CN114641452A - 用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机 - Google Patents

用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机 Download PDF

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CN114641452A
CN114641452A CN202080070800.4A CN202080070800A CN114641452A CN 114641452 A CN114641452 A CN 114641452A CN 202080070800 A CN202080070800 A CN 202080070800A CN 114641452 A CN114641452 A CN 114641452A
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S·阿塔
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Abstract

通过以级联方式使用燃气涡轮机和闭式循环燃气/(空气或氮气)涡轮机，可以通过使用从开式循环燃气涡轮机的废气转移的热量来获得闭式循环燃气涡轮机中的热交换器腔室(用于增加热量)所需的热量。如果有的话，我们也可以从核电站获得热量来代替开式循环燃气涡轮机。当我们在将非常热的空气从闭式循环燃气/空气涡轮机中离开涡轮机后送到热交换器室(用于冷却空气)时，我们使用多个热交换器中的海水来冷却空气，并使用热量对海水进行淡化，因此最终我们可以通过开式和闭式燃气涡轮机同时生产淡水和电力。

Description

用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机
背景技术
有几个关于海水淡化的发明。所有这些发明都集中在从太阳(太阳能)获取热量。由于热源的时间有限(夜晚和阴天的影响)，这些发明不会产生大量的淡水，也不能稳定地供应能源。
在我的发明中，提出使用开式循环燃气涡轮机作为热源，并将其呈递给闭式循环燃气/空气涡轮机，后者需要封闭循环的一个阶段的热量(热交换器B2、B3)。
非常热的空气离开涡轮机(B4)后，在进入压缩机(B1)前需要冷却。这通常由第二热交换器中的气流来完成。
我提出利用海水通向多个热交换器(B6、B7、B8)的方式对海水进行淡化，并在进入压缩机(B1)之前对封闭循环的空气进行冷却。
通过这种方式，开式和闭式循环燃气涡轮机的热电联产能够一起发电，闭式循环涡轮机能够同时用海水生产淡水。
我增加了一种方法，将太阳能热量与来自开式循环燃气涡轮机的热量相结合，相结合的热量在(B3)的热交换器中作为第二热源，这能够为开式循环燃气涡轮机节省一些能量。
具体实施方式
在开式循环燃气涡轮机(A)中，空气进入压缩机(A1)，然后进入燃烧室(A2)，然后来自(A2)的非常热的高压的气体冲击涡轮机(A3)，该气体离开涡轮机成为非常热的废气。
这些气体进入第一热交换器(B2)并通向铁管道，铁管道在热交换腔室内分成2个、3个或更多个管道，每个管道周围都有隔热层。
多个管道离开腔室后再次成为一个管道，去往(B3)。
从(B3)进入腔室(B2)的温热压缩空气(或氮气)引向在腔室内分开的铜管至其中一根铁管道内的盘管。盘管应该在铁管道的中间，不能接触到管道壁。
在管道的末端，盘管又被连接起来，形成一个管道，从B2出来，非常热的压缩空气进入涡轮机(B4)。
空气和非常热的气体以彼此相反方向移动。
在腔室(B3)中，它的设计与腔室(B2)相似，除了在铜管中作为压缩的温热的空气或热空气从压缩机(B1)到(B3)并离开(B2)的空气，部分热的气体从(B2)的铜盘管中进入腔室(B3)的每个管道中间，从另一侧离开，重新连接到一个管中进入排气装置。
在管道上没有直接的隔热材料，而是装上了能够通过太阳能热而变得非常热的材料，并将其转移到空气流动的管道上。这些材料可以是(熔岩石或煤)。
腔室的外壁在顶部和两侧由玻璃制成，以便在早晨吸收太阳光，并通过反射镜将其引入腔室内。这些玻璃板能够在太阳落山后用隔热材料覆盖，直到太阳再次升起。腔室的底部是铁制的，有支撑管道的支架，管道有支撑件来支撑里面的盘管，如图(B3)所示。
在空气离开涡轮机(B4)后，它进入多路热交换器进行冷却，利用海水吸收(B6、B8)空气中的热量，然后冷空气进入压缩机(B1)，再次启动循环。
如图所示，腔室(B6)有多组盘管，将(B4)获得的非常热的空气通向腔室(B6)的几个盘管中，并从形成的一个管处离开，使温热的空气进入(B8)。
管道将部分温热的海水从(B8)送入腔室(B6)壁上的几个雾化器，将水雾化成水滴，滴在腔室中管内有热空气的几组管道的顶部。
大部分水滴通过从管道中的空气中吸收热量而蒸发，并以气体的形式蒸发，上升到腔室(B6)的弧形顶，并通过吸风机引导通向管道到腔室外的(B7)。其余的水滴落下，聚集在(B6)的底部，并通过通向管道的水滴与来自(B7和B8)的温水再次汇合到雾化器中。
在腔室(B8)中，有盘管组浸泡在海水中，海水完全填满了腔室(B8)并通过水泵从海中驱动以从底部进入腔室，在变暖后从腔室顶部离开，并提取空气中的其余热量，然后进入(B6)。空气离开腔室后冷却，从而进入压缩机(B1)。
在(B7)中，热水蒸汽以气体的形式从形成的淡水水平线以上的侧壁进入腔室内。热气从腔室中水平悬挂的几组管道上升，以及在水泵的推动下直接输入海水。
在交换热量之后的温暖的海水在一根管道中离开腔室(B7)，水蒸汽在其上升过程中冷却，使大量水蒸汽凝结，在重力作用下落入腔室的底部，成为淡水并被抽出。
剩下的蒸汽从腔室顶侧的管道中出去，进入热水蒸汽管道，再次进入腔室中重复循环。
附图标记
1.A：开式循环燃气轮机
A1：压缩机
A2：燃烧室
A3：涡轮机
A4：发电机
2.B：闭式循环燃气/空气涡轮机
B1：压缩机
B2：热交换器(用于增加热量)
B3：预热热交换器(用于增加热量)B4：涡轮机B5：发电机
B6：热交换器(用于抽出热量)
B7：热交换器(海水脱盐)
B8：预热热交换器(用于抽出热量)

Claims (10)

1.一种用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，所述热电联产涡轮机包括开式循环燃气涡轮机和闭式循环燃气/空气涡轮机，其中所述从开式循环燃气涡轮机释放的非常热气体或所述来自核电站的热量将被引向用于闭式循环燃气/空气涡轮机的附图中所述的热交换器(B2和B3),所述作为热源被添加到所述闭式循环燃气/空气涡轮机的空气中。
其中，所述非常热的空气离开涡轮机(附图中的B4)后，进入热交换器(如附图中的B6和B8)，在这些热交换器(B6和B8)中被海水冷却。
其中，所述海水蒸发以及其蒸汽被引导到(附图中的B7)，被所述海水冷却、冷凝并形成淡水。
其中，所述空气在热交换器(附图中的B6和B8)中冷却，被引向压缩机(附图中的B1)，以完成闭式循环燃气/空气涡轮机的循环。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，其中所述由开式循环燃气涡轮机产生的非常热的气体，引向用于热交换器(B2)，以向闭式循环燃气涡轮机的空气提供所需的热量。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，其中所述热交换器(B2)是隔热室，包括多个管道，每个管道具有非常热的气体，所述气体从开式循环燃气涡轮机到(B2)的腔室内，然后出来到(B3)，所述空气从(B3)到(B2)的腔室内的管道，到每个管道内的杯状盘管内，然后出来以作为非常热的压缩空气去到涡轮机(B4)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，其中所述热的气体离开(B2)去到(B3)腔室，所述(B3)腔室是预热的热交换器，所述热的气体进入(B3)腔室的多个管道中的每一个管道内的盘管中。
其中，所述空气从压缩机(B1)到腔室(B3)，在管道中的所述空气的方向与在盘管中的热的气体的方向相反，所述空气从(B3)排出去到排气装置，管道中的所述空气进入(B2)的盘管。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，其中，代替类似(B2)的管道周围的隔热层，所述管道周围填充有材料的腔室(如B3)能够将太阳能热量传递到(B3)中的管道中的空气，所述腔室B3的壁和顶部是玻璃，通过设置镜子将太阳光通向玻璃从而引向腔室，通过利用太阳能热量给管道中的空气增加更多的热量。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，其中在热交换器(B6)中，来自(B4)非常热的空气通向腔室(B6)内的管道，所述非常热的空气被温热的海水冷却下来，来自(B8)的所述非常热的空气离开(B6)以再循环并再次进入(B6)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，其中在腔室(B6)的所述海水由在腔室(B6)的壁上的雾化器雾化，所述海水落在非常热的空气管道上，部分水蒸发上升，从(B6)的顶部收集，所述蒸汽气体被吸风机抽出(B6)，所述蒸汽气体被引向(B7)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，其中所述热的空气从(B6)进入腔室(B8)通向一组盘管，所述冷却空气从(B8)出来到压缩机(B1)，所述腔室(B8)包括盘管组，所述空气通向其中，所述管道浸泡在海水中，所述海水用泵直接从海中抽到腔室(B8)的底部，从腔室(B8)的顶部离开到(B6)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，其中所述热交换器(B7)包括运送海水的管道的组，所述的海水由泵直接从海中泵送，所述海水离开(B7)到(B8)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机，其中所述热的水蒸汽如从海水的管道组的下面的侧壁进入腔室(B7)，所述的蒸汽从管道中上升，所述的大部分蒸汽应冷凝并作为淡水落下，落在(B7)的底部，所述淡水从(B7)收集出来，所述其余蒸汽重新再次引向腔室(B7)的底部。
CN202080070800.4A 2019-10-11 2020-10-06 用于发电和海水淡化的热电联产涡轮机 Withdrawn CN114641452A (zh)

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