CN114656973B - Ecological active agent with water storage regulating function and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ecological active agent with water storage regulating function and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010921 garden waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005962 plant activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FNQJDLTXOVEEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SN=NC2=C1 FNQJDLTXOVEEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005964 Acibenzolar-S-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 82
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- FXAGBTBXSJBNMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O FXAGBTBXSJBNMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SHZFVLZWUVDCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid;oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O SHZFVLZWUVDCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N almasilate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010299 mechanically pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological active agent with a water storage regulation function, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 6 parts of construction waste, 2.1 to 4.3 parts of attapulgite powder, 2 to 3 parts of phosphate rock powder, 1 to 2 parts of potassium feldspar, 0.5 to 0.8 part of water, 1 to 3 parts of polyacrylamide, 0.2 to 1 part of plant activator, 2 to 5 parts of garden waste composting product, 0.5 to 1 part of thickener, 2 to 4 parts of oxidized starch, 0.1 to 0.2 part of adhesive and 4 to 8 parts of microorganism strain. The invention also provides a preparation method of the ecological active agent with the water storage regulating function. The ecological active agent with the water storage regulation function can effectively improve the soil structure, passivate the heavy metals in the soil, strengthen the soil fertilizer and water retention capacity, has wide application range and high applicability, is simple in preparation process, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to an ecological active agent with a water storage regulation function and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The soil is located in the exchange zone of the atmosphere ring, the water ring, the rock ring and the biosphere and is a junction connecting the inorganic world and the organic world, so the soil has extremely important function. With the development of economy, human activities are frequent, so that the soil environment is greatly changed, various soil problems are accompanied, and the ecological damage problem is caused. At present, relatively more soil problems mainly comprise soil hardening, soil acidification and water and soil loss, and a plurality of technologies and products for preventing and treating the soil hardening, the soil acidification and the water and soil loss are developed and applied, and good results are obtained.
However, the existing soil conditioner is mainly a soil restoration modifier, and the soil acidification restoration effect cannot be durable due to the formula and the process problems, the water storage and retention capacity is poor, and the soil improvement effect is weak; the partial soil restoration modifier also has the characteristics of improving the physical and chemical properties of soil and fertility improvement, but takes effect slowly. The existing soil remediation modifier has low soil improvement efficiency, can influence the physicochemical properties of soil in the improvement process, damages the soil structure, and can also introduce heavy metals to cause heavy metal pollution of the soil.
The prior art has the defects of low applicability, difficulty in achieving the persistent solution of soil hardening and acidification, and poor soil fertilizer and water retention capacity after product improvement, thereby causing resource waste. The main manifestations are:
1. in the conditioner, most organic matters are mainly organic matters, especially organic fertilizers prepared from animal and plant residues, animal excreta and the like are mainly prepared into repairing products, and the products are single in functionality and short in improvement duration;
2. the soil conditioner mainly containing microorganisms is characterized in that the microorganisms are not strictly screened, the selected strains are random, antagonism and synergistic effects among composite strains are not fully considered, the effect of a single strain is still good, but the combined effects of a plurality of strains are poor;
3. most products simply mix materials, and the reaction between the materials is not fully considered, so that the effect of 1+1 & gt2 is not achieved, and the effect is single and not obvious;
4. most modifiers want to achieve corresponding effects, the application amount is large, and the obvious improvement effect can be achieved only 3-4 years;
5. some conditioning agents can effectively improve the soil structure and have a certain fertility effect, but the fertility releasing effect is weak, the plant growth capacity is weak after soil improvement, and the soil fixing, soil holding and water and fertilizer retaining capacity cannot be achieved through the synergistic effect of plants and microorganisms.
The present invention has been made based on the above-described circumstances.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the defects of the prior art, an ecological active agent with a water storage adjusting function is developed, and the invention also provides a preparation method of the ecological active agent with the water storage adjusting function. The ecological active agent can effectively improve soil structure, passivate soil heavy metals, enhance soil fertilizer and water retention capacity, has wide application range and high applicability, is simple in preparation process, and is suitable for large-scale production.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ecological active agent with a water storage regulating function comprises the following components in parts by weight:
in the invention, the construction waste is one or a mixture of more of concrete, mortar, brickwork and waste wood. When the construction waste contains waste wood, the proportion of the waste wood should not exceed 10% of the total mass of the construction waste.
In the invention, the plant activator is mixed paste or powder, and the plant activator is mainly one or more of Kang Zhuangsu (hypersensitive protein), benzothiadiazole (BTH) and humic acid.
In the invention, the garden waste is powdery or flocculent after long-time decomposition of roots, stems, fallen leaves (including but not limited to broadleaf trees and shrubs), hay and the like, and the particle size of the garden waste is less than or equal to 0.3mm.
In the invention, the thickener is mainly bentonite added with one or more materials of alginic acid, gelatin, agar and pectin, and the bentonite accounts for 65-80%.
In the invention, the binder is carboxymethyl cellulose.
In the invention, the microbial bacillus is prepared by matching bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and bacillus megatherium according to the weight ratio of 2-4:1-2:1-2.
In the invention, the attapulgite powder is natural water-containing magnesium aluminosilicate, has a unique three-dimensional chain structure and a special needle-bar crystal structure, thus having unusual colloid and adsorption performance, and has the main functions of binding various materials and providing reliable structural stability for the preparation of subsequent products.
The phosphate rock powder is prepared by directly mechanically pulverizing and grinding phosphate rock, is generally gray or yellow brown powder, and contains tricalcium phosphate Ca as main ingredient 3 (PO 4 ) 2 It can gradually become absorbable by plants in an acidic environment.
The potassium feldspar is a potassium-containing ore and is one of main raw materials for preparing the potassium fertilizer. The potassium ore adopted here is potassium ore powder, needs to be ground into a powdery structure, and has the functions of being matched with the subsequent microorganism strain, and providing stable potassium element supply for plants by combining the water retention and water release characteristics of the product.
The polyacrylamide is a linear high molecular polymer, and the invention uses powdery polyacrylamide products. The material has good thermal stability, can be dissolved in water according to any proportion, and the aqueous solution is uniform and transparent liquid. In the product, the function of the product is mainly to absorb and release water, and the product has the functions of adhesion and thickening in an acidic environment, so that the product is beneficial to the form stability.
The oxidized starch is modified starch obtained by oxidizing starch by the action of the starch with an oxidant in acid, alkali and neutral medium. The oxidized starch reduces the gelatinization temperature of the starch, reduces the viscosity of the hot paste and increases the thermal stability, and the product has white color, transparent paste, good film forming property and good freeze thawing resistance, is a thickener with low viscosity and high concentration, and is widely applied to the industries of textile, papermaking, food and fine chemical industry.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ecological active agent with the water storage regulation function, which comprises the following specific steps:
a. carrying out multistage crushing on the construction waste, pouring the construction waste which is sieved by a sieve with 4-6 mm into organic weak acid, soaking for 3.5-4.5 h, filtering and air-drying;
b. mixing the construction waste treated in the step a, 1-2 parts of attapulgite powder, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar and water, stirring for 20-40 min at normal temperature, rolling, crushing and granulating under the conditions that the humidity is 65-85% and the pressure is 130-150 MPa, and sieving the mixture with the particle size of 2-5 mm;
c. adding polyacrylamide, a plant activator and 0.1-0.3 part of attapulgite powder into the mixture prepared in the step b, granulating by adopting a rotary drum granulating method, and screening out particles A with the particle size of 3-8 mm, wherein no water is added in the process;
d. c, adjusting the temperature to 35-40 ℃ and the humidity to 40-60%, adding a garden waste composting product, the rest attapulgite powder and a thickener into the particles A obtained in the step c, performing disc granulation, and screening out particles B with the particle size of 5-16 mm, wherein no water is added in the process;
e. c, adding oxidized starch into the particles B obtained in the step c for coating, taking out after 20-40 min, and air-drying at room temperature, wherein the coating effect is that the particles B are just covered;
f. then adding adhesive and microbial strain, granulating at room temperature by adopting a rotary drum granulating method, and screening the product with the particle size of 5-18 mm.
In the step a, the organic weak acid is any one of acetic acid, oxalic acid and citric acid, and the concentration of the organic weak acid is 0.5-1%.
A large amount of construction waste is produced every year in China, and some construction waste has compact structural characteristics, and the construction waste is treated to have excellent water retention and water release properties, fully develops the characteristics and is prepared into a soil conditioner, so that the construction waste has extremely wide application prospect.
The invention mainly uses construction waste, attapulgite powder, garden waste composting products, phosphate rock powder, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, potassium feldspar, oxidized starch, polyacrylamide and plant activators as raw materials. The preparation technology fully considers the interaction among soil, microorganisms and plants, conditions and restores the soil while ensuring ecological balance, adopts a hot-sticking cold-swelling process, and utilizes a modern multilayer cold-coating technology to prepare and produce the high-performance ecological active agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the preparation is simple, and the required equipment is less; the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the production process is pollution-free; the heating treatment is less, and the energy consumption is low;
2. the ecological active agent with the water storage regulation function can effectively improve the physicochemical property of soil, improve the water retention of the soil and prolong the effect duration; after the product is applied into soil, the microbial layer is eluted by water and is firstly shed and developed, oxidized starch can provide short-term growth raw material requirements for the microbial layer, and after the garden waste layer is shed into the soil, the microbial layer is decomposed for a period of time to form soil organic matters, so that the soil can be effectively improved; the middle layer of the product is wetted by water to form a granular structure with more surface pores, has strong water and fertilizer retention, can continuously supplement water and nutrients for soil, has stable internal structure, can effectively supplement soil nutrients by inorganic phosphorus and potassium contained in the product, and has good water storage and retention functions and fertility improvement capability;
3. the added garden waste composting product contains more functional groups, has strong bond-bridge combined effect, can effectively solidify heavy metals in soil, and has certain heavy metal passivation capability.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but not limited, by the following examples.
The invention provides 3 examples and 3 comparative examples, 6 different ecological active agents are prepared by adjusting the types, the content, the preparation conditions or the preparation steps of raw materials, and the specific operation is as follows:
example 1
The preparation method of the ecological active agent with the water storage adjusting function in the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
a. crushing the construction waste, sieving with a 4mm sieve, soaking the crushed construction waste in 0.5% acetic acid-citric acid mixed solution for 4.5 hours, and filtering and air-drying the crushed construction waste;
b. taking 6 parts of the construction waste treated in the step a, 2 parts of attapulgite powder, 3 parts of rock phosphate powder and 2 parts of dolomite, adding water and stirring for 40min at normal temperature, rolling, crushing and granulating under the conditions that the humidity is 65% and the pressure is 130MPa, and screening the mixture with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
c. And b, adding 1 part of polyacrylamide, 1 part of plant activator and 0.3 part of attapulgite powder into the mixture prepared in the step b, granulating by adopting a drum granulation method, and sieving the granules A with the particle size of 3-8 mm without adding water.
d. C, adjusting the temperature to 35 ℃ and the humidity to 50%, adding 5 parts of garden waste composting products, 2 parts of attapulgite powder and 1 part of thickener into the particles A obtained in the step c, carrying out disc granulation, and sieving the particles B with the particle size of 5-16 mm without adding water in the process.
e. And c, adding 4 parts of oxidized starch into the granules B obtained in the step c at the temperature of 80-95 ℃, coating, taking out after 30min, and airing at room temperature.
f. Then adding 0.2 part of adhesive, 4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus and 2 parts of bacillus megaterium into the mixture, granulating the mixture at room temperature by adopting a rotary drum granulating method, and screening the product with the particle size of 5-18 mm as a final product.
Example 2
a. Crushing the construction waste, sieving with a 4mm sieve, soaking in 0.5% oxalic acid for 4 hours, filtering and air-drying;
b. taking 5 parts of the construction waste treated in the step a, 2 parts of attapulgite powder, 2 parts of rock phosphate powder and 1 part of dolomite, adding water and stirring for 20min at normal temperature, carrying out rolling crushing granulation under the pressure of 140MPa with the humidity of 70%, and screening the mixture with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
c. And b, adding 2 parts of polyacrylamide, 0.5 part of plant activator and 0.2 part of attapulgite powder into the mixture prepared in the step b, granulating by adopting a drum granulation method, and sieving the granules A with the particle size of 3-8 mm without adding water.
d. C, adjusting the temperature to 35 ℃ and the humidity to 50%, adding 3 parts of garden waste composting products, 2 parts of attapulgite powder and 1 part of thickener into the particles A obtained in the step c, carrying out disc granulation, and sieving the particles B with the particle size of 5-16 mm, wherein no water is added in the process.
e. And c, adding 3 parts of oxidized starch into the granules B obtained in the step c at the temperature of 80-95 ℃, coating, taking out after 30min, and airing at room temperature.
f. Then adding 0.2 part of adhesive, 2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus and 1 part of bacillus megaterium into the mixture, granulating the mixture at room temperature by adopting a rotary drum granulating method, and screening the product with the particle size of 5-18 mm as a final product.
Example 3
a. Crushing the construction waste, sieving with a 4mm sieve, soaking the crushed construction waste in 1% oxalic acid-citric acid mixed solution for 3.5 hours, and filtering and air-drying the crushed construction waste;
b. and d, taking 4 parts of the construction waste treated in the step a, 4 parts of attapulgite powder, 4 parts of rock phosphate powder and 1 part of dolomite, adding water, stirring for 30min at normal temperature, carrying out rolling crushing granulation under the pressure of 140MPa with the humidity of 70%, and screening the mixture with the particle size of 2-5 mm.
c. And b, adding 3 parts of polyacrylamide, 1 part of plant activator and 0.3 part of attapulgite powder into the mixture prepared in the step b, granulating by adopting a drum granulation method, and sieving particles A with the particle size of 3-8 mm without adding water.
d. C, adjusting the temperature to 35 ℃ and the humidity to 50%, adding 2 parts of garden waste composting products, 1 part of attapulgite powder and 0.5 part of thickener into the particles A obtained in the step c, carrying out disc granulation, and sieving the particles B with the particle size of 5-16 mm without adding water in the process.
e. And c, adding 2 parts of oxidized starch into the particles B obtained in the step c at the temperature of 80-95 ℃, coating, taking out after 30min, and airing at room temperature.
f. Then adding 0.1 part of adhesive, 2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus and 1 part of bacillus megaterium into the mixture, granulating the mixture at room temperature by adopting a rotary drum granulating method, and screening the product with the particle size of 5-18 mm as a final product.
Comparative example 1
a. Crushing the construction waste, sieving with a 4mm sieve, soaking the crushed construction waste in 0.5% acetic acid-citric acid mixed solution for 4.5 hours, and filtering and air-drying the crushed construction waste;
b. taking 4 parts of the construction waste treated in the step a, 2 parts of attapulgite powder, 3 parts of rock phosphate powder and 2 parts of dolomite, adding water and stirring for 40min under normal temperature, carrying out rolling crushing granulation under the pressure of 130MPa, and screening particles with the particle size of 2-5 mm;
c. b, adjusting the temperature to 35 ℃ and the humidity to 50%, adding 5 parts of garden waste composting products, 2 parts of attapulgite powder and 1 part of thickening agent into the particles prepared in the step b, carrying out disc granulation, and sieving the particles with the particle size of 5-16 mm, wherein no water is added in the process;
d. c, adding 1 part of polyacrylamide, 1 part of plant activator and 0.3 part of attapulgite powder into the particles prepared in the step c, granulating by adopting a drum granulation method, and sieving to obtain particles with the particle size of 3-8 mm, wherein no water is added in the process;
e. adding 4 parts of oxidized starch into the particles obtained in the step c at the temperature of 80-95 ℃, coating, taking out after 30min, and airing at room temperature;
f. then adding 0.2 part of adhesive, 4 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus and 2 parts of bacillus megaterium into the mixture, granulating the mixture at room temperature by adopting a rotary drum granulating method, and screening the product with the particle size of 5-18 mm as a final product.
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: the order of preparation of step b and step c in comparative example 1 was exchanged with the order of preparation of steps b, c in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that no polyacrylamide was added in step c of comparative example 2, and the remaining preparation steps and materials were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that comparative example 3 was added with water during the preparation of step c and step d, and the remaining preparation steps and materials were the same as example 1.
Application example
Taking 6 flowerpots with water leakage openings at bottoms with outer diameters of 20cm and heights of 15cm, and placing flowerpots with the bottoms of more than 314cm 2 Weighing 3kg of dried soil, respectively placing the dried soil at the bottoms of 6 flowerpots, slightly compacting the dried soil, and respectively marking the dried soil as S1, S2, S3, D1, D2 and D3. Weighing 6 groups of 1kg of dried soil respectively, uniformly mixing with 1kg of the 6 groups of products prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 respectively, adding 2kg of the mixture into 6 flowerpots filled with 3kg of soil S1, S2, S3, D1, D2 and D3 respectively; for example, 1kg of the product prepared in example 1 and 1kg of the baked soil were uniformly mixed and then covered in a flowerpot labeled S1. 2kg of dried soil is weighed and covered on all flowerpots filled with soil and products, and the total mass of the soil and the products in each flowerpot is 7kg. And setting a flowerpot without adding a product and only adding the dried soil as a blank control, and marking the flowerpot as CK.
Repeating the above experiment for 3 times, namely, performing 3 parallel experiments, and taking the average value of the 3 experiments as the experimental result.
1. Detecting the water storage capacity of soil
7 flowerpots are watered thoroughly (water seepage occurs at the bottom), and then weighed, and the mass is taken as the initial mass of the treatment. The flowerpots were placed in cool and ventilated places and weighed at 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, 80, 120, 180, 240 days, respectively. The change in soil weight average in the pot for various days of treatment is shown in table 1.
Table 1 soil weight change on different days of treatment
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the weight of the flowerpot marked CK was lower than that of other flowerpots on day 0, and the weight of the flowerpot marked CK was almost identical to the weight of the soil itself from day 30 until 240 days, indicating that the soil moisture of the flowerpot had completely disappeared around day 30; the pot marked D1 became 7.01kg on day 50 and no significant change was followed, indicating that no soil weight below 7kg was present under this treatment; the weight change rule of the flowerpot marked as D2 is consistent with CK, but the weight loss amount is larger than CK within 7 days, which indicates that in D2, the soil porosity is changed to a certain extent, so that the water loss speed is increased, and the weight of D2 is slightly lower than 7kg at 30 days, which is related to the consumption of part of garden waste by microorganisms; the flowerpot marked as D3 has the weight higher than D2 and 7kg before 50 days, which indicates that the water storage capacity of D3 is higher than CK within 50 days, and has a certain water storage effect.
The weight change rule of the soil of the flowerpots marked as S1, S2 and S3 is the same, and the weight change is almost the same as that of the soil in other flowerpots before the 5 th day, but the quality of the soil is reduced far less than that of the soil in other flowerpots from the 5 th day to the 80 th day, and the quality of the soil is still higher than that of the soil in other flowerpots from the 80 th day to the 180 th day, which indicates that the water storage capacity of the soil is obviously improved under the treatment condition. On day 240, the quality is almost the same as that of CK, and the fact that microorganisms degrade garden waste and cause weak quality degradation is considered, which means that the soil still contains a small amount of water.
The experimental data prove that the products prepared by the embodiment have the capability of obviously improving the water storage and retention capacity of soil.
2. Determination of soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium content
After 240 days, the soil in 7 flowerpots was taken out, air-dried and ground, and the contents of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium in the soil were measured by the method and instrument shown in table 2. The content changes of each sample in the soil are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 2 method and instrument for determining alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium content of soil
TABLE 3 variation of nutrient and heavy metal element content in different treated soils
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium contents of the soil in the CK flowerpot are 86.3mg/kg, 10.7mg/kg and 53.4mg/kg respectively, and the soil nutrient level is on the whole in a medium bias.
The alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content, the effective phosphorus content and the quick-acting potassium content of the soil in the flowerpot marked as D1 are improved compared with CK, but the improvement range is less, namely 18%, 30% and 17%; the conditions of the soil in the flowerpots marked as D2 and D3 are basically the same, and the contents of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium are respectively improved by 67% -83%, 140% -147% and 79% -83% relative to CK.
The alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, the available phosphorus and the quick-acting potassium of the soil in the flowerpots marked as S1, S2 and S3 are respectively improved by 115% -133%, 222% -238% and 136% -155% compared with CK. The improvement effect of the product prepared by the additive example on soil nutrients is obviously better than that of the product prepared by the additive comparative example.
In conclusion, the ecological active agent prepared by the embodiment of the invention can effectively improve the physicochemical property of soil, improve the water retention of the soil and prolong the effect duration; the ecological active agent with the water storage regulation function has the advantages of good water storage and retention functions and capability of improving fertility.
Claims (6)
1.An ecological active agent with water storage regulating function is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight：
4-6 parts of construction waste
2.1 to 4.3 portions of attapulgite powder
2-3 parts of ground phosphate rock
1 to 2 parts of potassium feldspar
0.5 to 0.8 part of water
1 to 3 parts of polyacrylamide
0.2 to 1 part of plant activator
2-5 parts of garden waste composting product
0.5 to 1 part of thickener
Oxidized starch 2-4 parts
0.1 to 0.2 part of adhesive
4-8 parts of microorganism strain;
the ecological active agent with the water storage regulation function is prepared by the following steps:
a. multistage crushing is carried out on the construction waste, the construction waste after 4-6 mm screening is poured into organic weak acid to be soaked for 3.5-4.5 h, and filtration and air drying are carried out;
b. mixing the construction waste treated in the step a, 1-2 parts of attapulgite powder, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar and water, stirring for 20-40 min at normal temperature, rolling, crushing and granulating under the conditions that the humidity is 65-85% and the pressure is 130-150 MPa, and screening out a mixture with the particle size of 2-5 mm;
c. adding polyacrylamide, a plant activator and 0.1-0.3 part of attapulgite powder into the mixture prepared in the step b, granulating by adopting a rotary drum granulating method, and screening out particles A with the particle size of 3-8 mm, wherein no water is added in the process;
d. c, adjusting the temperature to 35-40 ℃ and the humidity to 40-60%, adding a garden waste composting product, the rest attapulgite powder and a thickener into the particles A obtained in the step c, performing disc granulation, and screening out particles B with the particle size of 5-16 mm, wherein no water is added in the process;
e. adding oxidized starch into the particles B obtained in the step d for coating, taking out after 20-40 min, and air-drying at room temperature, wherein the coating effect is that the particles B are just covered;
f. adding an adhesive and microbial strains into the mixture, granulating the mixture at room temperature by adopting a rotary drum granulating method, and screening the product with the particle size of 5-18 mm;
the microbial strain is prepared by matching bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and bacillus megatherium according to the weight ratio of 2-4:1-2:1-2.
2. An ecological active agent with water storage regulating function according to claim 1, wherein: the construction waste is one or a mixture of more of concrete, mortar, brickwork and waste wood.
3. An ecological active agent with water storage regulating function according to claim 2, wherein: when the construction waste contains waste wood, the proportion of the waste wood should not exceed 10% of the total mass of the construction waste.
4. An ecological active agent with water storage regulating function according to claim 1, wherein: the plant activator is mixed paste or powder, and the plant activator is one or more of Kang Zhuangsu, benzothiadiazole and humic acid.
5. An ecological active agent with water storage regulating function according to claim 1, wherein: the garden waste is a powdery or flocculent product formed by decomposing tree roots, stems, fallen leaves and dried grass for a long time, and the grain size of the garden waste is less than or equal to 0.3 and mm.
6. An ecological active agent with water storage regulating function according to claim 1, wherein: the binder is carboxymethyl cellulose.
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| CN104109038A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-22 | 许盛英 | Method for producing construction waste compressed nutrient soil |
| CN105669308A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-15 | 李巍 | Bioorganic fertilizer and method for improving soil by accurate application of bioorganic fertilizer |
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