CN114582730A - Method for preparing high-performance aluminum-based composite material heat dissipation substrate - Google Patents

Method for preparing high-performance aluminum-based composite material heat dissipation substrate Download PDF

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CN114582730A
CN114582730A CN202210188318.1A CN202210188318A CN114582730A CN 114582730 A CN114582730 A CN 114582730A CN 202210188318 A CN202210188318 A CN 202210188318A CN 114582730 A CN114582730 A CN 114582730A
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aluminum
die
heating furnace
vacuum
preparing
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CN114582730B (en
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傅蔡安
傅菂
李成力
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Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/48—Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326
    • H01L21/4814—Conductive parts
    • H01L21/4871—Bases, plates or heatsinks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
    • B22D27/11—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of mechanical pressing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/20—Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
    • C22C1/1015—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
    • C22C1/1015—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform
    • C22C1/1021—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform the preform being ceramic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1073—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure, e.g. squeeze casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes

Abstract

A method for preparing a high-performance aluminum matrix composite heat dissipation substrate comprises processing equipment, wherein the specific structure of the processing equipment is as follows: the device comprises a vacuum heating furnace, wherein a steel crucible is placed in the vacuum heating furnace, a strong oxidant is arranged on the bottom surface in the steel crucible, a forming mold is placed on the upper surfaces of the strong oxidant and the steel crucible at the same time, an aluminum block is placed on the upper surface of the forming mold, one end of the vacuum heating furnace is connected with a vacuum pump through a pipeline, and the other end of the vacuum heating furnace is connected with a nitrogen tank through a pipeline; the aluminum-based ceramic composite material with higher density is formed by adopting a pressure infiltration method, and consists of a metal matrix and a non-metal reinforcing phase, wherein aluminum is the metal matrix, the non-metal reinforcing phase can be diamond, graphene and the like, taking diamond as an example, and the aluminum liquid is filled in gaps among diamond particles by adopting the process through high-pressure infiltration.

Description

Method for preparing high-performance aluminum-based composite material heat dissipation substrate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing during heat dissipation, in particular to a method for preparing a high-performance aluminum matrix composite heat dissipation substrate.
Background
The aluminum-based heat-conducting composite material has the characteristics of high heat conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient matched with a packaged chip, light weight, high rigidity and the like, and is an ideal heat-radiating material for packaging a high-power integrated circuit module at present. The multi-chip assembly and the high-current power module are core components of aerospace, national defense construction, civil traffic, power transmission and transformation systems and the like, and the common metal-based composite heat dissipation materials comprise aluminum graphene, aluminum diamond, aluminum silicon carbide and the like.
Diamond is the hardest substance in nature, the thermal conductivity of the diamond can reach 2000W/m.K, the price of the artificial diamond powder is gradually reduced along with the technical progress, but the diamond can be cracked at high temperature. The thermal conductivity of the graphene is as high as 3500W/m.K. However, graphene is easily oxidized at a temperature of above 550 ℃, and reacts with oxygen in the air to generate carbon dioxide, so that the phenomenon of weight loss is generated. The silicon carbide has low thermal conductivity, and the prepared composite material has unsatisfactory thermal conductivity. Therefore, if the problems of pyrolysis and weight loss of the ceramic material can be solved, the composite material of the aluminum diamond and the aluminum graphene becomes one of the best choices of the heat-conducting composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant provides a method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite material heat dissipation substrate aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that an aluminum-based ceramic composite material with higher compactness is formed by adopting a pressure infiltration method, wherein the aluminum-based ceramic composite material is composed of a metal matrix and a non-metal reinforcing phase, the aluminum is the metal matrix, the non-metal reinforcing phase can be diamond, graphene and the like, taking the diamond as an example, and the aluminum liquid is filled in gaps among diamond particles by adopting the process through high-pressure infiltration.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a high-performance aluminum matrix composite heat dissipation substrate comprises processing equipment, wherein the specific structure of the processing equipment is as follows: the device comprises a vacuum heating furnace, wherein a steel crucible is placed in the vacuum heating furnace, a strong oxidant is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the steel crucible, a forming mold is placed on the upper surfaces of the strong oxidant and the steel crucible at the same time, an aluminum block is placed on the upper surface of the forming mold, one end of the vacuum heating furnace is connected with a vacuum pump through a pipeline, and the other end of the vacuum heating furnace is connected with a nitrogen tank through a pipeline;
the operation process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: preparing ceramic particles, proportioning the ceramic particles, and pressing the ceramic particles into a powder block through vibration and compaction work;
the second step: supporting a forming die through a die steel partition plate and an aluminum foil, and loading the stone powder material block obtained in the first step into a groove between the two aluminum foils of the forming die;
the third step: a layer of strong oxidant is laid in the groove in the steel crucible;
the fourth step: placing a forming mold into a steel crucible, placing an aluminum block with the calculated volume on the forming mold, and placing the aluminum block and the steel crucible into a vacuum heating furnace;
the fifth step: the vacuum pump works, the vacuum pumping is started, and the vacuum degree reaches 10Pa-10-2Pa, stopping vacuumizing;
and a sixth step: the vacuum heating furnace starts to heat, the heating temperature is set to be 650-; with the start of heating, the oxygen remaining in the vacuum heating furnace reacts with the strong oxidant to further deoxidize.
The seventh step: putting the aluminum ingot into an aluminum melting furnace, setting the heating temperature to be 650-850 ℃, turning on a heating switch to melt the aluminum ingot, and preparing refined aluminum liquid for later casting and extrusion of the aluminum liquid;
eighth step: opening a heating switch of a press groove of the press machine, and preheating the press groove of the press machine, wherein the set temperature is 400-500 ℃;
the ninth step: after the aluminum block in the heating furnace is completely melted and covers the forming mold, the nitrogen tank works, the nitrogen starts to be filled, and the nitrogen is stopped to be filled after the internal pressure and the external pressure of the vacuum heating furnace are balanced;
the tenth step: opening a furnace door of the vacuum heating furnace, taking out the forming mold coated with the aluminum liquid, and then putting the forming mold into a preheated press groove; injecting refined aluminum liquid into the die-casting die until the aluminum liquid completely wraps the forming die;
the eleventh step: starting a press, setting pressure parameters of the press, wherein the pressure is 30-150 Mpa, enabling a pressure head to slowly extrude the aluminum liquid until the pressure head of the press does not descend any more, maintaining the pressure for 5-30 minutes under high pressure, and removing the pressure after the die-casting aluminum liquid is cooled and solidified;
the twelfth step: and ejecting an aluminum ingot in the die-casting die, and demolding to obtain the die-casting blank plate of the aluminum-based diamond heat-dissipation composite material.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
in the first step, diamond particles are selected as the ceramic particles.
In the third step, copper powder is used as the strong oxidant.
In the third step, the steel crucible is prepared from graphite and heat-resistant steel.
And in the fourth step, the volume of the aluminum block ensures that the aluminum block just submerges the forming die after being melted.
In the fifth step, the vacuum degree is 0.1 Pa.
In the seventh step, the aluminum melting furnace is arranged outside.
In the eighth step, the heating temperature is 450 ℃.
In the tenth step, the pressure of the press was 60 MPa.
In the tenth step, the dwell time was 20 minutes.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has simple equipment and convenient operation, improves the process efficiency of the composite material by pre-installing and forming the ceramic powder, adopts the forming die to pre-install the ceramic powder block, can manufacture the aluminum-based ceramic heat-conducting packaging materials with different structures by different die designs, adopts the assembling form of the forming die, and can recycle the die plates, thereby reducing the cost of die design.
When the forming die is preheated, namely the fourth step of the operation step, the aluminum block with a certain volume is placed above the forming die, and the volume of the aluminum block is calculated to ensure that the aluminum block can cover and wrap the forming die when the aluminum block is completely melted, because the forming die covered with the aluminum liquid is prevented from contacting with air and preventing the air from entering the forming die in the process of transferring the forming die to a press tank of a press machine after the forming die is heated.
According to the invention, a layer of strong oxidant is laid below the forming mold, and the strong oxidant has the characteristics of looseness and porosity and can react with oxygen, so that the strong oxidant can react with residual oxygen in the heating furnace after vacuum pumping. Firstly, the heating furnace is vacuumized to form negative pressure, and the strong oxidant is used for reacting with oxygen remaining in the vacuum furnace in the heating process after the vacuum heating furnace is vacuumized so as to consume the remaining oxygen and reduce the oxidation reaction of the oxygen remaining in the furnace and diamond or graphene. Secondly, in the infiltration and die casting process of the aluminum liquid, oxygen or other gas residues may still exist in the forming die, and the density of the composite material and the purity of the metal liquid are affected. In the process that the aluminum liquid extruded by the press machine is infiltrated into the forming die, the residual gas is extruded downwards to the strong oxidant layer along with the extrusion effect of the aluminum liquid and reacts with the strong oxidant, so that the prepared aluminum-based ceramic composite material is prevented from generating air holes. The invention adopts hot isostatic pressing die casting, uses a press machine for die casting, improves the structural compactness of the aluminum diamond through high-pressure die casting, and further improves the heat-conducting property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the installation of a forming mold, a steel crucible and an aluminum block of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a first operation of the vacuum heating furnace of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a second operation of the vacuum heating furnace of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in the pressure impregnation of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a die steel spacer; 2. an aluminum block; 3. ceramic particles; 4. a steel crucible; 5. a strong oxidizing agent; 6. vacuumizing air holes; 7. a nitrogen charging hole; 8. a vacuum pump; 9. a nitrogen tank; 10. aluminum liquid; 11. an upper pressure head; 12. pressing machine grooves; 13. and a push rod oil cylinder.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate of the embodiment includes a processing device, and the specific structure of the processing device is as follows: the device comprises a vacuum heating furnace, wherein a steel crucible 4 is placed in the vacuum heating furnace, a strong oxidant 5 is arranged on the bottom surface in the steel crucible 4, a forming mold is simultaneously placed on the upper surfaces of the strong oxidant 5 and the steel crucible 4, an aluminum block 2 is placed on the upper surface of the forming mold, one end of the vacuum heating furnace is connected with a vacuum pump 8 through a pipeline, and the other end of the vacuum heating furnace is connected with a nitrogen tank 9 through a pipeline;
the operation process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: preparing ceramic particles 3, proportioning the ceramic particles 3, and pressing the ceramic particles 3 into a powder block through vibration and compaction;
the second step is that: the stone powder material block obtained in the first step is loaded into a groove between two aluminum foils of a forming die through a die steel partition plate 1 and the aluminum foil support forming die;
the third step: a layer of strong oxidant 5 is laid in the groove in the steel crucible 4;
the fourth step: placing a forming mold into a steel crucible 4, placing the aluminum block 2 with the calculated volume on the forming mold, and placing the aluminum block and the steel crucible 4 into a vacuum heating furnace;
the fifth step: the vacuum pump 8 works, and starts to pump vacuum, and the vacuum degree reaches 10Pa-10-2Pa, stopping vacuumizing;
and a sixth step: the vacuum heating furnace starts to heat, the heating temperature is set to be 650-800 ℃, the heating time is 30-120 minutes, and the heat preservation time is 60-240 minutes;
the seventh step: putting the aluminum ingot into an aluminum melting furnace, setting the heating temperature to be 650-850 ℃, turning on a heating switch to melt the aluminum ingot, and preparing refined aluminum liquid for later casting and extrusion of the aluminum liquid;
eighth step: opening a heating switch of the press groove 12 of the press machine, and preheating the press groove 12 of the press machine, wherein the set temperature is 400-500 ℃;
the ninth step: after the aluminum block 2 in the heating furnace is completely melted and covers the forming mold, the nitrogen tank 9 works to start to be filled with nitrogen, and the nitrogen filling is stopped after the internal and external pressures of the vacuum heating furnace are balanced;
the tenth step: opening a furnace door of the vacuum heating furnace, taking out the forming die coated with the aluminum liquid 10, and then putting the forming die into a preheated press groove 12; injecting refined molten aluminum 10 into the die-casting die until the molten aluminum 10 completely wraps the forming die 1;
the eleventh step: starting a press, setting pressure parameters of the press, wherein the pressure is 30-150 Mpa, enabling a pressure head 11 to slowly extrude the aluminum liquid 10 until the pressure head 11 of the press does not descend any more, maintaining the pressure for 5-30 minutes under high pressure, and removing the pressure after the die-casting aluminum liquid is cooled and solidified;
the twelfth step: and ejecting an aluminum ingot in the die-casting die 4, and demolding to obtain a die-casting blank plate of the aluminum-based diamond heat-dissipation composite material.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
in the first step, diamond particles are used as the ceramic particles 3.
In the third step, copper powder is used as the strong oxidant 5.
In the third step, the steel crucible 4 is prepared from graphite and heat-resistant steel.
In the fourth step, the volume of the aluminum block 2 ensures that the aluminum block 2 just submerges the forming die 1 after being melted.
In the fifth step, the vacuum degree was 1 Pa.
In the seventh step, the aluminum melting furnace is arranged outside.
In the eighth step, the heating temperature was 450 ℃.
In the tenth step, the pressure of the press was 60 MPa.
In the tenth step, the dwell time was 20 minutes.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the first step is as follows: preparing ceramic particles 3, proportioning the ceramic particles 3, and pressing the ceramic particles 3 into a powder block through vibration and compaction work;
the second step is that: the stone powder material block obtained in the first step is loaded into a groove between two aluminum foils of a forming die through a die steel partition plate 1 and the aluminum foil support forming die;
the third step: a layer of strong oxidant 5 is laid in the groove in the steel crucible 4;
the fourth step: placing a forming mold into a steel crucible 4, placing the aluminum block 2 with the calculated volume on the forming mold, and placing the aluminum block and the steel crucible 4 into a vacuum heating furnace;
the fifth step: the vacuum pump 8 works, the vacuum pumping is started, the vacuum degree reaches 5Pa, and the vacuum pumping is stopped;
and a sixth step: the vacuum heating furnace starts to heat, the heating temperature is set to 700 ℃, and the heating time is 120 minutes;
the seventh step: putting the aluminum ingot into an aluminum melting furnace, setting the heating temperature to be 650 ℃, and turning on a heating switch to melt the aluminum ingot to prepare refined aluminum liquid to prepare for casting and extruding the subsequent aluminum liquid;
eighth step: opening a heating switch of a press groove 12 of the press machine, and preheating the press groove 12, wherein the set temperature is 400 ℃;
the ninth step: after the aluminum block 2 in the heating furnace is completely melted and covers the forming mold, the nitrogen tank 9 works to start to be filled with nitrogen, and the nitrogen filling is stopped after the internal and external pressures of the vacuum heating furnace are balanced;
the tenth step: opening a furnace door of the vacuum heating furnace, taking out the forming die coated with the aluminum liquid 10, and then putting the forming die into a preheated press groove 12; injecting refined molten aluminum 10 into the die-casting die until the molten aluminum 10 completely wraps the forming die 1;
the eleventh step: starting a press, setting pressure parameters of the press, keeping the pressure at 50Mpa, enabling a pressure head 11 to slowly extrude the aluminum liquid 10 until the pressure head 11 of the press does not descend any more, maintaining the pressure for 12 minutes under high pressure, and removing the pressure after the die-casting aluminum liquid is cooled and solidified;
a twelfth step: and ejecting an aluminum ingot in the die-casting die 4, and demolding to obtain a die-casting blank plate of the aluminum-based diamond heat-dissipation composite material.
Example two:
the first step is as follows: preparing ceramic particles 3, proportioning the ceramic particles 3, and pressing the ceramic particles 3 into a powder block through vibration and compaction work;
the second step is that: the stone powder material block obtained in the first step is loaded into a groove between two aluminum foils of a forming die through a die steel partition plate 1 and the aluminum foil support forming die;
the third step: a layer of strong oxidant 5 is laid in the groove in the steel crucible 4;
the fourth step: placing a forming mold into a steel crucible 4, placing the aluminum block 2 with the calculated volume on the forming mold, and placing the aluminum block and the steel crucible 4 into a vacuum heating furnace;
the fifth step: the vacuum pump 8 works, the vacuum pumping is started, the vacuum degree reaches 0.01Pa, and the vacuum pumping is stopped;
and a sixth step: the vacuum heating furnace starts to heat, the heating temperature is set to 750 ℃, and the heating time is 60 minutes; the incubation time was 180 minutes.
The seventh step: putting the aluminum ingot into an aluminum melting furnace, setting the heating temperature to 750 ℃, and turning on a heating switch to melt the aluminum ingot to prepare refined aluminum liquid to prepare for casting and extruding the subsequent aluminum liquid;
eighth step: opening a heating switch of a press groove 12 of the press machine, and preheating the press groove 12, wherein the set temperature is 500 ℃;
the ninth step: after the aluminum block 2 in the heating furnace is completely melted and covers the forming mold, the nitrogen tank 9 works to start to be filled with nitrogen, and the nitrogen filling is stopped after the internal and external pressures of the vacuum heating furnace are balanced;
the tenth step: opening a furnace door of the vacuum heating furnace, taking out the forming die coated with the aluminum liquid 10, and then putting the forming die into a preheated press groove 12; injecting refined molten aluminum 10 into the die-casting die until the molten aluminum 10 completely wraps the forming die 1;
the eleventh step: starting a press, setting pressure parameters of the press, keeping the pressure at 100Mpa, enabling a pressure head 11 to slowly extrude the aluminum liquid 10 until the pressure head 11 of the press does not descend any more, keeping the pressure for 15 minutes under high pressure, and removing the pressure after the die-casting aluminum liquid is cooled and solidified;
the twelfth step: and ejecting an aluminum ingot in the die-casting die 4, and demolding to obtain a die-casting blank plate of the aluminum-based diamond heat-dissipation composite material.
Example three:
the first step is as follows: preparing ceramic particles 3, proportioning the ceramic particles 3, and pressing the ceramic particles 3 into a powder block through vibration and compaction work;
the second step is that: the stone powder material block obtained in the first step is loaded into a groove between two aluminum foils of a forming die through a die steel partition plate 1 and the aluminum foil support forming die;
the third step: a layer of strong oxidant 5 is laid in the groove in the steel crucible 4;
the fourth step: placing a forming mold into a steel crucible 4, placing the aluminum block 2 with the calculated volume on the forming mold, and placing the aluminum block and the steel crucible 4 into a vacuum heating furnace;
the fifth step: the vacuum pump 8 works, the vacuum pumping is started, the vacuum degree reaches 5Pa, and the vacuum pumping is stopped;
and a sixth step: the vacuum heating furnace starts to heat, the heating temperature is set to be 610 ℃, and the heating time is 50 minutes; the incubation time was 120 minutes.
The seventh step: putting the aluminum ingot into an aluminum melting furnace, setting the heating temperature to 700 ℃, and turning on a heating switch to melt the aluminum ingot to prepare refined aluminum liquid to prepare for casting and extruding the subsequent aluminum liquid;
eighth step: opening a heating switch of a press groove 12 of the press machine, and preheating the press groove 12, wherein the set temperature is 450 ℃;
the ninth step: after the aluminum block 2 in the heating furnace is completely melted and covers the forming die, the nitrogen tank 9 works to start to be filled with nitrogen, and after the pressure in the furnace and the pressure outside the vacuum heating furnace are balanced, the nitrogen filling is stopped;
the tenth step: opening a furnace door of the vacuum heating furnace, taking out the forming die coated with the aluminum liquid 10, and then putting the forming die into a preheated press groove 12; injecting refined molten aluminum 10 into the die-casting die until the molten aluminum 10 completely wraps the forming die 1;
the eleventh step: starting a press, setting pressure parameters of the press, keeping the pressure at 100Mpa, enabling a pressure head 11 to slowly extrude the aluminum liquid 10 until the pressure head 11 of the press does not descend any more, maintaining the pressure for 20 minutes under high pressure, and removing the pressure after the die-casting aluminum liquid is cooled and solidified;
the twelfth step: and ejecting an aluminum ingot in the die-casting die 4, and demolding to obtain a die-casting blank plate of the aluminum-based diamond heat-dissipation composite material.
Firstly, ceramic powder blocks are proportioned and pressed into powder blocks, and the powder blocks are filled into a forming die; secondly, placing a small amount of aluminum blocks and a forming die filled with powder blocks in a vacuum heating furnace for preheating, then taking out the forming die, placing the forming die into a die-casting sleeve die, then pouring the refined molten aluminum liquid into the die-casting sleeve die, and covering the forming die; and finally, extruding the aluminum liquid by a pressing head of a press to ensure that the aluminum liquid is impregnated into the ceramic powder block of the forming die to form the aluminum-based ceramic composite material with high compactness. The method comprises the steps of pre-assembling a powder block in a forming die for forming, preheating in a vacuum furnace, carrying out ultra-high pressure aluminizing die-casting, and demoulding to obtain the high-performance aluminum-based ceramic composite material.
The method can be used for preparing heat-conducting composite materials such as aluminum diamond, aluminum graphene and the like.
The invention pre-installs powder blocks into shape by a forming die, and then carries out hot isostatic pressing aluminizing under ultrahigh pressure to manufacture the high-performance aluminum-based ceramic composite material heat dissipation substrate.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing a high-performance aluminum matrix composite heat dissipation substrate is characterized by comprising the following steps: including the processing equipment, the concrete structure of processing equipment does: the device comprises a vacuum heating furnace, wherein a steel crucible (4) is placed in the vacuum heating furnace, a strong oxidant (5) is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the steel crucible (4), a forming mold is placed on the upper surfaces of the strong oxidant (5) and the steel crucible (4) at the same time, an aluminum block (2) is placed on the upper surface of the forming mold, one end of the vacuum heating furnace is connected with a vacuum pump (8) through a pipeline, and the other end of the vacuum heating furnace is connected with a nitrogen tank (9) through a pipeline;
the operation process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: preparing ceramic particles (3), proportioning the ceramic particles (3), and pressing the ceramic particles (3) into a powder block through vibration and compaction;
the second step is that: the stone powder block obtained in the first step is loaded into a groove between two aluminum foils of a forming die through a die steel clapboard (1) and the aluminum foil support forming die;
the third step: a layer of strong oxidant (5) is laid in the groove in the steel crucible (4);
the fourth step: placing a forming mould into a steel crucible (4), placing an aluminum block (2) with the calculated volume on the forming mould, and placing the aluminum block and the steel crucible (4) into a vacuum heating furnace;
the fifth step: the vacuum pump (8) works, and starts to pump vacuum, and the vacuum degree reaches 10Pa-10-2Pa, stopping vacuumizing;
and a sixth step: the vacuum heating furnace starts to heat, the heating temperature is set to be 650-;
the seventh step: putting the aluminum ingot into an aluminum melting furnace, setting the heating temperature to be 650-850 ℃, and turning on a heating switch to melt the aluminum ingot to prepare refined aluminum liquid to prepare for casting and extruding the subsequent aluminum liquid;
eighth step: opening a heating switch of a press groove (12) of the press machine, preheating the press groove (12) of the press machine, and setting the temperature to be 400-500 ℃;
the ninth step: after the aluminum block (2) in the heating furnace is completely melted and covers the forming mold, a nitrogen tank (9) works, nitrogen gas starts to be filled, and the filling of the nitrogen gas is stopped after the internal and external pressures of the vacuum heating furnace are balanced;
the tenth step: opening a furnace door of the vacuum heating furnace, taking out the forming die coated with the aluminum liquid (10), and then putting the forming die into a preheated press groove (12); injecting the refined aluminum liquid (10) into the die-casting die until the aluminum liquid (10) completely wraps the forming die (1);
the eleventh step: starting a press, setting pressure parameters of the press, wherein the pressure is 30-150 Mpa, slowly extruding the aluminum liquid (10) by the pressure head (11) until the pressure head (11) of the press does not descend any more, maintaining the pressure for 5-30 minutes under high pressure, and removing the pressure after the die-casting aluminum liquid is cooled and solidified;
the twelfth step: and (4) ejecting an aluminum ingot in the die-casting die (4), and demolding to obtain a die-casting blank plate of the aluminum-based diamond heat-dissipation composite material.
2. The method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, diamond particles are selected as the ceramic particles (3).
3. The method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the third step, copper powder is adopted as the strong oxidant (5).
4. The method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the steel crucible (4) is prepared from graphite and heat-resistant steel.
5. The method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, the volume of the aluminum block (2) ensures that the aluminum block (2) just submerges the forming die (1) after being melted.
6. The method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the vacuum degree was 0.1 Pa.
7. The method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the seventh step, the aluminum melting furnace is arranged outside.
8. The method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the eighth step, the heating temperature was 450 ℃.
9. The method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the tenth step, the pressure of the press was 60 MPa.
10. The method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based composite heat dissipation substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the tenth step, the dwell time was 20 minutes.
CN202210188318.1A 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 Method for preparing high-performance aluminum matrix composite heat dissipation substrate Active CN114582730B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005238331A (en) * 2004-01-26 2005-09-08 Akiyoshi Nishino Composite material and its manufacturing method
CN104152734A (en) * 2014-06-12 2014-11-19 陕西斯瑞工业有限责任公司 Method for preparing tungsten-copper alloy from spherical tungsten powder
CN107470588A (en) * 2017-09-18 2017-12-15 上海开朋科技有限公司 In the method for aluminium gold diamond composite material surface covering copper foil
CN113290245A (en) * 2021-05-25 2021-08-24 江南大学 Process for preparing metal-based ceramic composite material by secondary pressure application

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005238331A (en) * 2004-01-26 2005-09-08 Akiyoshi Nishino Composite material and its manufacturing method
CN104152734A (en) * 2014-06-12 2014-11-19 陕西斯瑞工业有限责任公司 Method for preparing tungsten-copper alloy from spherical tungsten powder
CN107470588A (en) * 2017-09-18 2017-12-15 上海开朋科技有限公司 In the method for aluminium gold diamond composite material surface covering copper foil
CN113290245A (en) * 2021-05-25 2021-08-24 江南大学 Process for preparing metal-based ceramic composite material by secondary pressure application

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