality rate is more than 99%, the cultivation water is more than 20%, and the efficiency is more than or equal to 25%.
The invention achieves zero discharge of the culture tail water through wetland circulation purification, and realizes the goals of promoting the quality improvement and efficiency improvement of the industry and ecological environmental protection win-win sustainable development by the treatment of the tail water.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A culture tail water treatment process in an aquaculture process is characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
collecting tail water: after a greenhouse and a cellar pond are connected in series through a channel, tail water is collected into a pretreatment cellar;
(II) pretreatment: constructing a pretreatment subsystem, constructing a grating well, an adjusting cellar, a hydrolysis acidification cellar, a contact oxidation cellar and a disinfection cellar, and dividing four subarea functions of standing, aeration, composite strain and purification;
(III) standing: the standing cellar is arranged at a convenient and fast traffic place in a field area, and wool-shaped structures are distributed in the cellar and are hung on polyethylene ropes or stainless steel wires in a direction vertical to the incoming water direction;
(IV) purifying: building an external structure by adopting two rows of honeycomb block structures in the filter cellar, keeping the direction of honeycomb block holes consistent with the water flow direction, and placing an adsorption material inside;
(V) ecological treatment: planting plants at the bottom and around the simulated natural treatment cellar, arranging an oxygen increasing facility in the middle, and breeding a certain amount of freshwater shrimps, silver carps, bighead carps and snails;
(VI) artificial purification: filling a high polymer material in the purification cellar;
(seventh) aeration: laying an isolation layer at the bottom of the aeration cellar;
and (eighthly), the culture tail water is treated and then discharged after reaching the standard or recycled.
2. The aquaculture tail water treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (c) planting aquatic plants for primarily purifying water quality and decomposing oxidized pollutants in the channel in the step (I) and laying a filler for primarily purifying.
3. The aquaculture tail water treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) the area of the standing cellar in the step (three) is 1/15-1/20 of the area of the whole farm.
4. The aquaculture tail water treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) in the step (III), the arrangement density of the hairbrushes is 10-15 m per brush.
5. The aquaculture tail water treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the aquaculture tail water treatment process comprises the following steps: and (5) in the step (IV), the interval between two rows of honeycomb blocks is not less than 2 m.
6. The aquaculture tail water treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the aquaculture tail water treatment process comprises the following steps: the adsorbing material in the step (IV) can be in a block shape, and the block shape can be a regular shape or an irregular shape.
7. The aquaculture tail water treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (5) arranging an S-shaped filter screen hanging film in the nature-imitated treatment cellar in the step (V).
8. The aquaculture tail water treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (sixthly), the polymer material is stones or magnetic beads with different particle sizes.
9. The aquaculture tail water treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: emergent aquatic plants can be planted on the surface of the cellar of the purification cellar in the step (six), and the proportioning area of the emergent aquatic plants is not less than 1/50 of the culture water surface.
10. The aquaculture tail water treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (F) the insulation layer at the bottom of the aeration cellar in the step (VII) is a geomembrane.
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