CN107439200A - A kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN107439200A CN107439200A CN201710773905.6A CN201710773905A CN107439200A CN 107439200 A CN107439200 A CN 107439200A CN 201710773905 A CN201710773905 A CN 201710773905A CN 107439200 A CN107439200 A CN 107439200A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, specifically a kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato, comprise the following steps:(1)Seed selection;(2)Cropping pattern;(3)Basal dressing;(4)Sowing;(5)The management of cotton potato symbiosis phase;(6)Insect pest preventing and controlling.The present invention utilizes the fields for spring sowing of plant cotton, plants potato in advance, then interplants cotton, and cotton implements to exempt from training cultivation, improves soil multiple crop index, alleviates the work burden of peasant, adds farmers' income again.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, specifically a kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato.
Background technology
Southern cotton region tradition planting patterns is cotton --- rape is interplanted, to strive season, racing against time, in cotton harvesting still
Do not terminate, cotton plant continued growth is artificial to creep into cotton plant space transplanting rape seedling in field, realizes that cotton is interplanted with rape, to carry
High economic benefit.Cotton plant because being grown in field is dense to grow thickly, and can not use mechanical transplanting rape, artificial transplanting, the labor such as water
Fatigue resistance is big, tedious process, and efficiency is low.The a large amount of labours in Rural Areas at Present shift to city, stay-at-home rural is old, weak and woman
Woman power be difficult complete cotton after rape transplant this heavy task, therefore, most of cotton growers abandon rape after cotton harvesting
Planted Deng succession crop, soil is idle.
China has a large population and a few land, the soil of Jin Zhan worlds cultivated area 7%, supports the population in the Liao Zhan worlds 22%.It is southern wide
The crop growth environment conditions such as big cotton region temperature, light, water are advantageous, to harvest more agricultural product on limited soil, apply
People constantly brings forth new ideas, invented using after cotton harvesting idly plant one season potato cotton potato simple and laborsaving cultivation new method, take
Significant economic benefit was obtained, there is stronger practicality, to ensureing that China's grain security has great meaning.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the drawbacks described above of prior art, there is provided a kind of plantation side of cotton interplanting potato
Method, using the fields for spring sowing of plant cotton, potato being planted in advance, then interplanting cotton, cotton implements to exempt from training cultivation, improves soil and answers
Kind index, the work burden of peasant is alleviated, adds farmers' income again.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)Seed selection:Potato is early from knot potato, and the compact precocity of the shorter plant type of plant, high yield, high-quality, detoxification breeding, cotton are fitted
Preferably with plant type is compact, the middle and later periods grows fast, disease-resistant, pest-resistant Early-medium maturing variety;
(2)Cropping pattern:Row nixed plantings such as " 1-1 formulas " is implemented in the interplanting of cotton potato.Bandwidth 1.3m is planted, plants 1 row Ma Ling
Potato and 1 row cotton, symbiosis phase cotton potato spacing 0.5-0.8m, 2800 plants/acre of cotton, 3200 plants/acre of potato;
(3)Basal dressing:Deep ploughed 30cm before winter, and timely site preparation, spring irrigation, fertilising, once use sufficient base manure at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February, applies
2600kg-3000kg/ mus, are uniformly ploughed in soil;
(4)Sowing:Potato seed is placed in the warm place for having sunlight and basked seeds 2-3d by 20-25d before broadcasting, and is rejected disease potato, rotten potato, is cut
Block, after otch dries, vernalization in outdoor shed is put into, can be sowed when bud length is to 2-3cm, carried out trench digging mid-March and broadcast
Kind, ditch depth 10-12cm, mix fine earth with 1kg/ mu phoxims and be uniformly sprinkling upon in sowing potato ditch to prevent subterranean pest-insect;By original
Seeding row spacing puts potato wedge bud upward, and earthing 6-8cm is simultaneously compacted;Timely rupture of membranes puts seedling after the soil of potato young shoot top, with fine earth broken
Film mouth helps concora crush real;Cotton fits date of seeding before and after April 15, and cave program request is opened at the 50cm of Film mulch side, per cave 3-4
Grain, has buried mulch film again after program request;
(5)The management of cotton potato symbiosis phase:Retain whole leaf branches during cotton growth, mepiquat chloride is sprayed after topping and carries out chemical envelope
OK;The bud and unnecessary branch that potato plant occurs are pinched in time to be gone, in order to avoid consumption nutrient;Potato squaring period mepiquat chloride
0.1-0.2kg/ mu progress controls, ensure that stem tuber expands;Its cauline leaf is ploughed under in soil as the green of cotton after potato harvest
Fertilizer, and impose 1 cotton and carry seed manure:Urea 200kg/ mus, promote cotton seedling robust growth;In 1 application cotton bell mid-July
Fertilizer:Urea 4500kg/ mus.
(6)Insect pest preventing and controlling:In potato and cotton whole growth period, sprayed every 60-80d and convert 300-400 times of water for one time
Traditional Chinese medicine disease prevention insect pest agent.
Specifically, step(5)Middle chemistry seals row method:Respectively at initial bloom stage, full-bloom stage, Topping Stage and August 5-10 days
Spray mepiquat chloride, per hectare spray 0.3kg/ mus, 0.4kg/ mus, 0.6kg/ mus, 1.2kg/ mus;Mepiquat chloride combines and controls worm dispenser simultaneously
Sprinkling.
Specifically, step(3)Described in base manure be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:400 ~ 450 parts of person poultry muck, cross phosphorus
Sour 30 ~ 40 parts of calcium, 20 ~ 30 parts of urea, 20 ~ 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 ~ 8 parts of borax, 20 ~ 50 parts of citric acid.
Specifically, step(6)Described in traditional Chinese medicine disease prevention insect pest agent by being extracted in following raw material:Garlic 6-10 parts,
Coptis 8-12 parts, root of langdu 8-12 parts, celastrus orbiculatus 10-16 parts, folium artemisiae argyi 2-4 parts, centella 8-14 parts, root of kudzu vine 6-10 parts.
The beneficial effect of the invention is:
The present invention utilizes the fields for spring sowing of plant cotton, plants potato in advance, then interplants cotton, and cotton implements to exempt from training cultivation, improves
Soil multiple crop index, the work burden of peasant is alleviated, adds farmers' income again.Potato and cotton symbiosis phase are short, base
This does not influence output of cotton, cotton and potato interplanting be equal in cotton field received one season potato, the two total economic effect
Benefit increases substantially.By practice, potato interplanting cotton, every mu can produce 2.3 ten thousand yuan of economic benefit of increase.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)Seed selection:Potato is early from knot potato, and the compact precocity of the shorter plant type of plant, high yield, high-quality, detoxification breeding, cotton are fitted
Preferably with plant type is compact, the middle and later periods grows fast, disease-resistant, pest-resistant Early-medium maturing variety;
(2)Cropping pattern:Row nixed plantings such as " 1-1 formulas " is implemented in the interplanting of cotton potato.Bandwidth 1.3m is planted, plants 1 row Ma Ling
Potato and 1 row cotton, symbiosis phase cotton potato spacing 0.5m, 2800 plants/acre of cotton, 3200 plants/acre of potato;
(3)Basal dressing:Deep ploughed 30cm before winter, and timely site preparation, spring irrigation, fertilising, once use sufficient base manure at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February, applies
2600kg/ mus, are uniformly ploughed in soil;
(4)Sowing:Potato seed is placed in the warm place for having sunlight and basked seeds 2d by 20d before broadcasting, and is rejected disease potato, rotten potato, is carried out stripping and slicing, treat
After otch dries, vernalization in outdoor shed is put into, can be sowed when bud length is to 2cm, mid-March carries out water furrow planting, ditch depth
10cm, mix fine earth with 1kg/ mu phoxims and be uniformly sprinkling upon in sowing potato ditch to prevent subterranean pest-insect;By original seeding row spacing by potato
Block bud is put upward, and earthing 6cm is simultaneously compacted;Timely rupture of membranes puts seedling after the soil of potato young shoot top, helps concora crush real in rupture of membranes mouth with fine earth;
Cotton fits date of seeding before and after April 15, and cave program request is opened at the 50cm of Film mulch side, per 3, cave, is buried again after program request
Mulch film;
(5)The management of cotton potato symbiosis phase:Retain whole leaf branches during cotton growth, mepiquat chloride is sprayed after topping and carries out chemical envelope
OK;The bud and unnecessary branch that potato plant occurs are pinched in time to be gone, in order to avoid consumption nutrient;Potato squaring period mepiquat chloride
0.1kg/ mu progress controls, ensure that stem tuber expands;Its cauline leaf is ploughed under as the green manure of cotton in soil after potato harvest, and
Impose 1 cotton and carry seed manure:Urea 200kg/ mus, promote cotton seedling robust growth;In 1 application cotton bell fertilizer mid-July:Urine
Plain 4500kg/ mus.
(6)Insect pest preventing and controlling:In potato and cotton whole growth period, the Chinese medicine for converting 300-400 times of water is sprayed every 60d
Preventing disease and pest agent.
Step(5)Middle chemistry seals row method:Mepiquat chloride was sprayed in 8th respectively at initial bloom stage, full-bloom stage, Topping Stage and August,
Per hectare spray 0.3kg/ mus, 0.4kg/ mus, 0.6kg/ mus, 1.2kg/ mus;Mepiquat chloride combines and controls worm dispenser while spray.
Step(3)Described in base manure be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:420 parts of person poultry muck, 35 parts of calcium superphosphate, urine
25 parts of element, 25 parts of potassium sulfate, 7 parts of borax, 35 parts of citric acid.
Step(6)Described in traditional Chinese medicine disease prevention insect pest agent by being extracted in following raw material:8 parts of garlic, 10 parts of the coptis, wolf
10 parts of poison, 13 parts of celastrus orbiculatus, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 9 parts of centella, 8 parts of the root of kudzu vine.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)Seed selection:Potato is early from knot potato, and the compact precocity of the shorter plant type of plant, high yield, high-quality, detoxification breeding, cotton are fitted
Preferably with plant type is compact, the middle and later periods grows fast, disease-resistant, pest-resistant Early-medium maturing variety;
(2)Cropping pattern:Row nixed plantings such as " 1-1 formulas " is implemented in the interplanting of cotton potato.Bandwidth 1.3m is planted, plants 1 row Ma Ling
Potato and 1 row cotton, symbiosis phase cotton potato spacing 0.8m, 2800 plants/acre of cotton, 3200 plants/acre of potato;
(3)Basal dressing:Deep ploughed 30cm before winter, and timely site preparation, spring irrigation, fertilising, once use sufficient base manure at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February, applies
3000kg/ mus, are uniformly ploughed in soil;
(4)Sowing:Potato seed is placed in the warm place for having sunlight and basked seeds 3d by 25d before broadcasting, and is rejected disease potato, rotten potato, is carried out stripping and slicing, treat
After otch dries, vernalization in outdoor shed is put into, can be sowed when bud length is to 3cm, mid-March carries out water furrow planting, ditch depth
12cm, mix fine earth with 1kg/ mu phoxims and be uniformly sprinkling upon in sowing potato ditch to prevent subterranean pest-insect;By original seeding row spacing by potato
Block bud is put upward, and earthing 8cm is simultaneously compacted;Timely rupture of membranes puts seedling after the soil of potato young shoot top, helps concora crush real in rupture of membranes mouth with fine earth;
Cotton fits date of seeding before and after April 15, and cave program request is opened at the 50cm of Film mulch side, per 4, cave, is buried again after program request
Mulch film;
(5)The management of cotton potato symbiosis phase:Retain whole leaf branches during cotton growth, mepiquat chloride is sprayed after topping and carries out chemical envelope
OK;The bud and unnecessary branch that potato plant occurs are pinched in time to be gone, in order to avoid consumption nutrient;Potato squaring period mepiquat chloride
0.2kg/ mu progress controls, ensure that stem tuber expands;Its cauline leaf is ploughed under as the green manure of cotton in soil after potato harvest, and
Impose 1 cotton and carry seed manure:Urea 200kg/ mus, promote cotton seedling robust growth;In 1 application cotton bell fertilizer mid-July:Urine
Plain 4500kg/ mus.
(6)Insect pest preventing and controlling:In potato and cotton whole growth period, a traditional Chinese medicine disease prevention for converting 400 times of water is sprayed every 80d
Insect pest agent.
Wherein, step(5)Middle chemistry envelope row method, step(3)Described in base manure composition, step(6)Described in Chinese medicine prevent
Pest and disease damage agent composition is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)Seed selection:Potato is early from knot potato, and the compact precocity of the shorter plant type of plant, high yield, high-quality, detoxification breeding, cotton are fitted
Preferably with plant type is compact, the middle and later periods grows fast, disease-resistant, pest-resistant Early-medium maturing variety;
(2)Cropping pattern:Row nixed plantings such as " 1-1 formulas " is implemented in the interplanting of cotton potato.Bandwidth 1.3m is planted, plants 1 row Ma Ling
Potato and 1 row cotton, symbiosis phase cotton potato spacing 0.6m, 2800 plants/acre of cotton, 3200 plants/acre of potato;
(3)Basal dressing:Deep ploughed 30cm before winter, and timely site preparation, spring irrigation, fertilising, once use sufficient base manure at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February, applies
2800kg/ mus, are uniformly ploughed in soil;
(4)Sowing:Potato seed is placed in the warm place for having sunlight and basked seeds 3d by 20-25d before broadcasting, and is rejected disease potato, rotten potato, is cut
Block, after otch dries, vernalization in outdoor shed being put into, can be sowed when bud length is to 3cm, mid-March carries out water furrow planting,
Ditch depth 12cm, mix fine earth with 1kg/ mu phoxims and be uniformly sprinkling upon in sowing potato ditch to prevent subterranean pest-insect;By original seeding row spacing
Potato wedge bud is put upward, earthing 7cm is simultaneously compacted;Timely rupture of membranes puts seedling after the soil of potato young shoot top, rupture of membranes mouth is helped with fine earth flat
Compacting;Cotton fits date of seeding before and after April 15, and cave program request is opened at the 50cm of Film mulch side, per 4, cave, weight after program request
Newly mulch film is buried;
(5)The management of cotton potato symbiosis phase:Retain whole leaf branches during cotton growth, mepiquat chloride is sprayed after topping and carries out chemical envelope
OK;The bud and unnecessary branch that potato plant occurs are pinched in time to be gone, in order to avoid consumption nutrient;Potato squaring period mepiquat chloride
0.2kg/ mu progress controls, ensure that stem tuber expands;Its cauline leaf is ploughed under as the green manure of cotton in soil after potato harvest, and
Impose 1 cotton and carry seed manure:Urea 200kg/ mus, promote cotton seedling robust growth;In 1 application cotton bell fertilizer mid-July:Urine
Plain 4500kg/ mus.
(6)Insect pest preventing and controlling:In potato and cotton whole growth period, a traditional Chinese medicine disease prevention for converting 400 times of water is sprayed every 70d
Insect pest agent.
Wherein, step(5)Middle chemistry envelope row method, step(3)Described in base manure composition, step(6)Described in Chinese medicine prevent
Pest and disease damage agent composition is the same as embodiment 1.
The implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato of the present invention compare with existing cotton cultivation method yield, such as following table institute
Show:
Table 1-1
Implantation methods | Yield/mu |
It is existing | 200 kilograms |
The embodiment of the present invention 1 | 208 kilograms |
The embodiment of the present invention 2 | 215 kilograms |
The embodiment of the present invention 3 | 230 kilograms |
The implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato of the present invention compare with existing potato culture method yield, as shown in the table:
Table 1-2
Implantation methods | Yield/mu |
It is existing | 2350 kilograms |
The embodiment of the present invention 1 | 2510 kilograms |
The embodiment of the present invention 2 | 2580 kilograms |
The embodiment of the present invention 3 | 2680 kilograms |
To sum up contrast can be seen that, the relatively existing cotton of the present invention and the single cultural method of potato, annual production are improved.
The preferred embodiment of invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, all spirit in the present invention
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)Seed selection:Potato is early from knot potato, precocity, high yield, high-quality, detoxification breeding, and cotton is with plant type is compact, middle and later periods life
It is long to develop fast, disease-resistant, pest-resistant Early-medium maturing variety;
(2)Cropping pattern:Row nixed plantings such as " 1-1 formulas " is implemented in the interplanting of cotton potato, plants bandwidth 1.3m, plants 1 row Ma Ling
Potato and 1 row cotton, symbiosis phase cotton potato spacing 0.5-0.8m, 2800 plants/acre of cotton, 3200 plants/acre of potato;
(3)Basal dressing:Deep ploughed 30cm before winter, and timely site preparation, spring irrigation, fertilising, once use sufficient base manure at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February, applies
2600kg-3000kg/ mus, are uniformly ploughed in soil;
(4)Sowing:Potato seed is placed in the warm place for having sunlight and basked seeds 2-3d by 20-25d before broadcasting, and is rejected disease potato, rotten potato, is cut
Block, after otch dries, vernalization in outdoor shed is put into, is sowed when bud length is to 2-3cm, mid-March carries out water furrow planting, ditch
Deep 10-12cm, mix fine earth with 1kg/ mu phoxims and be uniformly sprinkling upon in sowing potato ditch to prevent subterranean pest-insect;By original seeding row spacing
Potato wedge bud is put upward, earthing 6-8cm is simultaneously compacted;Rupture of membranes puts seedling after the soil of potato young shoot top, and rupture of membranes mouth is helped concora crush with fine earth
It is real;Cotton opens cave program request at the 50cm of Film mulch side, per cave 3-4 grains, has buried mulch film after program request again;
(5)The management of cotton potato symbiosis phase:Retain whole leaf branches during cotton growth, mepiquat chloride is sprayed after topping and carries out chemical envelope
OK;Potato squaring period with mepiquat chloride 0.1-0.2kg/ mu progress controls, ensures that stem tuber expands;By its stem after potato harvest
Leaf ploughs under the green manure as cotton in soil, and imposes 1 cotton and carry seed manure:Urea 200kg/ mus, promote cotton seedling robust growth;In
Mid-July, 1 application cotton bell was fertile:Urea 4500kg/ mus;
(6)Insect pest preventing and controlling:In potato and cotton whole growth period, the Chinese medicine for converting 300-400 times of water is sprayed every 60-80d
Preventing disease and pest agent.
A kind of 2. implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(5)Middleization
Learning envelope row method is:Respectively at spraying initial bloom stage, full-bloom stage, Topping Stage and August 5-10 days mepiquat chloride, per hectare sprays 0.3kg/
Mu, 0.4kg/ mus, 0.6kg/ mus, 1.2kg/ mus;Mepiquat chloride combines and controls worm dispenser while spray.
A kind of 3. implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(3)Middle institute
Base manure is stated to be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight:400 ~ 450 parts of person poultry muck, 30 ~ 40 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20 ~ 30 parts of urea, sulphur
Sour 20 ~ 30 parts of potassium, 6 ~ 8 parts of borax, 20 ~ 50 parts of citric acid.
A kind of 4. implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(6)Middle institute
Traditional Chinese medicine disease prevention insect pest agent is stated by being extracted in following raw material:Garlic 6-10 parts, coptis 8-12 parts, root of langdu 8-12 parts, southern snake
Rattan 10-16 parts, folium artemisiae argyi 2-4 parts, centella 8-14 parts, root of kudzu vine 6-10 parts.
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CN201710773905.6A CN107439200A (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | A kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato |
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CN201710773905.6A CN107439200A (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | A kind of implantation methods of cotton interplanting potato |
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CN111512899A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-08-11 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Cultivation method for interplanting fennel in mechanical cotton field collected in southern Xinjiang |
CN114258829A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-04-01 | 南阳市农业科学院 | Efficient cotton and potato crop rotation planting method |
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CN111512899A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-08-11 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Cultivation method for interplanting fennel in mechanical cotton field collected in southern Xinjiang |
CN114258829A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-04-01 | 南阳市农业科学院 | Efficient cotton and potato crop rotation planting method |
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Application publication date: 20171208 |